Building exterior wall rainwater filtering system combined with plant purification

Abstract

This invention provides a building exterior wall rainwater filtration system incorporating plant purification, belonging to the field of resource utilization technology. It includes several vertical greening units, with rainwater collection units connected below each unit. The rainwater collection unit contains an energy recovery component and is connected to a rainwater storage tank. A display screen component is located on one side of each rainwater collection unit. Telescopic connecting components are located on the back of both the rainwater collection unit and the display screen component. A connecting component is also located on the back of each vertical greening unit. This invention is fixed to the building exterior wall, filtering and utilizing rainwater. Combined with vertical greening units, it further enhances the rainwater filtration effect. The green plants are naturally cultivated, allowing them to release oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, purifying the air and maximizing the utilization of rainwater. Furthermore, the display screen component shows various indicators, allowing the public to intuitively understand the significance of resource utilization and thus enhancing public environmental awareness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of resource utilization technology, and in particular to a building exterior wall rainwater filtration system that combines plant purification. Background Technology

[0002] Rainwater, as a valuable water resource, has gained worldwide attention. Currently, engineering practices for rainwater harvesting and utilization are in place internationally, and relevant standards have been established. Therefore, appropriate rainwater harvesting systems are installed on buildings. These systems can be categorized into rooftop rainwater harvesting and ground-level rainwater harvesting.

[0003] Most existing rainwater harvesting and utilization systems use multi-layer filtration devices to filter rainwater and collect it for recycling. The recycled rainwater can be used for irrigation, toilet flushing, and secondary water supply for buildings. As a water resource in nature, rainwater has many more uses than that; therefore, simply using a simple filtration system to filter and collect rainwater does not fully realize its greater value. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a building exterior wall rainwater filtration system that combines plant purification to solve the problem of low rainwater utilization rate in the prior art.

[0005] This invention provides a building exterior wall rainwater filtration system that combines plant purification, including several vertical greening units, which are used for filtering and purifying the air;

[0006] A rainwater harvesting unit is located below the vertical greening unit and is used to collect filtered rainwater.

[0007] An energy recovery component is installed inside the rainwater collection unit and is used to generate electricity from rainwater. The rainwater collection unit is connected to a rainwater storage tank for storing water.

[0008] A display screen assembly is disposed on one side of the rainwater collection unit and is used to display real-time data;

[0009] A sensor assembly, which is electrically connected to a display assembly and distributed at multiple locations within the filtration system, is used to monitor real-time data of the filtration system.

[0010] Both the rainwater collection unit and the display screen assembly have telescopic connection components on their backs for fixed connection with the wall.

[0011] The back of the vertical greening unit is equipped with a connecting component for connecting and fixing to the parapet wall.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical greening unit includes a planting trough, a filter layer, and a rainwater collection trough arranged in sequence;

[0013] The bottom of the planting trough is a base plate with filter holes. The planting trough contains coconut coir and perlite for growing green plants. The various green plants planted in the planting trough form a greening network.

[0014] The vertical greening unit is a sealed high-transparency UVC acrylic panel, and the planting trough is equipped with an IP68-rated waterproof luminous strip, which is used to illuminate the interior of the vertical greening unit.

[0015] The sensor assembly includes a rain sensor for monitoring rainfall, a temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the plant growth environment, and an air quality sensor for monitoring the concentration of pollutants in the air. The rain sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and air quality sensor are respectively installed above and on the surface of the vertical greening unit.

[0016] Furthermore, the filter layer includes multiple baffles arranged sequentially inside the planting trough, as well as a sand and gravel layer, an activated carbon layer, and a biofilm layer.

[0017] The sand and gravel layer, activated carbon layer, and biofilm layer are respectively disposed between every two partitions, and the partitions are provided with filter holes; the partitions are also made of high-transmittance UVC acrylic sheets;

[0018] The rainwater collection trough is formed between the bottommost partition and the lower end face of the planting trough, and the sensor assembly also includes a water quality sensor disposed in the rainwater collection trough.

