BIM-based cultural relic ancient building health diagnosis and early warning system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a BIM-based cultural relic and ancient building health diagnosis and early warning system and method, and the system comprises a data collection module, a preprocessing module, a structure health analysis module, an environment monitoring analysis module, and an early warning module. The signal end of the preprocessing module is connected with the signal end of the data acquisition module, the signal end of the BIM model building module and the signal end of the data integration module. According to the system, continuous and efficient monitoring of an ancient building structure is realized through the data acquisition module, the subjectivity and low frequency problems of manual detection are avoided, the monitoring efficiency and accuracy are improved, serious loss and maintenance cost caused by the fact that problems are not found in time are avoided, three-dimensional visualization of an ancient building is realized through the BIM model construction module, and the construction efficiency of the ancient building is improved. According to the method, researchers and the public can visually understand the structural characteristics and styles and features of the ancient building, detailed protection and maintenance planning can be conducted on the ancient building through the BIM model, and the accuracy and effectiveness of maintenance work are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a system and method, specifically a system and method for health diagnosis and early warning of cultural relic ancient buildings based on BIM, belonging to the technical field of health diagnosis of ancient buildings. Background Art

[0002] The health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relic ancient buildings is a comprehensive system integrating modern information technologies, aiming to achieve real-time monitoring, health diagnosis, and early warning functions for the structures of cultural relic ancient buildings. The health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relic ancient buildings monitors ancient buildings 24 hours a day through technologies such as Internet of Things sensors, digital images, and close-range photogrammetry. The system can collect and analyze multi-dimensional data such as the structural state and environmental changes of ancient buildings, and then diagnose the health status of ancient buildings and issue early warning signals when necessary.

[0003] The health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relic ancient buildings is widely used in the health monitoring and early warning of special structures such as various ancient buildings and scenic spots, for example, stone memorial arches, ancient imperial mausoleum groups, ancient bridges, former residences of famous people, religious temples, etc. can all adopt this system for health monitoring and early warning. Through the application of the system, potential safety hazards of ancient buildings can be discovered and handled in a timely manner to ensure their long-term preservation and inheritance.

[0004] Currently, the health monitoring of ancient buildings can only be limited to local areas, which makes it difficult to comprehensively and timely discover the specific locations of diseases and structural damages. Moreover, due to the limitations of monitoring means, the collected data often lacks continuity and visualization effects, and the data presentation is cumbersome and complex, bringing great difficulties to subsequent analysis work. This limitation not only restricts the realization of real-time online monitoring and structural damage early warning, but also seriously restricts the further development of ancient building health monitoring technologies;

[0005] Moreover, in the face of a large amount of monitoring data information with complex forms, traditional manual analysis methods are unable to cope. Manual analysis is not only inefficient, with a long processing cycle, but also difficult to guarantee the accuracy rate. With the continuous increase of monitoring data, the limitations of this method become more prominent. Therefore, a system and method for health diagnosis and early warning of cultural relic ancient buildings based on BIM are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a system and method for health diagnosis and early warning of cultural relic ancient buildings based on BIM to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0007] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows: A BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics ancient buildings includes a data acquisition module, a preprocessing module, a BIM model construction module, a data integration module, a structural health analysis module, an environmental monitoring analysis module, and an early warning module. The signal end of the preprocessing module is respectively connected to the signal end of the data acquisition module, the signal end of the BIM model construction module, and the signal end of the data integration module. The signal end of the data integration module is respectively connected to the signal end of the BIM model construction module, the signal end of the structural health analysis module, and the signal end of the environmental monitoring analysis module. The signal end of the early warning module is respectively connected to the signal end of the structural health analysis module and the signal end of the environmental monitoring analysis module;

[0008] The data acquisition module is used to collect the structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient building;

[0009] The preprocessing module is used to perform cleaning, denoising, and format conversion processing operations on the structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient building, providing an accurate data basis for subsequent analysis;

