Self-adaptive regulation and control device capable of slowing down cabin pressure change in injection and suction start-stop process and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive regulation and control device capable of slowing down cabin pressure changes in the injection and suction start-stop process and a control method, and mainly relates to the technical field of exhaust injection and high-altitude simulation tests. The regulating and controlling device is installed in an air flow pipeline connecting an ejector and a high-altitude cabin, the ejector pumps air flow in the high-altitude cabin away through the air flow pipeline when being started, and the air flow returns to the high altitude to recover normal pressure when the ejector is shut down. The adjusting and controlling device is composed of a driving device, an adjusting device and center cone assemblies, the driving device adjusts the rotating direction in a self-adaptive mode according to the airflow direction when the ejector is started and closed, the position of each center cone assembly is changed through the adjusting device, the airflow flowing area is adjusted, and the cabin pressure change of a high-altitude cabin when the ejector is quickly started and closed is slowed down. According to the invention, no extra power source is needed, self-adaptive adjustment of cabin pressure change can be realized, the stability and safety of a high-altitude simulation test are improved, and the device is suitable for various high-altitude cabin test working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of exhaust ejector and high-altitude simulation test, and relates to the cabin pressure regulation and air flow dynamic regulation technology of a high-altitude chamber. In particular, it relates to an adaptive regulation device and control method that can slow down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejector suction, which is used for the air flow channel regulation during the start-stop of the ejector in high-altitude simulation tests, buffer the cabin pressure fluctuation caused by the start-stop of the ejector, and prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from flowing back into the high-altitude chamber. Background Art

[0002] High-altitude simulation test is one of the important research means in the fields of aerospace, engine R & D and related fields, and is widely used in test conditions such as high-altitude start of aero-engines, combustion chamber performance testing, and flight vehicle cabin environment simulation. In order to simulate the high-altitude environment, the test usually uses a high-altitude chamber to provide external conditions such as low pressure, low temperature, and high-speed air flow, so that the test equipment or test object can be tested under conditions close to the real flight environment. The core of the operation of the high-altitude chamber lies in accurately controlling the cabin pressure to ensure that it meets the air pressure state under specific flight altitude conditions.

[0003] At present, in order to meet the pressure environment when simulating the high-altitude flight state of an engine on the ground in a large high-altitude chamber, a multi-stage parallel ejector with extremely strong suction capacity is mostly used to complete the air suction in the high-altitude chamber, so as to realize the simulation of the high-altitude environment pressure. An ejector is a non-moving part gas suction device based on the principle of fluid dynamics. It usually generates a low-pressure area by a high-speed jet of working air flow, so as to drive the surrounding gas to flow to the low-pressure area, and then realize the extraction of air and the regulation of cabin pressure. Due to the advantages of the ejector such as no mechanical moving parts, fast response speed, and low maintenance cost, it has been widely used in high-altitude simulation tests.

[0004] However, during the operation of the high-altitude simulation test, the characteristics of the rapid start-stop of the ejector will cause an instantaneous change in the cabin pressure of the high-altitude chamber, bringing many challenges to the test. Specifically, when the ejector starts, its suction capacity is quickly established, resulting in a rapid drop in the cabin pressure; when the ejector stops, its suction capacity drops suddenly, and the cabin pressure will rise rapidly. This drastic change in air pressure is likely to damage the internal mechanical system and measurement and control system of the high-altitude chamber, affecting the accuracy and reliability of test data. And at the end of the test, the rapid shutdown of the ejector will cause poor exhaust, prompting the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to flow back into the high-altitude chamber, damaging the hardware facilities and test pieces in the chamber, and even endangering the safety of the test personnel.

[0005] To address the impact of cabin pressure changes on experiments, some improvement solutions have been proposed in the prior art in aspects such as fluid regulation, pneumatic control, and cabin pressure management. For example, some high-altitude simulation test systems use adjustable throttling devices to control the air flow rate during the start-up and shutdown processes of ejectors, so as to slow down the pressure change. However, such throttling devices usually have adjustment hysteresis and are difficult to adapt to the dynamic changes of air flow under different experimental conditions in real time. In addition, some high-altitude simulation test systems use independent auxiliary exhaust pipes to provide an additional exhaust channel when the ejector is closed, in order to reduce the risk of high-temperature and high-pressure air flow surging back. However, the layout complexity of the additional pipe structure is relatively high, and it may introduce additional flow losses, thus affecting the overall efficiency of the system. Some more complex solutions, such as using multi-stage pressure regulating valve groups or buffer cavities and other structures, although they can achieve more precise pressure control, their structures are complex, the costs are high, or the adjustment effects are not ideal enough, and it is difficult to be widely applied in engineering practice.