[0019] Furthermore, each of the planting troughs is connected to a drainage pipe that communicates with the rainwater collection trough at its lower end. The lower ends of several drainage pipes are connected to a water pipe. The two sides of the water pipe are fixedly connected to the two sides of the rainwater collection unit through a first support frame. The lower end of the drainage pipe is connected to a water inlet pipe that penetrates into the rainwater collection unit. Inclined plates that slope towards the drain outlet of the water pipe are provided on both sides inside the water pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, the rainwater collection unit is a transparent primary collection box, and the energy recovery component includes a turbine installed inside the primary collection box, a generator installed inside the primary collection box, and an energy storage battery supported by a support frame and located outside the primary collection box. The waterproof luminous strip is also installed inside the primary collection box.

[0021] The turbine is a Pelton turbine with the turbine located below the water intake pipe; the generator is a permanent magnet synchronous generator; and the energy storage battery is a lithium battery.

[0022] The generator is supported by a support plate and sealed by a waterproof cover. A protective box for protecting the energy storage battery is provided above the support frame, and a sliding door is provided at the opening on the outside of the protective box.

[0023] The power generation capacity is estimated using the following formula:

[0024] P=η·ρ·g·Q·H

[0025] Where: η: system efficiency; ρ: water density; g: gravitational acceleration; Q: flow rate; H: head height;

[0026] The sensor assembly also includes an energy sensor mounted on the energy recovery assembly.

[0027] Furthermore, the rainwater storage tank includes two interconnected storage tanks, with the two storage tanks connected above each other by a pipe;

[0028] A water pump is installed below the support plate. The drain end of the water pump is connected to one of the storage boxes through a connecting pipe. The water pump is powered by the energy storage battery and an external power source.

[0029] The storage box is made of explosion-proof tempered glass, and the sensor assembly also includes another water quality sensor installed inside the storage box.

[0030] Furthermore, the display assembly includes a waterproof LED display screen and an electrical control box disposed on the back of the LED display screen. The display assembly is powered by the energy storage battery and an external power supply. The electrical control box is equipped with a data acquisition and transmission module.

[0031] The data acquisition and transmission module transmits data from multiple sensors to the LED display screen in real time via wireless communication technology. The data acquisition and transmission module is integrated into the intelligent controller.

[0032] The intelligent controller includes a main control chip, a sensor interface, a communication module, a power management module, and a storage module.

[0033] Furthermore, the main control chip is a Raspberry Pi embedded processor, the sensor interface adopts one or more combinations of I2C, SPI, and UART, and the communication module uses Wi-Fi to transmit data;

[0034] The LED display screen is wirelessly connected to a rain sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an air quality sensor, and an energy sensor via an intelligent controller.

[0035] Furthermore, the telescopic connection assembly includes a fixed sleeve rod, a threaded telescopic rod that is threadedly connected to the fixed sleeve rod, and a connecting plate for connecting to the exterior wall;

[0036] The connecting plate has several mounting holes, and the inner side of the connecting plate is provided with an inwardly extending L-shaped rotating handle. The side of the connecting plate near the wall is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0037] Furthermore, the connecting assembly includes a connecting rod connected to several vertical greening units and several connecting pieces disposed on the inner side of the connecting rod;

[0038] The connector includes a fixed rod connected to the connecting rod, a slide rod slidably connected to the fixed rod, and a buckle plate disposed at the lower end of the slide rod and away from the connecting rod.

[0039] The buckle plate is also provided with a number of mounting holes. A first connecting plate is provided on the side of the upper end of the fixing rod near the buckle plate. A second connecting plate is provided on the side of the upper end of the sliding rod away from the connecting rod. A threaded rod that is threadedly connected to the first connecting plate is rotatably connected to the second connecting plate.

[0040] The building exterior wall rainwater filtration system provided by this invention uses connecting components and telescopic connecting components to fix the device to the exterior wall. When it rains, the rainwater irrigates the green plants. The irrigated rainwater flows through the bottom plate with filter holes at the bottom of the planting trough to a multi-layered filter layer for filtration, improving the quality of the rainwater. The filtered rainwater then flows downwards to the rainwater collection unit, driving the energy recovery component to generate electricity for storage and use. The rainwater in the collection unit is then pumped into the rainwater storage tank for storage and use. After rainy days, the green plants will absorb and purify carbon dioxide and other organic matter in the air through photosynthesis, and produce oxygen, thereby improving the air purification efficiency and further increasing the utilization rate of rainwater.