[0010] The BIM model construction module is used to construct a BIM model according to the structural characteristics and historical information of the ancient building, realizing the three-dimensional visualization of the ancient building, and providing an intuitive model basis for subsequent analysis. The structural characteristics of the ancient building include: wooden structure, masonry structure, roof form, and decorative components. The historical information of the ancient building includes: construction age, historical events, and cultural connotations;

[0011] The data integration module is used to integrate the preprocessed data with the BIM model by using a data integration algorithm to form a complete information model of the ancient building, realizing the fusion of data and model;

[0012] The structural health analysis module is used to analyze the structural health status of the ancient building, including the monitoring of overall stability and local components, and to find the positions of structural damage and diseases of the ancient building by analyzing the structural health status, providing guidance for repair and protection;

[0013] The environmental monitoring analysis module is used to analyze the environmental factors around the ancient building, including temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall, and to provide guidance for environmental control by analyzing the preservation environment status of the ancient building;

[0014] The early warning module is used to set an early warning threshold according to the analysis results of the environmental monitoring analysis module and the structural health analysis module through an early warning algorithm, and to send an early warning signal when the monitored data exceeds the threshold.

[0015] Further preferably, the structural state data includes:

[0016] Displacement data: The micro-displacement changes of ancient buildings under external forces are monitored by displacement sensors;

[0017] Settlement data: The settlement of the foundation of ancient buildings is monitored by settlement sensors;

[0018] Inclination data: The overall inclination degree of ancient buildings is monitored by inclination sensors;

[0019] Vibration data: The vibration response of ancient buildings under wind force and traffic vibration is monitored by vibration sensors;

[0020] The environmental change data includes:

[0021] Temperature and humidity data: The temperature and humidity changes inside ancient buildings are monitored by temperature and humidity sensors;

[0022] Wind speed and direction data: The wind environment around ancient buildings is monitored by wind speed and direction sensors;

[0023] Rainfall data: The rainfall in the area where ancient buildings are located is monitored by rainfall sensors.

[0024] Further preferably, the construction of the BIM model includes the following steps:

[0025] Data collection and collation: Collect the design drawings, historical documents, and current situation photo materials of ancient buildings, sort out and analyze the collected materials, and extract the structural characteristics, material information, and historical change data of ancient buildings;

[0026] Establish a geometric model: Using BIM modeling software, establish a three-dimensional geometric model of ancient buildings according to the information in the design drawings and historical documents. During the modeling process, combine the unique structural characteristics of ancient buildings, including dougong, cornices, and roof curves;

[0027] Add attribute information: On the basis of the geometric model, add attribute information to each component of ancient buildings, including materials, dimensions, and ages.

[0028] Further preferably, the data integration algorithm includes the following steps:

[0029] Data processing: Convert the structural state data and environmental change data of ancient buildings into a unified format, eliminate the differences between data, and classify and code the data according to the data type and usage;

[0030] BIM model processing: Import the BIM model of ancient cultural relic buildings, and preprocess the BIM model, including adjusting the model accuracy and optimizing the model structure;

[0031] Data matching and mapping stage: According to the classification and coding information obtained from data processing, as well as the element attributes in the BIM model, establish the mapping relationship between data and model elements. Using spatial coordinates and identifiers, map each data point of the structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient building to the corresponding position or element in the BIM model;

[0032] Data integration stage: Integrate the processed structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient building into the BIM model according to the mapping relationship to form an ancient building information model containing rich information;

[0033] Data verification and optimization: Verify the integrated data, and adjust and optimize the BIM model according to the verification results.

[0034] Further preferably, the monitoring of the overall stability and local components includes

[0035] Structural deformation monitoring: Monitor the settlement, inclination, and displacement data of the ancient building;

[0036] Structural stress monitoring: Monitor the stress changes of the structural components of the ancient building;

[0037] Structural vibration monitoring: Monitor the vibration frequency and amplitude of the ancient building structure;

[0038] Structural crack monitoring: Monitor the crack conditions on the surface of the ancient building structure;

[0039] Environmental factor monitoring: Monitor the environmental factors around the ancient building, including temperature, humidity, and wind force;

[0040] The structural health analysis module uses structural analysis algorithms to analyze the collected data and evaluate the health status of the ancient building structure.

