Planting method of sweet corn capable of being eaten unripe

Abstract

The invention provides a planting mode of sweet corn capable of being eaten unripe, and relates to the technical field of sweet corn planting, and the planting mode comprises the following planting steps: step 1, planting environment selection, step 2, seed selection, step 3, fertilizer application, step 4, pest control, and step 5, field management. The method comprises the following steps: 1, selecting a planting environment: selecting a soil condition and a water source condition; step 2, seed selection, including variety selection and seed disinfection; step 3, fertilizer application: application of an organic fertilizer, application of a microbial fertilizer, nutrition regulation and control and application of a fertilizer additive; 4, disease and pest control including physical control, chemical control and biological control; 5, field management includes rational close planting, intertillage weeding and timely irrigation and drainage. The invention has the advantages of reducing the intake of harmful substances, ensuring the body health of eaters, reducing the pollution to soil, water sources and air, protecting the ecological environment, utilizing advanced means and improving the resource utilization rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sweet corn cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method for raw-eatable sweet corn. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of people's living standards and the deepening of the concept of health, raw-eatable sweet corn has become increasingly popular among consumers in the market due to its sweet and delicious flavor and rich nutritional components. However, at present, the raw-eatable sweet corn in the market is generally troubled by serious excessive residues of agricultural chemicals and heavy metals. In the traditional cultivation process, in order to obtain high yields and effectively control pests and diseases, a large amount of highly toxic and high-residue pesticides and chemical fertilizers are used, resulting in the absorption of excessive harmful substances by sweet corn during the growth stage. These agricultural chemical residues and heavy metals not only pose a potential threat to human health in the consumption link, such as damaging the human nervous system, immune system, etc., but also greatly affect the quality and market reputation of raw-eatable sweet corn. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the disadvantages existing in the prior art, and a cultivation method for raw-eatable sweet corn is proposed. The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0004] A cultivation method for raw-eatable sweet corn includes the following cultivation steps: Step 1, selection of cultivation environment; Step 2, selection of seeds; Step 3, use of fertilizers; Step 4, prevention and control of pests and diseases; Step 5, field management.

[0005] Step 1, selection of cultivation environment includes selection of soil conditions and selection of water source conditions;

[0006] Step 2, selection of seeds includes variety selection and seed disinfection;

[0007] Step 3, use of fertilizers includes use of organic fertilizers, use of microbial bacterial fertilizers, nutritional regulation, and use of fertilizer additives;

[0008] Step 4, prevention and control of pests and diseases includes physical control, chemical control, and biological control;

[0009] Step 5, field management includes reasonable close planting, intertillage and weeding, and timely irrigation and drainage.

[0010] As an improvement, for the selection of soil conditions: carefully select the land far from industrial pollution areas, main traffic arteries and with excellent ecological environment;

[0011] For the selection of water source conditions: construct a real-time water quality monitoring system, regularly detect the irrigation water source, and ensure that the contents of heavy metals, agricultural chemical residues and other harmful substances in the water do not exceed the national standards for irrigation water quality of farmland.

[0012] As an improvement, the variety selection: carefully select high-quality, high-yield, disease-resistant sweet corn varieties suitable for raw consumption;

[0013] Seed disinfection: Before sowing, disinfect the seeds to kill the germs and insect eggs carried on the seed surface.

[0014] As an improvement, the use of organic fertilizers: In addition to traditional farmyard manure, compost, and green manure, introduce new organic materials;

[0015] Use of microbial agents: In addition to rhizobium fertilizer, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria fertilizer, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria fertilizer, introduce growth-promoting bacteria fertilizer. Growth-promoting bacteria can produce plant hormones, stimulate the root growth of sweet corn, and enhance the root's ability to absorb nutrients;

[0016] Nutrient regulation: Deploy a soil nutrient sensor network to monitor the content of macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, as well as micronutrients such as iron, zinc, and boron in the soil in real-time;

[0017] Use of fertilizer additives: Add biostimulants to fertilizers. Humic acid can improve the effectiveness of nutrients in the soil and promote the absorption of nutrients by the roots of sweet corn; Seaweed extracts contain various plant growth regulators, which can enhance the stress resistance of sweet corn and improve its resistance to pests and diseases.