[0041] The rainwater filtration system for building exterior walls provided by this invention allows for direct observation of the entire process of rainwater filtration—before, during, and after filtration. Furthermore, through an LED display screen and electrical signal connections between multiple sensors, various data indicators are displayed intuitively. This allows the public to understand the significance of resource utilization, and enables people or children below to directly observe the principle of rainwater filtration and utilization, thus providing guidance, raising public awareness, and enhancing environmental consciousness. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of a building exterior wall rainwater filtration system that combines plant purification, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a building exterior wall rainwater filtration system that combines plant purification, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the vertical greening unit and the rainwater collection unit of the building exterior wall rainwater filtration system that combines plant purification, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of a building exterior wall rainwater filtration system that combines plant purification, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the energy recovery component of the building exterior wall rainwater filtration system that combines plant purification, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the display screen assembly of the building exterior wall rainwater filtration system that combines plant purification, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 7 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the building exterior wall rainwater filtration system that combines plant purification, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] In the diagram: 1. Planting trough; 2. Filter layer; 3. Rainwater collection trough; 4. Waterproof luminous strip; 5. Partition; 6. Sand and gravel layer; 7. Activated carbon layer; 8. Biofilm layer; 9. Drainage pipe; 10. Water pipe; 11. Water inlet pipe; 12. Inclined plate; 13. Primary collection box; 14. Turbine; 15. Generator; 16. Support frame; 17. Energy storage battery; 18. Support plate; 19. Protective box; 20. Lifting door; 21. Water pump; 22. Storage box; 23. Pipe; 24. Connecting pipe; 25. LED display screen; 26. Electrical control box; 27. Threaded telescopic rod; 28. Connecting plate; 29. ​​Mounting hole; 30. L-shaped rotating handle; 31. Connecting rod; 32. Fixing rod; 33. Sliding rod; 34. Buckle plate; 35. First connecting plate; 36. Second connecting plate; 37. Threaded rod; 38. Fixing sleeve rod; 39. First support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0052] like Figures 1-3 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the building exterior wall rainwater filtration system combined with plant purification includes several vertical greening units, which are used for filtering and purifying the air.

[0053] The vertical greening unit includes a planting trough 1, a filter layer 2, and a rainwater collection trough 3 arranged in sequence. The bottom of the planting trough 1 is a base plate with filter holes, which facilitates the flow of rainwater that has been used to irrigate the plants to the filter layer 2 below for filtration. The planting trough 1 contains coconut coir and perlite for growing plants. Coconut coir and perlite are suitable for plant growth and do not affect the downward flow of rainwater. Various plants planted in the planting trough 1 form a greening network. The plants used are reeds, calamus, pothos, and ivy, which are easy to grow and filter.

[0054] Specifically, after the green plants are irrigated by rainwater, they grow normally. After a rainy day, the green plants will absorb and purify carbon dioxide and other organic matter in the air through photosynthesis, and produce oxygen, thereby improving the air purification efficiency and further improving the utilization rate of rainwater.

[0055] The vertical greening unit is a sealed high-transparency UVC acrylic panel. The planting trough 1 is equipped with an IP68-level waterproof and light-emitting strip 4. The waterproof and light-emitting strip 4 is used to illuminate the interior of the vertical greening unit. The combination of the high-transparency UVC acrylic panel and the IP68-level waterproof and light-emitting strip 4 makes it easy for the public to observe the rainwater filtration process directly, thereby understanding the rainwater filtration principle, raising the overall environmental awareness of citizens, and also playing a guiding role for children.

[0056] The sensor components are electrically connected to the display components and are distributed in multiple locations within the filtration system; the sensor components are used to monitor real-time data from the filtration system.

