Ecological environment multi-dimensional monitoring system and method based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment monitoring, in particular to an ecological environment multi-dimensional monitoring system and method based on a hyperspectral remote sensing technology, and discloses an ecological environment multi-dimensional monitoring module, an ecological environment multi-dimensional analysis module, an ecological environment comprehensive analysis module and an ecological environment monitoring and adjusting module. Through an ecological environment multi-dimensional monitoring module, an ecological environment multi-dimensional analysis module, an ecological environment comprehensive analysis module and an ecological environment monitoring and adjusting module, ecological domain division is performed on an ecological environment according to composition structure characteristics of an ecological system, and periodic multi-dimensional monitoring is performed on an ecological domain in combination with a hyperspectral remote sensing technology. Through three plane dimensions of soil monitoring, water body monitoring and vegetation monitoring, in combination with dimensions of linkage analysis, influence analysis, ecological change analysis and the like among ecological areas, deep monitoring of the ecological environment is completed, and the monitoring period duration of the ecological environment is dynamically adjusted according to a monitoring result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment monitoring. More specifically, it relates to a multi-dimensional monitoring system and method for ecological environment based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology. Background Technique

[0002] With the continuous increase of human activities, the ecological environment is facing unprecedented pressures and challenges. In order to effectively protect and improve the ecological environment and achieve sustainable development, the real-time monitoring and scientific management of the ecological environment are particularly important. Traditional ecological environment monitoring methods mainly rely on ground observations and manual sampling. These methods are not only time-consuming and laborious, but also difficult to achieve large-scale real-time monitoring. In recent years, with the rapid development of remote sensing technology, especially the emergence of hyperspectral remote sensing technology, it has provided a new means for the monitoring of the ecological environment.

[0003] Hyperspectral remote sensing technology has the advantages of high spectral resolution, large amount of information, wide coverage, etc. It can obtain the fine spectral information of surface objects, and then achieve the accurate identification and classification of surface objects. In the field of ecological environment monitoring, hyperspectral remote sensing technology has been widely used in the monitoring of key elements such as soil, water bodies, and vegetation. However, most of the existing ecological environment monitoring systems based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology stay at the monitoring level of single elements or simple combinations, lacking a comprehensive understanding of the overall structure and function of the ecosystem, as well as an in-depth analysis of the interaction relationships between various elements within the ecological environment.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a multi-dimensional monitoring system and method for ecological environment based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology. By combining hyperspectral remote sensing technology with the characteristics of the composition and structure of the ecosystem, the ecological environment is divided into ecological domains, and multi-dimensional periodic monitoring of the ecological domains is realized. Through the three planar dimensions of soil monitoring, water body monitoring, and vegetation monitoring, combined with dimensions such as linkage analysis, impact analysis, and ecological change analysis between ecological regions, the present invention can achieve in-depth monitoring and comprehensive understanding of the ecological environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-dimensional monitoring system and method for ecological environment based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A multi-dimensional monitoring system for ecological environment based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology, including a multi-dimensional monitoring module for ecological environment, a multi-dimensional analysis module for ecological environment, a comprehensive analysis module for ecological environment, and a monitoring adjustment module for ecological environment; The multi-dimensional monitoring module for ecological environment: divides the ecological environment into ecological domains according to the composition and structure characteristics of the ecosystem, and the cycle duration of the set cycle is , regularly obtain hyperspectral remote sensing image data of the ecological environment through hyperspectral remote sensing technology; The ecological environment multi-dimensional analysis module: determine the domain ecological index of each ecological domain based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data, and synchronously determine the basic ecological index; The ecological environment comprehensive analysis module: determine the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment based on the domain ecological index and the basic ecological index of each ecological domain; The ecological environment monitoring and adjustment module: determine whether to adjust the monitoring period of the ecological environment based on the comprehensive ecological index and the comprehensive ecological threshold index of the ecological environment.