[0018] As an improvement, the physical control: Use an insect-proof net with an automatic opening and closing function. During the critical growth period of sweet corn, when it is detected that pests are active frequently outside, the insect-proof net automatically closes to prevent pests from migrating in;

[0019] Upgrade traditional light trapping equipment and introduce a multi-spectral pest trapping device. This device can emit light of specific wavelengths to accurately trap pests according to the phototactic characteristics of different pests;

[0020] Develop a new type of biodegradable pest-catching material for making pest-catching boards and pest-catching tapes;

[0021] Chemical control: In terms of chemical control, strictly select green chemical pesticides that meet EU standards and have minimal harm to the environment and human body;

[0022] Increase the R & D investment in botanical pesticides and microbial pesticides, search for effective alternative products to chemical pesticides, extract insecticidal and bactericidal active ingredients from plants, and develop them into botanical pesticides;

[0023] Biological control: Establish a natural enemy insect conservation area, plant a variety of nectar plants and shelter plants around the sweet corn planting area to provide rich food sources and habitats for natural enemy insects;

[0024] Develop a precise application technology for biological pesticides. Use drones equipped with high-resolution image recognition systems to identify the types and severity of pests and diseases on sweet corn plants;

[0025] During the growth period of sweet corn, regularly spray plant immune activators.

[0026] As an improvement, the reasonable close planting: Based on the characteristics of sweet corn varieties, soil fertility, and planting methods, with the help of agricultural big data and crop simulation models, accurately determine the reasonable planting density;

[0027] Intertillage and weeding: During the growth period of sweet corn, carry out intertillage and weeding. Use intelligent intertillage and weeding equipment, and utilize image recognition technology and robotic arms to accurately identify and remove weeds, avoiding damage to the roots of sweet corn;

[0028] Timely irrigation and drainage: According to the water requirement law of sweet corn growth and weather conditions, use the soil moisture monitoring system and meteorological forecast data to realize the intelligent management of irrigation and drainage.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] A planting method for raw-eatable sweet corn of the present invention can reduce the intake of harmful substances, ensure the physical health of consumers. At the same time, the quality is significantly better than that of sweet corn planted traditionally, improving the market competitiveness of the product. This planting method can also reduce the pollution of soil, water source, and air, protect the ecological environment, utilize advanced means, improve the resource utilization rate, and reduce the production cost. Specific implementation manners

[0031] In order to make the content of the present invention easier to be clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below.

[0032] Step 1. Selection of planting environment:

[0033] Selection of soil conditions: Carefully select land far from industrial pollution areas, main traffic roads, and with excellent ecological environment. The soil should be fertile, loose, well-drained, and rich in organic matter. During the planting preparation stage, use high-precision soil detection equipment to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the soil, ensuring that the heavy metal content in the soil strictly complies with relevant national food safety standards and the requirements set by the European Union for the soil environment of agricultural products. For soil that does not meet the standards, use composite remediation technologies for improvement, integrating physical, chemical, and biological remediation means. For example, replace the surface soil by the method of importing good soil, use microorganisms to degrade heavy metals in the soil, and apply soil conditioners to improve the soil structure and pH value;

[0034] Selection of water source conditions: Ensure that the irrigation water source is clean and pollution-free. Priority should be given to natural mountain spring water, river water, or groundwater that has undergone deep purification treatment. Build a real-time water quality monitoring system and regularly test the irrigation water source to ensure that the content of heavy metals, pesticide residues, and other harmful substances in the water does not exceed the national standards for farmland irrigation water quality. At the same time, build an intelligent irrigation system, adopt water-saving irrigation methods such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, and automatically adjust the irrigation volume according to soil moisture sensors and meteorological data to prevent soil nutrient loss and environmental pollution caused by flood irrigation.

[0035] Step 2. Seed treatment:

[0036] Variety selection: Carefully select high-quality, high-yield, disease-resistant sweet corn varieties suitable for raw consumption. In addition, actively cooperate with scientific research institutions, participate in sweet corn variety breeding projects, and cultivate new varieties that are more suitable for the ecological planting environment and have lower agricultural residue and heavy metal enrichment capabilities;

[0037] Seed disinfection: Before sowing, disinfect the seeds to kill the germs and insect eggs carried on the seed surface. Adopt a multi-component composite disinfection method and soak the seeds in a solution containing beneficial microbial agents, plant-derived antibacterial agents, and nano silver ions. These components work together to build multiple protective films on the seed surface, inhibit the growth of harmful germs, and at the same time promote seed germination and seedling growth.