[0057] The sensor components include a rain sensor for monitoring rainfall, a temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the plant growth environment, and an air quality sensor for monitoring the concentration of pollutants in the air. The rain sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and air quality sensor are respectively installed above and on the surface of the vertical greening unit.

[0058] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the filter layer 2 includes multiple baffles 5 arranged sequentially inside the planting trough 1, as well as a sand and gravel layer 6, an activated carbon layer 7, and a biofilm layer 8. The sand and gravel layer 6 adopts a combination structure of quartz sand and gravel. The quartz sand is placed on the upper layer to effectively intercept large suspended particles and has the effects of high hardness, corrosion resistance, and good chemical stability. The gravel is laid on the lower layer to support the quartz sand layer and prevent clogging. The specific thickness of the sand and gravel layer is 10-20 cm, which is adjusted according to the rainwater flow and pollution level. It is laid in layers, with fine sand on the upper layer and coarse sand and gravel on the lower layer.

[0059] The activated carbon layer 7 uses coconut shell activated carbon, which can efficiently adsorb organic matter and some heavy metals. The specific thickness of the activated carbon layer is 5-10 cm, which can be adjusted according to water quality and adsorption requirements. The activated carbon particles are evenly laid to ensure that the water flows through evenly.

[0060] The biofilm layer 8 uses biological filler, which is a porous filler made of polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP), to provide a carrier for microbial attachment, promote biodegradation, and further improve water quality. Specifically, the thickness of the biofilm layer is 10-15 cm, which is adjusted according to water quality and degradation requirements. The biological filler is laid evenly to ensure uniform water flow. The microbial community is replenished regularly to maintain biodegradation efficiency.

[0061] The sand and gravel layer 6, activated carbon layer 7, and biofilm layer 8 are respectively arranged between every two partitions 5. The partitions 5 have filter holes. The partitions 5 are also made of high-transparency UVC acrylic sheets, which facilitates easy observation of the filtration process. When rainwater is filtered, the rainwater first enters the planting trough 1 to irrigate the plants and ensure their survival. After irrigation, the rainwater flows through the bottom plate with filter holes in the planting trough 1 to the sand and gravel layer 6. The sand and gravel layer 6 filters out large suspended particles (such as mud, sand, leaves, etc.) in the rainwater, serving as the first barrier of the filtration system. To protect the subsequent filter layers from clogging, the water flows through the baffle 5 with filter holes to the activated carbon layer 7, where it adsorbs organic matter, heavy metals, and some dissolved pollutants from the rainwater. This acts as the second barrier of the filtration system, improving water quality. The water then continues to flow downwards, passing through the biofilm layer 8, which degrades organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the rainwater. This acts as the third barrier of the filtration system, further improving water quality, thus completing the filtration of rainwater. The filtered rainwater then flows downwards for the next step of power generation.

[0062] The bottom partition 5 and the lower end face of the planting trough 1 form a rainwater collection trough 3 for collecting and filtering rainwater. The sensor assembly also includes a water quality sensor installed in the rainwater collection trough 3 for monitoring the quality of the filtered water.

[0063] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, a rainwater harvesting unit is located below the vertical greening unit and is used to collect filtered rainwater. An energy recovery component is located inside the rainwater harvesting unit and is used to generate electricity from rainwater. The lower end of each planting trough 1 is connected to a drain pipe 9 that communicates with the rainwater harvesting trough 3. The lower ends of several drain pipes 9 are connected to a water pipe 10. The two sides of the water pipe 10 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the rainwater harvesting unit through the first support frame 39. The lower end of the drain pipe 9 is connected to a water inlet pipe 11 that penetrates into the rainwater harvesting unit. Inclined plates 12 that slope towards the drain outlet of the water pipe 10 are provided on both sides inside the water pipe 10.

[0064] After being filtered, rainwater flows into the rainwater collection tank 3 and is discharged through the drain pipe 9. Multiple drain pipes 9 discharge water into the water pipe 10, and finally into the water inlet pipe 11, where it is discharged downwards. The power generation of the energy recovery component is achieved by using the gravity of the water flow. By using the inclined plate 12, the water flowing into the water pipe 10 can be quickly discharged into the water inlet pipe 11, increasing the flow rate and improving the gravity of the falling water, thus enabling the energy recovery component to generate electricity more effectively.

