Fixing device for machining of multiple connecting rods and machining method

Abstract

The invention provides a fixing device for machining a plurality of connecting rods and a machining method, the fixing device comprises a positioning device, a clamping device and a pressing device, the positioning device comprises a positioning body and a positioning screw, the clamping device comprises a tool body, a V-shaped pressing plate and a jackscrew, and the pressing device comprises a pressing bolt, a gasket, a three-legged pressing plate, a pressing spring and a pressing foot. When the device is used for machining a plurality of connecting rods, a plurality of connecting rod workpieces can be accurately positioned and machined, and the problems that clamping errors and rotation errors are caused due to the fact that a dividing head is used for fixing in the connecting rod workpiece machining process, efficiency is low, the yield is insufficient, and the requirement for the skill level of an operator is high are solved. The device is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost, and the batch machining convenience and efficiency of the connecting rod workpieces can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, and particularly relates to a fixing device and a processing method for processing multiple connecting rods. Background Art

[0002] For the machining of the lug part of the connecting rod workpiece, a four-axis machining center is usually selected and fixed by a dividing head. After the cutting of the upper surface, inner hole and side surface is completed, the dividing head needs to rotate 180 degrees to machine the remaining parts. This method has certain clamping errors and indexing errors, resulting in unstable control of the geometric tolerance of the connecting rod workpiece and affecting the product quality. In addition, when using a dividing head to clamp and fix the connecting rod workpiece, only one connecting rod workpiece can be clamped and fixed at a time. For mass-produced connecting rod workpieces, this operation is not only complex but also inefficient, and the quality consistency of the processed products is poor. The investment in four-axis equipment is too high, and the skill level of the operator is also required to be high, which is not conducive to the overall cost control and development of the enterprise. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the machining quality, designing a fixing device for processing multiple connecting rods with moderate cost and simple operation is of great significance for the development of the enterprise. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0004] The present invention provides a fixing device and a processing method for processing multiple connecting rods to solve the technical problems of large positioning errors, low processing efficiency, high labor intensity of operators and high processing costs in clamping and fixing the connecting rod workpiece by using the dividing head of a four-axis machining center.

[0005] (2) Technical Solutions

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fixing device for processing multiple connecting rods, which includes a positioning device, a clamping device and a pressing device; among them,

[0007] The positioning device includes a positioning body and positioning screws; among them, the positioning body includes a base and an L-shaped baffle fixed on the upper part of the base; multiple stepped grooves are processed on the left and right sides of the base for fixing the whole fixing device on the workbench through bolts; an L-shaped pressing device installation groove is processed on the top of the L-shaped baffle, a pressing device installation threaded hole is processed on the long side end face of the L-shaped pressing device installation groove, and a pressing plate limiting groove is processed on the long side top of the L-shaped baffle; multiple positioning screws are installed on the two inner side end faces of the L-shaped baffle through threaded holes, and the clamping device is placed flat on the upper working surface of the positioning device, and the two positioning surfaces are respectively leaned against multiple positioning screws to achieve multi-point precise positioning;

[0008] The clamping device includes a tooling body, a V-shaped pressing plate, and a setscrew; among them, the tooling body adopts a cuboid structure. Multiple positioning holes corresponding to the positions of multiple positioning screws are machined on the rear end face and the side end face of the tooling body. After the tooling body is positioned by the positioning screws, it is fixed on the base of the positioning body; multiple clamping and positioning holes are machined on the front end face of the tooling body for simultaneously clamping and positioning multiple connecting rod workpieces; the V-shaped pressing plate is of cuboid structure, with a V-shaped groove machined at the bottom. Multiple V-shaped pressing plates are inserted into the corresponding clamping and positioning holes and cooperate with the upper half of the cylinder of the connecting rod workpiece through the V-shaped groove, forming a line contact with the cylinder of the connecting rod workpiece; multiple through holes are machined on the top of the tooling body, and multiple threaded holes are machined on the top of each V-shaped pressing plate. After multiple setscrews are inserted into the through holes on the tooling body, they are screwed into the corresponding threaded holes on the V-shaped pressing plate to press down the V-shaped pressing plate. The multiple connecting rod workpieces are fastened in the corresponding clamping and positioning holes of the tooling body by the setscrews and the V-shaped pressing plates, making the multiple connecting rod workpieces form an integral body with the clamping device;

