An ultra-wideband multi-mode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed and feed system

Abstract

The present invention provides an ultra-wideband multi-mode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed and feed system, which relates to the fields of satellite communications, satellite measurement and control, and electronic reconnaissance. The feed includes a coaxial horn, and four identical ridges are provided on the inner wall of the outer conductor of the coaxial horn at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° along the circumferential direction. A probe perpendicular to the horn axis is provided at the tail of each ridge, and a reflection cavity is provided between the probe and the bottom plate at the tail of the coaxial horn. The inner conductor of the coaxial horn is a tapered structure with a gradually decreasing radial height, and the inner conductor of the coaxial horn extends out of the coaxial horn mouth. The present invention adopts TE in coaxial waveguide 11 The dual-mode sharing technology of the TEM mode combination can realize the communication function and self-tracking function simultaneously within the bandwidth of the fifth frequency. The present invention has excellent sum and differential mode performance, compact structure, and wide application scenarios. It is a novel and easy-to-implement ultra-wideband single pulse self-tracking feed system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of satellite communication, satellite measurement and control, and electronic reconnaissance, and in particular to an ultra-wideband multi-mode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed and a feed system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of satellite communication technology, the performance requirements for reflector antenna systems are increasing. To meet the demands of satellite communications, reflector antennas are evolving towards broadband, multi-band, and multi-functional features that are compatible with both tracking and communication. In the mobile communications sector, satellite / carrier mobile communication terminals are playing an irreplaceable role. This requires reflector antennas to possess both communication capabilities and high-precision tracking capabilities, which has become an inevitable trend in the development of satellite communication antenna technology.

[0003] Currently, there are three main methods for antenna target tracking: manual tracking, programmed tracking, and automatic tracking. Automatic tracking is widely used due to its excellent real-time performance. Based on different tracking principles, automatic tracking can be divided into three systems: step tracking, conical scanning tracking, and monopulse tracking. Monopulse tracking is currently the most commonly used high-precision tracking method.

[0004] In the ultra-wideband single pulse tracking reflector antenna system, the ultra-wideband high-performance single pulse tracking feed system is one of the core components. According to its working principle and structural characteristics, the single pulse tracking feed can be mainly divided into multi-channel tracking feed and multi-mode tracking feed. Among them, the multi-channel tracking feed is mainly based on four-horn feed and five-horn feed. Its working principle is simple, but it has disadvantages such as large shielding of the reflector antenna and large sum and difference contradictions; the multi-mode tracking feed uses multiple specific modes in the waveguide to achieve sum and differential mode reception / radiation, mainly including circular waveguide TE 11 / TM 01 Dual-mode, circular waveguide TE 11 / TE 21 Dual-mode, coaxial waveguide TE 11 / TEM dual mode and coaxial waveguide TE 11 / TE 21 Dual mode, etc. This type of feed has the advantages of simple structure, high antenna aperture efficiency, high differential gain, etc. However, due to the TE 11 The working bandwidth of the mode is limited and cannot meet the requirements of ultra-wideband operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the problems encountered in the aforementioned technical background and to provide an ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial quad-ridged horn feed and feed system. The present invention features a simple structure, wide operating frequency band, low reflection loss, high efficiency in illuminating the reflective antenna, high differential gain, and a deep differential pattern null.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0007] An ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed includes a coaxial horn, which includes a coaxial horn outer conductor and a coaxial horn inner conductor nested together; the inner wall curve of the coaxial horn outer conductor is divided into two sections from back to front, the first section is a straight line section with a constant radial height, and the second section is a spline function curve section; the contour curve of the coaxial horn inner conductor is divided into two sections from back to front, the first section is a straight line section with a constant radial height, and the second section is a spline function curve section, wherein the radius of the coaxial horn inner conductor in the spline function curve section gradually decreases to form a tapered structure. ; The inner wall of the outer conductor of the coaxial horn is provided with identical ridges at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° along the circumferential direction. The ridge curve of the ridge is divided into three sections from back to front. The first section is a straight line section with a constant radial height, the second section is a linear expansion section with a gradually increasing radial height, and the third section is a spline function curve section; a probe is provided at the tail of each ridge that is perpendicular to the axis direction of the coaxial horn. The probe passes through the outer conductor and the ridge of the coaxial horn in an insulated manner and is inserted into the inner conductor of the coaxial horn; the front end of the inner conductor of the coaxial horn extends beyond the mouth surface of the coaxial horn.

[0008] Furthermore, the length of the inner conductor of the coaxial horn extending outside the coaxial horn mouth is 0.05 -0.1 ,in, is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency.