[0065] The rainwater harvesting unit is a transparent primary collection box 13. The energy recovery component includes a turbine 14 installed inside the primary collection box 13, a generator 15 installed inside the primary collection box 13, and an energy storage battery 17 supported by a support frame 16 and located outside the primary collection box 13. The operating principle of the energy recovery component is as follows: filtered rainwater flows through the water pipe 11 to the water wheel of the turbine 14, thereby using the impact of the water flow to drive the turbine blades to rotate. The rotation of the turbine 14 drives the generator 15 to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy output by the generator 15 is stored in the energy storage battery 17 through a rectifier and a charging controller. The stored electrical energy is used by the system's sensors, lighting, intelligent controller, and other electronic components. The vertical drop between the rainwater and the turbine 14 is 1-2 meters. The rectifier and charging controller are integrated with the energy storage battery 17.

[0066] The primary collection box 13 is also equipped with a waterproof luminous strip 4; the waterproof luminous strip 4 can illuminate the internal structure of the primary collection box 13, making it easier for people or children below to intuitively observe the working principle of the energy recovery component, thus playing a guiding role and improving public knowledge.

[0067] Turbine 14 is a Pelton turbine with the turbine located below the water inlet pipe 11. Compared to other types of turbines, Pelton turbines are more suitable for high head and low flow scenarios. The turbine blades are made of corrosion-resistant materials to adapt to rainy environments. Generator 15 is a permanent magnet synchronous generator, which is highly efficient and suitable for small power generation devices. Energy storage battery 17 is a lithium battery structure. Lithium batteries have high energy density and are suitable for small energy storage systems compared to other battery structures.

[0068] The generator 15 is supported by the support plate 18 and sealed by the waterproof cover to prevent damage to the generator 15. A protective box 19 for protecting the energy storage battery 17 is provided above the support frame 16. A sliding door 20 is provided at the opening on the outside of the protective box 19. The sliding door 20 can open and close the protective box 19 to replace or repair the energy storage battery 17.

[0069] The power generation capacity is estimated using the following formula:

[0070] P=η·ρ·g·Q·H

[0071] Where: η: system efficiency, typically 0.5-0.7; ρ: density of water, 1000 kg / m³ 3 g: gravitational acceleration 9.81 m / s² 2 Q: Flow rate m 3 / s; H: head height in meters;

[0072] Specifically, when Q = 0.5 liters / second, H = 3 meters, and η = 0.6:

[0073] P = 0.6 * 1000 * 9.81 * 0.0005 * 3 ≈ 8.8 watts

[0074] The sensor assembly also includes an energy sensor mounted on the energy recovery assembly. The energy sensor is installed at the output of the energy recovery assembly and is used to monitor the amount of electricity generated.

[0075] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a rainwater storage tank is connected to the rainwater collection unit. The rainwater storage tank includes two interconnected storage tanks 22, which are connected above each other by a pipe 23. A water pump 21 is installed below the support plate 18. The drain end of the water pump 21 is connected to one of the storage tanks 22 through a connecting pipe 24. When the filtered rainwater enters the primary collection tank 13, the water pump 21 pumps the filtered water into the first storage tank 22. When the water volume in the first storage tank 22 reaches the height of the pipe 23, the water will automatically flow into the second storage tank 22. It should be noted that the number of storage tanks 22 can be set according to the needs.

[0076] The water pump 21 is powered by the energy storage battery 17 and an external power source. When the energy storage battery 17 has sufficient power, the water pump 21 can be powered by the energy storage battery 17. When the energy storage battery 17 has low power, the water pump 21 is directly connected to an external power source. Switching between the two modes can greatly improve resource utilization.

[0077] The storage tank 22 is made of explosion-proof tempered glass. The sensor assembly also includes another water quality sensor installed inside the storage tank 22 to monitor the water quality of the final stored water. The use of explosion-proof tempered glass allows for a direct observation of the current water storage volume of the storage tank 22.

