Automatic auxiliary sputum excretion device for critical patient

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic auxiliary sputum excretion device for a critical patient, and relates to the technical field of auxiliary sputum excretion devices.The automatic auxiliary sputum excretion device comprises a base used for supporting a guiding and stretching pipe and a middle-position seat arranged on the base, and the middle-position seat is provided with a negative air cylinder used for providing negative pressure suction force for the interior of the guiding and stretching pipe to assist sputum excretion; the base is provided with a pressing and discharging mechanism for discharging thick sputum, the pressing and discharging mechanism comprises an elastic metal wire which is arranged in the guiding and stretching pipe and is coaxial with the guiding and stretching pipe, and the middle position seat is provided with a fixed moving assembly for driving the transverse position seat to reciprocate in the horizontal transverse direction. The head winding part of the elastic metal wire can disturb sputum entering the guiding and stretching tube in the moving process, thick sputum is prevented from being attached to the inner wall of the guiding and stretching tube or blocking the inlet end of the guiding and stretching tube, it is ensured that follow-up sputum can be smoothly discharged, meanwhile, the position of the inlet end of the guiding and stretching tube in the airway can be automatically adjusted, and the working efficiency is improved. Therefore, the sputum excretion effect and thoroughness are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary sputum drainage devices, and particularly to an automatic auxiliary sputum drainage device for critically ill patients. Background Art

[0002] In the medical field, respiratory diseases are common and frequently-occurring diseases among humans. Especially for critically ill patients, the problem of sputum retention is more prominent. Sputum accumulates in the respiratory tract, which not only causes harm to the body, but also promotes the reproduction and growth of microorganisms in the respiratory tract, leading to the deterioration of the disease and aggravating the infection. When there is a large amount of thick sputum, it may block the bronchus, causing serious consequences such as hypoxia and even atelectasis. Therefore, timely clearing of respiratory secretions and maintaining the patency of the respiratory tract are crucial for the recovery of critically ill patients.

[0003] Existing auxiliary sputum drainage devices usually adopt the method of inserting a trachea into the patient's airway and using negative pressure to aspirate sputum in the airway to achieve the purpose of auxiliary sputum drainage. However, during the sputum drainage process, thick sputum is easily attached to the inner wall of the trachea, thus hindering the subsequent discharge of sputum and affecting the efficiency and effect of sputum drainage. In addition, during the sputum drainage process, medical staff need to manually adjust the insertion depth of the trachea to aspirate sputum at different airway positions. However, the method of manually adjusting the trachea depth is difficult to accurately master, and it is difficult to ensure that the extraction depth of the trachea is appropriate, and thus it is difficult to ensure the thoroughness of sputum discharge in the airway. Therefore, an automatic auxiliary sputum drainage device for critically ill patients is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic auxiliary sputum drainage device for critically ill patients, which has the advantages of disturbing sputum and improving the effect and thoroughness of sputum drainage, and solves the problem of difficulty in ensuring the thoroughness of discharge in the airway.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An automatic auxiliary sputum drainage device for critically ill patients includes a base for supporting an extension tube and a middle seat provided on the base. A negative air cylinder for providing negative pressure suction in the extension tube to assist sputum drainage is provided on the middle seat, and a pressure drainage mechanism for discharging and treating thick sputum is provided on the base;

[0006] The pressure drainage mechanism includes an elastic metal wire disposed inside the extension tube and coaxial with the extension tube. The end of the elastic metal wire includes an integrally formed winding head. A horizontal seat is provided on the middle seat and a slot for the horizontal transverse sliding of the horizontal seat is provided. A horizontal shaft that moves horizontally and transversely in synchronization with the elastic metal wire and is inserted and fixed is provided on the horizontal seat, and a fixed displacement component for driving the horizontal seat to reciprocate horizontally is provided on the middle seat;

[0007] A sealing plate is provided on the horizontal axis for fixed rotation, and the outer peripheral surface of the sealing plate is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the negative gas cylinder, and the negative gas cylinder and the extension tube are in gas communication. A side extension component is provided on the middle seat for driving the horizontal axis to freely rotate in the vertical direction when the horizontal axis moves horizontally;

[0008] The base is provided with a pulling and extending component which drives the middle seat to move quantitatively in the horizontal lateral direction so as to drive the guide extension tube to be pulled out quantitatively from the patient's trachea.