[0009] Furthermore, the maximum radius of the inner conductor of the coaxial speaker does not exceed 0.1 ,in, is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency.

[0010] Furthermore, the radius of the top of the conductor head in the coaxial speaker is 0.3-0.7 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, a bottom plate is provided at the tail of the coaxial horn, and a reflection cavity is provided between the probe and the bottom plate, and the reflection cavity is a circular cylindrical structure.

[0012] Furthermore, a choke slot is provided at the head of the outer conductor of the coaxial speaker.

[0013] Furthermore, the number of the choke slots is 2.

[0014] In addition, the present invention also provides an ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed system, comprising the ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed as described in any one of the above items, and also comprising a sum and difference beam synthesis network; the four probes of the ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed are all connected to the sum and difference beam synthesis network through SMA sockets;

[0015] The sum and difference beamforming network includes two 180° bridges, a power splitter and a 90° bridge, the sum beam signal is synthesized via the two 180° bridges and the 90° bridge, and the difference beam signal is synthesized via the two 180° bridges and the power splitter;

[0016] When combining and beaming signals, a pair of probes placed horizontally pass through the 180° channel of the 180° bridge to form a horizontally polarized coaxial TE 11 A pair of probes placed vertically pass through the 180° channel of the 180° bridge to form a vertically polarized coaxial TE 11 mode, horizontally polarized TE 11 mode and vertical polarization TE 11 The mode then passes through a 90° bridge to synthesize circularly polarized TE 11 mode, the two ports of the 90° bridge output left-hand circularly polarized TE 11 Mode signal and right-hand circularly polarized TE 11 analog signal;

[0017] When synthesizing the difference beam signal, the two groups of probes placed horizontally and vertically pass through the 0° channels of two 180° bridges respectively to form two groups of synthetic signals, which are then synthesized into coaxial TEM mode signals through a power divider.

[0018] Compared with the background technology, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. This invention proposes an innovative solution for a coaxial feed system with ultra-wideband single pulse self-tracking function. 11 The dual-mode sharing technology of the TEM mode combination realizes the communication function and self-tracking function within the bandwidth of 5 times the frequency. 11 The TE mode is the communication mode (sum mode), and the TEM mode is the tracking mode (differential mode). 11 The working bandwidth of the mode is significantly expanded. At the same time, as the main mode of the coaxial waveguide, the TEM mode has non-dispersion characteristics and inherently has ultra-wideband characteristics.

[0020] 2. The present invention significantly expands the working bandwidth of the coaxial horn feed and expands the bandwidth of the coaxial horn feed to 5 times the frequency. The present invention effectively reduces the TE in the coaxial waveguide by setting a ridge structure on the inner wall of the coaxial horn outer conductor. 11 mode cutoff frequency, and the higher order mode TE 31 The mode cutoff frequency remains almost unchanged, so the coaxial waveguide TE 11 The single-mode operating bandwidth of the mode has been significantly expanded.

[0021] 3. The sum mode and differential mode of the feed in the present invention have good transmission characteristics and radiation characteristics. The inner wall curve of the coaxial outer conductor, the ridge curve of the ridge sheet and the contour curve of the coaxial inner conductor all contain spline function curves. The spline function curve is fitted by multiple discrete points, which provides a large degree of design freedom. After fully optimizing the coordinates of the discrete points of the spline function curve, the sum mode and differential mode of the coaxial four-ridged horn feed can have good transmission characteristics and radiation characteristics. In addition, by designing the inner conductor of the coaxial horn into a conical structure and extending the coaxial horn mouth surface, the transmission characteristics and radiation characteristics of the differential mode can be further improved, thereby achieving a comprehensive improvement in overall performance.

[0022] 4. The present invention has a wide range of application scenarios. The present invention can not only be used as a high-performance broadband feed source, but also meet the needs of broadband single-pulse self-tracking. Furthermore, the five-octave operating frequency band of the feed source can simultaneously cover multiple frequency bands, such as the C / X / Ku three-band, the X / Ku / Ka three-band, etc. Therefore, the present invention can not only be used as a broadband self-tracking feed source, but also as a multi-band self-tracking feed source. The present invention is suitable for multiple application fields such as broadband feed, multi-band feed, broadband self-tracking feed, and multi-band self-tracking feed.

[0023] 5. The present invention has a compact structure and is easy to realize miniaturization design. The present invention realizes the single pulse self-tracking function through multi-mode sharing technology. Both the sum mode and the differential mode are radiated through the coaxial four-ridged horn mouth surface, and the horn feed source maintains a small size in both axial and radial dimensions.