[0078] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the display assembly is located on one side of the rainwater collection unit and is used to display real-time data. The display assembly includes a waterproof LED display 25 and an electrical control box 26 located on the back of the LED display 25. The display assembly is powered by a storage battery 17 and an external power supply. When the storage battery 17 has sufficient power, it can supply power through the storage battery 17. When the storage battery 17 has low power, it is directly connected to an external power supply. The switching between the two modes can greatly improve resource utilization. The electrical control box 26 is equipped with a data acquisition and transmission module.

[0079] The data acquisition and transmission module transmits data from multiple sensors to the LED display screen 25 in real time via wireless communication technology. The data acquisition and transmission module is integrated into the intelligent controller. The intelligent controller includes a main control chip, sensor interface, communication module, power management module, and storage module.

[0080] Furthermore, the main control chip is a Raspberry Pi embedded processor, the sensor interface uses one or more combinations of I2C, SPI, and UART, and the communication module uses Wi-Fi to transmit data;

[0081] In a specific implementation, the LED display screen 25 is wirelessly connected to a rain sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an air quality sensor, and an energy sensor via an intelligent controller. The rain sensor monitors rainfall and displays the collected rainwater on the LED display screen 25; a Texas Instruments TMP117 rain sensor is used. The water quality sensor monitors the purified water quality (e.g., pH value, turbidity, heavy metal content), and the LED display screen 25 displays the purification efficiency; an Atlas Scientific EZO-pH Circuit water quality sensor is used. The air quality sensor monitors the concentrations of pollutants such as PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 in the air and displays the air quality index on the LED display screen 25; a Plantower PMS5003 air quality sensor is used. The energy sensor monitors the power generation of the energy recovery component and displays the energy generated on the LED display screen 25; an INA219 High-Side DC Current Sensor energy sensor is used. By intuitively displaying various data indicators on the LED display screen 25, this device allows the public to clearly understand the significance of resource utilization, thereby enhancing public environmental awareness.

[0082] like Figure 4 As shown, both the rainwater harvesting unit and the display screen assembly have telescopic connection components on their backs for fixed connection with the wall; the telescopic connection components include a fixed sleeve rod 38, a threaded telescopic rod 27 that is threadedly connected to the fixed sleeve rod 38, and a connecting plate 28 for connection with the exterior wall.

[0083] During installation, rotate the threaded telescopic rod 27 to make it rotate within the fixed sleeve rod 38, ultimately adjusting the connecting plate 28 to fit against the outer wall.

[0084] The connecting plate 28 has several mounting holes 29, and the inner side of the connecting plate 28 is provided with an inwardly extending L-shaped rotating handle 30. The side of the connecting plate 28 near the wall is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0085] After the connecting plate 28 is attached to the wall, drill holes in the mounting holes 29 and insert the corresponding fixing screws to fix the device. The inwardly extending L-shaped rotating handle 30 facilitates the rotation of the threaded telescopic rod 27, and the anti-slip texture can improve the anti-slip effect when the connecting plate 28 is in contact with the wall.

[0086] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the back of the vertical greening unit is provided with a connecting component for connecting and fixing to the parapet wall. The connecting component includes a connecting rod 31 that connects to several vertical greening units and several connectors disposed inside the connecting rod 31. The vertical greening unit in the device is fixed to the parapet wall through the connecting component.

[0087] The connector includes a fixed rod 32 connected to the connecting rod 31, a slide rod 33 slidably connected to the fixed rod 32, and a buckle plate 34 disposed at the lower end of the slide rod 33 and on the side away from the connecting rod 31;

[0088] The buckle plate 34 is also provided with several mounting holes 29. A first connecting plate 35 is provided on the side of the upper end face of the fixing rod 32 near the buckle plate 34. A second connecting plate 36 is provided on the side of the upper end of the sliding rod 33 away from the connecting rod 31. A threaded rod 37 that is threadedly connected to the first connecting plate 35 is rotatably connected to the second connecting plate 36.