[0041] Further preferably, the analysis steps of the environmental monitoring and analysis module include:

[0042] Temperature and humidity analysis: Analyze the temperature and humidity changes around the ancient building, identify abnormal temperature and humidity values, set temperature range thresholds according to the structural characteristics and historical information of the ancient building. Temperature and humidity exceeding or below the range thresholds will cause damage to the ancient building;

[0043] Wind speed and direction analysis: Analyze the wind speed and direction changes around the ancient building, identify the wind speed and direction characteristics under strong wind or adverse weather conditions, evaluate the relationship between wind speed and direction and the structural response of the ancient building, and provide guidance for structural reinforcement;

[0044] Rainfall analysis: Analyze the rainfall changes around the ancient building, identify abnormal rainfall values, set rainfall thresholds. Rainfall exceeding the threshold will cause damage to the ancient building;

[0045] Comprehensive environmental assessment: Combine temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall to evaluate the overall preservation environment of ancient buildings, and output a comprehensive environmental assessment report to provide a scientific basis for the protection and management of ancient buildings.

[0046] Further preferably, the warning algorithm includes the following steps:

[0047] Data input: Obtain environmental data from the environmental monitoring and analysis module and structural health data from the structural health analysis module;

[0048] Threshold setting: Set warning thresholds according to the protection standards of cultural relics and ancient buildings and historical monitoring data. The warning thresholds are divided into minor, moderate, and severe;

[0049] Data analysis and comparison: Compare the monitoring data of the environmental monitoring and analysis module and the structural health analysis module with the preset warning thresholds, analyze the change trends and outliers of the data, and judge whether there are potential safety hazards;

[0050] Warning judgment: When the monitoring data exceeds the preset warning threshold, trigger the warning mechanism, and output corresponding warning signals according to the warning level, including sound and light alarms, SMS notifications, and email reminders.

[0051] Further preferably, the signal end of the data acquisition module is connected to a data storage module, and the data storage module is used to store the collected original data and processed data to achieve long-term preservation and management of the data.

[0052] Further preferably, the signal end of the warning module is connected to a visualization display module, and the visualization display module is used to visually display the analysis results in the form of charts.

[0053] A method for health diagnosis and warning of cultural relic ancient buildings based on BIM includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Collect the structural state data and environmental change data of ancient buildings, and perform cleaning, denoising, and format conversion operations on the structural state data and environmental change data of ancient buildings;

[0055] Step 2: According to the structural characteristics and historical information of ancient buildings, construct a BIM model to realize the three-dimensional visualization of ancient buildings and provide an intuitive model basis for subsequent analysis;

[0056] Step 3: Use a data integration algorithm to integrate the preprocessed data with the BIM model to form a complete information model of ancient buildings and realize the integration of data and model;

[0057] Step 4: Analyze the structural health status of the ancient building, including the overall stability and the monitoring of local components. By analyzing the structural health status of the ancient building, identify the locations of structural damages and diseases, providing guidance for restoration and protection;

[0058] Step 5: Analyze the environmental factors around the ancient building, including temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall. By analyzing the preservation environment of the ancient building, provide guidance for environmental control;

[0059] Step 6: Set the warning threshold according to the analysis results of the environmental monitoring analysis module and the structural health analysis module through the warning algorithm. When the monitoring data exceeds the threshold, send a warning signal.

[0060] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, it has the following advantages:

[0061] 1. The present invention realizes continuous and efficient monitoring of the structure of the ancient building through the data acquisition module, avoiding the subjectivity and low frequency problems of manual detection, improving the monitoring efficiency and accuracy. Moreover, by real-time monitoring the structural state and environmental changes of the ancient building, potential safety hazards can be discovered and processed in a timely manner, avoiding serious losses and maintenance costs caused by failure to discover problems in time. The three-dimensional visualization of the ancient building is realized through the BIM model construction module, enabling researchers and the public to intuitively understand the structural characteristics and style features of the ancient building. Moreover, through the BIM model, a detailed protection and repair plan for the ancient building can be made to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the repair work.

