Multi-axis machining tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-axis machining machine tool, and relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, the machine tool comprises a cabin, a base, three combined tool magazines, three three-axis moving units and a machine tool rotating workbench, the three-axis moving units are distributed on the front side, the left side and the right side of the rotating workbench, and multi-angle synchronous machining is achieved through cooperative control; the machine tool rotating workbench is provided with an inclined rotating table and a transverse moving module, a linear motor is adopted for driving, bevel gear-bevel gear ring transmission and sliding shaft key groove matching design are combined, and the rotating precision and the axial displacement adaptability are improved. The combined tool magazine adopts a modular design, integrates a rotary cutter head with an adjustable inclination angle and a lifting module, and realizes multi-dimensional fine adjustment through adjusting pieces distributed triangularly; through multi-axis cooperation, compact layout and a high-precision transmission system, the high-precision machining device has the advantages of efficient machining, high stability and high expansibility, and is suitable for high-precision machining of complex parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and more specifically to a multi-axis machining machine tool. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of modern manufacturing, the requirements for the precision, efficiency, and complexity of machining are getting higher and higher. Some problems gradually emerge in the actual application of traditional multi-axis machining machine tools, making it difficult to meet the growing production demands.

[0003] Traditional multi-axis machining machine tools are usually bulky, and their structural layout is not compact enough, resulting in a large floor area of the equipment. For some production environments with limited space, it is difficult to make effective use of them. This not only limits the layout flexibility of the workshop but also increases the installation and maintenance costs of the equipment.

[0004] When machining complex parts, the tool change efficiency of traditional machine tools is relatively low. The tool change process often takes a lot of time, resulting in an extended downtime of the equipment and a greater impact on production efficiency. Especially in small-batch and multi-variety production, frequent tool change operations make it difficult to improve production efficiency and are difficult to meet the flexible production requirements of modern manufacturing.

[0005] In addition, there are also certain limitations in the transmission accuracy and stability of traditional multi-axis machine tools. During the machining process, due to design defects in the machine tool structure and transmission system, vibrations and transmission errors are likely to occur, affecting the accuracy and surface quality of the machined parts. This is particularly obvious when machining high-precision and complex curved surface parts, limiting the application scope of the machine tool in high-end manufacturing.

[0006] In summary, traditional multi-axis machining machine tools have many deficiencies in terms of machining efficiency, space utilization rate, tool change efficiency, transmission accuracy, and stability, and are difficult to meet the requirements of modern manufacturing for high-efficiency, high-precision, and flexible machining. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-axis machining machine tool. Through technical breakthroughs such as multi-axis collaboration, compact layout, high-precision transmission, and intelligent control, this multi-axis machining machine tool solves problems such as the large volume, low tool change efficiency, and insufficient flexibility of traditional multi-axis machine tools. It combines high precision, high efficiency, high stability, and strong scalability, and can be widely used in the machining of complex parts in fields such as aerospace, automotive molds, and precision electronics.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A multi-axis machining machine tool, comprising: A machine cabin, which is fixed on a base, and three combined tool magazines and three three-axis moving units are all located inside the machine cabin; The base, three three-axis moving units, and three combined tool magazines are all installed on the base; Three combined tool magazines, which are respectively located above the three three-axis moving units, and the three combined tool magazines are installed on the machine cabin, and a number of tools are provided in the combined tool magazines; Three three-axis moving units, which are respectively installed on the front side, left side, and right side of the machine tool rotary table. The three-axis moving unit includes a mounting base, a three-axis module, and a rotating spindle. The rotating spindle is installed on the three-axis module, and the three-axis module is installed on the mounting base. The three-axis module can drive the rotating spindle to perform three-axis movement adjustment; The machine tool rotary table includes a fixed base, a working base, and a rotating table. The working base is horizontally slidably connected to the fixed base, and a transverse movement module is provided between the two. The rotating table is inclined and rotatably connected to the working base. The rotating table is connected with a rotation drive assembly. The rotation drive assembly can drive the rotating table to perform inclined rotation. A receiving cavity is provided on the working base, and a number of mounting cavities are provided on the rotating table. A zero-point clamping system capable of clamping a zero-point fixture is provided in the mounting cavity. The mounting cavity communicates with the receiving cavity. An electric spindle capable of driving the zero-point clamping system to rotate is provided in the receiving cavity. The electric spindle can extend into the mounting cavity to be connected with the zero-point fixture.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotation drive assembly includes a turntable rotation motor, a rotating sleeve, a sliding shaft, a bevel gear ring, and a bevel gear. The turntable rotation motor is installed on the fixed base. The rotating sleeve is connected to the main shaft of the turntable rotation motor. The bevel gear ring is installed on the rotating table. One end of the sliding shaft extends into the rotating sleeve and is circumferentially and axially slidably connected to the rotating sleeve. The other end of the sliding shaft is circumferentially and rotatably connected to the working base and axially fixedly connected and connected with the bevel gear. The bevel gear meshes with the bevel gear ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the transverse movement module includes a linear motor. The linear motor is installed on the fixed base, and the driving end of the linear motor is connected to the working base.