[0089] During the fixing process, the position of the buckle plate 34 is adjusted according to the thickness of the parapet wall. During adjustment, the threaded rod 37 is rotated to drive the slide rod 33 to slide within the fixing rod 32, thereby adjusting it to fit the wall. Then, holes are drilled in the wall according to the mounting holes 29, and the corresponding fixing screws are inserted to achieve the initial fixing of the device.

[0090] Working principle and usage process of this invention:

[0091] The device is fixed to the exterior wall using connecting components and telescopic connecting components. When it rains, rainwater first enters the planting trough 1 to irrigate the plants and ensure their survival. After irrigation, the rainwater flows through the bottom plate with filter holes at the bottom of the planting trough 1 to the multi-layered filter layer 2 for filtration. The filtration improves the quality of the rainwater, thus completing the filtration process. The filtered rainwater flows downward to the rainwater collection unit and drives the energy recovery component to generate electricity for storage and use. The rainwater in the rainwater collection unit is pumped by the water pump 21 to the rainwater storage tank for storage and use. After the rainy day, the plants will absorb and purify carbon dioxide and other organic matter in the air through photosynthesis and produce oxygen, thereby improving the air purification efficiency and further improving the utilization rate of rainwater.

[0092] Furthermore, throughout the entire process of rainwater filtration—before, during, and after—the filtration process is not only visually observable, but also allows for the intuitive display of various data indicators via the LED display screen 25 and the electrical signal connection between multiple sensors. This enables the public to intuitively understand the significance of resource utilization, and allows people or children below to directly observe the principle of rainwater filtration and utilization, thus providing guidance, improving public knowledge, and enhancing public environmental awareness.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building exterior wall rainwater filtration system incorporating plant purification, characterized in that, include: Several vertical greening units, which are used to filter and purify the air; A rainwater harvesting unit is located below the vertical greening unit and is used to collect filtered rainwater. An energy recovery component is installed inside the rainwater collection unit and is used to generate electricity from rainwater. The rainwater collection unit is connected to a rainwater storage tank for storing water. A display screen assembly is disposed on one side of the rainwater collection unit and is used to display real-time data; A sensor assembly, which is electrically connected to a display assembly and distributed at multiple locations within the filtration system, is used to monitor real-time data of the filtration system. Both the rainwater collection unit and the display screen assembly have telescopic connection components on their backs for fixed connection with the wall. The back of the vertical greening unit is provided with a connecting component for connecting and fixing to the parapet wall; The vertical greening unit includes a planting trough (1), a filter layer (2), and a rainwater collection trough (3) arranged in sequence. The bottom of the planting trough (1) is a base plate with filter holes. Coconut coir and perlite for growing green plants are placed in the planting trough (1). Various green plants planted in the planting trough (1) form a greening network. The vertical greening unit is a sealed high-transparency UVC acrylic panel. The planting trough (1) is equipped with an IP68-level waterproof light-emitting strip (4), which is used to illuminate the interior of the vertical greening unit. The sensor assembly includes a rain sensor for monitoring rainfall, a temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the plant growth environment, and an air quality sensor for monitoring the concentration of pollutants in the air. The rain sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and air quality sensor are respectively installed above and on the surface of the vertical greening unit. The filter layer (2) includes multiple partitions (5) arranged sequentially inside the planting trough (1), as well as a sand and gravel layer (6), an activated carbon layer (7), and a biofilm layer (8). The sand and gravel layer (6), activated carbon layer (7) and biofilm layer (8) are respectively disposed between every two partitions (5), and the partitions (5) are provided with filter holes; the partitions (5) are also high-transmittance UVC acrylic sheets; The rainwater collection trough (3) is formed between the bottom partition (5) and the lower end face of the planting trough (1). The sensor assembly also includes a water quality sensor disposed in the rainwater collection trough (3). The rainwater collection unit is a transparent primary collection box (13), and the waterproof luminous strip (4) is also provided inside the primary collection box (13). The telescopic connection assembly includes a fixed sleeve rod (38), a threaded telescopic rod (27) that is threadedly connected to the fixed sleeve rod (38), and a connecting plate (28) for connecting to the exterior wall. The connection assembly includes a connecting rod (31) that is connected to several vertical greening units, and several connecting parts disposed inside the connecting rod (31).

