Preparation method of intelligent regulation and control type water-soluble fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a preparation method of an intelligent regulation and control type water-soluble fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a livestock and poultry manure raw material required by water-soluble fertilizer components, and irradiating the surface of the pre-extruded livestock and poultry manure raw material by using a light source; screening characteristic raw material sub-regions according to the comparison condition of dark spots in each irradiation region, judging whether the fiber content of the livestock and poultry manure raw material is abnormal or not according to the distribution condition of the characteristic raw material sub-regions, pre-treating the livestock and poultry manure raw material, and judging whether the pre-treatment is effective or not according to the comparison condition of each specific surface area; the method comprises the following steps: crushing the raw materials, adjusting a turning mode for fermenting crushed products, extracting organic components, and mixing and concentrating the organic components and other components in the water-soluble fertilizer to prepare the target water-soluble fertilizer, so that in the preparation process of the water-soluble fertilizer, the follow-up preparation process is adaptively regulated according to different fiber contents of the raw materials, and the yield of the water-soluble fertilizer is improved. The extraction efficiency of the organic components in the fertilizer raw materials is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, and particularly to a preparation method of an intelligent regulation type water-soluble fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the rational use of fertilizers is crucial for improving the yield and quality of crops. Water-soluble fertilizers play an important role in agricultural production. They have the advantages of fast dissolution, high absorption efficiency, and convenient use, and can quickly provide nutrients for crops. However, the preparation methods of traditional water-soluble fertilizers have many limitations. There is a lack of precise control over the production process and effective regulation means, which affects the extraction efficiency of organic components and is difficult to meet the requirements of the refined and efficient development of modern agriculture. With the rapid development of modern information technologies such as the Internet of Things, sensors, and intelligent control, introducing intelligent regulation technology into the preparation process of water-soluble fertilizers, adaptively controlling the preparation process according to different fertilizer raw materials, and improving the extraction efficiency of organic components are the technical problems that need to be solved urgently.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent authorization announcement number: CN117402020B. This invention discloses an increasing-production biological organic fertilizer and the preparation method of the above-mentioned increasing-production biological organic fertilizer. After crushing bagasse and adding it to water, adjusting the pH value of the system to 5 - 6, adding vitamin C and stirring evenly, stirring at 50 - 60 °C for 5 - 15 h to obtain a prefabricated material; mixing the prefabricated material and a composting agent evenly, composting and fermenting. When the central temperature of the compost pile reaches 50 - 55 °C, fermenting at a constant temperature for 10 - 20 h, adding distiller's grains and yttrium phosphate powder and then turning the pile, continuing composting and fermenting, and ending the fermentation to obtain a fermented material; aerating the fermented material, adding algal species to it, culturing under sunlight for 2 - 5 days, adding EM bacteria and compound amino acids and stirring evenly to obtain the increasing-production biological organic fertilizer. This invention aims at the composition characteristics of bagasse, uses the fermentation effect of the composting agent to convert bagasse into high-quality organic fertilizer for returning to the field, improves soil fertility, greatly improves the utilization rate and added value, and reduces environmental pollution at the same time.

[0004] The following problems also exist in the prior art:

[0005] The prior art does not consider that different fiber contents of raw materials in the components of water-soluble fertilizers will affect the particle size uniformity of the crushed products, thereby affecting the full contact between organic components and extractants. In the preparation process of water-soluble fertilizers in the prior art, the subsequent preparation process cannot be regulated adaptively according to different raw material fiber contents, which affects the extraction efficiency of organic components in fertilizer raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides a preparation method of an intelligent regulation type water-soluble fertilizer to overcome the problem that in the preparation process of the water-soluble fertilizer in the prior art, the subsequent preparation process cannot be adaptively regulated according to the different fiber contents of the raw materials, which affects the extraction efficiency of the organic components in the fertilizer raw materials.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a preparation method of an intelligent regulation type water-soluble fertilizer, including:

[0008] Obtain livestock and poultry manure raw materials required for water-soluble fertilizer components, and perform pre-extrusion on the livestock and poultry manure raw materials;

[0009] Irradiate the surface of the pre-extruded livestock and poultry manure raw materials with a light source of a preset intensity, divide the surface of the livestock and poultry manure raw materials into several irradiation areas, determine fiber characterization parameters according to the comparison of dark spots in each irradiation area, and screen characteristic raw material sub-areas based on the fiber characterization parameters;

[0010] Judge whether there is an abnormal fiber content phenomenon in the livestock and poultry manure raw materials according to the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-areas. In response to the existence of an abnormal fiber content phenomenon, perform pretreatment on the livestock and poultry manure raw materials, and determine the number of treatment times of the pretreatment according to the fiber characterization parameters corresponding to each characteristic raw material sub-area;

[0011] Perform crushing treatment on the livestock and poultry manure raw materials to obtain a crushed product, obtain the specific surface area of the crushed product corresponding to a preset number of monitoring times, judge whether the pretreatment is effective according to the comparison of each specific surface area, and adjust the turning pile method for fermenting the crushed product according to several specific surface areas;

[0012] Extract organic components from the fermented crushed product, and mix and concentrate with the remaining components in the water-soluble fertilizer to obtain the target water-soluble fertilizer.

