Forest fire reduced scale combustion test system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fire disaster reduced-scale combustion, and discloses a forest fire disaster reduced-scale combustion test system. The forest fire reduced-scale combustion test system comprises a main test device which supports a forest combustible sample; an ignition device for igniting a forest combustible sample is arranged; the cover body is arranged on the outer side of the main detection device in a covering manner; a smoke outlet is formed in the periphery of the cover body, a cover cavity in the cover body is a negative pressure cavity, and smoke generated by combustion of a forest combustible sample on the main detection device is discharged out of the cover cavity through the smoke outlet; the environment regulation and control device is used for regulating and controlling the wind speed condition in the cover cavity; and the data collection and display device is used for collecting and recording the temperature and humidity change conditions in the cover cavity and displaying the flame synchronous simulation image and / or the data information of the smoke exhausted through the smoke exhaust port. According to the invention, the wind speed in the cover cavity is regulated and controlled through the environment regulation and control device, forest combustible combustion and fire spreading rules under different wind power conditions in a forest are simulated, and data support is provided for fire prevention and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of scaled combustion technology for forest fires, and more specifically, relates to a scaled combustion test system for forest fires. Background Art

[0002] Forest fires are natural disasters with strong suddenness, great destructiveness, and extremely difficult disposal and rescue. They are characterized by complex and changeable forest fire behaviors and large affected areas. Often, the burned area of a single forest fire can reach hundreds, thousands, or even tens of thousands of square meters. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out research on simulating the occurrence of forest fires under controllable conditions, testing, and obtaining their combustion data.

[0003] However, due to the diverse states and positions of forest combustibles, which are not as simple as in an experimental environment, most of the existing simulation devices for forest fires cannot truly reflect the real combustion situation of forest fires.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a relatively large-scale scaled combustion test system for forest fires that can provide various states and positions for placing forest combustibles to solve the above problems.

[0005] In view of this, the present application is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiency of the prior art in effectively regulating and modifying the placement states and positions of forest combustibles, and the purpose is to provide a scaled combustion test system for forest fires that can provide various states and positions of forest combustibles.

[0007] To solve the above technical problem, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a scaled combustion test system for forest fires, comprising:

[0008] A main measurement device, on which a sample of forest combustibles is supported; an ignition device for igniting the sample of forest combustibles is provided on the main measurement device;

[0009] A cover body, which covers the outside of the main measurement device; a smoke exhaust port is provided on the periphery of the cover body, and the cover cavity inside the cover body is a negative pressure chamber, and the smoke generated by the combustion of the forest combustibles sample on the main measurement device is discharged from the cover cavity through the smoke exhaust port;

[0010] An environmental regulation device for regulating the wind speed conditions inside the cover cavity;

[0011] A data collection and display device for collecting and recording the temperature and humidity changes inside the cover cavity, and displaying the synchronous simulation image of the flame and / or the data information of the smoke discharged through the smoke exhaust port.

[0012] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: In the present invention, by providing the ignition device disposed on the main measurement device, remote control ignition is realized, and the operation safety is higher; the arrangement of the cover body covering the main measurement device prevents flying sparks, fly ash, etc. generated by combustion from splashing and causing accidental fires, providing a safe operation environment for experimental personnel; through the environment control device, the wind speed in the cover cavity can be accurately controlled to simulate different wind conditions in the forest, thereby enabling in-depth exploration of the law of fire development and providing data support for fire prevention and control; the interior of the cover body is a negative pressure chamber, which can simulate the combustion scenario under natural ventilation conditions of forest fires and helps to restore the real situation; the data collection and display device can collect the temperature and humidity changes in the cover cavity, monitor in real time, and analyze the influence mechanism on the combustion of combustibles; it can display the data information of the flame synchronous simulation image and the smoke discharged from the smoke exhaust port, which helps researchers observe the process of fire development, has a positive significance for evaluating the impact of the fire environment and smoke control during fire fighting, and provides a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies.

