Fastener fatigue test tool and use method

Abstract

The invention provides a fastener fatigue test tool and a using method, the fastener fatigue test tool comprises a base, a sliding plate and a distance adjusting block, the base is installed on a table top of a testing machine, the sliding plate is obliquely installed on the base and can move on the base, and the sliding plate is provided with multiple types of fixing holes used for being matched with different types of fasteners. The distance adjusting block is used for adjusting the position of the sliding plate on the base in the front-back direction; according to the invention, the sliding plate is provided with multiple types of fixing holes which can be matched with different types of fasteners, the application range is wide, the center position or the stress point of the fastener can be consistent with the loading head and the load center line of the testing machine by adjusting the distance adjusting block and the distance adjusting piece, the adjusting capability is strong, the testing accuracy is improved, and the testing efficiency is improved. The test tool is simple in overall structure, flexible to use and high in error correction performance, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the test efficiency and accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of track fastener test equipment, and more particularly, to a fastener fatigue test tooling and its use method. Background Art

[0002] As of the end of 2024, the operating mileage of urban rail transit in China exceeded 10,000 kilometers, and the railway operating mileage was 160,000 kilometers, including 47,000 kilometers of high-speed rail. At the same time, cross-border railways are also continuously advancing in depth. The rapid development of rail transit not only shortens the time and space distance at home and abroad, but also drives the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure. It is not only a shining business card of "China's equipment manufacturing", but also a typical representative of the innovation-driven and green development of China's manufacturing industry. In rail transit, fasteners are an important structural component. Their main function is to fix the rail on the sleeper, maintain a constant gauge, and prevent the rail from moving longitudinally and laterally when a train passes. In addition, for vibration reduction sections, specially designed fasteners must ensure driving safety while performing the functions of vibration reduction and noise reduction. Therefore, it is required that fasteners must have sufficient strength, durability, and a certain degree of elasticity to effectively maintain the reliable connection between the rail and the sleeper for a long time, prevent the rail from moving relative to the sleeper, and fully exert its buffering and vibration reduction performance under dynamic action, delaying the accumulation of track residual deformation. Given the complexity of the fastener structure and the strict requirements, fasteners must undergo fatigue tests before being put into use and can only be used after passing the tests.

[0003] In standards TB / T3396.4 - 2015 and BSEN13146 - 4.2020, the fatigue performance test methods for fasteners are divided into two types: single-rail and alternative test methods. The single-rail test method is to fix the fastener and a single rail at one end of the sleeper or half of the sleeper, and can be further divided into two methods: single-rail single-fastener and single-rail double-fastener. The former is to fix a short rail with a length of 0.5m on the rail supporting surface of the sleeper using a fastener, and load it according to the attached Figure 1 loading method. The latter fixes both ends of a rail with a length of about 1m on the rail supporting surfaces of sleeper A and sleeper B using the same type of fastener respectively, as shown in the attached Figure 2 . After installation, a fatigue test can be carried out.

[0004] The alternative test methods include two ways: double-rail double-fastener and double-rail four-fastener. These two test methods determine that the forms of the fatigue test tooling are different. For the alternative test methods, not only does the workload increase, but the test difficulty also increases.