[0007] Furthermore, the method for determining the domain ecological index of an ecological domain is as follows: determine an ecological domain, determine all soil areas, water areas, and vegetation areas in the ecological domain, obtain the ecological performance indexes of each soil area, water area, and vegetation area, and then determine the soil basic index , water body basic index and vegetation basic index , mark all soil areas, water areas, and vegetation areas as independent areas, assign the ecological type to each area, set the ecological performance standard index, when the ecological performance index of an independent area is less than the ecological performance standard index, mark the independent area as an independent risk area, determine the risk coverage index of each independent risk area, sum up the risk coverage indexes of all independent risk areas, and calculate the risk coverage sum index , through calculate to obtain the domain ecological index Domain of this ecological domain; The method for determining the ecological performance index of a soil area is as follows: determine a soil area, obtain the hyperspectral remote sensing image data corresponding to the soil area, determine the soil characteristics of the soil area based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data, obtain the soil ecological performance model, input the soil characteristics into the soil ecological performance model, and output the ecological performance index of the soil area; The method for determining the ecological performance index of a water area is as follows: determine a water area, obtain the hyperspectral remote sensing image data corresponding to the water area, determine the water body characteristics of the water area based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data, obtain the water body ecological performance model, input the water body characteristics into the water body ecological performance model, and output the ecological performance index of the water area; The method for determining the ecological performance index of a vegetation area is as follows: determine a vegetation area, obtain the hyperspectral remote sensing image data corresponding to the vegetation area, determine the vegetation characteristics of the vegetation area based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data, obtain the vegetation ecological performance model, input the vegetation characteristics into the vegetation ecological performance model, and output the ecological performance index of the vegetation area.

[0008] Furthermore, the soil basic index is determined as follows: identify all soil areas in the ecological domain, calculate the sum and average of the ecological performance indices of all soil areas, and obtain the soil basic index; The water body basic index is determined as follows: identify all water body areas in the ecological domain, calculate the sum and average of the ecological performance indices of all water body areas, and obtain the water body basic index; The vegetation basic index is determined as follows: identify all vegetation areas in the ecological domain, calculate the sum and average of the ecological performance indices of all vegetation areas, and obtain the vegetation basic index.

[0009] Furthermore, the risk coverage index of the independent risk area is determined as follows: identify the independent areas adjacent to the independent risk area, mark the independent areas adjacent to the independent risk area as ecologically associated areas, determine the ecological association index of each ecologically associated area, set the ecological association standard index, when the ecological association index of the ecologically associated area is greater than the ecological association standard index, mark the ecologically associated area as an ecologically linked area, and obtain the total number of ecologically linked areas and obtain the total number of ecological types included in the ecologically linked areas, denoted as , and calculate the risk coverage index of the independent risk area through , where a1 is the first coefficient and a2 is the second coefficient.

[0010] Furthermore, the ecological association index of the ecologically associated area is determined as follows: obtain the average ecological performance ratio and the average ecological performance difference of the independent risk area, and mark them as , is the average ecological performance ratio of the independent risk area, is the average ecological performance difference of the independent risk area, obtain the average ecological performance ratio and the average ecological performance difference of the ecologically associated area, and mark them as , is the average ecological performance ratio of the ecologically associated area, is the average ecological performance difference of the ecologically associated area, and calculate the ecological association index of the ecologically associated area using the cosine similarity formula.

[0011] Furthermore, the average ecological performance ratio is determined as follows: obtain the ecological performance indices determined in k consecutive cycles before the current time of the system for a region, sort all the ecological performance indices in the order of determination time, calculate the ratio of the adjacent subsequent ecological performance index to the previous one after sorting, obtain the ecological performance ratio, calculate the sum and average of all the ecological performance ratios, and obtain the average ecological performance ratio; ​The average ecological performance difference is determined as follows: Obtain the ecological performance indices determined for a region in the previous consecutive k cycles, sort all the ecological performance indices in the order of the determination time, calculate the difference between the adjacent subsequent ecological performance index and the previous one after sorting, obtain the ecological performance difference, and calculate the sum average of all the ecological performance differences to obtain the average ecological performance difference.