[0062] 2. The present invention evaluates the health status of the structure of the ancient building through the structural health analysis module, discovers the locations of structural damages and diseases of the ancient building, and can provide guidance for restoration and protection. The environmental monitoring analysis module provides important scientific basis for the protection and management of the ancient building by collecting, preprocessing, analyzing and outputting environmental data. These analysis results help to understand the preservation environment of the ancient building, providing guidance for environmental control, structural reinforcement, waterproof measures, etc., so as to ensure the safety and stability of the ancient building. The warning module can set the warning threshold according to the analysis results, send a warning signal when the monitoring data exceeds the threshold, realize real-time monitoring and warning, discover and process potential safety hazards in the ancient building in a timely manner, and improve the accuracy and timeliness of warning.

[0063] The above summary is only for the purpose of the specification and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0065] Figure 1 It is the system structure diagram of a BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics ancient buildings of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 It is the step flowchart of the data integration algorithm of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 It is the step flowchart of the early warning algorithm of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 4 It is the step flowchart of a BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning method for cultural relics ancient buildings of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0069] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are simply described. As those skilled in the art can recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and the description are considered to be exemplary in nature rather than restrictive.

[0070] The following will detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[0071] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics ancient buildings, including a data acquisition module, a preprocessing module, a BIM model construction module, a data integration module, a structural health analysis module, an environmental monitoring analysis module, and an early warning module. The signal end of the preprocessing module is respectively connected to the signal ends of the data acquisition module, the BIM model construction module, and the data integration module. The signal end of the data integration module is respectively connected to the signal ends of the BIM model construction module, the structural health analysis module, and the environmental monitoring analysis module. The signal end of the early warning module is respectively connected to the signal ends of the structural health analysis module and the environmental monitoring analysis module;

[0072] The data acquisition module is used to collect the structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient building;

[0073] Among them, the structural state data includes:

[0074] Displacement data: The displacement sensor is used to monitor the minute displacement changes of the ancient building under the action of external forces;

[0075] Settlement data: The settlement of the foundation of the ancient building is monitored using settlement sensors;

[0076] Inclination data: The overall inclination of the ancient building is monitored through inclination sensors;

[0077] Vibration data: The vibration response of the ancient building under wind force and traffic vibration is monitored through vibration sensors;

[0078] Environmental change data includes:

[0079] Temperature and humidity data: The temperature and humidity changes inside the ancient building are monitored using temperature and humidity sensors;

[0080] Wind speed and direction data: The wind environment around the ancient building is monitored through wind speed and direction sensors;

[0081] Rainfall data: The rainfall in the area where the ancient building is located is monitored through rainfall sensors;

[0082] By collecting the structural state and environmental change data of the ancient building in real time, potential safety hazards can be discovered and warned in time, providing timely and effective support for the protection and repair of the ancient building. Compared with traditional manual detection methods, the data acquisition module can achieve continuous and efficient monitoring, avoiding the subjectivity and low frequency problems of manual detection, improving the monitoring efficiency and accuracy. Moreover, by monitoring the structural state and environmental changes of the ancient building in real time, the system can discover and handle potential safety hazards in time, avoiding serious losses and repair costs caused by failure to discover problems in time.

[0083] The preprocessing module is used to clean, denoise, and perform format conversion operations on the structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient building, thereby improving the data quality and providing an accurate data basis for subsequent analysis;

[0084] The BIM model construction module is used to construct a BIM model based on the structural characteristics and historical information of the ancient building, realizing the three-dimensional visualization of the ancient building and providing an intuitive model basis for subsequent analysis. The structural characteristics of the ancient building include: wooden structure, masonry structure, roof form, and decorative components. The historical information of the ancient building includes: construction era, historical events, and cultural connotations;

[0085] Constructing a BIM model includes the following steps:

[0086] Data collection and collation: Collect the design drawings, historical documents, and current situation photo materials of the ancient building, sort out and analyze the collected materials, and extract the structural characteristics, material information, and historical change data of the ancient building;

[0087] Establish a geometric model: Using BIM modeling software, a three-dimensional geometric model of the ancient building is established based on the information in the design drawings and historical documents. During the modeling process, the unique structural features of the ancient building are incorporated, including dougong (bracket sets), cornices, and roof curves.