[0005] CN216899586U discloses a 26°-35° adjustable fastener monorail fatigue test device. This tooling includes a base and a fastener support part. The fastener support part consists of a bottom plate and a mounting plate rotatably connected to the outer wall of the top of the bottom plate. The outer wall of the bottom of the mounting plate and the outer wall of the top of the bottom plate are rotatably connected by the same shrinkage part through a rotating shaft. Two groups of grooves are arranged on the outer wall of the top of the mounting plate. The inner walls of the grooves are slidably connected with clamping seats through sliding blocks. One side inner wall of the groove is rotatably connected with an adjusting column, and the outer wall of the adjusting column is arranged in the inner wall of the sliding block. One side outer wall of one group of clamping seats is rotatably connected with a baffle plate, and a clamping groove is arranged on the outer wall of one side of the baffle plate. This invention is convenient for angle adjustment according to different types of fasteners, without the need to adjust the angle of the loading part again, and is relatively flexible to use. This test tooling is designed for the loading method of single (double) fasteners of a single rail in Attachment Figure 1 ~Attachment Figure 2 The tooling designed for the loading method of single (double) fasteners of a single rail in the attachment has the following main disadvantages: The boundary of the specimen part is fixed by a clamping method, which does not conform to the requirements of the experimental standard method; The adjustment ability is limited when the loading point at the center of the specimen is inconsistent with the loading head of the testing machine; The fastener nail hole distance is single, and different fasteners require different toolings to be designed. At the same time, only the clamping method is used for fixation. Once the loading point and the center of the specimen are eccentric, it is easy to cause the specimen to move and even be damaged; The angle adjustment method of the shrinkage part is not disclosed, and only a single support method is used. Once the loading point and the center of the specimen are eccentric, it is easy to cause the tooling to be damaged and is also easy to be damaged under the long-term action of large loads. At the same time, it also makes its angle deviate from the test standard requirements; This device includes a part of the testing machine, which is expensive and makes the structure of the test tooling more complex. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a fastener fatigue test tooling and a using method to solve the problems of complex test devices in the prior art, the need to design different toolings for different fasteners, limited adjustment ability when the loading point at the center of the specimen is inconsistent with the loading head of the testing machine, easy damage to the tooling, and complex overall structure.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0008] A fastener fatigue test tooling includes a base, a sliding plate and an adjusting block. The base is installed on the tabletop of the testing machine. The sliding plate is inclined and installed on the base and can move on the base. A variety of types of fixing holes are arranged on the sliding plate to match different types of fasteners, so that the fasteners can be detachably installed on the sliding plate. The adjusting block is used to adjust the position of the sliding plate in the front and back directions on the base.

[0009] Further, the base includes a support plate, a rib plate, and a bottom plate that are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The rib plate is connected to the bottom plate and the support plate respectively. The upper side wall of the rib plate is inclined, so that the angle between the support plate and the bottom plate is α, where 30° ≥ α ≥ 20°;

[0010] A side baffle is provided on the upper surface of the support plate. The front side wall of the side baffle is connected to the upper surface of the support plate through a reinforcing rib;

[0011] The base further includes a panel. The front ends of the bottom plate, the rib plate, and the support plate are respectively connected to the panel.

[0012] Further, the side baffle is provided with a distance adjustment hole. The distance adjustment hole cooperates with a distance adjustment member to change the position of the distance adjustment block, thereby adjusting the position of the sliding plate in the front-rear direction on the support plate.

[0013] Further, the support plate is provided with a position adjustment hole, and the sliding plate is provided with a mounting hole. The position adjustment hole and the mounting hole are connected through a connecting member to connect and fix the sliding plate to the support plate, and the connecting member can move in the position adjustment hole in the front-rear direction to adjust the position of the sliding plate in the front-rear direction.

[0014] Further, the position adjustment hole includes a first position adjustment hole, a second position adjustment hole, a third position adjustment hole, and a fourth position adjustment hole. The first position adjustment hole and the second position adjustment hole are located on the left side of the support plate, and the third position adjustment hole and the fourth position adjustment hole are located on the right side of the support plate. The right side of the support plate is symmetrically arranged with the left side.

[0015] Further, the reinforcing rib includes a first reinforcing rib, a second reinforcing rib, and a third reinforcing rib that are arranged at equal intervals in sequence;

[0016] The distance adjustment hole includes a first distance adjustment hole and a second distance adjustment hole. The first distance adjustment hole is located between the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib, and the second distance adjustment hole is located between the second reinforcing rib and the third reinforcing rib.

[0017] Further, the rib plate includes a first rib plate and a second rib plate. The first rib plate is located on the left side of the bottom plate, and the second rib plate is located on the right side of the bottom plate. The first rib plate and the second rib plate are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate;

[0018] A first through hole, a second through hole, and a third through hole are arranged in sequence from front to back on the left side of the first rib plate. A fourth through hole, a fifth through hole, and a sixth through hole are arranged in sequence from front to back on the right side of the second rib plate;

[0019] The first through hole, the third through hole, the fourth through hole, and the sixth through hole have the same structure, and the second through hole and the fifth through hole have the same structure;

[0020] The first through hole, the third through hole, the fourth through hole, and the sixth through hole are respectively fixedly connected to the T-shaped grooves on the test machine table through connecting members. Alternatively, the second through hole and the fifth through hole are respectively fixedly connected to the T-shaped grooves on the test machine table through connecting members for fixedly connecting the bottom plate to the test machine.

[0021] The right side and the left side of the bottom plate are symmetrically arranged.

[0022] Furthermore, the rib plates are perpendicularly welded to the bottom plate and the support plate respectively, the panel is welded to the bottom plate, the rib plates, and the support plate respectively, and the reinforcing ribs are perpendicularly welded to the support plate and the side baffle respectively.