[0009] Preferably, the guide tube includes an integrally formed branch pipe portion, and the negative air cylinder includes an integrally formed air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe and the branch pipe portion are detachably connected and gas-connected;

[0010] The negative air cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle seat.

[0011] Preferably, the fixed displacement assembly includes a driving rod that can rotate freely in the horizontal direction. The driving rod rotates on a fixed axis on a middle seat. The transverse seat is fixedly connected to an end rod at one end of the driving rod. A positioning pin is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the driving rod. A positioning groove is provided on the end rod for the positioning pin to slide into.

[0012] Preferably, the movement speed of the end rod and the transverse seat in the horizontal lateral direction is from slow to fast and then gradually becomes slower.

[0013] Preferably, the middle seat is provided with an active disk which is driven by a motor and rotates on a fixed axis on the middle seat, a driven disk is coaxially fixed on the driving rod, a connecting rod is provided on the driven disk, and the head and tail ends of the connecting rod are respectively rotated on the active disk and the driven disk on a fixed axis;

[0014] The distance between the connecting rod head end and the rotation center point of the driving disk is smaller than the distance between the connecting rod end end and the rotation center point of the driven disk.

[0015] Preferably, the side extension assembly comprises a guide column fixedly connected to the middle seat, a guide seat is slidably sleeved on the guide column, a horizontally arranged co-positioned rack is fixedly rotated on the guide seat, a rectangular groove for horizontal longitudinal sliding connection of the co-positioned rack is provided on the transverse seat, the co-positioned rack is meshedly connected with a co-positioned gear, and the co-positioned gear is coaxially fixed on the transverse shaft;

[0016] Two groups of bearing seats are fixedly connected to the transverse seat, and the transverse shaft rotates on the two groups of bearing seats.

[0017] Preferably, the guide column and the middle seat are not arranged in parallel.

[0018] Preferably, the pulling and stretching assembly comprises an inner ratchet disk which is fixedly rotated on the middle seat and coaxially arranged with the driven disk, the outer peripheral surface of the driven disk is provided with a plurality of groups of clearance grooves arranged in a circular array, and a ratchet is fixedly rotated on the clearance groove, and the ratchet is meshedly connected with the inner ratchet disk;

[0019] A central gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the inner spine disc, and the central gear is meshed with a side rack. A limiting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the base corresponding to the position of the side rack. An accommodating groove for the side rack to slide is formed on the limiting frame, and a plurality of reset springs are arranged in the accommodating groove. The two ends of the reset spring are respectively fixedly connected to the side rack and the limiting frame;

[0020] The horizontal two sides of the middle seat respectively include a group of integrally formed side convex parts, and transverse convex grooves for the side convex parts to horizontally slide are formed on the base.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. By setting the pressing and discharging mechanism, the winding head of the elastic metal wire can disturb the sputum entering the extension tube during the movement process, prevent thick sputum from adhering to the inner wall of the extension tube or blocking the inlet end of the extension tube, ensure that the subsequent sputum can be smoothly discharged, and at the same time, can automatically adjust the position of the inlet end of the extension tube in the airway, thereby improving the sputum discharging effect and thoroughness.

[0023] 2. By setting the fixed and moving component, by reasonably controlling the magnitude and variation law of the negative pressure suction, over-stimulation and damage to the airway mucosa are avoided. At the same time, the setting of the one-way valve effectively prevents the backflow of sputum, reduces the risk of infection, and improves the safety of the sputum discharging process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the component where the middle seat is located in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is the present invention Figure 1 enlarged view at A in;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the component where the sealing plate is located in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is the present invention Figure 4 enlarged view at B in;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the component where the driven disc is located in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is the present invention Figure 6 enlarged view at C in;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the component where the side rack is located in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the component around the head of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the horizontal lateral displacement distance when the positioning pin of the present invention rotates by a unit angle.