[0012] Furthermore, the base ecological index is determined as follows: Obtain the comprehensive ecological indices obtained for the ecological environment in the previous consecutive p cycles, sort all the comprehensive ecological indices in the order of the acquisition time, calculate the absolute difference between two adjacent comprehensive ecological indices after sorting to obtain the comprehensive ecological swing index, and calculate the sum average of all the comprehensive ecological swing indices to obtain the average comprehensive ecological swing index , set the comprehensive ecological swing threshold index. When the comprehensive ecological swing index is greater than the comprehensive ecological swing threshold index, increase the number of ecological turbulences by one, and mark the number of ecological turbulences as , through calculate to obtain the base ecological index , where a3 is the third coefficient and a4 is the fourth coefficient.

[0013] Furthermore, the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment is determined as follows: Calculate the sum average of the domain ecological indices of all ecological domains to obtain the domain ecological comprehensive index , through calculate to obtain the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment, where a5 is the fifth coefficient and a6 is the sixth coefficient.

[0014] Furthermore, determine whether to adjust the monitoring cycle of the ecological environment: Set the comprehensive ecological threshold index. When the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment is greater than or equal to the comprehensive ecological threshold index, do not adjust the monitoring cycle of the ecological environment. When the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment is less than the comprehensive ecological threshold index, calculate the ratio of the comprehensive ecological index to the comprehensive ecological threshold index to obtain the comprehensive ecological ratio vvs, and adjust the monitoring cycle duration of the ecological environment to .

[0015] Furthermore, the multi-dimensional monitoring method for the ecological environment based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology includes the following steps: S1: Divide the ecological environment into ecological domains according to the composition and structural characteristics of the ecosystem. The cycle duration of the set cycle is , and regularly obtain the hyperspectral remote sensing image data of the ecological environment through hyperspectral remote sensing technology; S2: Determine the domain ecological indices of each ecological domain based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data, and simultaneously determine the base ecological index; S3: Determine the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment based on the domain ecological index and the basic ecological index of each ecological domain; S4: Determine whether to adjust the monitoring period of the ecological environment based on the comprehensive ecological index and the comprehensive ecological threshold index of the ecological environment.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Through the multi-dimensional monitoring module of the ecological environment, the multi-dimensional analysis module of the ecological environment, the comprehensive analysis module of the ecological environment, and the monitoring adjustment module of the ecological environment, the present invention divides the ecological environment into ecological domains according to the composition and structure characteristics of the ecosystem, and combines the hyperspectral remote sensing technology to perform periodic multi-dimensional monitoring on the ecological domains. Through the three planar dimensions of soil monitoring, water body monitoring, and vegetation monitoring, combined with dimensions such as linkage analysis, impact analysis, and ecological change analysis between ecological regions, the in-depth monitoring of the ecological environment is completed, and the monitoring period duration of the ecological environment is dynamically adjusted according to the monitoring results to ensure reasonable and in-depth monitoring of the ecological environment. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a module block diagram of a multi-dimensional monitoring system for the ecological environment based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology; Figure 2 It is a flowchart for determining the ecological correlation index of an ecological correlation region; Figure 3 It is a method flowchart of a multi-dimensional monitoring method for the ecological environment based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology. Specific Embodiments

[0018] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figures 1 - 2 , a multi-dimensional monitoring system for the ecological environment based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology, including a multi-dimensional monitoring module of the ecological environment, a multi-dimensional analysis module of the ecological environment, a comprehensive analysis module of the ecological environment, and a monitoring adjustment module of the ecological environment.

[0019] Multi-dimensional monitoring module of the ecological environment: Divide the ecological environment into ecological domains according to the composition and structure characteristics of the ecosystem, and set the cycle duration of the period to be , and regularly obtain the hyperspectral remote sensing image data of the ecological environment through hyperspectral remote sensing technology.