[0024] 6. The sum and difference beamforming network structure of the present invention is simple and easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the sum and difference beamforming network.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a graph of the feed source and the differential mode reflection coefficient data. The horizontal axis is frequency and the vertical axis is reflection coefficient.

[0030] Figure 6 These are the sum and differential mode radiation patterns of a 5-meter standard forward-fed reflector antenna illuminated by a feed source at 3 GHz.

[0031] Figure 7 These are the sum and differential mode radiation patterns of a 5-meter standard forward-fed reflector antenna illuminated by a feed source at 6 GHz.

[0032] Figure 8 These are the sum and differential mode radiation patterns of a 5-meter standard forward-fed reflector antenna illuminated by a feed source at 9 GHz.

[0033] Figure 9 These are the sum and differential mode radiation patterns of a 5-meter standard forward-fed reflector antenna illuminated by a feed source at 12 GHz.

[0034] Figure 10 These are the sum and differential mode radiation patterns of a 5-meter standard forward-fed reflector antenna illuminated by a feed source at 15 GHz.

[0035] Figures 6 to 10 In the figure, the horizontal axis is the angle and the vertical axis is the amplitude.

[0036] Explanation of the reference numerals: outer conductor of the coaxial horn—1, ridge—2, inner conductor of the coaxial horn—3, choke slot—4, probe—5, reflection cavity—6, bottom plate—7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] An ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed includes a coaxial horn, which includes a nested coaxial horn outer conductor and a coaxial horn inner conductor. The inner wall curve of the coaxial horn outer conductor is divided into two sections from back to front: the first section is a straight line section with a constant radial height, and the second section is a spline function curve section. The contour curve of the coaxial horn inner conductor is divided into two sections from back to front: the first section is a straight line section with a constant radial height, and the second section is a spline function curve section. The radius of the coaxial horn inner conductor in the spline function curve section gradually decreases, forming a tapered structure. Identical ridges are provided on the inner wall of the coaxial horn outer conductor at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° along the circumferential direction. The two ridges at 0° and 180° form a pair of horizontal ridges, responsible for horizontally polarized signals, and the two ridges at 90° and 270° form a pair of vertical ridges, responsible for vertically polarized signals. The two pairs of ridges are perpendicular to each other. The ridge curve of the ridge is divided into three sections from back to front: the first is a straight line with a constant radial height, the second is a linear expansion section with gradually increasing radial height, and the third is a spline function curve. Each ridge is equipped with a probe at the end, perpendicular to the axis of the coaxial horn. The probe is insulated and passes through the outer conductor and ridge before being inserted into the inner conductor of the coaxial horn. The front end of the inner conductor extends beyond the coaxial horn's mouth.

[0039] In addition, the present invention also provides an ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed system, comprising the ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed as described above, and also comprising a sum-and-difference beamforming network. The four probes of the ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed are all connected to the sum-and-difference beamforming network via SMA sockets. The sum-and-difference beamforming network comprises two 180° bridges, a 3dB power splitter, and a 90° bridge. The sum beam signal is synthesized via the two 180° bridges and the 90° bridge, and the difference beam signal is synthesized via the two 180° bridges and the 3dB power splitter.

[0040] Figure 1 The figure shows the three-dimensional structure of the ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed established in the commercial software CST. Figure 2 The figure shows the front structure diagram of the ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed established in the commercial software CST. Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed established in the commercial software CST. The ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed includes a coaxial horn outer conductor 1, a ridge piece 2, a coaxial horn inner conductor 3, a choke slot 4, a probe 5, a reflection cavity 6 and a base plate 7.

[0041] The ultra-wideband multi-mode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed is a pure metal structure, does not contain dielectric materials, and is easy to process and implement.

[0042] The outer conductor 1 of the coaxial horn is a circular horn, and its inner wall curve is divided into two sections. The first section is a straight line section with a constant radial height, which is used to ensure the smooth transmission of energy fed into the horn by the probe 5. The second section is a spline function curve section, whose contour shape is formed by interpolation fitting of 10 discrete points distributed along the axial direction, which is used to achieve good transmission characteristics and radiation characteristics within a broadband frequency range.

[0043] The ridge piece 2 is connected to the inner wall of the outer conductor 1 of the coaxial horn. The root curve of the ridge piece 2 is consistent with the inner wall curve of the outer conductor 1 of the coaxial horn. The ridge curve of the ridge piece 2 is divided into three sections. The first section is a straight line section with a constant radial height, which is used to ensure the smooth transmission of the energy fed by the probe 5. The second section is a linear opening section with a gradually increasing radial height, which is used to guide the energy to transition from the feeding part to the horn entrance. The third section is a spline function curve section, whose contour shape is formed by interpolation fitting of 10 discrete points distributed along the axial direction, which is used to achieve good transmission characteristics and radiation characteristics within a broadband frequency range.