[0013] Further, the process of performing pre-extrusion on the livestock and poultry manure raw materials includes,

[0014] Apply a squeezing force perpendicular to the plane where the livestock and poultry manure raw materials are located to the livestock and poultry manure raw materials;

[0015] Real-time obtain the height values of several points on the surface of the livestock and poultry manure raw materials in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and draw a height fluctuation curve of the height values of several points changing with the squeezing force;

[0016] Calculate the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the height fluctuation curve;

[0017] If the difference does not exceed a preset difference threshold, it is determined that the pre-extrusion is completed.

[0018] Further, the process of determining the fiber characterization parameters includes,

[0019] Obtain the surface images after irradiating each irradiation area;

[0020] Determine the contour of the dark spots according to the surface images;

[0021] Determine the area of the dark spots based on the pixel points of the contour of the dark spots;

[0022] Calculate the ratio of the area of the dark spots to the area of the irradiation area, and determine the ratio as the fiber characterization parameter.

[0023] Further, the process of screening the characteristic raw material sub-areas includes,

[0024] If the fiber characterization parameter of the irradiation area does not meet the normal pore condition, then screen the irradiation area as a characteristic raw material sub-area;

[0025] The normal pore condition is that the fiber characterization parameter of the irradiation area does not exceed a preset fiber characterization reference value.

[0026] Further, the process of determining the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-areas includes,

[0027] Establish a rectangular coordinate system on the plane where the livestock manure raw material is located, and obtain the position coordinates of the regional geometric center points of each characteristic raw material sub-area;

[0028] Calculate the distance between the regional geometric center points of adjacent characteristic raw material sub-areas;

[0029] Calculate the variance of the distances based on several distances between the regional geometric center points, and determine the variance of the distances as the distribution coefficient of the characteristic raw material sub-areas.

[0030] Further, determining whether there is an abnormal fiber content in the livestock manure raw material includes,

[0031] If the distribution coefficient meets the fiber abnormality determination condition, then determine that there is an abnormal fiber content in the livestock manure raw material;

[0032] Wherein, the fiber abnormality determination condition is that the distribution coefficient exceeds a preset distribution coefficient threshold.

[0033] Further, the pretreatment is to cut the livestock manure raw material in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the livestock manure raw material is located.

[0034] Further, determining the number of treatment times of the pretreatment includes obtaining the fiber characterization parameters corresponding to each characteristic raw material sub-area, and determining the number of treatment times according to the maximum value of the fiber characterization parameters;

[0035] Among them, the number of treatments is positively correlated with the maximum value of the fiber characterization parameter, and the cutting spacing between adjacent treatment times is negatively correlated with the distribution coefficient.

[0036] Furthermore, the process of determining whether the pretreatment is effective includes

[0037] Calculating the specific surface area variance based on the specific surface areas of the crushed products corresponding to several monitoring times, and determining the specific surface area variance as the particle size difference value;

[0038] If the comparison of specific surface areas meets the normal particle size difference condition, it is determined that the pretreatment is effective, and the turning pile method for fermenting the crushed products is adjusted according to several specific surface areas;

[0039] If the comparison of specific surface areas does not meet the normal particle size difference condition, it is determined that the pretreatment is ineffective and a warning signal is issued;

[0040] Among them, the normal particle size difference condition is that the particle size difference value does not exceed a preset particle size difference reference value.

[0041] Furthermore, the process of adjusting the turning pile method includes

[0042] Calculating the average specific surface area based on the specific surface areas of the crushed products corresponding to each monitoring time;

[0043] Adjusting the turning pile frequency for fermenting the crushed products according to the average specific surface area;

[0044] Among them, the turning pile frequency is negatively correlated with the average specific surface area.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. The present invention obtains the livestock and poultry manure raw materials required for the water-soluble fertilizer components, pre-extrudes the livestock and poultry manure raw materials, irradiates the surface of the pre-extruded livestock and poultry manure raw materials with a light source of a preset intensity, divides the surface of the livestock and poultry manure raw materials into several irradiation regions, determines the fiber characterization parameters according to the comparison of the dark spots in each irradiation region, screens the characteristic raw material sub-regions based on the fiber characterization parameters, determines whether there is an abnormal fiber content phenomenon in the livestock and poultry manure raw materials according to the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-regions, responds to the existence of the abnormal fiber content phenomenon, pre-treats the livestock and poultry manure raw materials, determines the number of treatment times of the pre-treatment according to the fiber characterization parameters corresponding to each characteristic raw material sub-region, performs a crushing treatment on the livestock and poultry manure raw materials to obtain a crushed product, obtains the specific surface area of the crushed product corresponding to a preset number of monitoring times, determines whether the pre-treatment is effective according to the comparison of each specific surface area, adjusts the turning pile method for fermenting the crushed product according to several specific surface areas, extracts the organic components from the fermented crushed product, and mixes and concentrates them with the remaining components in the water-soluble fertilizer to obtain the target water-soluble fertilizer. Furthermore, in the process of preparing the water-soluble fertilizer, according to the different fiber contents of the raw materials, the subsequent preparation process is adaptively regulated, and the extraction efficiency of the organic components in the fertilizer raw materials is improved.

