Remote data transmission method and device for intelligent electric meter

Abstract

The invention discloses a remote data transmission method and device for an intelligent electric meter, and particularly relates to the technical field of communication. A sensor is used for monitoring the power consumption condition of a user, collecting voltage, current, power and electricity consumption data, preprocessing the data and storing the data in an internal memory of the electric meter; the microcontroller analyzes the preprocessed data, preliminarily diagnoses network connection, detects whether the network works normally, automatically switches to a standby network after detecting that the network is abnormal, executes a self-diagnosis process, locates a network fault reason, and automatically switches to the standby network after the network connection is normal. The analyzed power consumption data and fault positioning information are packaged and transmitted to a remote server through current network connection, the fault positioning information is transmitted, technicians can be helped to remotely analyze problems, solutions can be prepared in advance, and on-site troubleshooting time is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and more particularly, to a method and device for remotely transmitting data of an intelligent electric meter. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the smart grid, the traditional power system is gradually transforming towards intelligence, informatization, and automation. As an important part of the smart grid, the intelligent electric meter plays a key role. The intelligent electric meter has the ability to collect and monitor users' electricity consumption data in real time, and can achieve remote data transmission, monitoring, and management. Through the intelligent electric meter, the power company can obtain users' electricity consumption data in real time, and then realize power load management and electricity consumption behavior analysis services.