[0038] Step 3. Fertilizer application:

[0039] Application of organic fertilizers: In addition to traditional farmyard manure, compost, and green manure, introduce new organic materials. For example, use agricultural product processing waste, such as the residues after corn starch processing and bagasse, to make organic fertilizers through special fermentation processes. These wastes are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, etc., and can provide long-term nutrients for sweet corn after fermentation. At the same time, increase the use of earthworm manure, which contains rich beneficial microorganisms and humus, can significantly improve the soil structure, and enhance the soil's ability to retain fertilizers and water. Before planting, mix different types of organic fertilizers in a certain proportion and use the layered fertilization method. Bury the organic fertilizers deep into the soil during deep plowing to provide continuous nutrients for the late growth of sweet corn, and apply them on the surface during shallow plowing to meet the nutrient requirements during the seedling stage;

[0040] Application of microbial fertilizers: In addition to rhizobium fertilizers, phosphate-solubilizing bacterial fertilizers, and potassium-solubilizing bacterial fertilizers, growth-promoting bacterial fertilizers are introduced, such as bacterial fertilizers containing Azospirillum and Pseudomonas. These growth-promoting bacteria can produce plant hormones, stimulate the root growth of sweet corn, enhance the root's ability to absorb nutrients, adopt the technology of compounding bacterial fertilizers, mix different functional microbial fertilizers in a scientific ratio, and during the growth period of sweet corn, apply fertilizers in small amounts multiple times through a drip irrigation system. In addition to the base fertilizer, apply microbial fertilizers at the seedling stage, jointing stage, and tasseling stage respectively to ensure that the microorganisms continuously play a role in the soil and improve the fertilizer utilization rate;

[0041] Nutrient regulation: Deploy a soil nutrient sensor network to monitor the content of macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, as well as micronutrients such as iron, zinc, and boron in the soil in real time. With the help of big data analysis and artificial intelligence algorithms, combined with the variety characteristics, growth stage, and meteorological data of sweet corn, construct a precise fertilization model. This model can automatically generate personalized fertilization plans based on real-time monitoring data, accurately calculate the types, dosages, and fertilization times of fertilizers required at different growth stages. At the same time, use drones equipped with hyperspectral imaging technology to scan sweet corn plants regularly, analyze the nutritional status of the plants, and further optimize the fertilization plan to achieve the intelligence and dynamicization of precise nutrient regulation;

[0042] Application of fertilizer additives: Add biostimulants to fertilizers, such as humic acid, seaweed extracts, etc. Humic acid can improve the availability of nutrients in the soil and promote the absorption of nutrients by the roots of sweet corn. Seaweed extracts contain various plant growth regulators, which can enhance the stress resistance of sweet corn and improve its resistance to pests and diseases. In addition, introduce nano-fertilizer synergists, such as nano-titanium dioxide, nano-zinc oxide, etc. These nano-materials can adsorb the nutrients in the fertilizer, release them slowly, extend the fertilizer efficiency period of the fertilizer, and improve the fertilizer utilization rate. Before fertilization, fully mix the nano-fertilizer synergist with the fertilizer to ensure its uniform distribution in the fertilizer.

[0043] Step 4: Optimization of pest and disease control:

[0044] Physical control:

[0045] Intelligent insect-proof net system: Adopt an insect-proof net with an automatic opening and closing function. During the critical growth periods of sweet corn, such as the seedling stage and heading stage, when it is detected that the external pests are active frequently, the insect-proof net automatically closes to prevent pests from migrating in. The material of the insect-proof net is selected as a high-strength, anti-aging material with a nano-antibacterial coating, which can not only effectively prevent insects but also inhibit the growth of bacteria on the net surface and reduce the risk of diseases transmitted by contact. Set vibration sensors around the insect-proof net. When pests try to break through the insect-proof net, the sensors trigger an alarm to remind the grower to deal with it in time;

[0046] Multi - spectral pest trapping device: Upgrade the traditional light - trapping equipment by introducing a multi - spectral pest trapping device. This device can emit light of specific wavelengths to precisely trap different pests according to their phototactic characteristics. At the same time, combined with odor - trapping technology, an attractant that simulates the sex pheromone or food odor of pests is added to the device to enhance the trapping effect. The trapping device is equipped with an automatic cleaning and collection function, regularly cleaning the captured pests into a special collection container to avoid the accumulation of pest corpses affecting the trapping efficiency;

[0047] Innovation of biodegradable pest - sticking materials: Develop a new type of biodegradable pest - sticking material for making pest - sticking boards and pest - sticking tapes. This material uses natural polymers such as starch and cellulose as raw materials and adds plant extracts with viscosity. The surface of the pest - sticking material is designed as a micro - nano structure to increase viscosity and adhesion, enabling more effective trapping of small pests. The pest - sticking boards and pest - sticking tapes are printed with pest patterns and pheromone slow - release points using environmentally friendly inks to further improve the trapping effect. After use, these pest - sticking materials can be rapidly degraded in the natural environment, reducing pollution to the soil and environment.