[0046] In particular, the present invention irradiates the surface of the pre-extruded livestock and poultry manure raw materials with a light source of a preset intensity, and determines the fiber characterization parameters according to the comparison of the dark spots in each irradiation region. It can be understood that the digestive abilities of different animals are different, and the fiber contents in the feces will also be different. In livestock and poultry manure, the fibers will aggregate and intertwine with each other, and various pores of different sizes and shapes will be formed between the fibers. When the light irradiates the surface of the livestock and poultry manure raw materials, due to the irregularity and complexity of the internal space of the pores, the light will undergo multiple reflections, scatterings and absorptions in the pores, and it is difficult for the light in the pores to be reflected out smoothly like on a flat surface. Most of the light will be absorbed by the inner wall of the pores or continuously scattered and lost in the pores, so that the region where the pores are located appears darker in the surface image, forming dark spots. The present invention irradiates the surface of the pre-extruded livestock and poultry manure raw materials with a light source of a preset intensity, determines the fiber characterization parameters according to the comparison of the dark spots in each irradiation region. Furthermore, in the process of preparing the water-soluble fertilizer, the fiber content of the livestock and poultry manure raw materials can be quickly detected, and the extraction efficiency of the organic components in the fertilizer raw materials is improved.

[0047] In particular, the present invention determines whether there is an abnormal fiber content in livestock and poultry manure raw materials based on the distribution of characteristic raw material sub-regions. It can be understood that the fibers in livestock and poultry manure raw materials will generate pores, and the characteristic raw material sub-regions are the irradiation regions with a relatively large pore content. By calculating the length values of the connecting lines of the regional geometric center points of several adjacent characteristic raw material sub-regions, the interval information of the characteristic raw material sub-regions in terms of spatial position can be obtained. The smaller the variance of the length values and the smaller the distribution coefficient, the more stable the length values of the connecting lines of the adjacent geometric center points of adjacent regions, and the more uniform the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-regions in the livestock and poultry manure raw materials. The larger the variance of the length values and the larger the distribution coefficient, the greater the numerical fluctuation of the length values of the connecting lines of the adjacent geometric center points of adjacent regions, and the more uneven the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-regions in the livestock and poultry manure raw materials. The present invention determines whether there is an abnormal fiber content in livestock and poultry manure raw materials based on the distribution of characteristic raw material sub-regions. Furthermore, in the process of preparing water-soluble fertilizers, the fiber distribution in the raw materials is quantified, and the extraction efficiency of the organic components in the fertilizer raw materials is improved.

[0048] In particular, the present invention pre-treats livestock and poultry manure raw materials with abnormal fiber content. It can be understood that when there is an abnormal fiber content, the fiber distribution in the livestock and poultry manure raw materials is uneven. At this time, if directly crushed, the high-fiber content regions are difficult to be fully crushed due to the large fiber toughness and complex structure, and there may be residues of large pieces or long strips of materials. The low-fiber content regions are easily over-crushed, resulting in uneven particle sizes of the crushed products, uneven microbial action during fermentation, and affecting the extraction of organic components and the final quality of the fertilizer. By performing cutting treatment before crushing, the large fiber lumps and long fiber bundles in the high-fiber regions can be cut off, making their sizes smaller and structures looser. During the crushing process, the livestock and poultry manure raw materials are evenly stressed, so that the particle sizes of the crushed products are uniform, and the extraction of organic components and the final quality of the fertilizer are improved. The present invention pre-treats livestock and poultry manure raw materials with abnormal fiber content. Furthermore, in the process of preparing water-soluble fertilizers, according to the different fiber contents of the raw materials, the subsequent preparation process is adaptively regulated, and the extraction efficiency of the organic components in the fertilizer raw materials is improved.

[0049] In particular, the present invention determines whether the pretreatment is effective based on the comparison of specific surface areas. It can be understood that by obtaining the specific surface areas of the crushed products at several monitoring times and calculating their variances, the degree of dispersion of the specific surface areas can be intuitively reflected. There is an inverse relationship between the particle size of the crushed products and the specific surface area. The smaller the particle size, the larger the specific surface area. Therefore, the smaller the variance of the specific surface area, the smaller the particle size difference value, the smaller the particle size difference of the crushed products, and the more uniform the crushed products obtained during the crushing process, that is, the current pretreatment is effective. The larger the variance of the specific surface area, the larger the particle size difference value, the larger the particle size difference of the crushed products, and the more uneven the crushed products obtained during the crushing process, that is, the current pretreatment is ineffective. The present invention determines whether the pretreatment is effective based on the comparison of specific surface areas. Furthermore, in the process of preparing water-soluble fertilizers, according to the different fiber contents of the raw materials, the subsequent preparation process is adaptively regulated, improving the extraction efficiency of the organic components in the fertilizer raw materials.