[0009] The pressing device includes a pressing bolt, a washer, a three-legged pressing plate, a compression spring, and a pressing foot; among them, the front end of the pressing bolt sequentially passes through the washer, the central hole of the three-legged pressing plate, and the compression spring, and then is screwed into the pressing device installation threaded hole on the positioning device; the three-legged pressing plate adopts a three-point downward pressing method. Two front pressing plates are used to press the tooling body in the clamping device, and one rear pressing plate is used as a support point to press on the top of the L-shaped baffle of the positioning device. The rotation of the three-legged pressing plate following the locking bolt is restricted by the pressing plate limiting groove on the L-shaped baffle. A pressing foot is installed at the bottom of each pressing plate through a thread. When the locking bolt is loosened, the compression spring can provide an upward thrust to the three-legged pressing plate, separating the three-legged pressing plate from the clamping device for easy taking of the clamping device.

[0010] Further, three positioning screws are installed through threaded holes on the two inner side end faces of the L-shaped baffle, with two installed on the long side and one installed on the short side, realizing three-point positioning of the clamping device.

[0011] Further, the positioning surface of the positioning screw adopts a round head structure.

[0012] Further, the machining requirements for the six faces of the tooling body for flatness and perpendicularity are both controlled within 0.015 mm.

[0013] Further, each clamping and positioning hole includes a square positioning hole at the upper part and a semi-circular positioning hole communicating with the lower part of the square positioning hole. The semi-circular positioning hole is used to place the connecting rod workpiece and cooperate with the lower half of the cylinder of the connecting rod workpiece.

[0014] Further, the square positioning hole is used to ensure that the position degree and parallelism relative to the upper and lower reference planes of the tooling body are both controlled within 0.015 mm, and the fitting clearance with the cylinder of the connecting rod workpiece is controlled within 0.005 - 0.015 mm.

[0015] Further, the V-shaped pressing plate is inserted into the corresponding square positioning hole.

[0016] Further, the V-shaped groove is designed to be 90 degrees.

[0017] Further, the pressing foot is made of aluminum.

[0018] In addition, the present invention also provides a processing method for multiple connecting rods. This processing method uses the above-mentioned fixing device for processing multiple connecting rods, and includes the following steps: The clamping device uses the set screws and the V-shaped pressing plate to fix multiple connecting rod workpieces and the tooling body into a whole, leans the clamping device against the sides of multiple positioning screws of the positioning device, and fixes and presses the clamping device and the positioning device through the pressing device; Using the entire fixing device, process the upper surface, side surface, inner hole and chamfer of the connecting rod workpiece on a three-axis machining center. After the processing is completed, loosen the pressing bolt until the three-foot pressing plate is completely separated from the clamping device, take out the clamping device, manually flip the entire clamping device, and continue to fix the entire fixing device according to the above method after flipping, and continue to complete the processing of other surfaces and chamfers of the connecting rod workpiece.

[0019] (III) Beneficial effects

[0020] The present invention provides a fixing device and a processing method for processing multiple connecting rods. The fixing device includes a positioning device, a clamping device and a pressing device. The positioning device includes a positioning body and positioning screws. The clamping device includes a tooling body, a V-shaped pressing plate and set screws. The pressing device includes a pressing bolt, a washer, a three-foot pressing plate, a compression spring and a pressing foot. When using this device to process multiple connecting rods, it can achieve precise positioning and processing of multiple connecting rod workpieces, solve the clamping error and rotational error caused by using a dividing head for fixing during the processing of connecting rod workpieces, as well as problems such as low efficiency, insufficient output, and high requirements for the operator's skill level. This device has a simple structure and low cost, and can improve the convenience and efficiency of batch processing of connecting rod workpieces. Description of the drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixing device for processing multiple connecting rods of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic exploded view of the structure of the fixing device for processing multiple connecting rods of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 0 - connecting rod workpiece; 1 - positioning device; 2 - clamping device; 3 - pressing device; 4 - positioning body; 5 - positioning screw; 6 - tooling body; 7 - V-shaped pressing plate; 8 - set screw; 9 - locking bolt; 10 - washer; 11 - three-foot pressing plate; 12 - compression spring; 13 - aluminum pressing foot. Specific embodiments