[0006] In summary, how to effectively slow down the cabin pressure change during the start-up and shutdown processes of ejector suction, avoid the impact of sudden pressure changes on the in-cabin equipment and test results, and prevent the backflow of high-temperature and high-pressure gases are technical problems that urgently need to be solved in the field of exhaust ejectors and high-altitude simulation tests. Therefore, providing a technical solution that can adaptively adjust the air flow channel area, effectively buffer the cabin pressure change, and suppress the air flow backflow is of great significance for improving the reliability and safety of high-altitude simulation tests. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (I) Object of the Invention The object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive control device and control method for slowing down the cabin pressure change during the start-up and shutdown processes of ejector suction. By setting an adaptive control mechanism composed of a driving device and a central cone assembly in the air flow pipe connecting the high-altitude cabin and the ejector, the air flow channel area is gradually increased when the ejector starts up to buffer the cabin pressure drop rate, and the air flow channel area is gradually reduced when the ejector shuts down to block the channel to prevent the backflow of high-temperature and high-pressure gases, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the air flow channel area, so as to solve the problems of damage to the in-cabin hardware facilities and test pieces caused by sudden pressure changes in the high-altitude cabin during the rapid start-up and shutdown of the ejector in the above background technology, and slow down the backflow of high-temperature and high-pressure gases caused by poor exhaust at the end of the test.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the object of the invention and solve its technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The first invention object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive control device that can slow down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejector suction, which is used to adjust the airflow flow area during the start-up and shutdown process of the ejector in the high-altitude simulation test system to buffer the cabin pressure change and prevent high-temperature and high-pressure gas from flowing back into the high-altitude cabin, including an airflow pipeline, an ejector, a high-altitude cabin, a driving device, a regulating device and a central cone assembly, wherein: The airflow duct as a whole extends axially, and includes at least one middle straight section, the diameters of both ends of the middle straight section gradually increase from inside to outside along the axial direction, and the upstream end is coaxially connected to the ejector, and the downstream end is coaxially connected to the high-altitude cabin; The driving device, the adjusting device, and the center cone assembly are all arranged in the middle straight section of the airflow duct, wherein: the driving device is coaxially fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the middle straight section, and adjusts its expansion and contraction and rotation direction according to the different flow directions of the airflow; the adjusting device is transmission-connected to the power output end of the driving device, and adjusts its own inclination state under the actuation of the driving device; the center cone assembly as a whole is a stacked combination structure, and its active part is connected to the end of the adjusting device, and is horizontally pulled back or pushed out along the axial direction under the actuation of the adjusting device. When pulled back horizontally, it shrinks in layers in sequence to increase the airflow flow area, and when pushed out horizontally, it expands in layers in sequence to reduce the airflow flow area.

[0009] The second invention object of the present invention is to provide a control method for the above-mentioned adaptive control device capable of slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejection suction, wherein the control method comprises the following steps when implemented: SS1. Start the ejector to create a negative pressure environment The central cone assembly is set in a fully extended initial closed state, and the initial pressure of the airflow duct on the downstream side of the central cone assembly and the high-altitude cabin connected thereto is maintained at normal pressure; the ejector is started to rapidly reduce the pressure in the airflow duct on the upstream side of the central cone assembly and the ejector connected thereto to negative pressure; SS2. Pull back the center cone assembly gradually to buffer the cabin pressure drop rate The driving device rotates under the action of the airflow, driving the regulating device to enter the working state, and then driving the central cone assembly to be pulled back horizontally step by step, gradually increasing the area of ​​the airflow channel, so that the pressure in the high-pressure chamber is gradually reduced in a controlled manner, avoiding the impact of the sudden pressure drop on the test equipment and measurement and control system in the high-pressure chamber; SS3. Maintain stable working status When the center cone assembly is fully retracted, the airflow channel reaches the maximum flow area, the pressure in the high-pressure chamber stabilizes at the target setting value, and the current state of the center cone assembly is maintained, ensuring the stability of the test environment and meeting the requirements of the high-altitude simulation test; SS4. The ejector is closed, triggering the center cone assembly to return to its original position When the test is over, the ejector is closed, and the pressure inside the ejector quickly returns to normal pressure. The gas in the air flow pipeline flows in the reverse direction. The reverse air flow drives the driving device to rotate in the reverse direction accordingly, drives the adjusting device to enter the reset operation, and under the action of the air flow, pushes the central cone assembly to be horizontally ejected and reset step by step until the air flow channel is completely blocked. At the same time, the air pressure in the altitude chamber gradually returns to normal pressure, and the test system returns to the initial state.