[0011] Furthermore, a key is fixed inside one end of the rotating sleeve connected to the sliding shaft. A sliding key groove is provided at one end of the sliding shaft connected to the rotating sleeve. The key extends into the sliding key groove for mating connection.

[0012] Further, the three-axis module includes a Z-axis module, an X-axis module, and a Y-axis module connected in sequence. The Z-axis module includes a Z-axis base, a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis lead screw, and a Z-axis threaded sleeve. The Z-axis base is vertically slidably connected to the mounting base. The Z-axis motor is installed on the mounting base. The Z-axis lead screw is rotatably connected to the mounting base and is connected to the main shaft of the Z-axis motor. The Z-axis threaded sleeve is installed on the Z-axis base and is threadedly connected to the Z-axis lead screw. A balance assembly is provided between the Z-axis base and the mounting base. The balance assembly includes a balance oil cylinder. The balance oil cylinder is installed on the mounting base and is vertically arranged, and the piston rod of the balance oil cylinder contacts the bottom of the Z-axis base.

[0013] Further, the combined tool magazine includes a tool magazine base, an adjustment base, a lifting seat, and a rotating tool disc. The lifting seat is installed on the tool magazine base and is vertically slidably connected to the tool magazine base. A lifting module is provided on the tool magazine base. The lifting module is connected to the lifting seat and is used to drive the lifting seat to move up and down. The rotating tool disc is installed on the lifting seat. The adjustment base is located at the top of the tool magazine base, and an inclination angle adjustment assembly is provided between the adjustment base and the tool magazine base.

[0014] Further, the inclination angle adjustment assembly includes several groups of adjustment members. Several threaded holes are provided on the adjustment base, and several through holes are provided at the top of the tool magazine base. The adjustment member includes an expansion sleeve, a mounting bolt, and a spherical washer. Plane and convex spherical surfaces are respectively provided at both ends of the spherical washer. A concave spherical surface is provided at one end of the expansion sleeve. The spherical washer and the expansion sleeve are sequentially inserted into the through hole, and the plane of the spherical washer contacts the adjustment base. The convex spherical surface of the spherical washer contacts the concave spherical surface of the expansion sleeve. The mounting bolt passes through the expansion sleeve and the spherical washer and extends into the threaded hole of the adjustment base.

[0015] Further, three groups of adjustment members are provided. Three through holes are provided at the top of the tool magazine base, and three threaded holes are provided on the adjustment base. The three through holes and the three threaded holes are all distributed in a triangular shape.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The multi-axis collaborative processing ability is significantly improved: Through the collaborative control of three three-axis moving units (distributed on the front side, left side, and right side of the rotary table), combined with the tilting and rotating function of the machine tool rotary table, multi-angle and multi-direction synchronous processing can be achieved. The design of the Z-axis balance oil cylinder of the three-axis moving unit effectively cancels the influence of gravity. Combined with the high-precision lead screw-rail transmission system, the processing stability and positioning accuracy are greatly improved, especially suitable for the efficient processing of complex curved surface parts.

[0017] 2. Optimization of Space Utilization and Equipment Compactness: The integrated design of the machine cabin centrally arranges three combined tool magazines and a three-axis moving unit on the base, reducing the floor area occupied by the equipment. The inclined arrangement of the rotary table and the linear motor drive scheme of the transverse movement module further compress the equipment volume, enabling it to adapt to a compact production environment while maintaining functional integrity.

[0018] 3. High-Efficiency Automation and Quick Tool Change System: The combined tool magazine adopts a modular design, equipped with a rotary tool disc with an adjustable tilt angle and a lifting module. Multi-dimensional angle fine-tuning is achieved through triangularly distributed adjusting parts to ensure accurate tool positioning. The coordinated design of the tool disc protective cover and the annular array tool grippers enables tool change within seconds, significantly reducing downtime and enhancing production efficiency.

[0019] 4. High-Precision Transmission and Enhanced Stability: In the three-axis moving unit, the Z / X / Y-axis motors and lead screws adopt a synchronous belt drive structure to reduce vibration and transmission errors; the meshing drive of bevel gears-bevel gear rings in the rotary drive assembly and the keyway fit of the sliding shaft ensure the stability of power transmission and the adaptability to axial displacement. The slide rail-slider fit structure of the fixed base and the working base further guarantees the repeat positioning accuracy of horizontal movement.

[0020] 5. Compatibility of Intelligence and Flexible Production: The dual installation cavity design of the machine tool rotary table supports the alternate loading and machining of zero-point fixtures. Combined with the quick docking function of the electric spindle, full-process automated loading and unloading is achieved, and a zero-point clamping system can adapt to various zero-point fixture specifications to meet the flexible production requirements of small batches and multiple varieties.

[0021] 6. Convenience of Maintenance and Expandability: The connected design of the installation cavity and the accommodation cavity simplifies the connection path of the electric spindle and the zero-point fixture, facilitating maintenance and the replacement of functional modules. The adjustment base and the tool magazine base of the combined tool magazine adopt a split structure, supporting quick disassembly, installation, and upgrade to meet the future process expansion requirements.