[0034] In the figure: 1, base; 2, middle seat; 201, side convex part; 3, guiding tube; 301, branch tube part; 4, horizontal seat; 5, endward rod; 6, driving rod; 7, positioning pin; 8, positioning groove; 9, horizontal shaft; 10, same-position gear; 11, bearing seat; 12, same-position rack; 13, guiding seat; 14, guiding column; 15, negative air cylinder; 16, sealing plate; 17, air inlet pipe; 18, driving disc; 19, connecting rod; 20, driven disc; 21, pawl; 22, inner ratchet disc; 23, central gear; 24, relief groove; 25, elastic metal wire; 251, winding head; 26, horizontal convex groove; 27, limiting frame; 28, return spring; 29, side-position rack. Specific embodiments

[0035] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 , the present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic auxiliary sputum drainage device for critically ill patients, including a base 1 for supporting the guiding tube 3 and a middle seat 2 provided on the base 1. A negative air cylinder 15 for providing negative pressure suction in the guiding tube 3 to assist in sputum drainage is provided on the middle seat 2, and a pressing and discharging mechanism for discharging thick sputum is provided on the base 1;

[0037] The pressing and discharging mechanism includes an elastic metal wire 25 disposed inside the guiding tube 3 and coaxial with the guiding tube 3. The end of the elastic metal wire 25 includes an integrally formed winding head 251. A horizontal seat 4 is provided on the middle seat 2 and a slot 1 for the horizontal lateral sliding of the horizontal seat 4 is opened. A horizontal shaft 9 that moves horizontally and laterally synchronously with the elastic metal wire 25 and is inserted and fixed is provided on the horizontal seat 4. Two groups of bearing seats 11 are fixedly connected to the horizontal seat 4, and the horizontal shaft 9 rotates on the two groups of bearing seats 11. A fixed displacement assembly for driving the horizontal seat 4 to reciprocate horizontally is provided on the middle seat 2;

[0038] The negative gas cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the middle seat 2, and a sealing plate 16 is fixedly rotated on the horizontal shaft 9, and the outer peripheral surface of the sealing plate 16 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the negative gas cylinder 15, and the negative gas cylinder 15 is gas-connected with the extension tube 3. The middle seat 2 is provided with a side extension component that drives the horizontal shaft 9 to rotate freely in the vertical direction when moving horizontally;

[0039] The base 1 is provided with a pulling and extending component for driving the middle seat 2 to move quantitatively in the horizontal lateral direction so as to drive the extension tube 3 to be pulled out quantitatively from the patient's trachea.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, when assisting critically ill patients to expectorate, the extension tube 3 is inserted into the patient's airway to a certain depth, and before the extension tube 3 is inserted, the elastic metal wire 25 provided in the extension tube 3 is plugged and fixed with the transverse shaft 9, that is, the transverse shaft 9 is provided with a groove for the elastic metal wire 25 to be plugged in, and the groove and the transverse shaft 9 have an interference fit, and an elastic block for the elastic metal wire 25 to slide is provided in the extension tube 3 to ensure that the elastic metal wire 25 will not be separated from the extension tube 3, while ensuring that the elastic metal wire 25 can move axially on the extension tube 3.

[0041] At the same time, when assisting the patient in expectoration, the transverse seat 4 is driven to reciprocate in the horizontal direction through the fixed and shifted assembly, wherein the negative air cylinder 15 is fixedly arranged on the middle seat 2, and the fixed and shifted assembly drives the transverse seat 4 to move horizontally and laterally on the middle seat 2, thereby enabling the elastic metal wire 25 and its end portion arranged around the head 251 to move on the extension tube 3. It should be noted that at this time, the position of the extension tube 3 in the patient's airway remains unchanged. At the same time, the head 251 is away from the entrance end of the extension tube 3 in the initial state, and when the transverse seat 4 drives the transverse axis 9 thereon to move horizontally and laterally, when the negative air cylinder 15 is driven to generate negative pressure suction, the transverse axis 9 is driven by the fixed and shifted assembly to move toward the direction of the extension tube 3, thereby driving the head 251 to move toward the air inlet end of the extension tube 3.

[0042] At the same time, driven by the lateral extension component, the transverse axis 9 can rotate synchronously in the vertical direction while following the transverse seat 4 to move horizontally on the middle seat 2, and when negative pressure suction is generated in the negative air cylinder 15, the negative air cylinder 15 transmits the negative pressure suction to the entrance end of the extension tube 3, thereby sucking the sputum in the patient's airway, and at this time, the surrounding head 251 can rotate and move toward the entrance end of the extension tube 3, so as to disturb the sputum entering the extension tube 3, and prevent thick sputum from adhering to the inner wall of the extension tube 3 or blocking the entrance end of the extension tube 3.