[0010] (3) Technical effects Compared with the existing technology, the adaptive control device of the present invention that can slow down the change of cabin pressure during the start and stop of ejector suction has the following beneficial and remarkable technical effects: (1) In the present invention, a central cone assembly with an overall laminated combination structure is arranged in the air flow pipeline connecting the ejector and the altitude chamber. Depending on the change of the central cone assembly, it plays a buffering role in the suction force generated when the ejector starts, so that the air pressure inside the altitude chamber gradually decreases, thus avoiding the large acting force generated by the suction force in the altitude chamber instantaneously on the pipeline materials, equipment or brackets inside the cabin. At the same time, when the ejector is closed, the central cone assembly will be horizontally ejected to block the air flow pipeline, avoiding the reverse flow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and thus generating a secondary acting force on the pipeline materials, equipment or brackets inside the cabin.

[0011] (2) Through the linkage mechanism of the central cone assembly with the driving device and the adjusting device, the present invention uses the change of the air flow direction to drive the forward and reverse rotation of the fan assembly in the driving device, and adjusts the inclination state of each telescopic rod in the adjusting device under the action of the driving device. The automatic adjustment of the air flow channel area can be realized without an external power source and a control system, and the structure is simple and reliable, and the maintenance cost is low. At the same time, the setting of the limiting member ensures the sealing performance during the movement of the central cone assembly, effectively preventing gas leakage.

[0012] (3) Through the progressive adjustment of the central cone assembly, the present invention realizes the smooth transition of the cabin pressure during the start and stop of the ejector, significantly improves the reliability and safety of the altitude simulation test system, provides a more stable test environment for the altitude simulation test, and has important engineering application value. Brief description of the drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is the front view structural schematic diagram of the adaptive control device of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B in Figure 4 It is the structural schematic diagram of the fully unfolded state of the central cone assembly of the present invention; Figure 5Schematic structural diagram of the step-by-step stacking state of the central cone assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the fully stacked state of the central cone assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the positioning member in the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the fan assembly in the open state in the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the fan assembly in the retracted state in the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic structural diagram of the second coil spring in the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic structural diagram of the inclined groove in the present invention; Figure 12 Schematic structural diagram of the mounting member in the present invention; Figure 13 Flowchart of the control method of the adaptive control device of the present invention.

[0014] Explanation of reference numerals: Air flow pipeline 100, ejector 200, high-altitude cabin 300, drive device 400, mounting ring 410, mounting member 420, rotating shaft 430, fan assembly 440, fan central member 441, fan blade 442, inclined part 443, second coil spring 444, adjusting device 500, positioning member 510, positioning plate 511, hinge groove 512, receiving rod 513, telescopic rod 520, first coil spring 521, inclined groove 530, driving member 540, driving plate 541, driving head 542, central cone assembly 600, first central cone part 610, blocking plate 611, second central cone part 620, third central cone part 630, limiting member 640, limiting head 641, hinge joint 642, expansion member 643, air flow channel 650. Detailed implementation manners

[0015] The present invention aims to provide an adaptive control device and its control method for slowing down the cabin pressure change during the start and stop processes of ejector suction, which is used for adjusting the air flow area during the start and stop processes of the ejector in a high-altitude simulation test system to buffer the cabin pressure change and prevent high-temperature and high-pressure gas from flowing back into the high-altitude cabin. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] Embodiment 1: Adaptive control device As a specific example, the present invention provides an adaptive control device as shown in Figure 1 that can slow down the change of cabin pressure during the start and stop processes of ejector pumping. The adaptive control device at least includes the following components: An air flow pipeline 100, which extends axially as a whole and at least includes an intermediate straight section, and the diameters of both ends of the intermediate straight section gradually increase from inside to outside along the axis; An ejector 200, which is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the upstream end of the air flow pipeline 100 and communicates with the inner cavity of the air flow pipeline 100; A high-altitude cabin 300, which is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the downstream end of the air flow pipeline 100, and when the ejector 200 is started, the gas inside the high-altitude cabin 300 is pumped to the ejector 200 through the air flow pipeline 100; A driving device 400, which is installed inside the air flow pipeline 100 and adjusts the expansion and contraction and rotation direction of the driving device 400 according to the flow direction of the air flow; An adjusting device 500, which is connected to the driving device 400 and rotates under the drive of the driving device 400 to adjust the state of the adjusting device 500; A central cone assembly 600, which is fixed inside the intermediate straight section of the air flow pipeline 100 and connected to the adjusting device 500. The whole is in a laminated composite structure and is horizontally retracted or horizontally pushed out under the adjustment of the adjusting device 500. When horizontally retracted, the air flow passage area is increased, and when horizontally pushed out, the air flow passage area is reduced.