[0023] Furthermore, the adjustment holes, the second through hole, and the fifth through hole are arranged as rectangular holes.

[0024] The present application also provides a method for using a fastener fatigue test tooling for the aforementioned fastener fatigue test tooling, including the following steps:

[0025] S1: According to the type of the fastener, select the corresponding fixing holes on the sliding plate, and then use the connecting members to cooperate with the fixing holes to fix the fastener on the sliding plate, and enter S2;

[0026] S2: Place the base on the table of the test machine, and place the distance adjusting block and the sliding plate on the support plate respectively, and enter S3;

[0027] S3: Adjust the base so that the first through hole, the third through hole, the fourth through hole, and the sixth through hole respectively correspond to the T-shaped grooves on the test machine table. Alternatively, make the second through hole and the fifth through hole respectively correspond to the T-shaped grooves on the test machine table, and enter S4;

[0028] S4: By adjusting the distance adjusting member, adjust the position of the sliding plate in the front-rear direction so that the center position or the stress point of the fastener is aligned with the loading head and the load center line of the test machine, and enter S5;

[0029] S5: The base and the test machine table, and the sliding plate and the support plate are respectively fixedly connected through connecting members, and enter S6;

[0030] S6: Set the parameters of the test machine and conduct the test.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the fastener fatigue test tooling and the using method thereof of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0032] 1) There is no need to design a separate tooling for each type of fastener, and it can match different types of fasteners, with a wider application range, reducing the manufacturing and design costs;

[0033] 2) By adjusting the position of the base relative to the T-slot and regulating the distance-adjusting block and the distance-adjusting member, the central position or the stress point of the fastener can be made to coincide with the loading head of the testing machine and the load center line, with strong adjusting ability and improved test accuracy.

[0034] 3) The overall structure is simple, flexible to use, easy to operate, with strong error correction ability, and improved test efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the single-rail single-fastener test method in the background technology;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the single-rail double-fastener test method in the background technology;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fastener fatigue test tooling according to the embodiment of the present invention installed on the testing machine;

[0038] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the base in

[0039] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 a schematic structural diagram of the bottom plate in

[0040] Figure 6 It is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the sliding plate in

[0041] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0042] 1. Base; 2. Sliding plate; 20. Mounting hole; 21. Fixing hole; 3. Distance-adjusting block; 4. Support plate; 40. Position-adjusting hole; 401. First position-adjusting hole; 402. Second position-adjusting hole; 403. Third position-adjusting hole; 404. Fourth position-adjusting hole; 5. Rib plate; 6. Bottom plate; 601. First through hole; 602. Second through hole; 603. Third through hole; 604. Fourth through hole; 605. Fifth through hole; 606. Sixth through hole; 7. Side baffle; 70. Distance-adjusting hole; 701. First distance-adjusting hole; 702. Second distance-adjusting hole; 71. Distance-adjusting member; 8. Reinforcing rib; 81. First reinforcing rib; 82. Second reinforcing rib; 83. Third reinforcing rib; 9. Panel; 100. Testing machine; 101. T-slot; 200. Fastener. Detailed Embodiments

[0043] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the drawings.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] As Figure 3 - 6As shown in the figure, a fatigue test tooling for a fastener 200 includes a base 1, a sliding plate 2, and a distance adjusting block 3. The base 1 is installed on the tabletop of a testing machine 100. The sliding plate 2 is inclinedly installed on the base 1 and can move on the base 1. A variety of types of fixing holes 21 are provided on the sliding plate 2 for matching different types of fasteners 200, so that the fastener 200 can be detachably installed on the sliding plate 2. The distance adjusting block 3 is used to adjust the position of the sliding plate 2 in the front-back direction on the base 1.

[0046] In this application, a variety of types of fixing holes 21 are provided on the sliding plate 2, which can match different types of fasteners 200. Rails are installed on the fasteners 200. Compared with the situation in the prior art where the nail hole distances of the fasteners 200 are single and different fasteners 200 require different toolings to be designed, the test tooling described in this application does not need to design a separate tooling for each type of fastener 200, has a wider application range, and reduces the manufacturing and design costs. At the same time, when the center position or the stress point of the fastener 200 is inconsistent with the loading head and the load center line of the testing machine 100, the position of the base 1 relative to the T-shaped groove can be adjusted, and / or the distance adjusting block 3 can be adjusted for precise adjustment, solving the problem of limited adjustment ability when the loading point of the specimen center is inconsistent with the loading head of the testing machine in the prior art, improving the test efficiency and accuracy, and the overall structure of the test tooling in this application is simple, flexible to use, and has strong error correction ability.