[0003] However, with the continuous expansion of the application scope of intelligent electric meters, especially the large-scale deployment in urban and rural areas, the traditional manual meter reading and local data transmission methods can no longer meet the requirements of efficient, accurate, and real-time data collection. Therefore, the need for remote data transmission technology has emerged. Through remote data transmission, the power company can reduce the workload of manual meter reading, lower operating costs, and improve the accuracy and real-time nature of data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and device for remotely transmitting data of an intelligent electric meter to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution. A method for remotely transmitting data of an intelligent electric meter specifically includes the following steps: Step S1: Monitor the electricity consumption of users through sensors, collect data on voltage, current, power, and electricity consumption, preprocess it, and store it in the internal memory of the electric meter; Step S2: Analyze the preprocessed data through a microcontroller and conduct a preliminary diagnosis of the network connection to detect whether the network is working properly; Step S3: After detecting a network anomaly, automatically switch to the backup network and execute a self-diagnosis process to locate the cause of the network failure; Step S4: After the network connection is normal, package the analyzed electricity consumption data and the fault location information, and transmit them to the remote server through the current network connection.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, monitoring the electricity consumption of users through sensors, collecting data on voltage, current, power, and electricity consumption, preprocessing it, and storing it in the internal memory of the electric meter specifically includes the following steps: Step A1, Data Acquisition: Use sensors to collect the voltage in the power grid and current data. According to the collected voltage and current data, calculate the instantaneous power. The specific calculation formula is , and calculate the electricity consumption during the time period through the integral of time as , where is the instantaneous power, E is the electricity consumption, is the phase angle between the voltage and the current, and the power factor describes the efficiency of power transmission; Step A2, Data Preprocessing and Storage: Encode, format, and verify the collected data, and remove the noise in the power data through filtering technology. Store the processed voltage, current, power, and electricity consumption data in the internal memory of the electricity meter. Each data record includes a timestamp.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the microcontroller analyzes the preprocessed data and conducts a preliminary diagnosis of the network connection to detect whether the network is working properly. The specific steps are as follows: Step B1, Data Analysis: Extract the preprocessed voltage, current, power, and electricity consumption data from the internal memory of the electricity meter. Calculate the average power as , where is the power at each moment, n is the total number of sampling points, is the average power; by analyzing the electricity consumption data, identify the peak and trough periods of consumption, and set the maximum and minimum power thresholds as and respectively. When the power exceeds the set maximum power threshold, it indicates the peak period; when the power is lower than the set minimum power threshold, it indicates the trough period; Step B2, Network Connection Diagnosis: Judge whether the network connection is abnormal through network delay monitoring, network bandwidth evaluation, and network connection quality evaluation to ensure that the microcontroller can stably transmit data with the network. It further includes the following steps: Step B201, Network Delay Monitoring: Calculate the round-trip time as by measuring the delay between the request and the response, where and are the timestamps of the data packet sending and receiving respectively, is the round-trip time; Step B202, Network Bandwidth Evaluation: The network bandwidth represents the speed of network data transmission and is an important indicator of network performance. Calculate the network bandwidth by sending and receiving data packets of known sizes. The specific formula is: , and calculate the packet loss rate during transmission as , where B is the bandwidth, D is the data volume, T is the transmission time, L is the packet loss rate, is the number of lost data packets, is the total number of data packets sent; Step B203, Network connection quality assessment: Comprehensively evaluate the overall network connection quality based on latency, bandwidth, and packet loss rate. Through comprehensive calculation, obtain a network quality assessment value , where is the weight of each index, Q is the network quality assessment value, is the round-trip time, B is the bandwidth, L is the packet loss rate. When Q exceeds the threshold , it is determined that the network connection is abnormal.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, after detecting a network anomaly, automatically switch to the backup network and execute a self-diagnosis process to locate the cause of the network failure. The specific steps are as follows: Step C1, After detecting that the network quality assessment value exceeds the preset threshold , trigger the automatic switching mechanism and switch to the backup network by changing the network interface to maintain communication continuity; Step C2, Self-diagnosis process: After the switch is completed, verify the connection status of the backup network and perform a self-diagnosis analysis, including network latency analysis, bandwidth analysis, and packet loss rate analysis. During the diagnosis process, based on the latency, bandwidth, and packet loss rate conditions, locate the specific cause of the failure. Further include the following steps: Step C201, Network latency analysis: Send test data packets and record the sending time and receiving time to obtain the round-trip time of a single data packet. Perform multiple tests and calculate the average latency as: , where M is the total number of data packets, is the average latency. When the average latency is higher than the normal value , there is a network congestion problem; Step C202, Bandwidth analysis: By sending and receiving data packets of known size and recording the transmission time, compare the bandwidth of the backup network with the bandwidth in the normal working state to determine whether the bandwidth is sufficient to support the required data transmission. When the bandwidth of the backup network is lower than the standard value of the normal bandwidth, there is a bandwidth bottleneck in the network, and problems such as insufficient link bandwidth and device failures occur; Step C203, Packet loss rate analysis: Count the total number of data packets sent and the number of lost data packets to obtain the packet loss rate. When the packet loss rate exceeds the threshold , network packet loss and interruption problems occur; Step C204, Fault Location: Based on the analysis results of latency, bandwidth, and packet loss rate, locate the specific cause of the network fault: When the latency is high, analyze the routing table and network topology to check if there is a bottleneck problem in the transmission link; When the bandwidth is low, check the configurations of switches and routers to see if there are bandwidth restrictions and excessive device loads; When the packet loss rate is high, check the physical connections, router status, and the health of network interface cards; Step C3, Restore Normal Network Connection: After diagnosing and resolving the network fault, automatically restore to the primary network connection, ensure the data transmission resumes normally, and switch the backup network to the backup state. Automatically switch back to the primary network after the primary network resumes normal operation.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, after the network connection is normal, the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information are packaged and transmitted to the remote server through the current network connection. The specific steps are as follows: Step D1, Generate Transmission Package: Organize the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information into a file, compress the file to generate a compressed package, create a data packet to store the compressed and encoded information, and attach metadata to it to ensure the integrity and correctness during the data transmission process; Step D2, Data Transmission: Use the client software to construct an HTTP POST request, attach authentication information to the request, and transmit the packaged data packet to the remote server using the HTTP POST request through the current network connection. After receiving the data packet, the remote server unpacks and verifies the data, and stores the received power consumption data and fault diagnosis information in the database of the remote server.