[0050] In particular, the present invention adjusts the turning pile method for fermenting the crushed products according to several specific surface areas. It can be understood that the larger the average value of the specific surface areas of the crushed products at several monitoring times, the larger the contact area between the crushed products and the air. During the fermentation process, oxygen can be transmitted more quickly and fully into the interior of the materials, providing sufficient oxygen for the growth and metabolism of aerobic microorganisms, making the activity of the microorganisms relatively high, and the fermentation reaction can proceed smoothly. Moreover, the crushed products with a large specific surface area are relatively easy to dissipate heat and will not cause local overheating due to heat accumulation, affecting the growth and fermentation effect of the microorganisms. Therefore, the required turning pile frequency is relatively small. An excessively high turning pile frequency will increase the labor cost and equipment wear, and at the same time, it will also interfere with the microbial environment during the fermentation process. The present invention adjusts the turning pile method for fermenting the crushed products according to several specific surface areas. Furthermore, in the process of preparing water-soluble fertilizers, according to the different fiber contents of the raw materials, the subsequent preparation process is adaptively regulated, improving the extraction efficiency of the organic components in the fertilizer raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 is the step flow chart of the preparation method of the intelligent regulation type water-soluble fertilizer according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 is the logic flow chart of screening the characteristic raw material sub-regions according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 is the logic flow chart of determining whether there is an abnormal fiber content in the livestock and poultry manure raw materials according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 is the logic flow chart of determining whether the current pretreatment is effective according to the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0055] In order to make the objectives and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0056] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating directions or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0058] In addition, it should also be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 1 as shown, which is a step flow chart of the preparation method of the intelligent regulation type water-soluble fertilizer in the embodiment of the present invention. A preparation method of an intelligent regulation type water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention includes:

[0060] Step S100, obtaining the livestock and poultry manure raw materials required for the water-soluble fertilizer components, and pre-extruding the livestock and poultry manure raw materials;

[0061] Specifically, the present invention does not make specific limitations on the pre-extrusion method. Preferably, the livestock and poultry manure raw materials can be pre-extruded by a hydraulic extruder, which is widely used in fields such as wood processing and food processing, and will not be elaborated here.

[0062] Step S200, irradiating the surface of the pre-extruded livestock and poultry manure raw materials with a light source of a preset intensity, dividing the surface of the livestock and poultry manure raw materials into several irradiation regions, determining the fiber characterization parameters according to the comparison of the dark spots in each irradiation region, and screening the characteristic raw material sub-regions based on the fiber characterization parameters;

[0063] Specifically, the present invention does not specifically limit the manner of irradiating the surface of the livestock and poultry manure raw material. Preferably, it can be achieved by a parallel light source. The intensity of the parallel light source can be 1000 lux. The parallel light source is installed at a fixed height above the raw material. The parallel light source can provide uniform and directional light, so that each part of the surface of the livestock and poultry manure raw material is illuminated to the same degree, avoiding misjudgment of surface brightness differences caused by uneven light angles or intensities. Details are not described here.

[0064] Specifically, the size of the irradiation area can be set by those skilled in the art according to the specific size of the livestock and poultry manure raw material. Preferably, the size of the irradiation area can be 5 cm × 5 cm, which is divided into 20 irradiation areas.

[0065] Step S300, determine whether there is an abnormal fiber content in the livestock and poultry manure raw material according to the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-regions. In response to the existence of an abnormal fiber content phenomenon, perform pretreatment on the livestock and poultry manure raw material, and determine the number of treatment times of the pretreatment according to the fiber characterization parameters corresponding to each characteristic raw material sub-region;

[0066] Step S400, perform crushing treatment on the livestock and poultry manure raw material to obtain a crushed product, obtain the specific surface area of the crushed product corresponding to a preset number of monitoring times, determine whether the pretreatment is effective according to the comparison of each specific surface area, and adjust the turning pile method for fermenting the crushed product according to several specific surface areas;

[0067] Specifically, the present invention does not specifically limit the manner of crushing the livestock and poultry manure raw material. Preferably, it can be achieved by a toothed roll crusher. Details are not described here.

[0068] Specifically, the monitoring times can be set by those skilled in the art according to the precision requirements of the water-soluble fertilizer preparation process. The higher the precision requirements, the shorter the interval of the monitoring times and the more monitoring times are set. Preferably, the monitoring times can start from the crushing start time, with an interval of 1 minute, and 5 monitoring times are set.

[0069] Specifically, the present invention does not specifically limit the fermentation method of the crushed product. Preferably, it can be strip stacking fermentation. The crushed livestock and poultry manure is piled up in a strip stack for fermentation, which is widely used in the field of fertilizer preparation. Details are not described here.

[0070] Step S500, extract the organic components from the fermented crushed product, and mix and concentrate them with the remaining components in the water-soluble fertilizer to obtain the target water-soluble fertilizer.