[0017] For the adaptive control device of the present invention, when the ejector 200 is started, the pumping air flow causes the driving device 400 to rotate, and the central cone assembly 600 is horizontally retracted through the adjusting device 500, gradually increasing the air flow passage area, which plays a buffering role for the suction force generated when the ejector 200 is started, so that the air pressure inside the high-altitude cabin 300 gradually decreases, thereby avoiding the instantaneous suction force inside the high-altitude cabin from generating a large acting force on the materials, equipment or brackets inside the cabin. At the same time, when the ejector 200 is closed, the driving device 400 rotates in the reverse direction, and the central cone assembly 600 is horizontally pushed out to block the air flow pipeline 100, avoiding the secondary acting force generated by the gas reflux on the materials, equipment or brackets inside the cabin.

[0018] In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 4 - 6 the central cone assembly 600 is in a laminated composite structure as a whole, including a number of central cone parts in a thin-walled rotary structure. Specifically: A first central cone part 610, which is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the intermediate straight section of the air flow pipeline 100, and its outer diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the intermediate straight section, constituting the fixed part of the central cone assembly; The second central cone part 620 has multiple levels, and all are connected to the adjusting device 500 and pass through the first central cone part 610; The third central cone part 630 passes through the second central cone part 620 and is connected to the adjusting device 500. When driven by the adjusting device 500, it sequentially pushes multiple second central cone parts 620 to move; And among them, Each level of the second central cone part 620 and the third central cone part 630 constitute the movable part of the central cone assembly 600, and relative movement can occur between the central cone parts; When the central cone assembly 600 is in a fully deployed state, its whole is spliced into a complete cone structure extending along the axis from the downstream end to the upstream end of the pipeline and blocks the air flow channel. The first central cone part 610 forms the base part of the cone, the third central cone part 630 forms the tip part of the cone, and the outer diameters of each level of the second central cone part 620 decrease in sequence and are spliced into the middle part of the cone; When the central cone assembly 600 is in a fully stacked state, the third central cone part 630 is pulled back concentrically into the internal space of the last-level second central cone part under the action of the adjusting device. Each level of the second central cone part 620 is pulled back concentrically into the internal space of the first central cone part 610 under the action of the adjusting device and the push of the third central cone part 630. The radial space between the first central cone part 610, each level of the second central cone part 620, and the third central cone part 630 forms the air flow channel 650.

[0019] Preferably, the central cone assembly 600 is further provided with a plurality of annular limiting members 640. Each limiting member 640 is fixedly connected to the second central cone part 620 and the third central cone part 630 respectively, and limits the movement range of the second central cone part 620 and the third central cone part 630. Specifically, the outer diameter of each limiting member 640 is respectively adapted to the inner wall diameter of the downstream end of its upstream-level central cone part to limit the axial movement range of each level of the second central cone part 620 and the third central cone part 630, and the inner wall of each limiting member 640 is connected to the end of the adjusting device 500 to realize the axial push and pull of each level of the second central cone part and the third central cone part. In addition, an annular blocking plate 611 is fixedly installed on the inner wall surface of the first central cone part 610 near its upstream end to block and support the limiting member of the first-level second central cone part 620 when the central cone assembly 600 is fully stacked, and limit its excessive movement in the upstream direction.

[0020] Further preferably, as Figure 2 shown, the limiting member 640 in the present invention includes: The limiting head 641 is integrally in a ring frustum structure. Its top is fixed at the bottom position of the upstream end of the second central cone part 620 or the third central cone part 630. Its tapered outer wall surface is adapted to the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream-stage central cone part. A number of hinge joints 642 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on its inner wall surface, and are in contact and sealed with the inner surface of the second central cone part 620 or the first central cone part 610 when the central cone assembly 600 is pushed out horizontally, and squeeze the adjusting device 500 when the central cone assembly 600 is pulled back horizontally; The hinge joint 642, multiple hinge joints 642 are provided and evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the limiting head 641, and are hinged to the adjusting device 500; The expansion member 643 is embedded inside the limiting head 641 and expands under the heating of high temperature. At the same time, the outside of the limiting head 641 can have a certain deformation ability, but the deformation ability is not large, so as to deform radially outward when the expansion member 643 expands, and realize close contact and sealing with the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream-stage central cone part.

[0021] In the limiting member 640 of the present invention, the setting of the limiting head 641 causes it to exert an external force on the adjusting device 500 after contacting the adjusting device 500, so that the adjusting device 500 drives each second central cone part 620 to move in turn until the second central cone part 620 is completely moved and the air flow channel 650 is fully opened; and when the air flow channel 650 is closed, the limiting head 641 will contact the second central cone part 620 and close the air flow channel 650. After the air flow channel 650 is closed, it drives the second central cone part 620 to move in turn to close the air flow channel 650 in turn; the setting of the hinge joint 642 is adaptively hinged to the adjusting device 500, and drives the second central cone part 620 to close or open the air flow channel 650 during the rotation of the adjusting device 500; the highest temperature of the altitude chamber 300 is lower than 120°, and the influence on the expansion member 643 under the diversion of the inclined surface of the central cone assembly 600 is minimized, and the deformation speed of the expansion member 643 will be reduced and become slow. When the air flow inside the channel flows back into the altitude chamber 300, the air flow first contacts the end face of the central cone assembly 600, and the expansion member 643 will expand rapidly, limit the position of the central cone assembly 600 and seal it. At the same time, the acting force of the air flow will also directly act on the central cone assembly 600, further improving the sealing effect. The expansion member 643 is preferably made of materials such as vermiculite, low-melting-point metal, hard PVC, polyvinylidene chloride, etc.