[0020] Multi-dimensional analysis module of the ecological environment: Determine the domain ecological index of each ecological domain based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data, and synchronously determine the basic ecological index.

[0021] The domain ecological index of the ecological domain is determined as follows: Determine an ecological domain, identify all the soil areas, water areas, and vegetation areas within this ecological domain (an ecological domain usually includes multiple soil areas, multiple water areas, and multiple vegetation areas), obtain the ecological performance indices of each soil area, water area, and vegetation area, and then determine the soil basic index , the water body basic index , and the vegetation basic index . Mark all the soil areas, water areas, and vegetation areas as independent areas, and assign each area its ecological type (the ecological type is the soil type, water body type, and vegetation type). Set the ecological performance standard index (the ecological performance standard index is a preset index used for comparison with the ecological performance index). When the ecological performance index of an independent area is less than the ecological performance standard index, mark this independent area as an independent risk area (when the ecological performance index of the independent area is greater than or equal to the ecological performance standard index, no further processing is carried out). Determine the risk coverage index of each independent risk area, sum up the risk coverage indices of all independent risk areas, and calculate the risk coverage sum index , and obtain the domain ecological index Domain of this ecological domain through calculation.

[0022] The soil basic index is determined as follows: Determine all the soil areas in the ecological domain, calculate the sum and average of the ecological performance indices of all soil areas, and obtain the soil basic index.

[0023] The water body basic index is determined as follows: Determine all the water areas in the ecological domain, calculate the sum and average of the ecological performance indices of all water areas, and obtain the water body basic index.

[0024] The vegetation basic index is determined as follows: Determine all the vegetation areas in the ecological domain, calculate the sum and average of the ecological performance indices of all vegetation areas, and obtain the vegetation basic index.

[0025] The risk coverage index of an independent risk area is determined as follows: Determine the independent areas adjacent to the independent risk area (adjacency may occur for independent areas of all ecological types, such as adjacent soil areas, adjacent soil and water areas, adjacent soil and vegetation areas, adjacent water areas, adjacent water and vegetation areas, adjacent vegetation areas). Mark the independent areas adjacent to the independent risk area as ecologically associated areas. Determine the ecological association index of each ecologically associated area. Set an ecological association standard index (the ecological association standard index is a preset index used for comparison with the ecological association index). When the ecological association index of an ecologically associated area is greater than the ecological association standard index (otherwise, no further processing is performed), mark this ecologically associated area as an ecologically linked area. Obtain the total number of ecologically linked areas , obtain the total number of ecological types included in the ecologically linked areas (for example, if there are a total of four ecologically linked areas with ecological types being soil area, soil area, water area, and water area respectively, then the total number of ecological types included is 2), and denote it as , through calculate the risk coverage index of this independent risk area , where a1 is the first coefficient, a2 is the second coefficient, the value of a1 is 0.92, and the value of a2 is 0.75.

[0026] The ecological association index of an ecologically associated area is determined as follows: Obtain the average ecological performance ratio and average ecological performance difference of the independent risk area, and mark them as , is the average ecological performance ratio of the independent risk area, is the average ecological performance difference of the independent risk area. Obtain the average ecological performance ratio and average ecological performance difference of the ecologically associated area, and mark them as , is the average ecological performance ratio of the ecologically associated area, is the average ecological performance difference of the ecologically associated area. Use the cosine similarity formula to calculate the ecological association index of the ecologically associated area.

[0027] The ecological association index of the ecologically associated area .

[0028] The average ecological performance ratio is determined as follows: Obtain the ecological performance indices determined for a region (which can be a soil region, a water body region, or a vegetation region) in k consecutive cycles before the current time of the system. Sort all the ecological performance indices in the order of the determination time. Calculate the ratio of the adjacent subsequent ecological performance index to the previous one after sorting. Calculate the ecological performance ratios. Then, calculate the sum and average of all the ecological performance ratios to obtain the average ecological performance ratio.