[0071] Specifically, the remaining components in the water-soluble fertilizer can be nutrient elements, acid-base regulating components, chelating agents, and auxiliaries. Preferably, they can be potassium carbonate, calcium chloride, citric acid and its salts, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and silicone.

[0072] Specifically, extracting the organic components and mixing and concentrating them with the remaining components is a conventional process flow for fertilizer preparation, which will not be elaborated here.

[0073] Specifically, the process of pre-extruding the livestock and poultry manure raw material includes

[0074] applying an extrusion force perpendicular to the plane where the livestock and poultry manure raw material is located;

[0075] obtaining in real time the height values of several points on the surface of the livestock and poultry manure raw material in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and drawing a height fluctuation curve of the height values of several points changing with the extrusion force;

[0076] calculating the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the height fluctuation curve;

[0077] If the difference does not exceed the preset difference threshold, it is determined that the pre-extrusion is completed;

[0078] If the difference exceeds the preset difference threshold, it is determined that the pre-extrusion is not completed;

[0079] Specifically, a specific embodiment for determining whether the pre-extrusion is completed is given here. Before the pre-extrusion, the height values of each point are 23.4 cm, 27.1 cm, 26.4 cm, 21.6 cm, 25.3 cm respectively. When the extrusion force is 40 N, the height values of each point are 22.6 cm, 24.2 cm, 24.4 cm, 21.3 cm, 23.7 cm respectively. When the extrusion force is 50 N, the height values of each point are 21.3 cm, 22.2 cm, 22.1 cm, 21.1 cm, 21.7 cm respectively. When the extrusion force is 60 N, the height values of each point are 19.7 cm, 20.2 cm, 20.1 cm, 19.8 cm, 19.9 cm respectively. At this time, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value is 5 mm, which does not exceed the preset difference threshold, and it is determined that the pre-extrusion is completed.

[0080] Specifically, the preset difference threshold can be set by those skilled in the art according to the precision requirements of the water-soluble fertilizer preparation process. The higher the precision requirements, the smaller the preset difference threshold. Preferably, the difference threshold can be 5 mm.

[0081] Specifically, the process of determining the fiber characterization parameters includes

[0082] obtaining the surface images after irradiation of each irradiation area;

[0083] Determine the contour of the dark spots based on the surface image;

[0084] Determine the area of the dark spots based on the pixel points of the contour of the dark spots;

[0085] Calculate the ratio of the area of the dark spots to the area of the irradiation region, and determine the ratio as the fiber characterization parameter.

[0086] Specifically, the present invention does not specifically limit the method for obtaining the fiber characterization parameter. Preferably, it can be achieved by an industrial camera cooperating with an image processor. Convert the obtained color surface image into a grayscale image, obtain the contour of the dark spots through a contour algorithm, calculate the number of pixels in the dark spot area to obtain the area of the dark spots, and calculate the ratio of the area of the dark spots to the area of the irradiation region. Details are not described here.

[0087] Specifically, a specific embodiment for determining the fiber characterization parameter is given here. The areas of the dark spots obtained from the surface image for each region are 2.2 cm, 3.6 cm, 1.8 cm, 4.5 cm, and 2.9 cm respectively. The irradiation region is a rectangular region of 5 cm × 5 cm, and the area of the irradiation region is 25 cm². The ratios of the area of the dark spots to the area of the irradiation region are 0.088, 0.144, 0.072, 0.18, and 0.116 respectively. The fiber characterization parameters are 0.088, 0.144, 0.072, 0.18, and 0.116 respectively.

[0088] Specifically, the present invention irradiates the surface of the pre-extruded livestock and poultry manure raw materials with a light source of a preset intensity, and determines the fiber characterization parameter according to the comparison of the dark spots in each irradiation region. It can be understood that different animals have different digestion abilities, and the fiber content in the manure will also be different. In livestock and poultry manure, the fibers will aggregate and intertwine with each other, and various pores of different sizes and shapes will be formed between the fibers. When light irradiates the surface of the livestock and poultry manure raw materials, due to the irregularity and complexity of the internal space of the pores, the light will undergo multiple reflections, scattering, and absorption in the pores. It is difficult for the light in the pores to be reflected out smoothly like on a flat surface, and most of the light will be absorbed by the inner wall of the pores or continuously scattered and lost in the pores, resulting in a darker state in the surface image in the area where the pores are located, forming dark spots. The present invention irradiates the surface of the pre-extruded livestock and poultry manure raw materials with a light source of a preset intensity, determines the fiber characterization parameter according to the comparison of the dark spots in each irradiation region, and further realizes the rapid detection of the fiber content of the livestock and poultry manure raw materials in the preparation process of water-soluble fertilizers, improving the extraction efficiency of the organic components in the fertilizer raw materials.