[0088] Add attribute information: Based on the geometric model, attribute information is added to each component of the ancient building, including materials, dimensions, and age.

[0089] The three-dimensional visualization of the ancient building is achieved through the BIM model, enabling researchers and the public to intuitively understand the structural features and style characteristics of the ancient building. Moreover, through the BIM model, a detailed protection and repair plan for the ancient building can be made to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the repair work. At the same time, the BIM model can also be used to simulate various situations during the repair process, providing a scientific basis for the repair work.

[0090] The data integration module is used to integrate the preprocessed data with the BIM model using data integration algorithms to form a complete information model of the ancient building, achieving the fusion of data and the model.

[0091] The data integration algorithm includes the following steps:

[0092] Data processing: Convert the structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient building into a unified format, eliminate the differences between the data, and classify and code the data according to the data type and usage.

[0093] BIM model processing: Import the BIM model of the ancient cultural relic building and preprocess the BIM model, including adjusting the model accuracy and optimizing the model structure.

[0094] Data matching and mapping stage: Based on the classification and coding information obtained from data processing and the element attributes in the BIM model, establish a mapping relationship between the data and the model elements. Using spatial coordinates and identifiers, map each data point of the structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient building to the corresponding position or element in the BIM model.

[0095] Data integration stage: Integrate the processed structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient building into the BIM model according to the mapping relationship to form an information model of the ancient building containing rich information.

[0096] Data verification and optimization: Verify the integrated data, and adjust and optimize the BIM model according to the verification results.

[0097] Through data integration algorithms, diverse and heterogeneous data are integrated onto a unified platform, achieving data integration, enriching the information content of the BIM model, enabling it to more comprehensively reflect the actual situation of ancient cultural relics buildings, providing comprehensive data support for the health diagnosis and early warning system, enabling the system to conduct in-depth analysis and early warning based on the integrated data, and moreover, through the visual display of data and analysis results, providing a scientific decision-making basis for cultural relics protection and management personnel.

[0098] The structural health analysis module is used to analyze the structural health status of ancient buildings, including the monitoring of overall stability and local components. By analyzing the structural health status of ancient buildings, the locations of structural damage and diseases are found, providing guidance for repair and protection.

[0099] Among them, the monitoring of overall stability and local components includes

[0100] Structural deformation monitoring: Monitoring the settlement, inclination, and displacement data of ancient buildings.

[0101] Structural stress monitoring: Monitoring the stress changes of structural components of ancient buildings.

[0102] Structural vibration monitoring: Monitoring the vibration frequency and amplitude of ancient building structures.

[0103] Structural crack monitoring: Monitoring the crack conditions on the surface of ancient building structures.

[0104] Environmental factor monitoring: Monitoring the environmental factors around ancient buildings, including temperature, humidity, and wind force.

[0105] The structural health analysis module uses structural analysis algorithms to analyze the collected data and evaluate the structural health status of ancient buildings. The structural analysis algorithms include the following steps:

[0106] Data collection and preprocessing: The structural health analysis module collects monitoring data on the structure of ancient buildings from multiple data sources, including structural deformation monitoring data (such as settlement, inclination, displacement, etc.), structural stress monitoring data (such as strain, stress, etc.), structural vibration monitoring data, and environmental factor monitoring data (such as temperature, humidity, wind force, etc.). After collecting these data, the module will perform preprocessing work, including data cleaning, data verification, and data sorting, etc., to ensure the accuracy and reliability of subsequent analysis.

[0107] Application of structural analysis algorithms: The structural health analysis module uses finite element analysis algorithms to deeply analyze the preprocessed data.