[0010] This application also provides a data remote transmission device for an intelligent electric meter, which specifically includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a backup network module, and a data transmission module; The data acquisition module monitors the user's power consumption through sensors, collects voltage, current, power, and power consumption data, preprocesses it, and stores it in the internal memory of the electric meter; The data processing module analyzes the preprocessed data through a microcontroller, and conducts a preliminary diagnosis of the network connection to detect whether the network is working properly; The backup network module automatically switches to the backup network after detecting network anomalies, and executes a self-diagnosis process to locate the cause of the network fault; After the network connection is normal, the data transmission module packages the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information and transmits them to the remote server through the current network connection.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By using sensors to monitor the power consumption of users, collecting voltage, current, power, and power consumption data, preprocessing them and storing them in the internal memory of the electric meter, using a microcontroller to perform data analysis on the preprocessed data, and performing a preliminary diagnosis on the network connection to detect whether the network is working properly. After detecting a network anomaly, it automatically switches to the backup network and executes a self-diagnosis process to locate the cause of the network fault. After the network connection is normal, it packages the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information and transmits them to the remote server through the current network connection. Through automatic network detection and fault location, it can quickly identify and locate network faults, reduce the need for manual intervention, improve the efficiency of fault handling, and reduce the situation of data transmission interruption caused by network faults. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0013] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0014] In the description of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0015] In the description of the present application, the term "for example" is used to mean "serving as an example, illustration, or explanation". Any embodiment described as "for example" in this application is not necessarily construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to implement and use the present invention. In the following description, details are set forth for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that the present invention can be implemented without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not elaborated in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the present invention with unnecessary details. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0016] Embodiment 1

[0017] This embodiment provides a method for remotely transmitting data of an intelligent electricity meter as shown in Figure 1 Figure, which specifically includes the following steps: Step S1: Monitor the user's power consumption situation through a sensor, collect voltage, current, power, and electricity consumption data, preprocess it, and store it in the internal memory of the electricity meter; Step S2: Analyze the preprocessed data through a microcontroller and perform a preliminary diagnosis on the network connection to detect whether the network is working properly; Step S3: After detecting a network anomaly, automatically switch to the backup network and execute a self-diagnosis process to locate the cause of the network failure; Step S4: After the network connection is normal, pack the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information and transmit it to the remote server through the current network connection.

[0018] Preferably, in step S1, monitoring the user's power consumption situation through a sensor, collecting voltage, current, power, and electricity consumption data, preprocessing it, and storing it in the internal memory of the electricity meter helps improve data accuracy, provides a basis for intelligent analysis and user energy conservation, and improves power service efficiency. The specific steps are as follows: Step A1: Data collection: Use a sensor to collect voltage and current data. According to the collected voltage and current data, calculate the instantaneous power. The specific calculation formula is , and calculate the electricity consumption during the time period by integrating over time as , where is the instantaneous power, E is the electricity consumption, is the phase angle between the voltage and the current, and the power factor Describes the efficiency of power transmission; Step A2, Data preprocessing and storage: Encode, format, and verify the collected data, and remove the noise in the power data through filtering technology, reducing the demand for communication bandwidth, reducing the consumption of communication resources, reducing the risk caused by frequent transmission, and storing the processed voltage, current, power, and electricity consumption data in the internal memory of the electric meter. Each data record includes a timestamp to prevent the loss of user electricity consumption information when the network is not connected.

[0019] Preferably, in step S2, the microcontroller analyzes the preprocessed data and conducts a preliminary diagnosis of the network connection to detect whether the network is working properly, improving the system's response ability to faults and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device. The specific steps are as follows: Step B1, Data analysis: Extract the preprocessed voltage, current, power, and electricity consumption data from the internal memory of the electric meter, and calculate the average power based on the stored electricity consumption data as , where is the power at each moment, n is the total number of sampling points, is the average power; by analyzing the electricity data, identify the peak and off-peak consumption periods, and set the maximum and minimum power thresholds as and respectively. When the power exceeds the set maximum power threshold, it represents the peak period; when the power is lower than the set minimum power threshold, it represents the off-peak period; Step B2, Network connection diagnosis: Judge whether the network connection is abnormal through network delay monitoring, network bandwidth evaluation, and network connection quality evaluation to ensure that the microcontroller can stably transmit data with the network, timely discover and solve network problems, and reduce the risk of data loss. It further includes the following steps: Step B201, Network delay monitoring: The network delay is the time required for data to be sent from the microcontroller to the receiving end. By measuring the delay between the request and the response, calculate the round-trip time as , where and are the timestamps of data packet sending and receiving respectively, is the round-trip time; Step B202, Network bandwidth evaluation: The network bandwidth represents the speed of network data transmission and is an important indicator of network performance. Calculate the network bandwidth by sending and receiving data packets of known size. The specific formula is: , and calculate the packet loss rate during the transmission as , where B is the bandwidth, D is the data volume, representing the data volume sent in each data transmission, T is the transmission time, representing the time required to complete the data transmission, and L is the packet loss rate, is the number of lost data packets, is the total number of data packets sent; Step B203, Network connection quality assessment: Comprehensively evaluate the overall network connection quality based on latency, bandwidth, and packet loss rate. Through comprehensive calculation, obtain a network quality assessment value , where are the weights of each index, Q is the network quality assessment value, is the round-trip time, B is the bandwidth, L is the packet loss rate. When Q exceeds the threshold , it is determined that the network connection is abnormal.