[0089] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, it is the logic flowchart for screening the sub-regions of characteristic raw materials in the embodiment of the present invention. The process of screening the sub-regions of characteristic raw materials includes

[0090] If the fiber characterization parameters of the irradiated area do not meet the normal pore conditions, the irradiated area is screened as a characteristic raw material sub-region;

[0091] If the fiber characterization parameters of the irradiated area meet the normal pore conditions, the irradiated area is not screened;

[0092] The normal pore conditions mean that the fiber characterization parameters of the irradiated area do not exceed a preset fiber characterization reference value.

[0093] Specifically, the preset fiber characterization reference value can be set by those skilled in the art according to the precision requirements of the water-soluble fertilizer preparation process. The higher the precision requirements, the smaller the preset fiber characterization reference value. Preferably, the fiber characterization reference value can be 0.1.

[0094] Specifically, the process of determining the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-regions includes,

[0095] Establish a rectangular coordinate system on the plane where the livestock and poultry manure raw material is located, and obtain the position coordinates of the regional geometric center points of each characteristic raw material sub-region;

[0096] Calculate the distance between the regional geometric center points of adjacent characteristic raw material sub-regions;

[0097] Calculate the variance of the distances based on several distances between the regional geometric center points, and determine the variance of the distances as the distribution coefficient of the characteristic raw material sub-regions.

[0098] Specifically, a specific embodiment of determining the distribution coefficient is given here. The position information of each characteristic raw material sub-region obtained is (3, 5), (7, 9), (10, 6). According to the formula Calculate the lengths of the lines connecting the geometric center points of adjacent characteristic raw material sub-regions. The lengths are 5.66, 4.24, 7.07 respectively. The variance of the distances is 1.33, and the distribution coefficient is 1.33.

[0099] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, it is the logic flowchart for determining whether there is an abnormal fiber content in the livestock and poultry manure raw material in the embodiment of the present invention. Determining whether there is an abnormal fiber content in the livestock and poultry manure raw material includes,

[0100] If the distribution coefficient meets the fiber abnormality determination condition, it is determined that the livestock and poultry manure raw material has an abnormal fiber content;

[0101] If the distribution coefficient does not meet the fiber abnormality determination condition, it is determined that the livestock and poultry manure raw material does not have an abnormal fiber content;

[0102] Among them, the fiber abnormality determination condition is that the distribution coefficient exceeds a preset distribution coefficient threshold value.

[0103] Specifically, the preset distribution coefficient threshold value can be set by those skilled in the art according to the precision requirements of the water-soluble fertilizer preparation process. The higher the precision requirement, the smaller the preset distribution coefficient threshold value. Preferably, the fiber characterization reference value can be 1.

[0104] Specifically, the present invention determines whether there is an abnormal fiber content in the livestock and poultry manure raw material according to the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-regions. It can be understood that the fibers in the livestock and poultry manure raw material will generate pores. The characteristic raw material sub-region is the irradiation region with a relatively large pore content. By calculating the length values of the connecting lines of the regional geometric center points of several adjacent characteristic raw material sub-regions, the interval information of the characteristic raw material sub-regions in the spatial position can be obtained. The smaller the variance of the length values, the smaller the distribution coefficient, and the more stable the length values of the connecting lines of the adjacent geometric center points of the adjacent regions, the more uniform the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-regions in the livestock and poultry manure raw material. The larger the variance of the length values, the larger the distribution coefficient, and the greater the numerical fluctuation of the length values of the connecting lines of the adjacent geometric center points of the adjacent regions, the more uneven the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-regions in the livestock and poultry manure raw material. The present invention determines whether there is an abnormal fiber content in the livestock and poultry manure raw material according to the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-regions. Furthermore, in the process of preparing the water-soluble fertilizer, the fiber distribution in the raw material is quantified, and the extraction efficiency of the organic components in the fertilizer raw material is improved.

[0105] Specifically, the pretreatment is to cut the livestock and poultry manure raw material along the direction perpendicular to the plane where the livestock and poultry manure raw material is located.

[0106] Specifically, the present invention pre-treats the livestock and poultry manure raw material with abnormal fiber content. It can be understood that when there is an abnormal fiber content, the fiber distribution in the livestock and poultry manure raw material is uneven. At this time, if it is directly crushed, the high-fiber content area is difficult to be fully crushed due to the large fiber toughness and complex structure, and there may be large or long strip-shaped material residues. The low-fiber content area is easily over-crushed, resulting in uneven particle size of the crushed product, uneven microbial action during fermentation, and affecting the extraction of organic components and the final quality of the fertilizer. Cutting treatment before crushing can cut the large fiber clumps and long fiber bundles in the high-fiber area, making their sizes smaller and structures looser. During the crushing process, the livestock and poultry manure raw material is uniformly stressed, making the particle size of the crushed product uniform and improving the extraction of organic components and the final quality of the fertilizer. The present invention pre-treats the livestock and poultry manure raw material with abnormal fiber content. Furthermore, in the process of preparing the water-soluble fertilizer, according to the different fiber contents of the raw materials, the subsequent preparation process is adaptively regulated, and the extraction efficiency of the organic components in the fertilizer raw material is improved.