[0044] The inner conductor 3 of the coaxial horn is nested in the outer conductor 1 of the coaxial horn. The central axis of the inner conductor 3 of the coaxial horn is consistent with that of the outer conductor 1 of the coaxial horn. In order to ensure that the feed source and the beam achieve high aperture efficiency in the broadband frequency range, the radius of the inner conductor 3 of the coaxial horn cannot exceed 0.1 ,in, is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency.

[0045] The inner conductor 3 of the coaxial speaker extends out of the outer conductor 1 of the coaxial speaker, and the extension length is 0.05 -0.1 , used to improve the transmission characteristics of the feed difference beam and enhance the aperture efficiency of the feed and beam, where: is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency.

[0046] The contour curve of the inner conductor 3 of the coaxial horn is divided into two sections. The first section is a straight line section with a constant radial height, which is used to ensure that the energy fed by the probe 5 is concentrated and smoothly transmitted between the ridge 2 and the inner conductor 3 of the coaxial horn. The second section is a spline function curve section. The overall shape of the inner conductor 3 of the coaxial horn in the spline function curve section is a conical structure with a gradually decreasing radius, which is used to achieve good transmission characteristics of the feed differential mode.

[0047] In order to ensure the processing accuracy, the radius of the top of the head of the coaxial speaker inner conductor 3 is set to 0.5 mm.

[0048] The choke slot 4 is located at the head of the coaxial horn outer conductor 1. There are two choke slots 4, which are used to improve the rotational symmetry of the feed source and the mode radiation pattern and improve the antenna aperture efficiency.

[0049] The probes 5 are located at the tail of the spine 2 . The probes 5 correspond to the spines 2 one by one, and there are four of them. The probes 5 pass through the outer conductor 1 and the spine 2 of the coaxial speaker and are then inserted into the inner conductor 3 of the coaxial speaker.

[0050] An ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed system is provided. The feed system is based on the above coaxial four-ridged horn feed and uses a probe 5 to connect an external sum and difference beamforming network to excite the TE of the coaxial waveguide. 11 mode and TEM mode.

[0051] Among them, the horizontally polarized TE can be obtained by simultaneously exciting a pair of probes 5 placed horizontally according to the initial phase of 0° and 180° with equal amplitude. 11 The vertically polarized TE can be obtained by simultaneously exciting a pair of probes 5 placed vertically with equal amplitudes at the initial phases of 0° and 180°. 11 The TEM mode can be obtained by simultaneously exciting the four probes 5 with equal amplitudes at the initial phases of 0°, 0°, 0°, and 0°.

[0052] The reflection cavity 6 is located between the probe 5 and the bottom plate 7 at the tail of the coaxial speaker outer conductor 1 and is a circular cylindrical structure. The axial length of the reflection cavity 6 is 0.25 , used to achieve good excitation of coaxial probe to coaxial ridge waveguide and differential mode signal, where, is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown in FIG, the sum and difference beamforming network consists of two 180° bridges, a 3dB power divider and a 90° bridge.

[0054] The sum beam signal is synthesized through two 180° bridges and one 90° bridge. A pair of probes 5 placed horizontally pass through the 180° channel of the 180° bridge to form a horizontally polarized coaxial TE 11 Mode, a pair of probes 5 placed vertically pass through the 180° channel of the 180° bridge to form a vertically polarized coaxial TE 11 mode, horizontally polarized TE 11 mode and vertical polarization TE 11 The mode then passes through a 90° bridge to synthesize circularly polarized TE 11 mode, the two ports of the 90° bridge output left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) TE 11 Mode signal and right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) TE 11 The difference beam signal is synthesized via two 180° bridges and a 3dB power splitter. The two sets of probes 5, placed horizontally and vertically, pass through the 0° channel of the 180° bridge to form two composite signals. These two composite signals then pass through the 3dB power splitter to form a coaxial TEM mode signal.

[0055] The following uses a multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed operating in the 3-15GHz range as an example to verify its transmission and radiation performance. The feed's half-irradiation angle is 50°. The commercial software CST is used to calculate the feed's sum and differential mode reflection coefficients and far-field radiation patterns. The commercial software Grasp is then used to calculate the antenna radiation pattern of the reflector antenna illuminated by the feed.

[0056] Figure 5 is the feed source sum mode and differential mode reflection coefficient. It can be seen that in the operating frequency band of 3-15GHz, the feed source sum mode (linear polarization) reflection coefficient is lower than -13.78dB, and the differential mode reflection coefficient is lower than -7.93dB. Both the sum mode and differential mode have good transmission characteristics.