[0022] Through technological breakthroughs such as multi-axis coordination, compact layout, high-precision transmission, and intelligent control, the present invention solves the problems of traditional multi-axis machine tools, such as large volume, low tool change efficiency, and insufficient flexibility. It combines high precision, high efficiency, high stability, and strong expandability, and can be widely applied to the machining of complex parts in fields such as aerospace, automotive molds, and precision electronics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings, where: Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-axis machining tool; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hidden engine room of a multi-axis machining tool Figure 1 ; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hidden engine room of a multi-axis machining tool Figure 2 ; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary table of the machine tool Figure 1 ; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary table of the machine tool Figure 2 ; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary table of the machine tool hiding the fixed base and the electric spindle Figure 1 ; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary table of the machine tool hiding the fixed base and the electric spindle Figure 2 ; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the three-axis moving unit Figure 1 ; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the three-axis moving unit Figure 2 ; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the three-axis moving unit Figure 3 ; Figure 11 For Figure 10 The sectional view taken along A-A in Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the X-axis module and the Y-axis module Figure 1 ; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the X-axis module and the Y-axis module Figure 2 ; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the combined tool magazine Figure 1 ; Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the combined tool magazine Figure 2 ; Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the combined tool magazine Figure 3 ; Figure 17 For Figure 16 The sectional view taken along B-B in Figure 18 Sectional view of the tilt angle adjustment assembly; Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the structure of the combined tool magazine Figure 4 ; Figure 20Structural schematic of the combined tool magazine Figure 5 ; Figure 21 Structural schematic of the combined tool magazine Figure 6 。

[0024] The markings in the figure are: 1. Machine cabin; 2. Base; 3. Machine tool rotary table; 301. Fixed base; 302. Working base; 3021. Accommodation cavity; 303. Rotary table; 3031. Installation cavity; 3032. Hydraulic jaw structure; 304. Linear motor; 305. Rotary drive assembly; 3051. Rotary table rotation motor; 3052. Rotary sleeve; 3053. Sliding shaft; 306. Electric spindle; 4. Combined tool magazine; 401. Tool magazine base; 402. Adjusting base; 4021. Threaded hole; 403. Tool disc seat; 404. Tool disc protective cover; 4041. Tool port; 405. Tool jaw; 406. Lifting motor; 407. Tool disc rotation motor; 408. Through hole; 409. Installation bolt; 410. Expansion sleeve; 4101. Concave spherical surface; 411. Spherical washer; 4111. Convex spherical surface; 412. Tool magazine slide rail; 413. Tool magazine slide block; 414. Lifting seat; 415. Lifting lead screw; 416. Threaded sleeve; 417. Connecting plate; 5. Three-axis moving unit; 501. Installation base; 502. Z-axis module; 5021. Z-axis base; 5022. Z-axis motor; 5023. Z-axis lead screw; 5024. Z-axis threaded sleeve; 5025. Z-axis slide rail; 5026. Z-axis slide block; 503. X-axis module; 5031. X-axis base; 5032. X-axis motor; 5033. X-axis slide rail; 5034. X-axis slide block; 5035. X-axis lead screw; 5036. X-axis threaded sleeve; 504. Y-axis module; 5041. Y-axis base; 5042. Y-axis slide rail; 5043. Y-axis slide block; 5044. Y-axis motor; 505. Rotary spindle; 506. Balance oil cylinder; 507. Driving pulley; 508. Synchronous belt; 509. Driven pulley. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that for orientation terms, if there are terms such as "center", "horizontal (X)", "longitudinal (Y)", "vertical (Z)", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., the indicated orientation and position relationships are based on the orientation or position relationships shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meanings of "several" and "a number of" are two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0027] A multi-axis machining tool, as Figures 1 - 3 shown, includes: A machine cabin 1, which is fixed on a base 2, and three combined tool magazines 4 and three three-axis moving units 5 are both located inside the machine cabin 1; The base 2, on which three three-axis moving units 5 and three combined tool magazines 4 are both installed; Three combined tool magazines 4, which are respectively located above the three three-axis moving units 5, and the three combined tool magazines 4 are installed on the machine cabin 1, and several tools are arranged in the combined tool magazine 4; Three three-axis moving units 5, which are respectively installed on the front side, left side and right side of a machine tool rotary table 3. The three-axis moving unit 5 includes a mounting base 501, a three-axis module and a rotating spindle 505. The rotating spindle 505 is installed on the three-axis module, the three-axis module is installed on the mounting base 501, and the three-axis module can drive the rotating spindle 505 to perform three-axis movement adjustment; The machine tool rotary table 3, as Figures 4 - 7 shown, includes a fixed base 301, a working base 302 and a rotating table 303. The working base 302 is horizontally slidably connected to the fixed base 301 and a cross-slide module is arranged between the two. The rotating table 303 is inclined and rotatably connected to the working base 302. The rotating table 303 is connected with a rotation driving component 305, and the rotation driving component 305 can drive the rotating table 303 to perform inclined rotation. A receiving cavity 3021 is arranged on the working base 302, and several mounting cavities 3031 are arranged on the rotating table 303. A zero-point clamping system capable of clamping a zero-point fixture is arranged in the mounting cavity 3031. The mounting cavity 3031 communicates with the receiving cavity 3021. An electric spindle 306 capable of driving the zero-point clamping system to rotate is arranged in the receiving cavity 3021, and the electric spindle 306 can extend into the mounting cavity 3031 to be connected with the zero-point fixture.