2. The building exterior wall rainwater filtration system combining plant purification according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each planting trough (1) has a drainage pipe (9) connected to the rainwater collection trough (3) at its lower end. The lower ends of several drainage pipes (9) are connected to a water pipe (10). The two sides of the water pipe (10) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the rainwater collection unit through a first support frame (39). The lower end of the drainage pipe (9) is connected to a water inlet pipe (11) that penetrates into the rainwater collection unit. The two sides inside the water pipe (10) are provided with inclined plates (12) that slope towards the drain outlet of the water pipe (10).

3. The building exterior wall rainwater filtration system combining plant purification according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy recovery assembly includes a turbine (14) disposed inside the primary collection tank (13), a generator (15) disposed inside the primary collection tank (13), and an energy storage battery (17) supported by a support frame (16) and located outside the primary collection tank (13). The turbine (14) is a Pelton turbine and the turbine is located below the water inlet pipe (11); the generator (15) is a permanent magnet synchronous generator; and the energy storage battery (17) is a lithium battery structure. The generator (15) is supported by a support plate (18) and sealed by a waterproof cover. A protective box (19) for protecting the energy storage battery (17) is provided above the support frame (16). A sliding door (20) is provided at the opening on the outside of the protective box (19). The power generation capacity is estimated using the following formula: Where: η: system efficiency (0.5-0.7); ρ: density of water (1000 kg / m³). 3 g: gravitational acceleration (9.81 m / s²) 2 Q: Flow rate (m) 3 / s); H: Head height (m); The sensor assembly also includes an energy sensor mounted on the energy recovery assembly.

4. The building exterior wall rainwater filtration system combining plant purification according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rainwater storage tank includes two interconnected storage tanks (22), and the two storage tanks (22) are connected above each other by a pipe (23); A water pump (21) is provided below the support plate (18). The drain end of the water pump (21) is connected to one of the storage boxes (22) through a connecting pipe (24). The water pump (21) is powered by the energy storage battery (17) and an external power supply. The storage box (22) is made of explosion-proof tempered glass, and the sensor assembly also includes another water quality sensor installed inside the storage box (22).

5. The building exterior wall rainwater filtration system combining plant purification according to claim 4, characterized in that, The display assembly includes a waterproof LED display (25) and an electrical control box (26) disposed on the back of the LED display (25). The display assembly is powered by the energy storage battery (17) and an external power supply. The electrical control box (26) is equipped with a data acquisition and transmission module. The data acquisition and transmission module transmits multiple sensor data to the LED display screen (25) in real time via wireless communication technology for display. The data acquisition and transmission module is integrated into the intelligent controller. The intelligent controller includes a main control chip, a sensor interface, a communication module, a power management module, and a storage module.

6. The building exterior wall rainwater filtration system combining plant purification according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main control chip is a Raspberry Pi embedded processor, the sensor interface uses one or more combinations of I2C, SPI, and UART, and the communication module uses Wi-Fi to transmit data. The LED display screen (25) is wirelessly connected to the rain sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, air quality sensor and energy sensor respectively through the intelligent controller.

7. The building exterior wall rainwater filtration system combining plant purification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting plate (28) has several mounting holes (29), and the inner side of the connecting plate (28) is provided with an inwardly extending L-shaped rotating handle (30). The side of the connecting plate (28) near the wall is provided with anti-slip texture.

8. The building exterior wall rainwater filtration system combining plant purification according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connector includes a fixed rod (32) connected to the connecting rod (31), a slide rod (33) slidably connected to the fixed rod (32), and a buckle plate (34) disposed at the lower end of the slide rod (33) and away from the connecting rod (31). The buckle plate (34) is also provided with a number of mounting holes (29). A first connecting plate (35) is provided on the side of the upper end of the fixing rod (32) close to the buckle plate (34). A second connecting plate (36) is provided on the side of the upper end of the slide rod (33) away from the connecting rod (31). A threaded rod (37) that is threadedly connected to the first connecting plate (35) is rotatably connected to the second connecting plate (36).

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