[0029] The average ecological performance difference is determined as follows: Obtain the ecological performance indices determined for a region in k consecutive cycles before. Sort all the ecological performance indices in the order of the determination time. Calculate the difference between the adjacent subsequent ecological performance index and the previous one after sorting. Calculate the ecological performance differences. Then, calculate the sum and average of all the ecological performance differences to obtain the average ecological performance difference.

[0030] I. Adjacent soil regions In a plain area, due to historical factors such as river course changes, part of the area may be an alluvial soil region with high fertility and relatively heavy texture, while the adjacent part may be a aeolian sandy soil region with relatively lower fertility and sandy texture. This forms a situation where different soil regions are adjacent to each other.

[0031] II. Adjacent soil region and water body region For example, the land around water bodies such as rivers and lakes belongs to the case of adjacent soil region and water body region. The riverbank soil on both sides of the river is affected by the periodic rise and fall of the river water, lateral erosion, and sediment deposition of the substances carried by the river water, and is significantly different from the inland soil far from the river in terms of water content, texture, nutrient content, etc.

[0032] III. Adjacent soil region and vegetation region There are large areas of farmland for growing various crops, such as arable land for growing wheat and corn. This is a typical vegetation region, and the crops grow in the fields according to certain planting rules. The area adjacent to the farmland may be uncultivated wasteland.

[0033] IV. Adjacent water body regions In areas with a relatively developed water system, various water bodies are often connected and adjacent to each other.

[0034] V. Adjacent water body region and vegetation region The wetland ecosystem is a typical representative of the adjacent water body region and vegetation region. The area where aquatic or hygrophytic plants such as reeds and calamus grow is closely connected to the surrounding water area. The water body provides the water, nutrients dissolved in the water, and relatively stable temperature environment required for the growth of plants.

[0035] VI. Vegetation regions adjacent to vegetation regions Regions of different vegetation types often border each other due to factors such as terrain, climate, and soil. For example, in the transitional zone between mountains and plains, on the mountain side, there may be a coniferous forest vegetation region. Affected by factors such as altitude and temperature, the trees are mainly coniferous tree species such as pine and fir. On the plain side, there may be a broad-leaved forest vegetation region, and the tree species are mostly broad-leaved tree species such as poplar and willow. These two vegetation regions are adjacent here.

[0036] The ecological performance index of a soil region is determined as follows: Determine a soil region, obtain the hyperspectral remote sensing image data corresponding to the soil region, determine the soil characteristics of the soil region based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data (soil characteristics include soil water content, soil fertility, and soil erosion amount), obtain a soil ecological performance model, input the soil characteristics into the soil ecological performance model, and output the ecological performance index of the soil region.

[0037] The ecological performance index of a water body region is determined as follows: Determine a water body region, obtain the hyperspectral remote sensing image data corresponding to the water body region, determine the water body characteristics of the water body region based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data (soil characteristics include chlorophyll content, suspended solid concentration, and dissolved organic matter content), obtain a water body ecological performance model, input the water body characteristics into the water body ecological performance model, and output the ecological performance index of the water body region.

[0038] The ecological performance index of a vegetation region is determined as follows: Determine a vegetation region, obtain the hyperspectral remote sensing image data corresponding to the vegetation region, determine the vegetation characteristics of the vegetation region based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data (vegetation characteristics include vegetation coverage and vegetation health status), obtain a vegetation ecological performance model, input the vegetation characteristics into the vegetation ecological performance model, and output the ecological performance index of the vegetation region.

[0039] The soil ecological performance model, the water ecological performance model, and the vegetation ecological performance model are all constructed based on the neural network model. The construction processes of the above three models are similar. In this embodiment, the specific construction processes of the three models are not listed. The construction process of the soil ecological performance model will be disclosed: construct a neural network model, collect multiple soil characteristics (if constructing a water ecological performance model, collect multiple water characteristics), train the neural network model with the soil characteristics, assign an ecological performance index to each soil characteristic, and the index range of the ecological performance index is (15.0~30.0). The larger the ecological performance index, the better the ecological condition of the soil; the smaller the ecological performance index, the worse the ecological condition of the soil (if constructing a water ecological performance model, train the neural network model with the water characteristics, assign an ecological performance index to each water characteristic, and the index range of the ecological performance index is (15.0~30.0). The larger the ecological performance index, the better the ecological condition of the water; the smaller the ecological performance index, the worse the ecological condition of the water). Divide the training data into a training set and a validation set according to the set ratio of 5:1, and perform neural network iterative training on the training set and the validation set to train the soil ecological performance model.