[0028] Preferably, several fixed slide rails are arranged on the fixed base 301, and several moving sliders are arranged on the working base 302. The moving sliders cooperate with the fixed slide rails, so that the working base 302 is horizontally slidably connected to the fixed base 301 and the sliding is accurate.

[0029] Preferably, as Figures 6 - 7As shown, the transverse movement module includes a linear motor 304, the linear motor 304 is installed on the fixed base 301, and the driving end of the linear motor 304 is connected to the working base 302.

[0030] Preferably, as Figures 6 - 7 shown, the rotary drive assembly 305 includes a turntable rotary motor 3051, a rotary sleeve 3052, a sliding shaft 3053, a bevel gear ring and a bevel gear. The turntable rotary motor 3051 is installed on the fixed base 301. The rotary sleeve 3052 is connected to the main shaft of the turntable rotary motor 3051. The bevel gear ring is installed on the rotary table 303. One end of the sliding shaft 3053 extends into the rotary sleeve 3052 and is circumferentially and fixedly connected to the rotary sleeve 3052 and axially slidably connected. The other end of the sliding shaft 3053 is circumferentially rotatably connected to the working base 302 and axially fixedly connected and connected to the bevel gear. The bevel gear meshes with the bevel gear ring.

[0031] Preferably, a key is fixed inside one end of the rotary sleeve 3052 connected to the sliding shaft 3053. A sliding key groove is provided at one end of the sliding shaft 3053 connected to the rotary sleeve 3052. The key extends into the sliding key groove for mating connection. Specifically, when the transverse movement module drives the working base 302 to move relative to the fixed base 301, the sliding shaft 3053 will axially move inside the rotary sleeve 3052, and then the key will move inside the sliding key groove, so as to realize the circumferential fixed connection and axial sliding connection between the sliding shaft 3053 and the rotary sleeve 3052.

[0032] Preferably, the zero-point clamping system can adopt a hydraulic jaw structure 3032. The hydraulic jaw structure 3032 is installed on the cavity wall and connected to the oil pressure pump. When it is opened, the starting jaw structure can pop out and cooperate with the zero-point fixture installed in the installation cavity 3031, so as to realize positioning and fixing.

[0033] Preferably, there are two installation cavities 3031 on the rotary table 303, and the two installation cavities 3031 are distributed oppositely.

[0034] Working process and principle of the machine tool rotary worktable 3: During use, first drive the working base 302 to move (move forward) through the transverse movement module, so that the connecting piece connected to the electric spindle 306 relatively extends out of the installation cavity 3031; Subsequently, the turntable rotation motor 3051 is started, which drives the rotating sleeve 3052, the sliding shaft 3053, and the bevel gear ring to rotate in sequence. Further, it drives the bevel gear ring to rotate, and then drives the turntable 303 to rotate, so that an installation cavity 3031 rotates to the upper side (from facing the front to facing the upper side). Then, the zero-point fixture with the product installed can be placed into the installation cavity 3031 through the robotic arm. Next, the zero-point clamping system limits and fixes the zero-point fixture. Finally, the turntable rotation motor 3051 is started again to drive the turntable 303 to rotate, so that the installation cavity 3031 with the zero-point fixture rotates to the front side. Then, the cross-movement module is started, driving the working base to move (move backward), so that the electric spindle 306 extends into the installation cavity 3031 and is connected to the zero-point fixture. Finally, the zero-point clamping system releases the zero-point fixture. At this time, the loading and installation of the zero-point fixture are completed.

[0035] The machine tool rotary table 3 in the present invention has the following advantages: ① Space optimization design: By arranging the turntable 303 obliquely and rotatably connecting it to the working base 302, the overall size of the equipment is significantly reduced, saving the layout space of the machine tool. At the same time, it does not affect the function realization, and is particularly suitable for the processing environment of compact CNC machine tools.

[0036] ② High precision and stability: The cross-movement module uses a linear motor 304 to drive the working base 302. Combined with the fixed slide rail of the fixed base 301 and the moving slider of the working base 302, high-precision positioning of the horizontal sliding of the working base 302 is achieved, ensuring the stability and repeat positioning accuracy of the movement during the processing.

[0037] ③ Efficient rotation drive: The rotation drive assembly 305 is driven by the meshing of the bevel gear ring and the bevel gear. Combined with the circumferential fixation and axial sliding connection of the sliding shaft 3053 and the rotating sleeve 3052, it can automatically adapt to the axial displacement when the working base 302 moves, while maintaining the stability of the rotation power transmission, improving the reliability and efficiency of the inclined rotation of the turntable 303.

[0038] ④ Modularity and convenient operation: Two relatively distributed installation cavities 3031 are provided on the turntable 303, allowing the alternate loading and processing of the zero-point fixture. Combined with the electric spindle 306 in the accommodation cavity 3021, rapid docking and separation of the zero-point fixture can be achieved, reducing the downtime and improving the multi-task processing efficiency.

[0039] ⑤ Precise positioning and fixation: The zero-point clamping system (such as the hydraulic jaw structure 3032) on the cavity wall of the installation cavity 3031 can quickly clamp and release the zero-point fixture, ensuring the position stability of the zero-point fixture during rotation and processing, and reducing the processing error caused by vibration or displacement.