[0013] The following further describes in detail the specific implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014] The accompanying drawings, as a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the main measurement device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is at Figure 1 a perspective view of the structure of the connection and rotation assembly;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main measurement device in a top view angle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main measurement device in a front view angle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 is at Figure 4 a perspective view of the structure of the connection and rotation assembly;

[0020] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main measurement device in a side view angle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the connection and rotation assembly from a Figure 6 certain perspective;

[0022] Figure 8 The structural schematic diagram of the main measurement device from another perspective in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 The structural schematic diagram of the connection and rotation assembly from a Figure 8 certain perspective;

[0024] Figure 10 The structural schematic diagram of the connection and rotation assembly from another perspective in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 11 The display schematic diagram of the fire field area calculation in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Description of the main components in the figure:

[0027] 1. Main measurement device; 11. Main measurement plate; 2. Support pillar; 21. Chassis; 22. Through hole; 3. Connection and rotation assembly; 31. Connection plate; 311. First arc-shaped guide groove; 312. Second arc-shaped guide groove; 313. First stop pin hole; 314. Second stop pin hole; 32. Rotating outer pivot; 321. Third arc-shaped guide groove; 322. Fourth arc-shaped guide groove; 323. Third stop pin hole; 324. First outer pivot plate; 325. Second outer pivot plate; 326. First connection part; 327. Second connection part; 33. Rotating inner pivot; 331. Fourth stop pin hole; 332. First inner pivot plate; 333. Second inner pivot plate; 334. Third connection part; 335. Fourth connection part; 4. Support bar.

[0028] It should be noted that these drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present invention in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] As Figures 1 to 11 shown, a reduced-scale combustion test system for forest fires according to the present invention includes:

[0033] A main measurement device 1, on which a forest combustible sample is supported; an ignition device for igniting the forest combustible sample is provided on the main measurement device 1.

[0034] A housing, which covers the outside of the main measurement device 1; a smoke exhaust port is provided on the periphery of the housing, and the housing cavity inside the housing is a negative pressure chamber, and the smoke generated by the combustion of the forest combustible sample on the main measurement device 1 is discharged from the housing cavity through the smoke exhaust port.

[0035] An environmental control device for controlling the wind speed condition inside the housing cavity.

[0036] A data collection and display device for collecting and recording the temperature and humidity changes inside the housing cavity, and displaying the synchronous simulation image of the flame and / or the data information of the smoke discharged through the smoke exhaust port.

[0037] In the present invention, by providing the ignition device provided on the main measurement device, remote control ignition is realized, and the operation safety is higher; the arrangement of the housing covering the main measurement device prevents the flying of sparks, fly ash, etc. generated by combustion from causing accidental fires, and provides a safe operation environment for experimental personnel; through the environmental control device, the wind speed inside the housing cavity can be accurately controlled to simulate different wind conditions in the forest, thereby enabling in-depth exploration of the law of fire development and providing data support for fire prevention and control; the inside of the housing is a negative pressure chamber, which can simulate the combustion scenario under the natural ventilation condition of forest fires and helps to restore the real situation; the data collection and display device can collect the temperature and humidity changes inside the housing cavity, monitor in real time, and can analyze its influence mechanism on the combustion of combustibles; it can display the synchronous simulation image of the flame and the data information of the smoke discharged from the smoke exhaust port, which helps researchers observe the process of fire development, is of great significance for evaluating the impact of the fire environment and smoke control during fire fighting, and provides a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies.

[0038] Please refer to Appendix Figure 1 、Appendix Figure 3 、Appendix Figure 4, Appendix Figure 6 and Appendix Figure 8 , in a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the main measurement device 1 includes: a main measurement board 11, and the main measurement board 11 is a rectangular plate-like structural member;

[0039] There are four main measurement boards 11, and the four main measurement boards 11 are arranged in a rectangular array. Any two adjacent main measurement boards 11 among the four main measurement boards 11 can rotate relative to each other;

[0040] The ignition device is arranged on the bearing surface of the main measurement board 11; the ignition device is arranged at the central position of the bearing surface of the main measurement board 11.

[0041] The present invention can flexibly adjust the relative angles of the main measurement boards according to different test requirements, simulate different forest ground layouts and slopes, enable the experiment to cover a wider range of terrain conditions, enhance the simulation ability of the system for different forest geographical environments, improve the generality and applicability of the test results, and have important significance for studying the influence of different terrains and vegetation coverage areas on forest fires; the ignition device is arranged at the set position of the main measurement board, and this centered arrangement helps to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the ignition position. During each experiment, positioning the ignition source at the central position can ensure that combustion is initiated from a relatively stable and unified position, avoid affecting the experimental results due to deviations in the ignition position, ensure the repeatability and comparability of the experiment. At the same time, setting the ignition position at the center can make the flame spread evenly in all directions, which is conducive to more accurately observing and recording the combustion conditions of forest combustible materials in different directions, and thus can better study the propagation characteristics of the flame and provide more reliable data for analyzing the spread law of forest fires.

[0042] , in a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the main measurement board 11 is a cubic plate-like structural member with a length of 10 meters and a width of 10 meters.