[0024] To make the objectives, content, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following further describes in detail the specific implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] This embodiment provides a fixing device for machining multiple connecting rods. Its overall structure is as Figure 1 shown, mainly including a positioning device 1, a clamping device 2, and a pressing device 3.

[0026] As Figure 2 shown, the positioning device 1 includes a positioning body 4 and positioning screws 5. Among them, the positioning body 4 includes a base and an L-shaped baffle fixed on the upper part of the base. Multiple step grooves are machined on the left and right sides of the base for fixing the entire fixing device on the workbench through bolts. The top of the L-shaped baffle is machined with an L-shaped pressing device installation groove. The long-side end face of the L-shaped pressing device installation groove is machined with a pressing device installation threaded hole, and the long-side top of the L-shaped baffle is machined with a pressing plate limit groove. Three positioning screws 5 are installed on the two inner end faces of the L-shaped baffle through threaded holes, with two installed on the long side and one installed on the short side. The positioning surface of the positioning screw 5 adopts a round-head structure. The clamping device 2 is placed flat on the upper working surface of the positioning device 1, and the two positioning surfaces are respectively leaned against the three positioning screws 5 to ensure firm contact without gaps, achieving three-point precise positioning.

[0027] The clamping device 2 includes a tooling body 6, a V-shaped pressing plate 7, and a setscrew 8. Among them, the tooling body 6 adopts a cuboid structure, and the machining requirements for the six faces of the tooling body 6 for parallelism and perpendicularity are both controlled within 0.015 mm. Three positioning holes corresponding to the positions of the three positioning screws 5 are machined on the rear end face and the side end face of the tooling body 6. After the tooling body 6 is positioned by the positioning screws 5, it is fixed on the base of the positioning body 4.

[0028] Multiple clamping positioning holes are machined on the front end face of the tooling body 6 for simultaneously clamping and positioning multiple connecting rod workpieces 0. Each clamping positioning hole includes a square positioning hole located in the upper part and a semi-circular positioning hole communicating with the lower part of the square positioning hole. The semi-circular positioning hole is used to place the connecting rod workpiece 0 and cooperate with the lower half of the cylinder of the connecting rod workpiece 0. The square positioning hole is used to ensure that the positional tolerance and parallelism with respect to the upper and lower reference planes of the tooling body 6 are both controlled within 0.015 mm, and the fitting clearance with the cylinder of the connecting rod workpiece 0 is controlled within 0.005 - 0.015 mm.

[0029] The V-shaped pressing plate 7 is of cuboid structure, with a V-shaped groove machined at the bottom. The V-shaped groove is designed to be 90 degrees. Multiple V-shaped pressing plates 7 are inserted into the corresponding square positioning holes and cooperate with the upper half of the cylinder of the connecting rod workpiece 0 through the V-shaped groove, forming a line contact with the cylinder of the connecting rod workpiece 0, which helps to optimize the contact pressure distribution and avoid workpiece damage.

[0030] Multiple through holes are machined at the top of the tooling body 6, and two threaded holes are machined at the top of each V-shaped pressing plate 7. After multiple setscrews 8 are inserted into the through holes on the tooling body 6, they are screwed into the threaded holes on the corresponding V-shaped pressing plate 7 to press down the V-shaped pressing plate 7. The multiple connecting rod workpieces 0 are fastened in the corresponding clamping and positioning holes of the tooling body 6 through the setscrews 8 and the V-shaped pressing plates 7, so that the multiple connecting rod workpieces 0 and the clamping device 2 form an integral body.