[0020] Preferably, in step S3, after detecting a network anomaly, automatically switch to the backup network and execute a self-diagnosis process to locate the cause of the network failure, provide clues for technicians to troubleshoot faults, and quickly repair the problem. The specific steps are as follows: Step C1, After detecting that the network quality assessment value exceeds the preset threshold , trigger the automatic switching mechanism, switch to the backup network by changing the network interface to maintain communication continuity, avoid inconveniences caused by network problems, and improve user satisfaction; Step C2, Self-diagnosis process: After the switch is completed, verify the connection status of the backup network and perform self-diagnosis analysis, including network latency analysis, bandwidth analysis, and packet loss rate analysis. During the diagnosis process, locate the specific cause of the fault based on the latency, bandwidth, and packet loss rate conditions, reduce the need for manual intervention, reduce downtime and manual maintenance costs caused by network failures. It further includes the following steps: Step C201, Network latency analysis: Send test data packets and record the sending time and receiving time to obtain the round-trip time of a single data packet. Perform multiple tests and calculate the average latency as: , where M is the total number of data packets, is the average latency. When the average latency is higher than the normal value , there is a network congestion problem; Step C202, Bandwidth analysis: By sending and receiving data packets of known size and recording the transmission time, compare the bandwidth of the backup network with the bandwidth in the normal working state to determine whether the bandwidth is sufficient to support the required data transmission. When the bandwidth of the backup network is lower than the standard value of the normal bandwidth, there is a bandwidth bottleneck in the network, and problems such as insufficient link bandwidth and device failures occur; Step C203, Packet loss rate analysis: Count the total number of data packets sent and the number of lost data packets to obtain the packet loss rate. When the packet loss rate exceeds the threshold , network packet loss and interruption problems occur; Step C204, Fault location: Combine the analysis results of latency, bandwidth, and packet loss rate to locate the specific cause of the network failure: When there is a high latency situation, analyze the routing table and network topology to check if there is a bottleneck problem in the transmission link; When there is a low bandwidth situation, check the configurations of switches and routers to see if there are bandwidth restrictions and excessive device loads; When there is a high packet loss rate, check the physical connections, router status, and health of network interface cards to ensure that data packets are not lost during transmission; Step C3, Restore normal network connection: After diagnosing and resolving network faults, automatically restore to the main network connection to ensure that data transmission resumes normally, and switch the backup network to the backup state. Automatically switch back to the main network after the main network resumes normal operation.

[0021] Preferably, in step S4, after the network connection is normal, pack the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information, and transmit them to the remote server through the current network connection. The transmission of fault location information helps technicians analyze problems remotely, prepare solutions in advance, and reduce on-site troubleshooting time. The specific steps are as follows: Step D1, Generate a transmission package: Organize the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information into a file, compress the file to generate a compressed package, reduce bandwidth consumption, and accelerate the transmission process. Create a data packet to store the compressed and encoded information, and attach metadata to it to ensure the integrity and correctness during data transmission; Step D2, Data transmission: Use client software to construct an HTTP POST request, and attach authentication information to the request to ensure the security of data transmission. Transmit the packaged data packet to the remote server using an HTTP POST request through the current network connection. After the remote server receives the data packet, unpack and verify the data, and store the received power consumption data and fault diagnosis information in the database of the remote server to ensure effective storage and backup of the data and reduce the risk of local storage loss.