[0043] Among them, it should be noted that sputum may adhere to the head 251. However, with the subsequent operation of the fixed-displacement component, the head 251 returns to its initial position. If there is sputum adhering to the head 251 at this time, with the re-operation of the fixed-displacement component, a negative pressure suction force is generated at the negative air cylinder 15, and the head 251 is driven to move again towards the side of the inlet end of the guiding extension tube 3. Under this negative pressure suction force, while aspirating the thick sputum in the patient's airway, the thick sputum adhering to the head 251 can be synchronously aspirated away, thereby ensuring that the head 251 can disturb the sputum aspirated subsequently to prevent its viscous adhesion to the inner wall of the guiding extension tube 3.

[0044] At the same time, during actual use, the guiding extension tube 3 is detachably connected to both the negative air cylinder 15 and the horizontal shaft 9, and a disposable sputum collection bottle can be penetrated at the interface between the guiding extension tube 3 and the negative air cylinder 15, thereby preventing sputum from directly entering the negative air cylinder 15. After assisting the patient in sputum excretion, the guiding extension tube 3 and the sputum collection bottle can be disassembled and replaced to reduce the subsequent cleaning work of the negative air cylinder 15.

[0045] Meanwhile, the stretching component can drive the middle seat 2 to move quantitatively on the base 1, and then drive the negative air cylinder 15 and the guiding extension tube 3 to gradually move away from the patient, thereby driving the guiding extension tube 3 to gradually pull out a certain distance from the patient's airway to adjust the relative position between the inlet end of the guiding extension tube 3 and the patient's airway, without manually adjusting the insertion depth of the guiding extension tube 3, so as to facilitate the subsequent operation of the fixed-displacement component and the side-stretching component to aspirate sputum at different positions of the patient's airway and avoid the problem of incomplete sputum excretion caused by manually adjusting the depth of the guiding extension tube 3.

[0046] In one relatively preferred embodiment, the fixed-displacement component includes a driving rod 6 that rotates freely in the horizontal direction. The driving rod 6 rotates on the middle seat 2 around a fixed axis. One end of the horizontal seat 4 facing the driving rod 6 is fixedly connected with an end-direction rod 5. A positioning pin 7 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the driving rod 6, and a positioning groove 8 for the positioning pin 7 to slide and connect is formed on the end-direction rod 5;

[0047] The movement speeds of both the end-direction rod 5 and the horizontal seat 4 in the horizontal direction change from slow to fast and then gradually slow down.

[0048] The guiding extension tube 3 includes an integrally formed branch pipe portion 301. The negative air cylinder 15 includes an integrally formed intake pipe 17 and an outlet pipe, and the intake pipe 17 is detachably connected to the branch pipe portion 301 and is in gas communication.

[0049] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 10As shown, when the driving rod 6 rotates horizontally, it can drive the positioning pin 7 fixedly arranged at its end to rotate synchronously. Among them, the positioning pin 7 is slidably connected to the endward rod 5 through the positioning groove 8, and the endward rod 5 is fixedly connected to the transverse seat 4. Therefore, when the driving rod 6 rotates half a turn, it can drive the transverse seat 4 to move from one end final position to the other end final position.

[0050] At the same time, the transverse shaft 9 and the sealing plate 16 arranged thereon move horizontally and transversely synchronously with the transverse seat 4. Therefore, when the transverse seat 4 slides on the middle seat 2, it can drive the sealing plate 16 to move on the negative air cylinder 15. That is, during the process of the sealing plate 16 moving towards the guiding extension tube 3, it can drive a negative pressure suction force to be generated in the negative air cylinder 15, and transfer this negative pressure suction force to the guiding extension tube 3 through the branch pipe part 301, so as to enable the guiding extension tube 3 to suck sputum in the airway.

[0051] Moreover, while the sealing plate 16 moves towards the guiding extension tube 3, the transverse shaft 9 drives the elastic metal wire 25 to move towards the inlet end of the guiding extension tube 3, and thus moves towards the sputum entering the guiding extension tube 3. And under the drive of the side extension assembly, the rotational movement process around the head 251 disturbs the sputum entering the guiding extension tube 3 to prevent thick sputum from adhering to the guiding extension tube 3.

[0052] It should be noted that, as Figure 10 shown, when the driving rod 6 drives the positioning pin 7 to rotate one - quarter of a turn, its movement trajectory is a right - angled sector. The horizontal and transverse sliding distances of both the endward rod 5 and the transverse seat 4 on the middle seat 2 are determined by the horizontal and transverse movement distance of the positioning pin 7. Therefore, when the positioning pin 7 rotates a certain angle, the horizontal and transverse movement distance L of the positioning pin 7 is different. That is, during the process of the positioning pin 7 gradually rotating from the horizontal and transverse direction to the horizontal and longitudinal direction, the horizontal and transverse movement distance L per unit angle of rotation gradually increases. Therefore, when the positioning pin 7 rotates half a turn, the horizontal and transverse movement speed of the positioning pin 7 gradually becomes faster from slow and then gradually becomes slower again.