[0108] Health status assessment: Based on the structural analysis, the structural health analysis module will assess the health status of the ancient building structure. The assessment process includes the integrity, stability, durability, and safety of the structure. The structural health analysis module will compare the analyzed data and results with historical data and trends, as well as preset health standards or thresholds, to determine whether there are abnormalities or damages in the ancient building structure and evaluate the severity and potential risks;

[0109] The environmental monitoring and analysis module is used to analyze the environmental factors around the ancient building, including temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall. By analyzing the preservation environment of the ancient building, it provides guidance for environmental control;

[0110] The analysis steps of the environmental monitoring and analysis module include:

[0111] Temperature and humidity analysis: Analyze the temperature and humidity changes around the ancient building, identify abnormal temperature and humidity values, and set temperature range thresholds according to the structural characteristics and historical information of the ancient building. Temperature and humidity exceeding or below the range thresholds will cause damage to the ancient building;

[0112] Wind speed and direction analysis: Analyze the wind speed and direction changes around the ancient building, identify the characteristics of wind speed and direction under strong wind or adverse weather conditions, and evaluate the relationship between wind speed and direction and the structural response of the ancient building to provide guidance for structural reinforcement;

[0113] Rainfall analysis: Analyze the rainfall changes around the ancient building, identify abnormal rainfall values, and set rainfall thresholds. Rainfall exceeding the threshold will cause damage to the ancient building;

[0114] Comprehensive environmental assessment: Combine temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall to evaluate the overall preservation environment of the ancient building, and output a comprehensive environmental assessment report to provide a scientific basis for the protection and management of the ancient building;

[0115] The environmental monitoring and analysis module provides an important scientific basis for the protection and management of ancient buildings by collecting, preprocessing, analyzing, and outputting environmental data. These analysis results help to understand the status of the preservation environment of ancient buildings and provide guidance for environmental control, structural reinforcement, waterproof measures, etc., thus ensuring the safety and stability of ancient buildings.

[0116] The warning module is used to set warning thresholds according to the analysis results of the environmental monitoring and analysis module and the structural health analysis module through warning algorithms. When the monitoring data exceeds the threshold, a warning signal is issued. Among them, the warning algorithm includes the following steps:

[0117] Data input: Obtain environmental data from the environmental monitoring and analysis module and obtain structural health data from the structural health analysis module;

[0118] Threshold setting: According to the protection standards of ancient cultural relics buildings and historical monitoring data, set warning thresholds, which are divided into minor, moderate, and severe;

[0119] Data analysis and comparison: Compare the monitoring data of the environmental monitoring analysis module and the structural health analysis module with the preset warning thresholds, analyze the change trends and outliers of the data, and judge whether there are potential safety hazards;

[0120] Warning judgment: When the monitoring data exceeds the preset warning threshold, trigger the warning mechanism, and output corresponding warning signals according to the warning level, including audible and visual alarms, SMS notifications, and email reminders.

[0121] In one embodiment, the signal end of the data acquisition module is connected to a data storage module, which is used to store the collected raw data and processed data, realizing the long-term preservation and management of data.

[0122] In one embodiment, the signal end of the warning module is connected to a visual display module, which is used to visually display the analysis results in the form of charts for the staff to view.

[0123] A BIM-based health diagnosis and warning method for ancient cultural relics buildings includes the following steps:

[0124] Step 1: Collect the structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient building, and perform cleaning, denoising, and format conversion processing operations on the structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient building;

[0125] Step 2: According to the structural characteristics and historical information of the ancient building, construct a BIM model to realize the three-dimensional visualization of the ancient building, providing an intuitive model basis for subsequent analysis;

[0126] Step 3: Use data integration algorithms to integrate the preprocessed data with the BIM model to form a complete information model of the ancient building, realizing the integration of data and model;

[0127] Step 4: Analyze the structural health status of the ancient building, including the monitoring of overall stability and local components, and discover the structural damage and disease locations of the ancient building by analyzing the structural health status, providing guidance for repair and protection;

[0128] Step 5: Analyze the environmental factors around the ancient building, including temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, rainfall, and provide guidance for environmental control by analyzing the preservation environment of the ancient building;

[0129] Step 6: Set warning thresholds through warning algorithms according to the analysis results of the environmental monitoring analysis module and the structural health analysis module, and send warning signals when the monitoring data exceeds the thresholds.