[0040] ⑥Advantages of automated integration: Through the coordinated control of the cross - transfer module and the rotary drive component 305, the full - process automation of loading, positioning, and machining of the zero - point fixture is realized, reducing the need for manual intervention and significantly improving production efficiency and the intelligent level of the equipment.

[0041] ⑦Compact structure and strong functional expandability: The connected design of the installation cavity 3031 and the accommodation cavity 3021 simplifies the connection path between the electric spindle 306 and the zero - point fixture, facilitating later maintenance or the expansion of functional modules to adapt to diverse machining requirements.

[0042] Through innovative structural design and drive solutions, the present invention solves problems such as large space occupation, low positioning accuracy, and insufficient operation efficiency of traditional machine - tool rotary tables. It has the advantages of compactness, high precision, high efficiency, and automation, and is applicable to the field of high - precision numerical control machining.

[0043] Preferably, as Figures 8 - 11 shown, the three - axis module includes a Z - axis module 502, an X - axis module 503, and a Y - axis module 504 connected in sequence. The Z - axis module 502 includes a Z - axis base 5021, a Z - axis motor 5022, a Z - axis lead screw 5023, and a Z - axis threaded sleeve 5024. The Z - axis base 5021 is vertically slidably connected to the installation base 501. The Z - axis motor 5022 is installed on the installation base 501. The Z - axis lead screw 5023 is rotatably connected to the installation base 501 and is connected to the main shaft of the Z - axis motor 5022. The Z - axis threaded sleeve 5024 is installed on the Z - axis base 5021 and is threadedly connected to the Z - axis lead screw 5023. A balance component is provided between the Z - axis base 5021 and the installation base 501. The balance component includes a balance oil cylinder 506. The balance oil cylinder 506 is installed on the installation base 501 and is vertically arranged, and the piston rod of the balance oil cylinder 506 contacts the bottom of the Z - axis base 5021.

[0044] Preferably, as Figures 8 - 9 shown, a number of Z - axis sliders 5026 are provided on the installation base 501, and a number of Z - axis slide rails 5025 are provided on the Z - axis base 5021. The Z - axis sliders 5026 are slidably connected in cooperation with the Z - axis slide rails 5025, making the movement of the Z - axis base 5021 more precise.

[0045] Preferably, as Figures 12 - 13As shown, the X-axis module 503 includes an X-axis base 5031, an X-axis motor 5032, an X-axis lead screw 5035, and an X-axis threaded sleeve 5036. The X-axis base 5031 is vertically slidably connected to the Z-axis base 5021. The X-axis motor 5032 is installed on the Z-axis base 5021. The X-axis lead screw 5035 is rotatably connected to the Z-axis base 5021 and is connected to the main shaft of the X-axis motor 5032. The X-axis threaded sleeve 5036 is installed on the X-axis base 5031 and is threadedly connected to the X-axis lead screw 5035.

[0046] Preferably, a plurality of X-axis slide rails 5033 are provided on the Z-axis base 5021, and a plurality of X-axis sliders 5034 are provided on the X-axis base 5031. The X-axis sliders 5034 are slidably connected to the X-axis slide rails 5033 in cooperation, so that the movement of the X-axis base 5031 is more accurate.

[0047] Preferably, as Figures 12 - 13 As shown, the Y-axis module 504 includes a Y-axis base 5041, a Y-axis motor 5044, a Y-axis lead screw, and a Y-axis threaded sleeve. The Y-axis base 5041 is vertically slidably connected to the X-axis base 5031. The Y-axis motor 5044 is installed on the X-axis base 5031. The Y-axis lead screw is rotatably connected to the X-axis base 5031 and is connected to the main shaft of the Y-axis motor 5044. The Y-axis threaded sleeve is installed on the Y-axis base 5041 and is threadedly connected to the Y-axis lead screw.

[0048] Preferably, a plurality of Y-axis slide rails 5042 are provided on the Y-axis base 5041, and a plurality of Y-axis sliders 5043 are provided on the X-axis base 5031. The Y-axis sliders 5043 are slidably connected to the Y-axis slide rails 5042 in cooperation, so that the movement of the Y-axis base 5041 is more accurate.

[0049] Preferably, the Z-axis motor 5022 and the Z-axis lead screw 5023, the X-axis motor 5032 and the X-axis lead screw 5035, and the Y-axis motor 5044 and the Y-axis lead screw are arranged side by side and parallel to each other, and are connected by a synchronous belt structure therebetween; Preferably, as Figures 9 - 13 As shown, the synchronous belt structure includes a driving pulley 507, a driven pulley 509, and a synchronous belt 508. The driving pulley 507 is installed on the main shaft of the motor. The driven pulley 509 is installed on the lead screw. The synchronous belt 508 is installed on the driving pulley 507 and the driven pulley 509; Specifically, by arranging the motor and the lead screw side by side and parallel to each other, the overall occupied space size can be effectively reduced, and the space layout can be optimized.