[0047] Preferably, the fastener 200 and the sliding plate 2 are connected together by bolts and nuts. The fixing holes 21 are set in the form of counterbores for completely burying the bolts into the sliding plate 2.

[0048] Preferably, the sliding plate 2 is a metal plate with a certain thickness and high strength, ensuring that even if a large number of fixing holes 21 are provided on the sliding plate 2, it will not cause a decrease in the stiffness or strength of the sliding plate 2, resulting in its damage during the test.

[0049] As a preferred example of this application, the base 1 includes a support plate 4, a rib plate 5, and a bottom plate 6 connected in sequence from top to bottom. The rib plate 5 is respectively connected to the bottom plate 6 and the support plate 4. The upper side wall of the rib plate 5 is inclined, so that the angle between the support plate 4 and the bottom plate 6 is α, and 30°≥α≥20°;

[0050] A side baffle 7 is provided on the upper surface of the support plate 4. The front side wall of the side baffle 7 is connected to the upper surface of the support plate 4 by a reinforcing rib 8;

[0051] The base 1 further includes a panel 9. The front ends of the bottom plate 6, the rib plate 5, and the support plate 4 are respectively connected to the panel 9.

[0052] Specifically, this setting can improve the overall strength of the base 1, ensuring that the base 1 will not easily deform or be damaged during the test, providing a solid and stable foundation for the entire test tooling. During the test, it can make the forces on components such as the fastener 200 and the sliding plate 2 more reasonable, reduce stress concentration, extend the service life of the test tooling, and improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0053] The side baffle 7 is connected to the support plate 4 through the reinforcing rib 8. The reinforcing rib 8 enhances the strength of the connection part between the side baffle 7 and the support plate 4. During the test, it can better withstand the forces transmitted from the sliding plate 2 and the fastener 200, prevent this part from deforming due to excessive force, and ensure the structural stability of the entire tooling.

[0054] Preferably, the side baffle 7 is arranged on the side close to the panel 9.

[0055] Preferably, α = 26°.

[0056] Preferably, the rib plate 5 is a steel plate with high stiffness, which can ensure that the fatigue test tooling of the fastener 200 will not deform or be damaged during the test.

[0057] Preferably, the support plate 4 is a rectangular steel plate.

[0058] Preferably, the distance adjusting member 71 is a distance adjusting bolt. The distance adjusting holes 70 are divided into two types. In the first design, there is no thread in the distance adjusting hole 70, and a nut is provided at the front end of the distance adjusting hole 70. The distance adjusting bolt passes through the nut and the distance adjusting hole 70 in sequence. In the second design, there is a thread in the distance adjusting hole 70, and the distance adjusting bolt directly cooperates with the distance adjusting hole 70. With these two design methods, by rotating the distance adjusting bolt, the length of the distance adjusting bolt behind the side baffle 7 can be adjusted. By using the distance adjusting bolt to abut against the distance adjusting block 3, the position of the distance adjusting block 3 in the front-back direction can be changed, so as to make the distance adjusting block 3 push the sliding plate 2 to move and adjust the position of the sliding plate 2 on the support plate 4.

[0059] As a preferred example of the present application, the side baffle 7 is provided with distance adjusting holes 70, and the distance adjusting holes 70 cooperate with the distance adjusting members 71 to change the position of the distance adjusting block 3, and further adjust the position of the sliding plate 2 in the front-back direction on the support plate 4.

[0060] Specifically, different fasteners 200 have different requirements for positions during the test. This setting enables the tooling to adapt to various types of fasteners 200. There is no need to redesign the tooling structure for different fasteners 200. By simply adjusting the distance adjusting member 71, the position of the sliding plate 2 can be changed, so as to meet the test requirements of different fasteners 200, improve the versatility and applicability of the tooling, and reduce the test cost.

[0061] On the other hand, this operation is relatively simple. During the experiment, technicians can quickly adjust the distance adjusting member 71 according to the actual situation, thereby changing the position of the sliding plate 2. The adjustment method is highly flexible and can be finely adjusted at any time according to the experimental requirements, making the experimental process smoother.