[0130] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various changes or substitutions, and these should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims described above.

Claims

1. A health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics and ancient buildings based on BIM, comprising a data acquisition module, a preprocessing module, a BIM model building module, a data integration module, a structural health analysis module, an environmental monitoring and analysis module and an early warning module, characterized in that: The signal end of the preprocessing module is respectively connected to the signal end of the data acquisition module, the signal end of the BIM model construction module and the signal end of the data integration module; the signal end of the data integration module is respectively connected to the signal end of the BIM model construction module, the signal end of the structural health analysis module and the signal end of the environmental monitoring and analysis module; the signal end of the early warning module is respectively connected to the signal end of the structural health analysis module and the signal end of the environmental monitoring and analysis module; The data acquisition module is used to collect the structural status data and environmental change data of the ancient buildings; The pre-processing module is used to clean, remove noise, and convert the format of the structural state data and environmental change data of the ancient buildings to provide an accurate data basis for subsequent analysis; The BIM model building module is used to build a BIM model based on the structural characteristics and historical information of the ancient building, realize the three-dimensional visualization of the ancient building, and provide an intuitive model basis for subsequent analysis. The structural characteristics of the ancient building include: wooden structure, masonry structure, roof form and decorative components. The historical information of the ancient building includes: construction year, historical events and cultural connotations; The data integration module is used to integrate the pre-processed data with the BIM model using a data integration algorithm to form a complete ancient building information model and realize the fusion of data and model; The structural health analysis module is used to analyze the structural health status of the ancient building, including monitoring of the overall stability and local components. By analyzing the structural health status of the ancient building, the structural damage and disease location of the ancient building can be found, providing guidance for repair and protection; The environmental monitoring and analysis module is used to analyze the environmental factors around the ancient buildings, including temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall, and to provide guidance for environmental control by analyzing the environmental conditions of the ancient buildings. The early warning module is used to set an early warning threshold according to the analysis results of the environmental monitoring and analysis module and the structural health analysis module through an early warning algorithm, and to send out an early warning signal when the monitoring data exceeds the threshold.

2. The BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The structural status data includes: Displacement data: Use displacement sensors to monitor the tiny displacement changes of ancient buildings under the action of external forces; Settlement data: Use settlement sensors to monitor the settlement of ancient building foundations; Tilt data: monitor the overall tilt of the ancient building through the tilt sensor; Vibration data: Vibration sensors are used to monitor the vibration response of ancient buildings under wind and traffic vibrations; The environmental change data include: Temperature and humidity data: Use temperature and humidity sensors to monitor temperature and humidity changes inside ancient buildings; Wind speed and direction data: Monitor the wind environment around the ancient buildings through wind speed and direction sensors; Rainfall data: Rainfall sensors are used to monitor rainfall in the area where the ancient buildings are located.

3. The BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The construction of the BIM model includes the following steps: Data collection and organization: Collect design drawings, historical documents, and current photos of ancient buildings, organize and analyze the collected data, and extract the structural characteristics, material information, and historical change data of ancient buildings; Building geometric models: Using BIM modeling software, we build a three-dimensional geometric model of the ancient building based on the information in the design drawings and historical documents. In the modeling process, we combine the unique structural features of the ancient building, including brackets, eaves, and roof curves; Add attribute information: Based on the geometric model, add attribute information to each component of the ancient building, including material, size, and age.

4. The BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data integration algorithm comprises the following steps: Data processing: convert the structural status data and environmental change data of ancient buildings into a unified format, eliminate the differences between the data, and classify and encode the data according to the data type and purpose; BIM model processing: import the BIM model of cultural relics and ancient buildings, and pre-process the BIM model, including adjusting the model accuracy and optimizing the model structure; Data matching and mapping stage: Based on the classification and coding information obtained from data processing and the element attributes in the BIM model, a mapping relationship between data and model elements is established. Using spatial coordinates and identifiers, each data point of the structural status data and environmental change data of the ancient building is mapped to the corresponding position or element in the BIM model; Data integration stage: Integrate the processed structural status data and environmental change data of the ancient buildings into the BIM model according to the mapping relationship to form an ancient building information model containing rich information; Data verification and optimization: Verify the integrated data and adjust and optimize the BIM model based on the verification results.