[0050] The three-axis moving unit 5 in the present invention has the following advantages: ①Z-axis gravity balance optimization: A balance oil cylinder 506 is added between the Z-axis base 5021 and the installation base 501. Its piston rod contacts the bottom of the Z-axis base 5021, which can dynamically offset the gravity effect during Z-axis movement, improve the motion stability and accuracy, and at the same time reduce the motor load and energy consumption.

[0051] ②Efficient space utilization: By arranging the Z-axis, X-axis, and Y-axis motors and their corresponding lead screws side by side in parallel and adopting a synchronous belt drive structure, the space layout is greatly optimized, the overall size of the equipment is reduced, and it is suitable for compact CNC equipment.

[0052] ③High-precision transmission design: Each axis module adopts a sliding connection method of a slide rail and a slider (such as the Z-axis slide rail 5025 and the Z-axis slider 5026, the X / Y-axis slide rails and their corresponding sliders), combined with a lead screw-thread sleeve transmission mechanism, to ensure the accuracy and repeat positioning accuracy of the movement in each axial direction.

[0053] ④Reliability of synchronous belt drive: The motor and the lead screw are connected through a driving pulley 507, a driven pulley 509, and a synchronous belt 508. The transmission efficiency is high and the operation is stable. At the same time, the vibration and error that may be introduced by a traditional coupling are reduced.

[0054] Through the above technical improvements, the present invention realizes the high-precision, high-stability and compact design of the three-axis moving unit 5, and can be widely applied to fields such as CNC machine tools and laser processing equipment, with significant practical value and market competitiveness.

[0055] Preferably, as Figures 14 - 21 shown, the combined tool magazine 4 includes a tool magazine base 401, an adjustment base 402, a lifting seat 414, and a rotating tool disc. The lifting seat 414 is installed on the tool magazine base 401 and is vertically slidably connected to the tool magazine base 401. A lifting module is provided on the tool magazine base 401. The lifting module is connected to the lifting seat 414 and is used to drive the lifting seat 414 to lift. The rotating tool disc is installed on the lifting seat 414. The adjustment base 402 is located at the top of the tool magazine base 401, and an inclination angle adjustment component is provided between the adjustment base 402 and the tool magazine base 401.

[0056] Preferably, as Figures 16 - 18As shown, the tilt angle adjustment assembly includes several groups of adjustment members. Several threaded holes 4021 are provided on the adjustment base 402, and several through holes 408 are provided at the top of the tool magazine base 401. The adjustment member includes an expansion sleeve 410, a mounting bolt 409, and a spherical washer 411. Planes and convex spherical surfaces 4111 are respectively provided at both ends of the spherical washer 411, and a concave spherical surface 4101 is provided at one end of the expansion sleeve 410. The spherical washer 411 and the expansion sleeve 410 are sequentially inserted into the through hole 408, and the plane of the spherical washer 411 contacts the adjustment base 402, and the convex spherical surface 4111 of the spherical washer 411 contacts the concave spherical surface 4101 of the expansion sleeve 410. The mounting bolt 409 passes through the expansion sleeve 410 and the spherical washer 411 and extends into the threaded hole 4021 of the adjustment base 402.

[0057] Preferably, three groups of adjustment members are provided. Three through holes 408 are provided at the top of the tool magazine base 401, and three threaded holes 4021 are provided on the adjustment base 402. The three through holes 408 and the three threaded holes 4021 are both distributed in a triangular shape.

[0058] Specifically, three groups of adjustment members are provided between the adjustment base 402 and the tool magazine base 401, which are distributed in a triangle to enhance stability. The adjustment member includes a spherical washer 411 and an expansion sleeve 410. By screwing the mounting bolt 409 into the threaded hole 4021 of the adjustment base 402 and utilizing the cooperation of the convex spherical surface 4111 and the concave spherical surface 4101, multi-angle fine adjustment can be achieved. After loosening the bolt, the adjustment base 402 can tilt around the spherical contact point and is fixed by the radial expansion force of the expansion sleeve 410 after being locked, ensuring the rigidity after adjustment.

[0059] Preferably, as Figure 19 shown, several vertically arranged tool magazine slide rails 412 are provided on the tool magazine base 401. The lifting seat 414 is connected with several tool magazine sliders 413, and several tool magazine sliders 413 are respectively matched with several tool magazine slide rails 412, so that the lifting seat 414 is vertically slidably connected with the tool magazine base 401 to achieve precise vertical lifting.

[0060] Preferably, as Figures 20 - 21 shown, the lifting module includes a lifting motor 406, a lifting lead screw 415, a connecting plate 417, and a threaded sleeve 416. The lifting motor 406 is installed on the tool magazine base 401. The lifting lead screw 415 rotates on the tool magazine base 401 and is connected to the main shaft of the lifting motor 406 at one end. The connecting plate 417 is respectively connected to the threaded sleeve 416 and the lifting seat 414, and the threaded sleeve 416 is sleeved on the lifting lead screw 415 for threaded connection; Specifically, the tool magazine base 401 is provided with a vertical tool magazine slide rail 412. The lifting seat 414 is matched with the tool magazine slide rail 412 through a tool magazine slider 413 to achieve stable vertical sliding. The lifting module is driven by a lifting motor 406 to rotate a lifting lead screw 415, driving a threaded sleeve 416 and a connecting plate 417 to move, and further driving the lifting seat 414 to lift, thereby accurately controlling the lifting precision of the lifting seat 414 and ensuring the adjustability and positioning precision of the tool position.