[0022] In the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 11 shown, the adjusting device 500 includes: A positioning member 510, the positioning member 510 is coaxially fixed to the center of the first central cone portion 610; The telescopic rod 520 has a head hinged to the outer edge of the positioning member 510, and a distal end hinged to the hinge joint 642 of each stopper in the central cone assembly, and drives the telescopic rod 520 to extend and retract when the central cone assembly 600 is horizontally pulled back or pushed out; and Figure 11 As shown, the head of the telescopic rod 520 is semicircular, and a plurality of inclined grooves 530 for cooperating with the driving member are evenly arranged along the semicircular, and the inclined grooves 530 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the head of the telescopic rod 520; The driving member 540 is transmission-connected to the power output end of the driving device 400 , and rotates along with the driving device 400 to drive the telescopic rod 520 to rotate.

[0023] In the adjustment device 500 of the present invention, the setting of the positioning member 510 can ensure the stability of the telescopic rod 520, limit the head position of the telescopic rod, and determine the rotation trajectory of the telescopic rod; the head of the telescopic rod 520 is separately set and can be sleeved inside the positioning member 510, and the telescopic rod 520 is fixed together by bolts to form a whole. At the same time, the third central cone part 630 and the second central cone part 620 are moved and adjusted in position by relying on the rotation of the telescopic rod 520, and the height of the third central cone part 630 and the second central cone part 620 are supported at the same time, and the telescopic rod 520 can also adjust the length by telescoping to adapt to the changes in the positions of the third central cone part 630 and the second central cone part 620.

[0024] Preferably, if Figure 3 As shown, the diameter of the head of the telescopic rod 520 hinged to the hinge head 642 on the third central cone part 630 is greater than the thickness of the positioning member 510, and the inclined groove 530 is opened at the head of the telescopic rod 520, and the first coil spring 521 is fixedly installed inside the telescopic rod 520. The first coil spring 521 can provide an external force for the resetting of the telescopic rod 520, so that the third central cone part 630 can quickly return to its original position when the airflow stops, so as to facilitate the extraction of the next airflow.

[0025] Preferably, in the regulating device 500 of the present invention, Figure 7 As shown, the positioning member 510 includes: A positioning plate 511, the positioning plate 511 is fixed at the center of the first central cone portion 610; A hinge groove 512 is provided on the outer side of the positioning plate 511 and is provided with a plurality of hinge grooves corresponding to the telescopic rods 520 one by one. The main shaft inside the hinge groove 512 is fixedly connected to the coil spring 521; The receiving rod 513 is fixed to the outside of the positioning plate 511 and fixedly connected to the inner surface of the first central cone portion 610; Wherein, both ends of the receiving rod 513 are integrally formed with the positioning plate 511 and the first central cone portion 610; the positioning plate 511 can be ensured to be stable; the setting of the hinge groove 512 can provide space for the installation of the telescopic rod 520 and position the rotation center of the telescopic rod 520.

[0026] Preferably, in the adjusting device 500 of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the driving member 540 includes: A driving plate 541, which is fixed to the outside of the driving device 400; A driving head 542, which is fixed to the right side of the driving plate 541 and is provided with a plurality of driving heads 542 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driving plate 541, and at least one driving head 542 is inserted into the inside of the inclined groove 530 and drives the telescopic rod 520 to rotate when rotating; Wherein, the driving plate 541 is fixed to the driving device 400, and when the driving device 400 rotates, the driving plate 541 rotates simultaneously, and drives the driving head 542 to rotate when rotating. Since the driving head 542 is inserted into the inside of the inclined groove 530, an external force will be applied to the inclined groove 530 during rotation, so that the inner wall of the inclined groove 530 drives the telescopic rod 520 to rotate.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present invention, the driving device 400 can rotate clockwise and counterclockwise according to different flow directions of the air flow, and drive the central cone assembly 600 to be horizontally retracted or horizontally pushed out when rotating. Specifically, as Figures 8 - 10 、 Figure 12 shown, the driving device 400 includes: An installation ring 410, which is fixed inside the air flow pipeline 100; An installation member 420, which is fixed inside the installation ring 410; A rotating shaft 430, which is rotatably installed on the left side of the positioning plate 511, sequentially passes through the driving plate 541 and the installation member 420, and drives the driving plate 541 to rotate when rotating; A fan assembly 440, which is fixed to the outside of the rotating shaft 430 and rotates under the action of the air flow; Wherein, the matching setting of the installation ring 410 and the installation member 420 can ensure the stability and height of the rotating shaft 430, so that the rotating shaft 430 can drive the normal rotation of the central cone assembly under the action of the fan assembly 440.