[0062] As a preferred example of the present application, the support plate 4 is provided with an adjustment hole 40, and the sliding plate 2 is provided with a mounting hole 20. The adjustment hole 40 and the mounting hole 20 are connected by a connecting member in a matching manner to fixedly connect the sliding plate 2 and the support plate 4 together, and the connecting member can move in the adjustment hole 40 in the front-back direction to adjust the position of the sliding plate 2 in the front-back direction.

[0063] Specifically, the installation dimensions and test requirements of different fasteners 200 are different. This setting allows the sliding plate 2 to be flexibly adjusted within a certain range to adapt to a variety of fasteners 200, eliminating the need to customize test fixtures for each type of fastener 200, reducing costs, improving the versatility of the test fixture, and making the installation process between the sliding plate 2 and the support plate 4 more convenient. After the test, it is also easy to disassemble, improving work efficiency.

[0064] Preferably, the sliding plate 2 is a rectangular plate, and the mounting holes 20 include a first mounting hole 201, a second mounting hole 202, a third mounting hole 203, and a fourth mounting hole 204, which are respectively located near the four corners of the sliding plate 2.

[0065] As a preferred example of the present application, the adjustment holes 40 include a first adjustment hole 401, a second adjustment hole 402, a third adjustment hole 403, and a fourth adjustment hole 404. The first adjustment hole 401 and the second adjustment hole 402 are located on the left side of the support plate 4, and the third adjustment hole 403 and the fourth adjustment hole 404 are located on the right side of the support plate 4. The right side of the support plate 4 is symmetrically arranged with the left side.

[0066] Specifically, this setting makes the connection force of the sliding plate 2 on the support plate 4 more uniform, avoiding tilting or shaking of the sliding plate 2 caused by uneven force. During the experiment, even under large loads and vibrations, the stability of the test fixture structure can be ensured.

[0067] As a preferred example of the present application, the reinforcing rib 8 includes a first reinforcing rib 81, a second reinforcing rib 82, and a third reinforcing rib 83 that are sequentially arranged at equal intervals;

[0068] The distance adjustment holes 70 include a first distance adjustment hole 701 and a second distance adjustment hole 702. The first distance adjustment hole 701 is located between the first reinforcing rib 81 and the second reinforcing rib 82, and the second distance adjustment hole 702 is located between the second reinforcing rib 82 and the third reinforcing rib 83.

[0069] Specifically, this setting can effectively enhance the structural strength of the connection part between the side baffle 7 and the support plate 4, improving the overall strength of the test tooling. By arranging the first distance-adjusting holes 701 and the second distance-adjusting holes 702 between the reinforcing ribs respectively, the space is reasonably utilized without affecting the structural strength of the reinforcing ribs. When adjusting the position of the sliding plate 2 through the distance-adjusting holes 70 and the distance-adjusting parts 71, the adjustment error caused by structural deformation can be reduced.

[0070] Preferably, two adjusting bolts are also provided accordingly. During the adjustment process, the number of rotations and the rotation angles of the adjusting bolts at the two distance-adjusting holes 70 should be kept synchronized to ensure that the lengths of the two adjusting bolts extending to the rear side of the side baffle 7 are the same.

[0071] As a preferred example of the present application, the rib plate 5 includes a first rib plate and a second rib plate. The first rib plate is located at the left side of the bottom plate 6, and the second rib plate is located at the right side of the bottom plate 6. Moreover, the first rib plate and the second rib plate are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate 6.

[0072] On the left side of the first rib plate, there are successively arranged a first through hole 601, a second through hole 602, and a third through hole 603 from front to back. On the right side of the second rib plate, there are successively arranged a fourth through hole 604, a fifth through hole 605, and a sixth through hole 606 from front to back.

[0073] The first through hole 601, the third through hole 603, the fourth through hole 604, and the sixth through hole 606 have the same structure, and the second through hole 602 and the fifth through hole 605 have the same structure.

[0074] The first through hole 601, the third through hole 603, the fourth through hole 604, and the sixth through hole 606 are respectively connected and fixed to the T-shaped grooves 101 on the tabletop of the testing machine 100 through connecting parts. Alternatively, the second through hole 602 and the fifth through hole 605 are respectively connected and fixed to the T-shaped grooves 101 on the tabletop of the testing machine 100 through connecting parts for the connection and fixation between the bottom plate 6 and the testing machine 100.

[0075] The right side part of the bottom plate 6 is symmetrically arranged with the left side part.