[0053] Therefore, the horizontal and transverse movement speeds of the transverse seat 4, the transverse shaft 9, and the sealing plate 16 are the same as that of the positioning pin 7. As a result, there are differences in the movement speed of the sealing plate 16 in the negative air cylinder 15. The instantaneous movement speed of the sealing plate 16 determines the magnitude of the negative pressure suction force when the guiding extension tube 3 sucks sputum. Therefore, during the process of assisting in sputum discharge, the negative pressure suction force gradually increases and then gradually decreases. Therefore, during a single sputum discharge process, using a smaller negative pressure suction force first can avoid excessive stimulation and damage to the airway mucosa, and promote the loosening of sputum from the airway. Subsequently, using a larger negative pressure suction force can enable thick sputum to be sucked into the guiding extension tube 3 under sufficient negative pressure suction force, so as to drive the sputum discharge efficiency while reducing the discomfort of the patient.

[0054] At the same time, when the sealing plate 16 moves toward the negative air cylinder 15, it can squeeze the gas in the negative air cylinder 15, and a group of one-way valves are respectively arranged on the air inlet pipe 17 and the air outlet pipe, and the valve opening directions of the two groups of one-way valves are opposite, so that the gas in the extension tube 3 can only enter the negative air cylinder 15 through the air inlet pipe 17, and leave the negative air cylinder 15 through the air outlet pipe, so as to avoid the phenomenon of sputum reflux.

[0055] Furthermore, the middle seat 2 is provided with an active disk 18 driven by a motor and rotating on the middle seat 2, a driven disk 20 is coaxially fixed on the driving rod 6, a connecting rod 19 is provided on the driven disk 20, and the head and tail ends of the connecting rod 19 are respectively rotating on the active disk 18 and the driven disk 20;

[0056] The middle seat 2 is provided with an active disk 18 driven by a motor and rotating on a fixed axis on the middle seat 2, a driven disk 20 is coaxially fixed on the driving rod 6, and a connecting rod 19 is provided on the driven disk 20, and the head and tail ends of the connecting rod 19 are respectively rotated on the active disk 18 and the driven disk 20 on a fixed axis.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, the active disk 18 connected to the motor output shaft is driven to rotate in the horizontal direction by a motor fixed on the middle seat 2, and a freely swingable connecting rod 19 is arranged between the active disk 18 and the driven disk 20, and the distances between the head and tail ends of the connecting rod 19 and the rotation center points of the two are different. Therefore, when the active disk 18 rotates one circle, the driven disk 20 can be driven to rotate in a fan-shaped trajectory only by the swing of the connecting rod 19, thereby prompting the driving rod 6 coaxially arranged with the driven disk 20 to rotate back and forth, so as to complete the purpose of single suction of sputum and resetting.

[0058] Based on the fixed displacement component embodiment, the side extension component includes a guide column 14 fixedly connected to the middle seat 2, a guide seat 13 is slidably sleeved on the guide column 14, a horizontally arranged co-ordinated rack 12 is fixedly rotated on the guide seat 13, a rectangular groove for horizontal longitudinal sliding connection of the co-ordinated rack 12 is provided on the transverse seat 4, the co-ordinated rack 12 is meshingly connected to the co-ordinated gear 10, and the co-ordinated gear 10 is coaxially fixed on the transverse axis 9.

[0059] The guide column 14 and the middle seat 2 are not arranged in parallel.

[0060] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, both the guide column 14 and the middle seat 2 are arranged horizontally, but there is a certain angle between the two. Therefore, when the transverse seat 4 slides on the middle seat 2, the synchronizing rack 12 arranged thereon can drive the guide seat 13 to slide horizontally synchronously on the guide column 14, and as the horizontal lateral position of the transverse seat 4 changes, the horizontal longitudinal spacing between the guide seat 13 and the transverse seat 4 changes synchronously, thereby driving the synchronizing rack 12 to move a certain distance in the horizontal longitudinal direction relative to the transverse seat 4 while following the horizontal lateral movement of the transverse seat 4 synchronously.