[0031] The pressing device 3 includes a pressing bolt 9, a washer 10, a three-legged pressing plate 11, a compression spring 12, and an aluminum pressing foot 13. Among them, the front end of the pressing bolt 9 sequentially passes through the washer 10, the central hole of the three-legged pressing plate 11, and the compression spring 12, and then is screwed into the pressing device installation threaded hole on the positioning device 1. The three-legged pressing plate 11 adopts a three-point downward pressing method. Two front pressing plates are used to press the tooling body 6 in the clamping device 2, and one rear pressing plate is used as a support point to press on the top of the L-shaped baffle of the positioning device 1, and the rotation of the three-legged pressing plate 11 following the locking bolt 9 is restricted through the pressing plate limiting groove on the L-shaped baffle. An aluminum pressing foot 13 is installed at the bottom of each pressing plate through threads to prevent the surface of the tooling body 6 in the clamping device 2 from being damaged and generating unnecessary positioning errors. When the locking bolt 9 is loosened, the compression spring 12 can provide an upward thrust to the three-legged pressing plate 11, separating the three-legged pressing plate 11 from the clamping device 2, which is convenient for taking out the clamping device 2.

[0032] The method for machining multiple connecting rods using the above fixing device includes the following steps:

[0033] The clamping device 2 uses setscrews 8 and V-shaped pressing plates 7 to fix the multiple connecting rod workpieces 0 and the tooling body 6 into an integral body. The clamping device 2 is leaned against the sides of the three positioning screws 5 of the positioning device 1, and the clamping device 2 and the positioning device 1 are fixedly pressed through the pressing device 3. Using the entire fixing device, the upper surface, side surface, inner hole, and chamfer of the connecting rod workpiece 0 are machined on a three-axis machining center. After the machining is completed, the pressing bolt 9 is loosened until the three-legged pressing plate 11 is completely separated from the clamping device 2, the clamping device 2 is taken out, and the entire clamping device 2 is manually flipped. After the flipping is completed, the entire fixing device is fixed according to the above method, and the machining of other surfaces and chamfers of the connecting rod workpiece 0 is continued.

[0034] By cooperating with the use of this device, it is possible to realize the fixing and flipping positioning machining of multiple connecting rod workpieces, reduce the positioning errors caused during workpiece clamping and operation, and improve the efficiency of machining mechanical parts.