[0076] Specifically, the first through hole 601, the third through hole 603, the fourth through hole 604 and the sixth through hole 606 can be respectively connected to the T-slot 101, or the second through hole 602 and the fifth through hole 605 can be connected to the T-slot 101. Different connection methods can be flexibly selected according to the specific conditions of the test machine, the test requirements and the installation space of the tooling, thereby improving the adaptability of the tooling to different test machines; the first rib plate and the second rib plate are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom plate 6, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength of the test tooling, and the symmetrical structure enables the tooling to evenly distribute the force to the entire base when it is under load, thereby avoiding local stress concentration, reducing the risk of tooling damage and extending the service life of the tooling.

[0077] The right side and the left side of the bottom plate 6 are symmetrically arranged, which facilitates the use of standardized production processes and molds during the manufacturing process, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing production costs. At the same time, the symmetrical structure is also convenient for installation and debugging.

[0078] Preferably, the first through hole 601 , the third through hole 603 , the fourth through hole 604 and the sixth through hole 606 are configured as round holes.

[0079] Preferably, there are multiple second through holes 602 and fifth through holes 605. Multiple through holes provide more connection options. When installing the tooling, according to the specific position of the T-slot 101 on the test machine table, the placement angle of the test tooling and other actual conditions, the appropriate through holes can be flexibly selected for connection, thereby reducing the difficulty of installation and improving the installation efficiency. At the same time, when some through holes are damaged or cannot be used due to special circumstances, there are other through holes to choose from, which does not affect the normal installation and use of the tooling.

[0080] Preferably, the connecting member is a bolt, and the bottom plate 6 and the testing machine 100 are fixedly connected by the bolts cooperating with the T-block in the T-slot 101 .

[0081] As a preferred example of the present application, the ribs 5 are vertically welded to the bottom plate 6 and the support plate 4 respectively, the panel 9 is vertically welded to the bottom plate 6, the ribs 5 and the support plate 4 respectively, and the reinforcing ribs 8 are vertically welded to the support plate 4 and the side baffle 7 respectively.

[0082] Specifically, the overall structure formed by welding has high strength and reliability, and can withstand long-term fatigue tests with large loads. During the test, the force can be more effectively transmitted and dispersed between the components.

[0083] Vertical welding can enhance the strength of the connection and reduce the risk of deformation or breakage of the connection when subjected to stress. At the same time, vertical welding is relatively simple and easy to process, which can reduce the process difficulty and cost during the manufacturing process.

[0084] As a preferred example of the present application, the position adjustment hole 40, the second through hole 602, and the fifth through hole 605 are provided as rectangular holes.

[0085] Specifically, the rectangular hole has a larger dimension in the long axis direction, enabling the connecting member to have a larger movement range within the hole. For the position adjustment hole 40, it can make the adjustment of the sliding plate 2 in the front-back direction more flexible, and more precisely adjust the relative position between the fastener 200 and the loading head of the testing machine, meeting the requirements for position adjustment in different fastener 200 tests. For the second through hole 602 and the fifth through hole 605, when connecting with the T-shaped groove of the testing machine, this setting also facilitates the adjustment of the position of the base 1, enhancing the adaptability between the test fixture and the testing machine.

[0086] Preferably, the position adjustment hole 40, the second through hole 602, and the fifth through hole 605 can also be set in other shapes, such as oval holes, as long as the corresponding technical effects can be achieved.

[0087] The present application also provides a method for using a fastener fatigue test fixture for the fastener 200 fatigue test fixture described above, including the following steps:

[0088] S1: According to the type of the fastener 200, select the corresponding fixing hole 21 on the sliding plate 2, and then use the connecting member to cooperate with the fixing hole 21 to fix the fastener 200 with the rail on the sliding plate 2, and enter S2;

[0089] S2: Place the base 1 on the tabletop of the testing machine 100, and place the distance adjusting block 3 and the sliding plate 2 on the support plate 4 respectively, and enter S3;

[0090] S3: Adjust the base 1 so that the first through hole 601, the third through hole 603, the fourth through hole 604, and the sixth through hole 606 respectively correspond to the T-shaped groove 101 on the tabletop of the testing machine 100, or make the second through hole 602 and the fifth through hole 605 respectively correspond to the T-shaped groove 101 on the tabletop of the testing machine 100, and enter S4;

[0091] S4: By adjusting the distance adjusting member 71, adjust the position of the sliding plate 2 in the front-back direction so that the center position or the force application point of the fastener 200 is aligned with the loading head and the load center line of the testing machine 100, and enter S5;

[0092] S5: Between the base 1 and the tabletop of the testing machine 100, and between the sliding plate 2 and the support plate 4, fix and connect them respectively through the connecting member, and enter S6;

[0093] S6: Set the parameters of the testing machine 100 and conduct the test.