[0028] Preferably, as Figure 8 、 Figure 9 shown, the fan assembly 440 includes: The fan central member 441 is fixed outside the rotating shaft 430. The fan blades 442 are provided in plurality and are evenly distributed circumferentially along the fan central member 441 and rotate relative to the fan central member 441. The inclined part 443 is arranged on the fan blade 442 and generates a relative acting force with the air flow when the air flow passes through, and drives the fan blade 442 to adjust. The second volute spring 444, as Figure 10 shown, the second volute spring 444 is arranged at the connection between the fan central member 441 and the fan blade 442, and both ends are fixedly connected to the fan central member and the fan blade respectively. Among them, the suction force generated when the ejector 200 starts acts on the fan blade 442, causing the fan blade 442 to rotate under the action of the air flow, and driving the central cone part to be pulled back horizontally. As the central cone assembly 600 is pulled back horizontally and the flow area increases, the air flow gradually increases. When the central cone assembly 600 is fully opened, the axial limit of the central cone assembly 600 will limit the rotation of the fan central member 411. Under the action of the air flow, the fan blade 442 rotates relative to the fan central member 441, causing the fan blade 442 to rotate to a horizontal state so that the air flow can pass through normally. When the gas flows back, an external force will be applied to the inclined part 443, causing the fan central member 441 to rotate to the initial state, and rotating to drive the central cone assembly 600 to close all the flow channels.

[0029] In summary, the adaptive control device provided in Embodiment 1 realizes the buffering of the cabin pressure change during the start-stop process of the ejector through the dynamic adjustment of the central cone assembly, avoids the impact of sudden pressure changes on the equipment in the cabin, and effectively prevents the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from flowing back into the high-altitude cabin. This device has a compact structure, fast response, and does not require an additional power source, has high adaptability and engineering application value, and can be widely applied to the high-altitude simulation test system to improve the stability and safety of the test.

[0030] Embodiment 2: Control method Based on the above Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 further provides a control method for the above adaptive control device that can slow down the cabin pressure change during the start-stop process of the ejector suction. As Figure 13 shown, and further combined with Figures 4 - 6 , when this control method is implemented, it includes the following steps: SS1. Start the ejector to form a negative pressure environment: Start the ejector 200. The pressure inside the ejector 200 drops instantaneously to -0.095 Mpa. At this time, the central cone assembly 600 is not opened, the pressure inside the high-altitude chamber 300 is about 0.1 Mpa, and the pressure at the central cone assembly 600 is the same as that in the high-altitude chamber 300, which is 0.1 Mpa. SS2. Gradually pull back the central cone assembly. Buffer chamber pressure drop rate: Start the central cone assembly 600. The local structure of the central cone assembly 600 overlaps and is pulled back horizontally. The air flow channel 650 at the central cone assembly 600 gradually enlarges, causing the pressure of the gas in the high-altitude chamber 300 to gradually decrease when passing through. At this time, the pressure of the ejector 200 < the pressure at the central cone assembly 600 < the pressure inside the high-altitude chamber 300, causing the pressure inside the high-altitude chamber 300 to be gradually extracted and reduced, rather than instantaneously dropping from 0.1 Mpa to -0.095 Mpa. SS3. Maintain a stable working state: Fully open the central cone assembly 600. The air flow channel 650 is opened to the maximum, and the pressure inside the high-altitude chamber 300 begins to drop to -0.095 Mpa. SS4 The ejector is closed, triggering the central cone assembly to return to its original position: Close the ejector 200. The pressure at the ejector 200 quickly returns to 0.1 Mpa. The air flow in the air flow pipeline 100 will surge back into the high-altitude chamber 300. At this time, the air flow will push the central cone assembly 600 to close quickly, increasing the pressure at the central cone assembly 600. At the same time, the pressure inside the high-altitude chamber 300 gradually returns to the atmospheric pressure of 0.1 Mpa.

[0031] In summary, the control method provided in this Embodiment 2 relies on the adaptive regulation device and realizes the regulation of the cabin pressure change during the start and stop of the ejector through the dynamic adjustment of the central cone assembly. This method can effectively buffer the sudden pressure drop, prevent the air flow from surging back, and improve the stability and safety of the test environment. Combined with the device structure of the present invention, this method is applicable to high-altitude simulation tests, can ensure the reliability of test data, enhance the adaptability and operation efficiency of the system, and provides an efficient and stable solution for the pressure regulation of the high-altitude chamber.