5. The BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The monitoring of overall stability and local components includes Structural deformation monitoring: monitoring the settlement, tilt and displacement data of ancient buildings; Structural stress monitoring: monitoring stress changes of structural components of ancient buildings; Structural vibration monitoring: monitoring the vibration frequency and amplitude of ancient building structures; Structural crack monitoring: monitoring cracks on the surface of ancient building structures; Environmental factor monitoring: monitoring of environmental factors around ancient buildings, including temperature, humidity, and wind speed; The structural health analysis module uses a structural analysis algorithm to analyze the collected data and evaluate the health status of the ancient building structure.

6. The BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The analysis steps of the environmental monitoring and analysis module include: Temperature and humidity analysis: Analyze the temperature and humidity changes around the ancient buildings, identify abnormal temperature and humidity values, and set temperature interval thresholds based on the structural characteristics and historical information of the ancient buildings. Temperature and humidity exceeding or below the interval thresholds will cause damage to the ancient buildings; Wind speed and direction analysis: Analyze the changes in wind speed and direction around ancient buildings, identify the characteristics of wind speed and direction under strong winds or severe weather conditions, evaluate the relationship between wind speed and direction and the structural response of ancient buildings, and provide guidance for structural reinforcement; Rainfall analysis: Analyze the rainfall changes around the ancient buildings, identify rainfall anomalies, and set rainfall thresholds. Rainfall exceeding the threshold will cause damage to the ancient buildings. Comprehensive environmental assessment: Combined with temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall, the overall preservation environment of the ancient buildings is assessed, and a comprehensive environmental assessment report is output to provide a scientific basis for the protection and management of ancient buildings.

7. The BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The early warning algorithm comprises the following steps: Data input: Obtain environmental data from the environmental monitoring and analysis module, and obtain structural health data from the structural health analysis module; Threshold setting: According to the protection standards of cultural relics and ancient buildings and historical monitoring data, the warning threshold is set, and the warning threshold is divided into mild, moderate and severe; Data analysis and comparison: Compare the monitoring data of the environmental monitoring and analysis module and the structural health analysis module with the preset warning thresholds, analyze the data change trends and abnormal values, and determine whether there are potential safety hazards; Early warning judgment: When the monitoring data exceeds the preset early warning threshold, the early warning mechanism is triggered, and the corresponding early warning signal is output according to the early warning level, including sound and light alarm, SMS notification, and email reminder.

8. The BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The signal end of the data acquisition module is connected to a data storage module, and the data storage module is used to store the collected original data and processed data to achieve long-term storage and management of data.

9. The BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The signal end of the early warning module is connected to a visualization display module, and the visualization display module is used to visualize the analysis results in the form of charts.

10. A BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning method for cultural relics and ancient buildings, applied to a BIM-based health diagnosis and early warning system for cultural relics and ancient buildings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Collect the structural status data and environmental change data of the ancient buildings, and perform cleaning, denoising, and format conversion processing operations on the structural status data and environmental change data of the ancient buildings; Step 2: Based on the structural characteristics and historical information of the ancient buildings, a BIM model is constructed to achieve three-dimensional visualization of the ancient buildings, providing an intuitive model basis for subsequent analysis; Step 3: Use data integration algorithms to integrate the preprocessed data with the BIM model to form a complete ancient building information model and achieve the fusion of data and model; Step 4: Analyze the structural health status of the ancient buildings, including monitoring the overall stability and local components. By analyzing the structural health status of the ancient buildings, the structural damage and disease locations of the ancient buildings can be discovered, providing guidance for restoration and protection; Step 5: Analyze the environmental factors around the ancient buildings, including temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall. Provide guidance for environmental control by analyzing the environmental conditions of the ancient buildings. Step 6: Use the early warning algorithm to set the early warning threshold according to the analysis results of the environmental monitoring and analysis module and the structural health analysis module, and issue an early warning signal when the monitoring data exceeds the threshold.

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