[0094] Specifically, this usage method facilitates the testing of fasteners 200 of different models, has a wide range of applications, and is easy to operate. During the measurement process, by adjusting the distance-adjusting block 3 and the distance-adjusting member 71, the center position or the stress point of the fastener 200 can be made to coincide with the loading head of the testing machine 100 and the load center line. It has strong adjustment ability and improves the accuracy of the test.

[0095] Preferably, during the test, the operator can repeatedly execute S4 or S5 until the center position or the stress point of the fastener 200 coincides with the loading head of the testing machine 100 and the load center line.

[0096] Preferably, combining two sets of the tooling in this application can realize the test of single rail with double fasteners.

[0097] Preferably, after the test is completed, remove the fastener 200 and each component in the test tooling, and neatly classify and store them.

[0098] Preferably, after the test is completed, if the fastener 200 to be tested is not replaced, continue the foregoing method for subsequent tests.

[0099] Preferably, after the test is completed, if it is necessary to replace another fastener 200 of the same type to be tested, remove the tested fastener 200, install another fastener 200 with a rail to be tested on the sliding plate 2, and then perform the test according to steps S4 to S6.

[0100] Preferably, after the test is completed, if it is necessary to replace another fastener 200 of a different type for testing, remove the sliding plate 2 and the tested fastener 200, install another fastener 200 with a rail to be tested on the sliding plate 2, and perform the test according to steps S1 to S6.

[0101] In step S1, before the test, first prepare the fastener 200 to be tested, the fastener 200 testing machine 100, bolts of different specifications, wrenches, and tools such as elastic bars, rails, gauge blocks, elastic pads, hooks, and sledgehammers used for assembling the fastener 200.

[0102] Place the fastener 200 on the ground or the assembly tabletop. Place the under-rail pad and the special rail above the fastener 200 in sequence. Place gauge blocks and elastic bars on both sides of the rail respectively. Different elastic bars correspond to different installation methods. Since it has no relation to this embodiment, the specific process of assembling the fastener 200 will not be elaborated.

[0103] Measure the form and size of the nail hole distance of the fastener 200, find the consistent fixing hole 21 on the sliding plate 2 according to this size, and fix the assembled fastener 200 to the sliding plate 2 with bolts.

[0104] In step S4, when the force application point of the fastener 200 is not aligned with the loading head and the load center line of the fastener 200 testing machine 100, first determine whether the displacement deviation between the force application point and the loading point is a left-right deviation or a front-back deviation, and then adjust the relative positions of the base 1 and the sliding plate 2 respectively. After the positions are adjusted, tighten the fixing bolts respectively. Note that when adjusting the position of the base 1, the base 1 can move in the front-back or left-right direction on the table surface of the fastener 200 testing machine 100, or can move in the front-back or left-right direction after rotating 90°.

[0105] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A fastener fatigue test tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), a sliding plate (2) and a distance adjusting block (3), wherein the base (1) is mounted on a table of a testing machine (100), the sliding plate (2) is mounted on the base (1) at an angle and is movable on the base (1), the sliding plate (2) is provided with a plurality of types of fixing holes (21) for matching different types of fasteners (200) so that the fasteners (200) can be detachably mounted on the sliding plate (2), and the distance adjusting block (3) is used to adjust the position of the sliding plate (2) on the base (1) in the front-rear direction.

2. The fastener fatigue test tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) comprises a support plate (4), a rib plate (5) and a bottom plate (6) which are connected in sequence from top to bottom, the rib plate (5) being connected to the bottom plate (6) and the support plate (4) respectively, and the upper side wall of the rib plate (5) being arranged in an inclined shape so that the angle between the support plate (4) and the bottom plate (6) is α, 30°≥α≥20°; A side baffle (7) is provided on the upper surface of the support plate (4), and a front side wall of the side baffle (7) and the upper surface of the support plate (4) are connected together via a reinforcing rib (8); The base (1) further comprises a panel (9), and the front ends of the bottom plate (6), the rib plate (5) and the support plate (4) are respectively connected to the panel (9).