[0057] Use the feed source to illuminate the 5-meter standard forward-feed reflector antenna with a focal ratio of 0.535. Figures 6 to 10 The following are typical sum-mode and differential-mode antenna patterns at different frequencies. As can be seen, both the sum and difference beams of the antenna have high gain, with minimal sum-difference discrepancy, a distinct null depth of the difference beam, and a large difference slope. Calculations show that within the 3-15 GHz frequency band, the antenna aperture efficiency exceeds 62.3%, and the normalized differential gain (the difference between the peak differential gain and the peak sum gain) exceeds -10 dB, indicating excellent overall antenna electrical performance.

[0058] In summary, the present invention adopts TE in coaxial waveguide 11The dual-mode sharing technology of the TEM / TEM mode combination can simultaneously realize communication and self-tracking functions within the bandwidth of the fifth harmonic. The sum and difference channels of the present invention have excellent performance, compact structure, and wide application scenarios. It is a novel and easy-to-implement ultra-wideband single pulse self-tracking feed system.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed, comprising a coaxial horn, wherein the coaxial horn comprises a coaxial horn outer conductor and a coaxial horn inner conductor nested together; characterized in that: The inner wall curve of the outer conductor of the coaxial horn is divided into two sections from back to front, the first section is a straight line section with a constant radial height, and the second section is a spline function curve section; the contour curve of the inner conductor of the coaxial horn is divided into two sections from back to front, the first section is a straight line section with a constant radial height, and the second section is a spline function curve section, wherein the radius of the inner conductor of the coaxial horn in the spline function curve section gradually decreases to form a tapered structure; the inner wall of the outer conductor of the coaxial horn is provided with identical ridges at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° along the circumferential direction, and the ridge curve of the ridge is divided into three sections from back to front, the first section is a straight line section with a constant radial height, the second section is a linear expansion section with a gradually increasing radial height, and the third section is a spline function curve section; a probe perpendicular to the axis direction of the coaxial horn is provided at the tail of each ridge, and the probe is inserted into the inner conductor of the coaxial horn after passing through the outer conductor and the ridge in an insulated manner; the front end of the inner conductor of the coaxial horn extends beyond the mouth surface of the coaxial horn.

2. The ultra-wideband multi-mode self-tracking coaxial quad-ridged horn feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the inner conductor of the coaxial horn extending outside the coaxial horn mouth is 0.05 -0.1 ,in, is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency.

3. The ultra-wideband multi-mode self-tracking coaxial quad-ridged horn feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum radius of the conductor inside the coaxial speaker does not exceed 0.1 ,in, is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency.

4. The ultra-wideband multi-mode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the top point of the conductor head in the coaxial speaker is 0.3-0.7 mm.

5. The ultra-wideband multi-mode self-tracking coaxial quad-ridged horn feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bottom plate is provided at the tail of the coaxial horn, and a reflection cavity is provided between the probe and the bottom plate, wherein the reflection cavity is a circular cylindrical structure.

6. The ultra-wideband multi-mode self-tracking coaxial quad-ridged horn feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head of the outer conductor of the coaxial horn is also provided with a choke slot.

7. The ultra-wideband multi-mode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the choke slots is 2.

8. An ultra-wideband multi-mode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed system, characterized in that: The method comprises the ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and further comprises a sum-and-difference beamforming network; the four probes of the ultra-wideband multimode self-tracking coaxial four-ridged horn feed are connected to the sum-and-difference beamforming network through SMA sockets; The sum and difference beamforming network includes two 180° bridges, a power splitter and a 90° bridge, the sum beam signal is synthesized via the two 180° bridges and the 90° bridge, and the difference beam signal is synthesized via the two 180° bridges and the power splitter; When combining and beaming signals, a pair of probes placed horizontally pass through the 180° channel of the 180° bridge to form a horizontally polarized coaxial TE 11 A pair of probes placed vertically pass through the 180° channel of the 180° bridge to form a vertically polarized coaxial TE 11 mode, horizontally polarized TE 11 mode and vertical polarization TE 11 The mode then passes through a 90° bridge to synthesize circularly polarized TE 11 mode, the two ports of the 90° bridge output left-hand circularly polarized TE 11 Mode signal and right-hand circularly polarized TE 11 analog signal; When synthesizing the difference beam signal, the two groups of probes placed horizontally and vertically pass through the 0° channels of two 180° bridges respectively to form two groups of synthetic signals, which are then synthesized into coaxial TEM mode signals through a power divider.

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