[0107] Specifically, determining the number of times of the pretreatment includes obtaining fiber characterization parameters corresponding to each characteristic raw material sub-region, and determining the number of times of the treatment according to the maximum value of the fiber characterization parameters;

[0108] Among them, the number of times of the treatment is positively correlated with the maximum value of the fiber characterization parameters, and the cutting distance between adjacent treatment times is negatively correlated with the distribution coefficient.

[0109] Specifically, a specific embodiment for determining the number of times of the pretreatment and the cutting distance between adjacent treatment times is given here. The fiber characterization parameters corresponding to each characteristic raw material sub-region are 0.088, 0.144, 0.072, 0.18, 0.116 respectively. When the distribution coefficient is 1.33, the maximum value of the fiber characterization parameters is 0.18, the number of times of the treatment is 5 times, and the cutting distance is 4 cm.

[0110] Specifically, please refer to Figure 4 As shown, it is a logic flow chart for determining whether the current pretreatment is effective in an embodiment of the present invention. The process of determining whether the current pretreatment is effective includes,

[0111] Calculating the specific surface area variance based on the specific surface areas of the crushed products corresponding to several monitoring moments obtained, and determining the specific surface area variance as the particle size difference value;

[0112] If the comparison situation of each specific surface area meets the normal condition of particle size difference, it is determined that the pretreatment is effective, and the turning pile method for fermenting the crushed product is adjusted according to several specific surface areas;

[0113] If the comparison situation of each specific surface area does not meet the normal condition of particle size difference, it is determined that the pretreatment is ineffective and a warning signal is issued;

[0114] Among them, the normal condition of the particle size difference is that the particle size difference value does not exceed a preset particle size difference reference value.

[0115] Specifically, a specific embodiment for determining the particle size difference value is given here. At each monitoring moment, a crushed product sample is taken from the discharge port of the crusher, and its specific surface area is measured using a gas adsorption method specific surface area analyzer. The specific surface areas corresponding to 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 4 min, and 5 min after the crushing starts are 4.9, 5.1, 5.0, 4.8, and 5.2 respectively. The variance of the specific surface area is 0.02, and the particle size difference value is 0.02.

[0116] Specifically, the preset particle size difference reference value can be set by those skilled in the art according to the precision requirements of the water-soluble fertilizer preparation process. The higher the precision requirement, the smaller the preset particle size difference reference value. Preferably, the particle size difference reference value can be 0.2.

[0117] Specifically, the present invention determines whether the pretreatment is effective according to the comparison of specific surface areas. It can be understood that by obtaining the specific surface areas of the crushed products at several monitoring times and calculating their variances, the degree of dispersion of the specific surface areas can be intuitively reflected. There is an inverse relationship between the particle size of the crushed products and the specific surface area. The smaller the particle size, the larger the specific surface area. Therefore, the smaller the variance of the specific surface area, the smaller the particle size difference value, the smaller the particle size difference of the crushed products, and the more uniform the crushed products obtained during the crushing process, that is, the current pretreatment is effective. The larger the variance of the specific surface area, the larger the particle size difference value, the larger the particle size difference of the crushed products, and the more uneven the crushed products obtained during the crushing process, that is, the current pretreatment is ineffective. The present invention determines whether the pretreatment is effective according to the comparison of specific surface areas. Furthermore, in the preparation process of water-soluble fertilizers, according to the different fiber contents of the raw materials, the subsequent preparation process is adaptively regulated, and the extraction efficiency of organic components in the fertilizer raw materials is improved.

[0118] Specifically, the process of adjusting the turning pile method for fermenting the crushed products includes

[0119] Calculating the average specific surface area according to the specific surface areas of the crushed products corresponding to each monitoring time;

[0120] Adjusting the turning pile frequency for fermenting the crushed products according to the average specific surface area;

[0121] Wherein, the turning pile frequency has a negative correlation with the average specific surface area.

[0122] Specifically, the present invention adjusts the turning pile method for fermenting the crushed products according to several specific surface areas. It can be understood that the larger the average value of the specific surface areas of the crushed products at several monitoring times, the larger the contact area between the crushed products and the air. During the fermentation process, oxygen can be transferred to the interior of the material more quickly and fully, providing sufficient oxygen for the growth and metabolism of aerobic microorganisms, making the activity of the microorganisms relatively high, and the fermentation reaction can proceed smoothly. Moreover, the crushed products with a large specific surface area are relatively easy to dissipate heat and will not cause local overheating due to heat accumulation, which affects the growth of microorganisms and the fermentation effect. Therefore, a smaller turning pile frequency is required. An excessively high turning pile frequency will increase the labor cost and equipment loss, and at the same time will also interfere with the microbial environment during the fermentation process. The present invention adjusts the turning pile method for fermenting the crushed products according to several specific surface areas. Furthermore, in the preparation process of water-soluble fertilizers, according to the different fiber contents of the raw materials, the subsequent preparation process is adaptively regulated, and the extraction efficiency of organic components in the fertilizer raw materials is improved.