3. The fastener fatigue test tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side baffle (7) is provided with a distance adjustment hole (70), and the distance adjustment hole (70) cooperates with the distance adjustment member (71) to change the position of the distance adjustment block (3), thereby adjusting the position of the sliding plate (2) on the support plate (4) in the front-rear direction.

4. The fastener fatigue test tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support plate (4) is provided with a positioning hole (40), and the sliding plate (2) is provided with a mounting hole (20); the positioning hole (40) and the mounting hole (20) are connected by a connecting piece, and are used to connect and fix the sliding plate (2) and the support plate (4) together; and the connecting piece can move in the positioning hole (40) along the front-rear direction, and is used to adjust the position of the sliding plate (2) in the front-rear direction.

5. The fastener fatigue test tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning holes (40) comprise a first positioning hole (401), a second positioning hole (402), a third positioning hole (403) and a fourth positioning hole (404); the first positioning hole (401) and the second positioning hole (402) are located on the left side of the support plate (4); the third positioning hole (403) and the fourth positioning hole (404) are located on the right side of the support plate (4); the right side and the left side of the support plate (4) are symmetrically arranged.

6. The fastener fatigue test tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcing ribs (8) comprise a first reinforcing rib (81), a second reinforcing rib (82), and a third reinforcing rib (83) which are arranged in sequence and at equal intervals; The distance adjustment hole (70) comprises a first distance adjustment hole (701) and a second distance adjustment hole (702); the first distance adjustment hole (701) is located between the first reinforcement rib (81) and the second reinforcement rib (82); and the second distance adjustment hole (702) is located between the second reinforcement rib (82) and the third reinforcement rib (83).

7. The fastener fatigue test tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rib plate (5) comprises a first rib plate and a second rib plate, the first rib plate is located on the left side of the bottom plate (6), the second rib plate is located on the right side of the bottom plate (6), and the first rib plate and the second rib plate are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate (6); The left side of the first rib is provided with a first through hole (601), a second through hole (602) and a third through hole (603) arranged in sequence from front to back, and the right side of the second rib is provided with a fourth through hole (604), a fifth through hole (605) and a sixth through hole (606) arranged in sequence from front to back; The first through hole (601), the third through hole (603), the fourth through hole (604) and the sixth through hole (606) have the same structure, and the second through hole (602) and the fifth through hole (605) have the same structure; The first through hole (601), the third through hole (603), the fourth through hole (604) and the sixth through hole (606) are respectively connected and fixed to the T-slot (101) on the table top of the testing machine (100) via a connecting piece, or the second through hole (602) and the fifth through hole (605) are respectively connected and fixed to the T-slot (101) on the table top of the testing machine (100) via a connecting piece, for connection and fixing between the bottom plate (6) and the testing machine (100); The right side and the left side of the bottom plate (6) are arranged symmetrically.

8. The fastener fatigue test tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ribs (5) are respectively welded vertically to the bottom plate (6) and the support plate (4); the panels (9) are respectively welded vertically to the bottom plate (6), the ribs (5) and the support plate (4); and the reinforcing ribs (8) are respectively welded vertically to the support plate (4) and the side baffles (7).

9. The fastener fatigue test tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning hole (40), the second through hole (602) and the fifth through hole (605) are configured as rectangular holes.

10. A method for using a fastener fatigue test tool, used for the fastener fatigue test tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Select a corresponding fixing hole (21) on the sliding plate (2) according to the type of the fastener (200), then use a connecting piece to match the fixing hole (21) to fix the fastener (200) on the sliding plate (2), and then proceed to S2; S2: Place the base (1) on the table of the testing machine (100), place the distance adjustment block (3) and the sliding plate (2) on the support plate (4), and proceed to S3; S3: adjusting the base (1) so that the first through hole (601), the third through hole (603), the fourth through hole (604) and the sixth through hole (606) respectively correspond to the T-shaped slot (101) on the table of the testing machine (100), or so that the second through hole (602) and the fifth through hole (605) respectively correspond to the T-shaped slot (101) on the table of the testing machine (100), and proceeding to S4; S4: By adjusting the distance adjusting member (71), the position of the sliding plate (2) in the front-rear direction is adjusted so that the center position or the force bearing point of the fastener (200) is consistent with the loading head and the load center line of the testing machine (100), and then proceed to S5; S5: The base (1) and the tabletop of the testing machine (100), and the sliding plate (2) and the supporting plate (4) are fixedly connected via connecting pieces, and then the process proceeds to S6; S6: Set the parameters of the testing machine (100) and perform the test.

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