[0032] Embodiment 3: Working principle To further clarify the operating mechanism of the adaptive regulation device and its control method of the present invention, this Embodiment 3 details its working principle. This device relies on the linkage of the fan assembly, the drive device, and the central cone assembly to realize the dynamic adjustment of the air flow channel during the start and stop of the ejector, so as to buffer the cabin pressure change and prevent the air flow from surging back. The following combines the specific structure and working process to detail the operating mode of the present invention to ensure its stability and reliability in high-altitude simulation tests: During use, the ejector 200 is activated, and the pressure inside it instantaneously drops to -0.095 Mpa. Driven by the airflow, the fan central member 441 rotates. Due to the relatively large stress of the second coil spring 444, the fan central member 441 drives the rotating shaft 430 to rotate, causing the rotating shaft 430 to drive the drive plate 541 and the drive head 542 to rotate. While the drive head 542 rotates, it drives the telescopic rod 520 hinged to the third central cone part 630 to rotate, and while rotating, it drives the third central cone part 630 to move towards the first central cone part 610, and opens the air flow channel 650. When the limiting member 640 contacts the front telescopic rod 520, it will push the telescopic rod 520 to rotate, causing the telescopic rod 520 to drive the second central cone part 620 to move, so that the second central cone part 620 moves to open the air flow channel 650, and at the same time drives the next second central cone part 620 during the movement until the leftmost second central cone part 620 contacts the limiting member 640, completely opening the air flow channel 650 and restricting the rotation of the drive head 542, causing the fan central member 441 to stop rotating. At this time, the fan blades 442 will rotate relative to the fan central member 441 under the action of the airflow, and drive the second coil spring 444 to rotate while rotating, and at the same time reduce the obstruction to the airflow; When the ejector 200 is closed, the pressure at the ejector 200 quickly returns to 0.1 Mpa, and the airflow in the airflow pipeline 100 will flow back into the interior of the high-altitude cabin 300. During the flow of the airflow, a thrust will be applied to the inclined part 443, and under the action of the second coil spring 444, the fan blades 442 will quickly open and rotate in the reverse direction under the action of the airflow, causing the telescopic rod 520 to rotate clockwise, and driving the third central cone part 630 to move away from the first central cone part 610. The limiting head 641 on the third central cone part 630 contacts the inner surface of the second central cone part 620, and closes the air flow channel 650. At the same time, it drives the second central cone part 620 to move away from the first central cone part 610 until the limiting head 641 on the leftmost second central cone part 620 contacts the inner surface of the first central cone part 610, completely closing the air flow channel 650, and gradually restoring the pressure inside the high-altitude cabin 300 to the atmospheric pressure of 0.1 Mpa.

[0033] In summary, this Embodiment 3 elaborates in detail the working principle of the present invention. By driving the adjustment device with the fan assembly, the central cone assembly dynamically adjusts the air flow channel during the start and stop of the ejector, realizing cabin pressure buffering and reflux inhibition. The present invention can adaptively regulate the air flow without an additional power source, improving the stability and safety of high-altitude simulation tests.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive control device capable of slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejection suction, comprising an airflow duct, an ejector, a high-altitude cabin, a driving device, a regulating device and a central cone assembly, characterized in that: The airflow duct as a whole extends axially, and includes at least one intermediate straight section, and the diameters of both ends thereof gradually increase from the inside to the outside along the axial direction, and the upstream end thereof is coaxially connected to the ejector, and the downstream end thereof is coaxially connected to the high-altitude cabin; The driving device, the adjusting device, and the center cone assembly are all arranged in the middle straight section, wherein: the driving device is coaxially fixedly installed at the center of the middle straight section, and adjusts its expansion and contraction and rotation direction according to the different flow directions of the airflow; the adjusting device is transmission-connected to the power output end of the driving device, and adjusts its own inclination state under the actuation of the driving device; the center cone assembly is an overall stacked combination structure, and its active part is connected to the end of the adjusting device, and is horizontally pulled back or pushed out along the axial direction under the actuation of the adjusting device. When pulled back horizontally, it shrinks in layers in sequence to increase the airflow flow area, and when pushed out horizontally, it expands in layers in sequence to reduce the airflow flow area.