[0040] The base ecological index is determined as follows: Obtain the comprehensive ecological indices obtained by the ecological environment in the previous consecutive p cycles, sort all the comprehensive ecological indices in the order of acquisition time, calculate the absolute difference between two adjacent comprehensive ecological indices after sorting to obtain the comprehensive ecological swing index, and calculate the sum mean of all the comprehensive ecological swing indices to obtain the average comprehensive ecological swing index. Set the comprehensive ecological swing threshold index (the comprehensive ecological swing threshold index is a preset index used for comparison with the comprehensive ecological swing index). When the comprehensive ecological swing index is greater than the comprehensive ecological swing threshold index (otherwise, no further processing is performed), increase the number of ecological turbulences by one and mark the number of ecological turbulences as , through Calculate to obtain the base ecological index. Among them, a3 is the third coefficient, a4 is the fourth coefficient, the value of a3 is 0.54, and the value of a4 is 0.33.

[0041] The ecological environment comprehensive analysis module: Based on the domain ecological indices of each ecological domain and the base ecological index, determine the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment.

[0042] The comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment is determined as follows: Calculate the sum mean of the domain ecological indices of all ecological domains to obtain the domain ecological comprehensive index. , through The comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment is calculated, where a5 is the fifth coefficient, a6 is the sixth coefficient, the value of a5 is 1.13, and the value of a6 is 1.19; The ecological environment monitoring adjustment module: Based on the comprehensive ecological index and the comprehensive ecological threshold index of the ecological environment, determine whether to adjust the monitoring period of the ecological environment.

[0043] Determine whether to adjust the monitoring period of the ecological environment: Set the comprehensive ecological threshold index. When the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment is greater than or equal to the comprehensive ecological threshold index, do not adjust the monitoring period of the ecological environment. When the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment is less than the comprehensive ecological threshold index, calculate the ratio of the comprehensive ecological index to the comprehensive ecological threshold index to obtain the comprehensive ecological ratio vvs, and adjust the monitoring period duration of the ecological environment to 。

[0044] Through the multi-dimensional ecological environment monitoring module, the multi-dimensional ecological environment analysis module, the comprehensive ecological environment analysis module, and the ecological environment monitoring adjustment module, the ecological domain of the ecological environment is divided according to the composition and structure characteristics of the ecosystem, and the ecological domain is periodically monitored in multiple dimensions in combination with hyperspectral remote sensing technology. Through the three planar dimensions of soil monitoring, water body monitoring, and vegetation monitoring, combined with dimensions such as linkage analysis, impact analysis, and ecological change analysis between ecological regions, the in-depth monitoring of the ecological environment is completed, and the monitoring period duration of the ecological environment is dynamically adjusted according to the monitoring results to ensure reasonable and in-depth monitoring of the ecological environment.

[0045] Example two: Refer to Figure 3 ,The multi-dimensional ecological environment monitoring method based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology includes the following steps: S1: Divide the ecological environment into ecological domains according to the composition and structure characteristics of the ecosystem, and set the period duration of the period as ,Regularly obtain the hyperspectral remote sensing image data of the ecological environment through hyperspectral remote sensing technology; S2: Determine the domain ecological index of each ecological domain based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data, and synchronously determine the base ecological index; S3: Determine the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment based on the domain ecological index and the base ecological index of each ecological domain; S4: Based on the comprehensive ecological index and the comprehensive ecological threshold index of the ecological environment, determine whether to adjust the monitoring period of the ecological environment.