[0061] Preferably, the lifting motor 406 and the lifting lead screw 415 are directly connected by a synchronous belt structure for transmission.

[0062] Preferably, as Figure 19 shown, the rotary tool disc includes a tool disc rotation motor 407, a tool disc seat 403 and a plurality of tool holders 405. The tool disc seat 403 is rotatably installed on the lifting seat 414. The tool disc rotation motor 407 is installed on the lifting seat 414, and the main shaft of the tool disc rotation motor 407 is connected to the tool disc seat 403. The plurality of tool holders 405 are arranged in an annular array on the tool disc seat 403.

[0063] Preferably, as Figure 14 shown, a tool disc protective cover 404 is arranged on the outer side of the tool disc seat 403. The tool disc protective cover 404 is fixed to the lifting seat 414 and is provided with a plurality of tool ports 4041. The plurality of tool ports 4041 respectively correspond to the plurality of tool holders 405.

[0064] Specifically, the tool disc rotation motor 407 drives the tool disc seat 403 and the annular array of tool holders 405 to achieve rapid tool change. The tool disc protective cover 404 is fixed to the lifting seat 414, and its tool ports 4041 correspond to the jaws one by one, protecting the tools from external impacts and preventing machining debris from invading, improving safety and durability.

[0065] The combined tool magazine 4 in the present invention has the following advantages: ① High-precision adjustment and stability: Through the inclination angle adjustment component using three adjustment parts distributed in a triangle, combined with the cooperation of the spherical washer 411 and the expansion sleeve 410, multi-dimensional angle fine adjustment can be achieved. After adjustment, it is locked by the expansion sleeve 410 to ensure rigidity and avoid loosening, significantly improving the installation precision.

[0066] ② Precise lifting and space optimization: The combined design of the tool magazine slide rail 412 and the lifting lead screw 415 enables the lifting seat 414 to run smoothly and the lifting precision to be accurate, realizing precise tool change; the rotary tool disc adopts an annular layout, combined with the lifting function, maximizing the saving of equipment space.

[0067] ③High-efficiency tool change and safety protection: The cutter head rotation motor 407 drives the cutter head to quickly change tools, shortening the tool change time; the integrated design of the cutter head protective cover 404 and the special tool port 4041 not only improves the tool change efficiency but also protects the rotating cutter head and the internal tools, ensuring the safety of the tools.

[0068] Overall advantages: 1. Significantly improved multi-axis collaborative machining ability: Through the coordinated control of three three-axis moving units 5 (distributed on the front, left, and right sides of the rotary table 3), combined with the tilting and rotating function of the machine tool rotary table 3, multi-angle and multi-directional synchronous machining can be achieved. The design of the Z-axis balance cylinder 506 of the three-axis moving unit 5 effectively cancels the influence of gravity. Combined with the high-precision lead screw-rail transmission system, the machining stability and positioning accuracy are greatly improved, especially suitable for the efficient machining of complex curved surface parts.

[0069] 2. Optimization of space utilization and equipment compactness: The integrated design of the machine cabin 1 centrally arranges three combined tool magazines 4 and three-axis moving units 5 on the base 2, reducing the floor area of the equipment. The tilting arrangement of the rotary table 3 and the linear motor 304 drive scheme of the transverse movement module further compress the equipment volume, making it suitable for a compact production environment while maintaining functional integrity.

[0070] 3. High-efficiency automation and fast tool change system: The combined tool magazine 4 adopts a modular design, equipped with a rotating cutter head with an adjustable tilting angle and a lifting module. Multi-dimensional angle fine-tuning is achieved through triangularly distributed adjusting parts to ensure accurate tool positioning. The combined design of the cutter head protective cover 404 and the annular array tool claws 405 enables tool change in seconds, significantly reducing downtime and improving production efficiency.

[0071] 4. High-precision transmission and enhanced stability: In the three-axis moving unit 5, the Z / X / Y-axis motors and lead screws adopt a synchronous belt drive structure to reduce vibration and transmission errors; the meshing drive of the bevel gear-bevel gear ring of the rotary drive assembly 305 and the keyway fit design of the sliding shaft 3053 ensure the stability of power transmission and the adaptability of axial displacement. The slide rail-slider fit structure of the fixed base 301 and the working base 302 further guarantees the repeat positioning accuracy of horizontal movement.

[0072] 5. Compatibility of intelligence and flexible production: The dual installation cavity 3031 design of the machine tool rotary table 3 supports the alternate loading and machining of zero-point fixtures. Combined with the quick docking function of the electric spindle 306, full-process automatic loading and unloading is achieved. The zero-point clamping system can adapt to various zero-point fixture specifications, meeting the flexible production needs of small batches and multiple varieties.

[0073] 6. Maintenance convenience and expandability: The connected design of the installation cavity 3031 and the accommodation cavity 3021 simplifies the connection path between the electric spindle 306 and the zero-point fixture, facilitating maintenance and the replacement of functional modules. The adjustment base 402 of the combined tool magazine 4 and the tool magazine base 401 adopt a split structure, supporting rapid disassembly, assembly, and upgrade to meet the future process expansion requirements.