[0048] Biological control:

[0049] Precise release and protection of natural enemy insects: Establish a natural enemy insect conservation area, plant a variety of nectar - producing plants and shelter plants around the sweet corn planting area to provide rich food sources and habitats for natural enemy insects. Use insect monitoring technology to real - time monitor the dynamics of pest populations. When the number of pests reaches a certain threshold, precisely release the corresponding natural enemy insects. At the same time, through gene - editing technology, improve the adaptability of natural enemy insects to the local environment and their predation ability on pests;

[0050] Precise application and compound synergism of biopesticides: Develop a precise application technology for biopesticides. Use a drone equipped with a high - resolution image recognition system to identify the types and severity of pests and diseases on sweet corn plants. According to the recognition results, precisely apply biopesticides through variable spraying technology to avoid large - area blind spraying;

[0051] Application of plant immune activators: During the growth period of sweet corn, regularly spray plant immune activators. These immune activators can induce systemic resistance in sweet corn plants, enhancing their resistance to pests and diseases. At the same time, combined with foliar fertilization, mix the plant immune activators with trace element fertilizers and spray them together to supplement the nutrients required for plant growth while enhancing plant resistance.

[0052] Chemical control:

[0053] Screening and Precise Application of Green Chemical Pesticides: In terms of chemical control, strictly screen green chemical pesticides that meet EU standards and pose minimal harm to the environment and human body. Use rapid pesticide residue detection technology to detect soil and irrigation water before pesticide application to ensure no risk of excessive pesticide residues in the environment. During pesticide application, adopt precise pesticide application technology. At the same time, establish a pesticide use traceability system to record the use time, location, type, and dosage of pesticides for easy supervision and quality control;

[0054] Research and Development of Substitutes for Botanical Pesticides and Microbial Pesticides: Increase investment in the research and development of botanical pesticides and microbial pesticides, search for effective substitute products for chemical pesticides, extract insecticidal and bactericidal active ingredients from plants. At the same time, use genetic engineering technology to transform microorganisms to improve their control effect on pests and diseases, and develop new microbial pesticides. In some areas with severe pest and disease occurrences, pilot the application of botanical pesticides and microbial pesticides and gradually reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides.

[0055] Step Five: Field Management

[0056] Rational Close Planting: Based on the characteristics of sweet corn varieties, soil fertility, and planting methods, accurately determine the reasonable planting density with the help of agricultural big data and crop simulation models. Rational close planting can not only make full use of land resources and light conditions but also ensure good ventilation and light transmission between plants, reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases. At the same time, adopt the wide-narrow row planting method to increase field ventilation and light and improve the photosynthesis efficiency of sweet corn;

[0057] Intertillage and Weeding: During the growth period of sweet corn, conduct intertillage and weeding. The intertillage depth should be gradually increased according to the growth stage of corn. Use intelligent intertillage and weeding equipment, and use image recognition technology and robotic arms to accurately identify and remove weeds to avoid damaging the roots of sweet corn. Intertillage and weeding can not only loosen the soil, promote root growth, but also remove field weeds, reduce the competition for nutrients and water between weeds and sweet corn, and at the same time destroy the habitat of pests;

[0058] Timely Irrigation and Drainage: According to the water requirement law of sweet corn growth and weather conditions, use the soil moisture monitoring system and meteorological forecast data to realize intelligent management of irrigation and drainage. During the seedling stage of sweet corn, keep the soil moist to avoid excessive watering causing seedlings to grow spindly. During the jointing stage, tasseling stage, and filling stage, the water requirement is large, and irrigation should be carried out in a timely manner to ensure that the soil moisture content remains at the required water holding capacity. During the rainy season, pay attention to timely drainage to avoid waterlogging in the field causing root hypoxia and rot. At the same time, adopt a rainwater collection system to collect rainwater for irrigation to save water resources.

[0059] Health and Safety: By adopting optimized ecological planting methods and strictly controlling the use of pesticides and fertilizers, the pesticide residues and heavy metal content in ready-to-eat sweet corn are significantly reduced, meeting EU standards. When consumers eat such sweet corn, they can effectively reduce the intake of harmful substances and ensure their physical health.

[0060] Excellent Quality: Under ecological planting conditions, sweet corn has a superior growth environment, balanced nutrient supply, and effective control of pests and diseases. This makes the sweet corn taste sweeter, crisper, and more nutritious, with significantly better quality than sweet corn grown traditionally, enhancing the market competitiveness of the product.