[0061] At the same time, the co-ordinate rack 12 is meshedly connected with the co-ordinate gear 10, and the co-ordinate gear 10 is fixedly set on the transverse shaft 9. Therefore, in actual use, the transverse shaft 9 can rotate synchronously while following the transverse seat 4 in the horizontal direction, so as to drive the elastic metal wire 25 and the integrally formed wrapping head 251 at its end to move and rotate in the extension tube 3, so as to achieve the purpose of disturbing the thick sputum and preventing the thick sputum from adhering and clogging.

[0062] On the basis of the side extension assembly embodiment, the extension assembly includes an inner ratchet disc 22 that is fixedly rotated on the middle seat 2 and coaxially arranged with the driven disc 20, and the outer peripheral surface of the driven disc 20 is provided with a plurality of groups of paving grooves 24 arranged in a circular array, and a ratchet 21 is fixedly rotated on the paving groove 24, and the ratchet 21 is meshedly connected with the inner ratchet disc 22;

[0063] The inner ratchet disc 22 is provided with a central gear 23 on its outer ring, and the central gear 23 is meshed with a side rack 29. The inner wall of the base 1 is fixedly connected to a limit frame 27 corresponding to the side rack 29. The limit frame 27 is provided with a receiving groove for the side rack 29 to be slidably connected. A plurality of groups of return springs 28 are provided in the receiving groove. The two ends of the return spring 28 are respectively fixedly connected to the side rack 29 and the limit frame 27.

[0064] The horizontal sides of the middle seat 2 respectively include a group of integrally formed side protrusions 201 , and the base 1 is provided with transverse protrusion grooves 26 for the side protrusions 201 to slide horizontally.

[0065] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, when the driven disk 20 rotates to drive the driving rod 6 to rotate and drive the negative air cylinder 15 to discharge the gas therein, the center gear 23 can be driven to rotate synchronously through the multiple groups of ratchets 21 arranged thereon, wherein the center gear 23 is meshingly connected with the edge rack 29, and the horizontal lateral position of the edge rack 29 on the base 1 will not change, and then the rotation process of the edge rack 29 causes the middle seat 2 and the components thereon to move synchronously, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the entry end position of the extension tube 3.

[0066] It should be noted that a torsion spring for driving the pawl 21 to return to the initial deflection angle is provided on the driven disk 20. This torsion spring is an existing device and a technical means well-known to those skilled in the art, so it is not shown in the figure. Further, when the driven disk 20 drives the driving rod 6 to rotate to cause a low pressure to be generated in the negative air cylinder 15 and aspirate sputum through the guiding tube 3, the ratchet disk 22 and the central gear 23 therein will not rotate. Further, the position of the inlet end of the guiding tube 3 will not change during the sputum aspiration process. When the horizontal seat 4 and the sealing plate 16 are reset and the negative air cylinder 15 discharges the gas therein, at this time, the central gear 23 can rotate under the action of the pawl 21, thereby changing the relative position of the middle seat 2 on the base 1, so as to achieve the purpose of synchronously changing the relative position of the inlet end of the guiding tube 3 in the airway.

[0067] Meanwhile, during the actual use process, after the process of assisting the patient to expectorate sputum is completed, the side rack 29 can be manually pressed to cause the side rack 29 to retract into the receiving groove in the limit frame 27. Further, at this time, the side rack 29 will no longer mesh with the central gear 23. At this time, by pushing the middle seat 2 to cause the middle seat 2 to return to the initial position and then releasing the side rack 29, the side rack 29 is driven to mesh with the central gear 23 again, thereby ensuring that the presence of the side rack 29 will not interfere with the reset process of the position of the middle seat 2, and the insertion depth of the guiding tube 3 can be changed when the central gear 23 rotates through the setting of the side rack 29.