[0074] Through technological breakthroughs such as multi-axis coordination, compact layout, high-precision transmission, and intelligent control, the present invention solves the problems of traditional multi-axis machine tools, such as large volume, low tool change efficiency, and insufficient flexibility. It combines high precision, high efficiency, high stability, and strong expandability, and can be widely used in the machining of complex parts in fields such as aerospace, automotive molds, and precision electronics.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, several improvements and refinements made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-axis machining machine tool, characterized in that: include: A cabin, wherein the cabin is fixed on the base, and the three combined tool magazines and the three three-axis moving units are all located in the cabin; The base, three three-axis moving units and three combined tool magazines are installed on the base; Three combined tool magazines, the three combined tool magazines are respectively located above the three three-axis moving units, and the three combined tool magazines are installed on the cabin, and a plurality of tools are arranged in the combined tool magazines; Three three-axis moving units, which are respectively installed on the front side, left side and right side of the rotary table of the machine tool, and the three-axis moving units include a mounting base, a three-axis module and a rotating spindle capable of clamping a tool, the rotating spindle is mounted on the three-axis module, the three-axis module is mounted on the mounting base, and the three-axis module can drive the rotating spindle to perform three-axis movement adjustment; The machine tool rotary worktable comprises a fixed base, a working base and a rotating table. The working base is horizontally slidably connected to the fixed base and a transverse movement module is arranged between the two. The rotating table is tilted and rotatably connected to the working base. The rotating table is connected to a rotary drive component, and the rotary drive component can drive the rotating table to rotate tiltably. A accommodating cavity is arranged on the working base, and a plurality of mounting cavities are arranged on the rotating table. A zero-point clamping system that can clamp a zero-point clamp is arranged in the mounting cavity. The mounting cavity is communicated with the accommodating cavity. An electric spindle that can drive the zero-point clamping system to rotate is arranged in the accommodating cavity. The electric spindle can extend into the mounting cavity and be connected to the zero-point clamp.

2. A multi-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly includes a turntable rotary motor, a rotary sleeve, a sliding shaft, a bevel gear ring and a bevel gear. The turntable rotary motor is installed on a fixed base, the rotary sleeve is connected to the main shaft of the turntable rotary motor, the bevel gear ring is installed on the rotary table, one end of the sliding shaft extends into the rotary sleeve and is circumferentially fixedly connected to the rotary sleeve and axially slidingly connected, the other end of the sliding shaft is circumferentially connected to the working base and axially fixedly connected and connected to the bevel gear, and the bevel gear is meshed with the bevel gear ring.

3. A multi-axis machining machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transverse movement module includes a linear motor, which is installed on a fixed base, and a driving end of the linear motor is connected to a working base.

4. A multi-axis machining machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A key is fixed inside one end of the rotating sleeve connected to the sliding shaft, and a sliding key slot is provided at one end of the sliding shaft connected to the rotating sleeve. The key extends into the sliding key slot for mating connection.

5. The multi-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-axis module includes a Z-axis module, an X-axis module and a Y-axis module connected in sequence, the Z-axis module includes a Z-axis base, a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis screw and a Z-axis threaded sleeve, the Z-axis base is vertically slidably connected to the mounting base, the Z-axis motor is installed on the mounting base, the Z-axis screw is rotationally connected to the mounting base, and the Z-axis screw is connected to the main shaft of the Z-axis motor, the Z-axis threaded sleeve is installed on the Z-axis base and threadedly connected to the Z-axis screw, a balancing assembly is arranged between the Z-axis base and the mounting base, the balancing assembly includes a balancing cylinder, the balancing cylinder is installed on the mounting base and arranged vertically, and the piston rod of the balancing cylinder is in contact with the bottom of the Z-axis base.

6. The multi-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined tool magazine includes a tool magazine base, an adjustment base, a lifting seat and a rotating tool disc. The lifting seat is installed on the tool magazine base and is vertically slidably connected to the tool magazine base. A lifting module is provided on the tool magazine base. The lifting module is connected to the lifting seat and is used to drive the lifting seat to rise and fall. The rotating tool disc is installed on the lifting seat. The adjustment base is located on the top of the tool magazine base, and an inclination angle adjustment component is provided between the adjustment base and the tool magazine base.

7. The multi-axis machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inclination angle adjustment assembly includes several groups of adjustment parts, the adjustment base is provided with several threaded holes, the top of the tool magazine base is provided with several through holes, the adjustment parts include an expansion sleeve, a mounting bolt and a spherical washer, the two ends of the spherical washer are respectively provided with a plane and a convex spherical surface, one end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a concave spherical surface, the spherical washer and the expansion sleeve are sequentially installed in the through hole, and the plane of the spherical washer contacts with the adjustment base, the convex spherical surface of the spherical washer contacts with the concave spherical surface of the expansion sleeve, and the mounting bolt passes through the expansion sleeve and the spherical washer and extends into the threaded hole of the adjustment base.

8. The multi-axis machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjusting members are provided in three groups, the top of the tool magazine base is provided with three through holes, the adjusting base is provided with three threaded holes, and the three through holes and the three threaded holes are distributed in a triangular shape.

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