[0061] Environmentally Friendly: Reducing the use of highly toxic and high-residue pesticides and fertilizers reduces pollution to soil, water sources, and air, protecting the ecological environment. At the same time, the use of microbial fertilizers and biological pesticides promotes the balance of the soil ecosystem and the development of biodiversity.

[0062] Efficient and Precise: By using advanced technical means such as soil detection equipment, intelligent irrigation systems, and plant protection robots, precise management of the planting process is achieved, improving resource utilization efficiency, reducing production costs, and increasing planting benefits.

[0063] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this invention patent and are not intended to limit this invention patent. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this invention patent shall be included within the protection scope of this invention patent.

Claims

1. A method for planting edible sweet corn, characterized in that: The following planting steps are included: step 1, selection of planting environment, step 2, seed selection, step 3, use of fertilizer, step 4, pest and disease control, step 5, field management; Step 1: Planting environment selection includes soil condition selection and water source condition selection; Step 2: Seed selection includes variety selection and seed disinfection; Step 3: Fertilizer use includes organic fertilizer use, microbial fertilizer use, nutrition regulation and fertilizer additive use; Step 4: Pest and disease control includes physical control, chemical control and biological control; Step 5: Field management includes reasonable density planting, inter-row cultivation and weeding, and timely irrigation and drainage.

2. A method for planting edible sweet corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil condition selection: carefully select the land which is far away from industrial pollution area, traffic trunk road and has good ecological environment; Selection of water source conditions: Build a real-time water quality monitoring system and regularly test irrigation water sources to ensure that the content of heavy metals, pesticide residues and other harmful substances in the water does not exceed the national standards for farmland irrigation water quality.

3. The planting method of edible sweet corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: Variety selection: Carefully select sweet corn varieties that are high-quality, high-yield, disease-resistant and suitable for raw consumption; Seed disinfection: Before sowing, the seeds should be disinfected to kill the pathogens and insect eggs on the surface of the seeds.

4. The planting method of edible sweet corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is used by: in addition to the traditional farmyard manure, compost and green manure, introducing new organic fertilizers; Use of microorganisms: In addition to rhizobium fertilizer, phosphate-dissolving fertilizer, and potassium-dissolving fertilizer, growth-promoting fertilizer is introduced. Growth-promoting bacteria can produce plant hormones, stimulate the growth of sweet corn roots, and enhance the root system's ability to absorb nutrients; Nutritional regulation: Deploy a soil nutrient sensor network to monitor the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and other macroelements and trace elements such as iron, zinc and boron in the soil in real time; Use of fertilizer additives: Adding biostimulants and humic acid to fertilizers can improve the effectiveness of nutrients in the soil and promote the absorption of nutrients by the roots of sweet corn; seaweed extract contains a variety of plant growth regulators, which can enhance the stress resistance of sweet corn and improve its resistance to diseases and pests.

5. The planting method of edible sweet corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: Physical control: using an insect-proof net with automatic opening and closing function. During the critical period of sweet corn growth, when frequent external pest activities are detected, the insect-proof net will automatically close to prevent pests from migrating in; Upgrade the traditional light trapping equipment and introduce a multi-spectrum pest trapping device, which can emit light of specific wavelengths to accurately trap different pests based on their phototropism characteristics; Research and develop new biodegradable insect-sticking materials for making insect-sticking boards and insect-sticking tapes; Chemical control: In terms of chemical control, we strictly select green chemical pesticides that meet EU standards and have minimal harm to the environment and human body; Increase investment in the research and development of botanical pesticides and microbial pesticides, find effective alternatives to chemical pesticides, extract insecticidal and fungicidal ingredients from plants, and develop botanical pesticides; Biological control: Establish natural enemy insect conservation areas and plant a variety of nectar plants and shelter plants around the sweet corn planting area to provide abundant food sources and habitats for natural enemy insects; Develop precision biopesticide application technology, using drones equipped with high-resolution image recognition systems to identify the type and severity of pests and diseases on sweet corn plants; During the growth period of sweet corn, spray plant immune activators regularly.

6. The planting method of edible sweet corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: Reasonable density planting: Based on the characteristics of sweet corn varieties, soil fertility and planting methods, with the help of agricultural big data and crop simulation models, the reasonable planting density is accurately determined; Intertillage weeding: During the growth period of sweet corn, intertillage weeding is carried out. Intelligent intertillage weeding equipment is used, and image recognition technology and robotic arms are used to accurately identify and remove weeds to avoid damage to the sweet corn root system. Timely irrigation and drainage: Based on the water requirements of sweet corn and weather conditions, the soil moisture monitoring system and weather forecast data are used to achieve intelligent management of irrigation and drainage.