[0068] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic auxiliary expectoration device for critically ill patients, comprising a base (1) for supporting an extension tube (3) and a middle seat (2) arranged on the base (1), wherein the middle seat (2) is provided with a negative air cylinder (15) for providing negative pressure suction in the extension tube (3) to assist expectoration, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a pressure discharge mechanism for discharging thick sputum; The compression mechanism comprises an elastic metal wire (25) arranged inside the extension tube (3) and coaxial with the extension tube (3), the end of the elastic metal wire (25) comprises an integrally formed winding head (251), a transverse seat (4) is provided on the middle seat (2) and a groove body is provided for the transverse seat (4) to slide horizontally, a transverse shaft (9) is provided on the transverse seat (4) and is inserted and fixed to move horizontally synchronously with the elastic metal wire (25), and a fixed displacement component is provided on the middle seat (2) to drive the transverse seat (4) to reciprocate horizontally; A sealing plate (16) is provided on the horizontal shaft (9) to rotate in a fixed manner, and the outer peripheral surface of the sealing plate (16) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the negative gas cylinder (15), and the negative gas cylinder (15) and the extension tube (3) are in gas communication, and a side extension component is provided on the middle seat (2) to enable the horizontal shaft (9) to rotate freely in the vertical direction when moving horizontally; The base (1) is provided with a pulling and extending component which drives the middle seat (2) to move quantitatively in the horizontal lateral direction so as to drive the extension tube (3) to be pulled out quantitatively from the patient's trachea.

2. The automatic auxiliary expectoration device for critically ill patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension tube (3) includes an integrally formed branch pipe portion (301), and the negative air cylinder (15) includes an integrally formed air intake pipe (17) and an air outlet pipe, wherein the air intake pipe (17) and the branch pipe portion (301) are detachably connected and gaseous to each other; The negative air cylinder (15) is fixedly connected to the middle seat (2).

3. The automatic auxiliary expectoration device for critically ill patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed displacement assembly comprises a driving rod (6) which is freely rotatable in the horizontal direction. The driving rod (6) is fixedly rotated on the middle seat (2). An end rod (5) is fixedly connected to one end of the transverse seat (4) facing the driving rod (6). A positioning pin (7) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the driving rod (6). A positioning groove (8) for sliding connection of the positioning pin (7) is provided on the end rod (5).

4. The automatic auxiliary expectoration device for critically ill patients according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movement speeds of the end rod (5) and the transverse seat (4) in the horizontal direction are from slow to fast and then gradually become slower.

5. The automatic auxiliary expectoration device for critically ill patients according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle seat (2) is provided with a driving disk (18) driven by a motor and rotating on the middle seat (2) in a fixed axis, a driven disk (20) is coaxially fixed on the driving rod (6), a connecting rod (19) is provided on the driven disk (20), and the head and tail ends of the connecting rod (19) are respectively rotating on the driving disk (18) and the driven disk (20) in a fixed axis; The distance between the head end of the connecting rod (19) and the rotation center point of the driving disk (18) is smaller than the distance between the end of the connecting rod (19) and the rotation center point of the driven disk (20).

6. The automatic auxiliary expectoration device for critically ill patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side extension assembly comprises a guide column (14) fixedly connected to the middle seat (2), a guide seat (13) is slidably sleeved on the guide column (14), a horizontally arranged co-located rack (12) is fixedly rotated on the guide seat (13), a rectangular groove for horizontally longitudinally sliding connection of the co-located rack (12) is provided on the transverse seat (4), the co-located rack (12) is meshedly connected with a co-located gear (10), and the co-located gear (10) is coaxially fixed on the transverse shaft (9); Two groups of bearing seats (11) are fixedly connected to the transverse seat (4), and the transverse shaft (9) rotates on the two groups of bearing seats (11).

7. The automatic auxiliary expectoration device for critically ill patients according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide column (14) and the middle seat (2) are not arranged in parallel.

8. The automatic auxiliary expectoration device for critically ill patients according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pulling and stretching assembly comprises an inner ratchet disc (22) which is rotatably mounted on a middle seat (2) and is coaxially arranged with a driven disc (20); a plurality of groups of clearance grooves (24) arranged in a circular array are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the driven disc (20); and a ratchet (21) is rotatably mounted on the clearance groove (24); the ratchet (21) is meshingly connected with the inner ratchet disc (22); The inner ratchet disc (22) is fixedly sleeved with a central gear (23) on its outer ring, and the central gear (23) is meshingly connected with a side rack (29); the inner wall of the base (1) is fixedly connected with a limit frame (27) at a position corresponding to the side rack (29); the limit frame (27) is provided with a receiving groove for sliding connection with the side rack (29); a plurality of groups of return springs (28) are arranged in the receiving groove; and two ends of the return spring (28) are respectively fixedly connected to the side rack (29) and the limit frame (27); The horizontal sides of the middle seat (2) respectively include a group of integrally formed side convex parts (201), and the base (1) is provided with a transverse convex groove (26) for the side convex parts (201) to slide horizontally.

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