[0022] Embodiment 2

[0023] This embodiment provides a data remote transmission device for an intelligent electric meter, which specifically includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a backup network module, and a data transmission module; The data acquisition module monitors the power consumption of users through sensors, collects voltage, current, power, and power consumption data, and preprocesses and stores them in the internal memory of the electric meter; The data processing module analyzes the preprocessed data through a microcontroller and conducts a preliminary diagnosis of the network connection to detect whether the network is working properly; The standby network module automatically switches to the standby network after detecting network anomalies and executes a self-diagnosis process to locate the cause of the network failure; The data transmission module packs the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information after the network connection is normal and transmits them to the remote server through the current network connection.

[0024] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have their own emphases. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0025] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0026] The present invention is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions, and the combination of the flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram can also be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded computer, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate a device for implementing the functions specified in Figure 1 one or more of the flows Figure 1 or a plurality of flows and / or blocks

[0027] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate a manufactured article including an instruction device, and the instruction device implements the functions specified in Figure 1 one or more of the flows Figure 1 or a plurality of flows and / or blocks

[0028] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process. Thus, the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide for implementing the functions specified in Figure 1 one or more of the flowsFigure 1 Steps of functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0029] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they learn the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0030] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for remote data transmission of a smart meter, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step S1: Monitor the user's power consumption through sensors, collect voltage, current, power and power consumption data, and store them in the internal memory of the meter after preprocessing; Step S2: Analyze the pre-processed data through the microcontroller, and make a preliminary diagnosis of the network connection to detect whether the network is working properly; Step S3: After detecting a network anomaly, automatically switch to the backup network and perform a self-diagnosis process to locate the cause of the network failure; Step S4: After the network connection is normal, the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information are packaged and transmitted to the remote server through the current network connection.

2. The method for remote data transmission of a smart meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the user's power consumption is monitored by sensors, and voltage, current, power and power consumption data are collected, which are pre-processed and stored in the internal memory of the meter. The specific steps are as follows: Step A1: Data collection: Use sensors to collect voltage in the power grid and current Data, according to the collected voltage and current data, calculate the instantaneous power. The specific calculation formula is: and through time The integral is calculated over the time period The power consumption is ,in, is the instantaneous power, E is the power consumption, is the phase angle between voltage and current, power factor describes the efficiency of power transmission; Step A2, data preprocessing and storage: Encode, format and verify the collected data, remove noise in the power data through filtering technology, store the processed voltage, current, power and power consumption data in the internal memory of the meter, and each data record includes a timestamp.

3. The method for remote data transmission of a smart meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the microcontroller performs data analysis on the preprocessed data and performs preliminary diagnosis on the network connection to detect whether the network is working properly. The specific steps are as follows: Step B1, data analysis: extract the pre-processed voltage, current, power and power consumption data from the internal memory of the meter, and calculate the average power based on the stored power consumption data: ,in, is the power at each moment, n is the total number of sampling points, is the average power; by analyzing the power data, we can identify the peak and valley periods of consumption and set the maximum and minimum power thresholds respectively. and ,When the power exceeds the set maximum power threshold, it is represented as a peak period; when the power is lower than the set minimum power threshold, it is represented as a valley period; Step B2, network connection diagnosis: determine whether the network connection is abnormal through network delay monitoring, network bandwidth evaluation and network connection quality evaluation.

4. The method for remote data transmission of a smart meter according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the network connection diagnosis of step B2, judging whether the network connection is abnormal by monitoring the network delay, evaluating the network bandwidth and evaluating the network connection quality further includes the following steps: Step B201, network delay monitoring: By measuring the delay between the request and the response, the round trip time is calculated as ,in, and are the timestamps of the data packet sending and receiving, is the round trip time; Step B202, network bandwidth evaluation: Calculate the network bandwidth by sending and receiving data packets of known size. The specific formula is: , and calculate the packet loss rate during transmission as , where B is the bandwidth, D is the data volume, T is the transmission time, and L is the packet loss rate. is the number of packets lost, is the total number of packets sent; Step B203, network connection quality assessment: Comprehensively evaluate the overall network connection quality by combining delay, bandwidth and packet loss rate, and obtain a network quality assessment value through comprehensive calculation. ,in, is the weight of each indicator, Q is the network quality evaluation value, is the round trip time, B is the bandwidth, L is the packet loss rate, when Q exceeds the threshold , it is judged that the network connection is abnormal.