[0123] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0124] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention; for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an intelligent controllable water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that: include: Obtaining livestock and poultry manure raw materials required for water-soluble fertilizer components, and pre-extruding the livestock and poultry manure raw materials; The surface of the pre-extruded livestock and poultry manure raw material is irradiated with a light source of preset intensity, and the surface of the livestock and poultry manure raw material is divided into a plurality of irradiation areas, and the fiber characterization parameters are determined according to the comparison of the dark spots in each irradiation area, and the characteristic raw material sub-areas are screened based on the fiber characterization parameters; Determine whether the livestock and poultry manure raw material has abnormal fiber content according to the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-regions, and in response to the presence of abnormal fiber content, pre-treat the livestock and poultry manure raw material, and determine the number of processing times of the pre-treatment according to the fiber characterization parameters corresponding to each characteristic raw material sub-region; The livestock and poultry manure raw material is crushed to obtain a crushed product, the specific surface area of ​​the crushed product corresponding to a plurality of preset monitoring moments is obtained, whether the pretreatment is effective is determined according to the comparison of the specific surface areas, and the compost turning method for fermenting the crushed product is adjusted according to the plurality of specific surface areas; The organic components are extracted from the crushed products after fermentation, and the organic components are mixed and concentrated with the remaining components in the water-soluble fertilizer to obtain the target water-soluble fertilizer.

2. The method for preparing the intelligent controllable water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of pre-extruding the livestock and poultry manure raw material includes: Applying a squeezing force perpendicular to the plane where the livestock and poultry manure raw material is located to the livestock and poultry manure raw material; Real-time acquisition of height values ​​of several points on the surface of the livestock and poultry manure raw material in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and drawing a height fluctuation curve of the height values ​​of the several points as the extrusion pressure changes; Calculating the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the height fluctuation curve; If the difference does not exceed the preset difference threshold, it is determined that the pre-extrusion is completed.

3. The method for preparing the intelligent controllable water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process of determining the fiber characterization parameters includes, Acquire a surface image of each irradiation area after irradiation; determining a dark spot contour based on the surface image; Determining the dark spot area based on the pixel points of the dark spot outline; The ratio of the dark spot area to the irradiated area area is calculated, and the ratio is determined as the fiber characterization parameter.

4. The method for preparing the intelligent controllable water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of screening characteristic raw material sub-regions includes: If the fiber characterization parameters of the irradiated area do not meet the normal pore conditions, the irradiated area is screened as a characteristic raw material sub-area; The normal pore condition is that the fiber characterization parameter of the irradiated area does not exceed a preset fiber characterization reference value.

5. The method for preparing the intelligent controllable water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of determining the distribution of the characteristic raw material sub-regions includes: Establishing a rectangular coordinate system on the plane where the livestock and poultry manure raw material is located, and obtaining the position coordinates of the regional geometric center point of each characteristic raw material sub-region; Calculate the distance between the regional geometric center points of adjacent characteristic raw material sub-regions; The spacing variance is calculated according to the spacing between the geometric center points of a plurality of regions, and the spacing variance is determined as the distribution coefficient of the characteristic raw material sub-region.

6. The method for preparing the intelligent controllable water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: Determining whether the livestock and poultry manure raw material has abnormal fiber content includes: If the distribution coefficient meets the fiber abnormality determination condition, it is determined that the livestock and poultry manure raw material has an abnormal fiber content; The fiber abnormality determination condition is that the distribution coefficient exceeds a preset distribution coefficient threshold.

7. The method for preparing the intelligent controllable water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pretreatment is to cut the livestock and poultry manure raw material in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the livestock and poultry manure raw material is located.

8. The method for preparing the intelligent controllable water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: Determining the number of processing times of the preprocessing includes obtaining fiber characterization parameters corresponding to each characteristic raw material sub-region, and determining the number of processing times according to the maximum value of the fiber characterization parameters; Therein, the number of treatments is positively correlated with the maximum value of the fiber characterization parameter, and the cutting distance between adjacent treatments is negatively correlated with the distribution coefficient.

9. The method for preparing the intelligent controllable water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of determining whether the pretreatment is effective includes: Calculating the specific surface area variance according to the specific surface areas of the crushed products corresponding to the acquired several monitoring moments, and determining the specific surface area variance as the particle size difference value; If the comparison of the specific surface areas meets the normal condition of particle size difference, it is determined that the pretreatment is effective, and the compost turning method for fermenting the crushed product is adjusted according to the specific surface areas; If the comparison of the specific surface areas does not meet the normal condition of particle size difference, the pretreatment is judged to be invalid and an early warning signal is issued; The normal particle size difference condition is that the particle size difference value does not exceed a preset particle size difference reference value.

10. The method for preparing the intelligent controllable water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The process of adjusting the compost turning method includes: According to the specific surface area of ​​the crushed products corresponding to each monitoring time, the average specific surface area is calculated; Adjusting the frequency of turning the compost for fermenting the crushed product according to the average specific surface area; Wherein, the pile turning frequency is negatively correlated with the average value of the specific surface area.

Images