[0035] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and deformations can still be made, and these improvements and deformations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixing device for machining multiple connecting rods, characterized in that: The fixing device includes a positioning device, a clamping device and a pressing device; wherein, The positioning device comprises a positioning body and a positioning screw; wherein the positioning body comprises a base and an L-shaped baffle fixed to the upper part of the base; a plurality of step grooves are processed on the left and right sides of the base for fixing the fixing device as a whole on the workbench through bolts; an L-shaped clamping device mounting groove is processed on the top of the L-shaped baffle, a clamping device mounting threaded hole is processed on the long side end face of the L-shaped clamping device mounting groove, and a pressure plate limiting groove is processed on the long side top of the L-shaped baffle; a plurality of positioning screws are installed on the two inner side end faces of the L-shaped baffle through threaded holes, the clamping device is placed flat on the upper working surface of the positioning device, and the two positioning surfaces are respectively leaned against the plurality of positioning screws to achieve multi-point precise positioning; The clamping device comprises a tooling body, a V-shaped pressure plate and a top screw; wherein the tooling body adopts a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the rear end face and the side end face of the tooling body are processed with a plurality of positioning holes corresponding to the positions of a plurality of positioning screws, and the tooling body is fixed to the base of the positioning body after being positioned by the positioning screws; the front end face of the tooling body is processed with a plurality of clamping positioning holes for clamping and positioning a plurality of connecting rod workpieces at the same time; the V-shaped pressure plate is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the bottom is processed with a V-shaped groove, and the plurality of V-shaped pressure plates are inserted into the corresponding clamping positioning holes, and cooperate with the upper half of the cylinder of the connecting rod workpiece through the V-shaped groove to form a line contact with the cylinder of the connecting rod workpiece; the top of the tooling body is processed with a plurality of through holes, and the top of each V-shaped pressure plate is processed with a plurality of threaded holes, and after the plurality of top screws are inserted into the through holes on the tooling body, they are screwed into the corresponding threaded holes on the V-shaped pressure plate, and the V-shaped pressure plate is pressed down, and the plurality of connecting rod workpieces are fastened in the corresponding clamping positioning holes of the tooling body through the top screws and the V-shaped pressure plate, so that the plurality of connecting rod workpieces and the clamping device are integrated; The clamping device includes a clamping bolt, a washer, a tripod pressure plate, a compression spring and a pressure foot; wherein the front end of the clamping bolt passes through the washer, the center hole of the tripod pressure plate and the compression spring in turn, and is screwed into the clamping device mounting threaded hole on the positioning device; the tripod pressure plate adopts a three-point downward pressure method, two front pressure plates are used to clamp the tooling body in the clamping device, and a rear pressure plate is pressed on the top of the L-shaped baffle of the positioning device as a supporting point, and the tripod pressure plate is limited to rotate with the locking bolt through the pressure plate limit groove on the L-shaped baffle. A pressure foot is installed at the bottom of each pressure plate through a thread. When the locking bolt is loosened, the compression spring can provide an upward thrust to the tripod pressure plate, so that the tripod pressure plate is separated from the clamping device, which is convenient for taking the clamping device.

2. The fixture for machining multiple connecting rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: A total of three positioning screws are installed on the two inner end faces of the L-shaped baffle through threaded holes, two of which are installed on the long side and one on the short side, so as to realize three-point positioning of the clamping device.

3. The fixture for machining a plurality of connecting rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning surface of the positioning screw adopts a round head structure.

4. The fixture for machining a plurality of connecting rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The six-sided processing of the tooling body requires that the parallelism and verticality are controlled within 0.015 mm.

5. The fixture for machining a plurality of connecting rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each clamping positioning hole comprises a square positioning hole at the upper part and a semicircular positioning hole connected with the lower part of the square positioning hole. The semicircular positioning hole is used to place the connecting rod workpiece and cooperate with the lower part of the cylinder of the connecting rod workpiece.

6. The fixture for machining a plurality of connecting rods according to claim 5, characterized in that: The square positioning hole is used to ensure that the position and parallelism relative to the upper and lower reference surfaces of the tooling body are controlled within 0.015 mm, and the matching clearance with the cylindrical body of the connecting rod workpiece is controlled within 0.005-0.015 mm.

7. The fixture for machining a plurality of connecting rods according to claim 5, characterized in that: The V-shaped pressing plate is inserted into the corresponding square positioning hole.

8. The fixture for machining a plurality of connecting rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The V-shaped groove is designed to be 90 degrees.

9. The fixture for machining a plurality of connecting rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The presser foot is made of aluminum.

10. A method for processing multiple connecting rods, characterized in that: The processing method adopts the fixing device for processing multiple connecting rods as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and includes the following steps: the clamping device uses a top screw and a V-shaped pressure plate to fix multiple connecting rod workpieces and a tooling body into a whole, the clamping device is placed against the side of multiple positioning screws of the positioning device, and the clamping device and the positioning device are fixed and pressed by a clamping device; the entire fixing device is used to process the top, side, inner hole and chamfer of the connecting rod workpiece on a three-axis machining center machine tool. After the processing is completed, the clamping bolt is loosened until the tripod pressure plate is completely separated from the clamping device, the clamping device is taken out, and the entire clamping device is manually flipped over. After the flipping is completed, the entire fixing device is continued to be fixed according to the above method, and the processing of other surfaces and chamfers of the connecting rod workpiece is continued.

Images