5. The method for remote data transmission of a smart meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, after a network anomaly is detected, the network is automatically switched to a backup network, and a self-diagnosis process is performed to locate the cause of the network failure. The specific steps are as follows: Step C1: When the network quality evaluation value exceeds the preset threshold, After that, the automatic switching mechanism is triggered to switch to the backup network by changing the network interface to maintain the continuity of communication; Step C2, self-diagnosis process: after the switch is completed, verify the connection status of the backup network and perform self-diagnosis analysis, including network delay analysis, bandwidth analysis and packet loss rate analysis. During the diagnosis process, locate the specific cause of the fault based on the delay, bandwidth and packet loss rate. Step C3, restore normal network connection: After diagnosing and solving the network failure, automatically restore to the main network connection, and switch the standby network to the backup state, and automatically switch back to the main network after the main network returns to normal.

6. A method for remote data transmission of a smart meter according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the self-diagnosis process of step C2, after the switching is completed, the connection status of the standby network is verified, and self-diagnosis analysis is performed, including network delay analysis, bandwidth analysis and packet loss rate analysis. During the diagnosis process, the specific cause of the fault is located according to the delay, bandwidth and packet loss rate, and the following steps are further included: Step C201, network delay analysis: send a test data packet and record the sending time and receiving time to obtain the round-trip time of a single data packet. Perform multiple tests and calculate the average delay as follows: , where M is the total number of packets, is the average delay. When the average delay is higher than normal , there are network congestion problems; Step C202, bandwidth analysis: by sending and receiving data packets of known size, recording the transmission time, comparing the bandwidth of the backup network with the bandwidth under normal working conditions, to determine whether the bandwidth is sufficient to support the required data transmission. When the bandwidth of the backup network is lower than the standard value of the normal bandwidth, the network has a bandwidth bottleneck, and there are problems such as insufficient link bandwidth and equipment failure. Step C203, packet loss rate analysis: Count the total number of packets sent and the number of packets lost to obtain the packet loss rate. When the packet loss rate exceeds the threshold , network packet loss and interruption problems occur; Step C204, fault location: Based on the analysis results of delay, bandwidth and packet loss rate, locate the specific cause of the network fault: When high latency occurs, analyze the routing table and network topology to see if there is a transmission link bottleneck. When low bandwidth occurs, check the configuration of switches and routers to see if there is bandwidth limitation or excessive device load; When high packet loss occurs, check the physical connection, router status, and the health of the network interface card.

7. The method for remote data transmission of a smart meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, after the network connection is normal, the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information are packaged and transmitted to the remote server through the current network connection. The specific steps are as follows: Step D1, generating a transmission package: arranging the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information into a file, compressing the file, generating a compressed package, creating a data packet to store the compressed and encoded information, and attaching metadata to it to ensure the integrity and correctness of the data transmission process; Step D2, data transmission: Use the client software to construct an HTTP POST request, and attach authentication information to the request. Use the HTTP POST request to transmit the packaged data packet to the remote server through the current network connection. After the remote server receives the data packet, it unpacks and verifies the data, and stores the received power consumption data and fault diagnosis information in the database of the remote server.

8. A data remote transmission device for a smart meter is applied to a data remote transmission method for a smart meter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a backup network module, and a data transmission module; The data acquisition module monitors the user's power consumption through sensors, collects voltage, current, power and power consumption data, and stores them in the internal memory of the meter after preprocessing; The data processing module performs data analysis on the pre-processed data through a microcontroller, and performs preliminary diagnosis on the network connection to detect whether the network is working properly; The standby network module automatically switches to the standby network after detecting a network anomaly, and performs a self-diagnosis process to locate the cause of the network failure; The data transmission module packages the analyzed power consumption data and fault location information after the network connection is normal, and transmits them to the remote server through the current network connection.

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