[0046] The above formulas are all dimensionless and take their numerical values for calculation. The formulas are obtained by collecting a large amount of data for software simulation to obtain a formula that is closest to the actual situation. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by technicians in the field according to the actual situation.

[0047] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center in a wired or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) manner. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more collections of available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0048] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the magnitudes of the serial numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0049] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0050] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described herein again.

[0051] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0052] If the above functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the essence of the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0053] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The multi-dimensional ecological environment monitoring system based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology is characterized by: It includes ecological environment multi-dimensional monitoring module, ecological environment multi-dimensional analysis module, ecological environment comprehensive analysis module, and ecological environment monitoring and adjustment module; The multi-dimensional monitoring module of the ecological environment: divides the ecological environment into ecological domains according to the composition and structural characteristics of the ecological system, and sets the cycle duration to , regularly obtain hyperspectral remote sensing image data of the ecological environment through hyperspectral remote sensing technology; The multi-dimensional analysis module of the ecological environment: determines the domain ecological index of each ecological domain based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data, and simultaneously determines the basic ecological index; The comprehensive ecological environment analysis module: determines the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment based on the domain ecological index and the basic ecological index of each ecological domain; The ecological environment monitoring and adjustment module determines whether to adjust the cycle of monitoring the ecological environment based on the comprehensive ecological index and the comprehensive ecological threshold index of the ecological environment.

2. The multi-dimensional ecological environment monitoring system based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The domain ecological index of the ecological domain is determined as follows: determine an ecological domain, determine all soil areas, water areas and vegetation areas in the ecological domain, obtain the ecological performance index of each soil area, water area and vegetation area, and then determine the soil basic index , Water body basic index and the vegetation base index , mark all soil areas, water areas and vegetation areas as independent areas, assign each area its ecological type, set the ecological performance standard index, and when the ecological performance index of an independent area is less than the ecological performance standard index, mark the independent area as an independent risk area, determine the risk coverage index of each independent risk area, and sum up the risk coverage indexes of all independent risk areas to calculate the risk coverage and index ,pass The domain ecological index Domain of the ecological domain is calculated; The ecological performance index of a soil region is determined as follows: a soil region is determined, hyperspectral remote sensing image data corresponding to the soil region is obtained, soil characteristics of the soil region are determined based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data, a soil ecological performance model is obtained, the soil characteristics are input into the soil ecological performance model, and the ecological performance index of the soil region is output; The ecological performance index of a water body region is determined as follows: a water body region is determined, hyperspectral remote sensing image data corresponding to the water body region is obtained, water body characteristics of the water body region are determined based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data, a water body ecological performance model is obtained, the water body characteristics are input into the water body ecological performance model, and the ecological performance index of the water body region is output; The ecological performance index of a vegetation area is determined as follows: a vegetation area is determined, hyperspectral remote sensing image data corresponding to the vegetation area is obtained, vegetation characteristics of the vegetation area are determined based on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data, a vegetation ecological performance model is obtained, the vegetation characteristics are input into the vegetation ecological performance model, and the ecological performance index of the vegetation area is output.

3. The multi-dimensional ecological environment monitoring system based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The soil basic index is determined as follows: all soil regions in the ecological domain are determined, and the ecological performance index of all soil regions is summed and averaged to calculate the soil basic index; The basic water index is determined as follows: determine all water areas in the ecological domain, calculate the sum and mean of the ecological performance indexes of all water areas, and calculate the basic water index; The basic vegetation index is determined as follows: determine all vegetation areas in the ecological domain, calculate the sum and average of the ecological performance indexes of all vegetation areas, and calculate the basic vegetation index.

4. The multi-dimensional ecological environment monitoring system based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The risk coverage index of the independent risk area is determined as follows: determine the independent area adjacent to the independent risk area, mark the independent area adjacent to the independent risk area as an ecologically associated area, determine the ecological association index of each ecologically associated area, set the ecological association standard index, and when the ecological association index of the ecologically associated area is greater than the ecological association standard index, mark the ecologically associated area as an ecologically linked area, and obtain the total number of ecologically linked areas. , obtain the total number of ecological types contained in the ecological linkage area and record it as ,pass Calculate the risk coverage index of the independent risk area , where a1 is the first coefficient and a2 is the second coefficient.