2. The adaptive control device capable of slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejection and suction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central cone assembly comprises a first central cone part, a plurality of second central cone parts and a third central cone part, each central cone part is a thin-walled rotating structure, the outer diameter of the first central cone part is matched with the inner diameter of the middle straight section, and is coaxially fixed on the inner wall of the middle straight section, each second central cone part and the third central cone part constitute the active part of the central cone assembly and are connected to the adjustment device; when the central cone assembly is in a fully expanded state, the whole is spliced ​​to form a cone structure extending from the downstream end of the pipeline to the upstream end along the axis and blocks the airflow channel, the first central cone part forms the base part of the cone, the third central cone part forms the cone tip part of the cone, and the outer diameters of the second central cone parts of each stage are reduced in sequence and spliced ​​to form the middle part of the cone; when the central cone assembly is in a fully stacked state, the third central cone part is pulled back to the inner space of the second central cone part of the last stage, each second central cone part is pulled back to the inner space of the first central cone part, and the radial space between each central cone part forms the airflow channel.

3. The adaptive control device capable of slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejection and suction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The central cone assembly is also provided with a plurality of annular limit members, and the bottom positions of the upstream ends of the second central cone parts and the third central cone parts of each stage are respectively fixedly connected with one of the limit members, and the outer diameter of each limit member is respectively adapted to the inner wall diameter of the downstream end of the central cone part of its upstream stage, and the inner wall of each limit member is connected to the end of the adjusting device; an annular blocking plate is fixed on the inner wall of the first central cone part adjacent to its upstream end, so as to block and support the limit member of the second central cone part of the first stage when the central cone assembly is fully stacked, and limit its excessive movement toward the upstream end.

4. The adaptive control device capable of slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejection and suction according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The limit member includes at least one limit head and several hinged joints. The limit head is an annular frustum structure as a whole, and its top is fixed at the bottom position of the upstream end of the central cone part. Its conical outer wall surface is adapted to the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream central cone part. Several hinged joints are evenly distributed on its inner wall surface along the circumferential direction. Each hinged joint is hinged to the end of an adjusting device respectively, and when the central cone assembly is pushed out horizontally, the outer wall surface of the limit head is in contact and sealed with the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream central cone part, and the adjusting device is compressed when the central cone assembly is pulled back horizontally.

5. The adaptive control device capable of slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejection and suction according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The limit member is also provided with an annular expansion member, which is embedded in the interior of the limit head and expands under high-temperature heating. The outer wall of the limit member has deformation ability so that it can deform radially outward when the expansion member expands, thereby achieving close contact and sealing with the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream stage center cone.

6. The adaptive control device capable of slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejection and suction according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The adjustment device includes a positioning member, a plurality of telescopic rods and a driving member, wherein: the positioning member is coaxially fixedly arranged at the central part of the first central cone; the head of each telescopic rod is hinged to the outer edge of the positioning member, and the head of the telescopic rod is semicircular, and a plurality of inclined grooves for cooperating with the driving member are evenly distributed along the semicircular, and the ends of the telescopic rods are hinged to the hinge joints of each limit member in the central cone assembly one by one; the driving member is transmission-connected to the power output end of the driving device, and actuates on the inclined grooves of the heads of each telescopic rod, and drives the heads of each telescopic rod to rotate under the rotation drive of the driving device to adjust the tilt state.

7. The adaptive control device capable of slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejection and suction according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The positioning member includes a positioning plate and a plurality of receiving rods. The positioning plate is arranged at the central part of the first central cone part, and a plurality of receiving rods are fixed to the outer edge thereof along the circumferential direction. The end of each receiving rod is fixed to the inner wall surface of the first central cone part, and a plurality of hinge grooves are also provided on the outer edge of the positioning plate. A connecting shaft is provided in each hinge groove and corresponds to the head of a telescopic rod hinged thereto.

8. The adaptive control device capable of slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejection and suction according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The telescopic rod is hinged to the third central cone part, and its head diameter is larger than the thickness of the positioning plate in the positioning piece, and a first coil spring is provided between its head connecting hole and the connecting shaft in the corresponding hinge groove. The first coil spring is used to provide a restoring force to the telescopic rod, so that the third central cone part can be quickly restored to its original position when the airflow stops.

9. The adaptive control device capable of slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejection and suction according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The driving member includes at least one driving plate and multiple driving heads, wherein: the driving plate is coaxially fixedly arranged at the power output end of the driving device, and its outer end surface is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction with multiple columnar driving heads that cooperate with the inclined grooves of the telescopic rod head for actuation, and when actuated, each driving head is inserted into the interior of the inclined groove one by one to drive the corresponding telescopic rod to rotate.

10. The adaptive control device capable of slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the start-stop process of ejection and suction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The driving device includes at least a rotating shaft and a fan assembly coaxially fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft. The end of the rotating shaft forms a power output end of the driving device and is fixedly connected to a driving plate of a driving member in the adjusting device. The fan assembly includes a plurality of fan blades uniformly distributed along the circumference and rotates under the action of airflow.

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