5. The multi-dimensional ecological environment monitoring system based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The ecological correlation index of the ecological correlation area is determined as follows: the average ecological performance ratio and the average ecological performance difference of the independent risk areas are obtained and marked as , is the average ecological performance ratio of independent risk areas, The average ecological performance difference of the independent risk areas is obtained, and the average ecological performance ratio and the average ecological performance difference of the ecologically associated areas are obtained and marked as , is the average ecological performance ratio of the ecologically related areas, is the average ecological performance difference of the ecologically associated areas, and the ecological association index of the ecologically associated areas is calculated using the cosine similarity formula.

6. The multi-dimensional ecological environment monitoring system based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The average ecological performance ratio is determined as follows: obtain the ecological performance index of a region determined in k consecutive periods before the current time of the system, sort all the ecological performance indexes in the order of the determination time, calculate the ratio of the next adjacent ecological performance index after sorting to the previous ecological performance index, calculate the ecological performance ratio, and sum and average all the ecological performance ratios to calculate the average ecological performance ratio; The average ecological performance difference is determined as follows: obtain the ecological performance index of a region determined in the previous k consecutive periods, sort all the ecological performance indexes in the order of the determination time, calculate the difference between the adjacent next ecological performance index and the previous ecological performance index after sorting, calculate the ecological performance difference, calculate the sum and average of all ecological performance differences, and calculate the average ecological performance difference.

7. The multi-dimensional ecological environment monitoring system based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The basic ecological index is determined as follows: obtain the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment obtained in the previous p consecutive cycles, sort all the comprehensive ecological indexes in the order of acquisition time, calculate the absolute difference between the two adjacent comprehensive ecological indexes after sorting, calculate the comprehensive ecological swing index, and calculate the sum and average of all comprehensive ecological swing indexes to calculate the average comprehensive ecological swing index , set the comprehensive ecological swing threshold index. When the comprehensive ecological swing index is greater than the comprehensive ecological swing threshold index, increase the number of ecological turbulence by one and mark the number of ecological turbulence as ,pass Calculate the basic ecological index , where a3 is the third coefficient and a4 is the fourth coefficient.

8. The multi-dimensional ecological environment monitoring system based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment is determined as follows: the domain ecological index of all ecological domains is summed and averaged to obtain the domain ecological comprehensive index ,pass The comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment is calculated, where a5 is the fifth coefficient and a6 is the sixth coefficient.

9. The multi-dimensional ecological environment monitoring system based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Determine whether to adjust the cycle of ecological environment monitoring: set the comprehensive ecological threshold index. When the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment is greater than or equal to the comprehensive ecological threshold index, the cycle of ecological environment monitoring will not be adjusted. When the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment is less than the comprehensive ecological threshold index, the comprehensive ecological index and the comprehensive ecological threshold index are calculated to obtain the comprehensive ecological ratio vvs, and the cycle of ecological environment monitoring is adjusted to .

10. The method for multi-dimensional monitoring of ecological environment based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology is applied to the multi-dimensional monitoring system for ecological environment based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: According to the composition and structural characteristics of the ecosystem, the ecological environment is divided into ecological domains, and the cycle duration is set to , regularly obtain hyperspectral remote sensing image data of the ecological environment through hyperspectral remote sensing technology; S2: Determine the domain ecological index of each ecological domain based on hyperspectral remote sensing image data, and simultaneously determine the basic ecological index; S3: Based on the domain ecological index of each ecological domain and the basic ecological index, determine the comprehensive ecological index of the ecological environment; S4: Based on the comprehensive ecological index and comprehensive ecological threshold index of the ecological environment, determine whether to adjust the cycle of monitoring the ecological environment.

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