[0043] , in a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, an asbestos layer is arranged on the bearing surface of the main measurement board 11 (the side of the main measurement board away from the base surface when the main measurement board is in a flat state), and the asbestos layer serves to adhere forest combustible material samples of different types and different humidities to prevent them from sliding on the inclined main measurement board 11;

[0044] The main measurement board 11 is made of a flexible fireproof material, which is convenient for setting different-shaped terrains;

[0045] A baffle made of fireproof material is arranged on the outer periphery of the main measurement board 11 to prevent other surrounding objects from being ignited by the thermal radiation generated by the forest combustible material samples ignited by the ignition device on the main measurement board 11.

[0046] Please refer to Appendix Figure 1 , AppendixFigure 4 , appendage Figure 6 and appendage Figure 8 , in a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the main measurement device 1 further includes: a support column 2, and the support column 2 is a columnar structural member with adjustable length and serving as a support;

[0047] On one side of the support column 2 facing the base surface, a chassis 21 is provided; along the axial direction of the support column 2, a plurality of through holes 22 that penetrate itself and are arranged circumferentially along the chassis 21 are provided on the chassis 21;

[0048] By passing a set bolt through the through hole 22, the support column 2 is fixed on the base surface.

[0049] In the present invention, by providing the support column, the experimental height of the main measurement device can be adjusted. The increase in height not only facilitates the normal rotation adjustment of the main measurement plate, but also has a certain control effect on adjusting the air flow path in the adjustment cover cavity, which is of great significance for realizing multi-parameter and multi-condition experiments.

[0050] The support column 2 is a conventional structure in the art. The solution of this application does not involve the optimization and improvement of its structure, and its structure will not be elaborated here.

[0051] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the base surface is the ground;

[0052] It can be understood that the base surface can also be the (top) end surface of other structures, such as the top end surface of a cast cement base.

[0053] Please refer to appendage Figure 1 、appendage Figure 2 and appendage Figure 4 to appendage Figure 10 , in a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the main measurement device 1 further includes: a connection and rotation assembly 3. One end of the connection and rotation assembly 3 is connected to the end of the support column 2 away from the base surface, and the other end of the connection and rotation assembly 3 is connected with a plurality of the main measurement plates 11;

[0054] The connection and rotation assembly 3 includes:

[0055] Connecting plate 31, the connecting plate 31 includes a first connecting plate with a sector-shaped plate as the main body and a second connecting plate with a cubic plate as the main body. One end of the second connecting plate is connected to the end of the support column 2 far from the base surface. An arc-shaped avoidance groove is provided at the other end of the second connecting plate. The arc-shaped edge of the first connecting plate is connected to the groove wall of the avoidance groove of the second connecting plate; the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are integrally provided; a first arc-shaped guide groove 311 and a second arc-shaped guide groove 312 are provided on the first connecting plate along its circumferential direction. The distance from the first arc-shaped guide groove 311 to the center of the circle of the first connecting plate is greater than the distance from the second arc-shaped guide groove 312 to the center of the circle of the first connecting plate;

[0056] Rotating outer pivot 32, the rotating outer pivot 32 is an annular plate-shaped structural member; the axis of the rotating outer pivot 32 is perpendicular to the axis of the first connecting plate of the connecting plate 31; a first extending protrusion is provided on the side of the rotating outer pivot 32 close to the connecting plate 31, and the first extending protrusion extends into the first arc-shaped guide groove 311;

[0057] Rotating inner pivot 33, the rotating inner pivot 33 is a disc-shaped plate-shaped structural member, and the outer diameter of the rotating inner pivot 33 is smaller than the inner diameter of the rotating outer pivot 32; the axis of the rotating inner pivot 33 coincides with the axis of the rotating outer pivot 32, and the axis of the rotating inner pivot 33 is perpendicular to the axis of the first connecting plate of the connecting plate 31; a second extending protrusion is provided on the side of the rotating inner pivot 33 close to the connecting plate 31, and the second extending protrusion extends into the second arc-shaped guide groove 312.

[0058] In the present invention, by providing the connecting and rotating assembly 3, both the rotating outer pivot and the rotating inner pivot can rotate relative to the connecting plate connected to the support column, realizing multi-angle adjustment.

[0059] Please refer to attachment Figure 2 、attachment Figure 5 、attachment Figure 7 、attachment Figure 9 and attachment Figure 10 In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, one end of the second connecting plate is connected to the end of the support column 2 far from the base surface. An arc-shaped avoidance groove is provided at the other end of the second connecting plate. The arc-shaped edge of the first connecting plate is connected to the groove wall of the avoidance groove of the second connecting plate; the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are integrally provided;

[0060] The first connecting plate is composed of a circular plate and an arc-shaped plate with coincident centers of the circle. The circular plate is arranged on the side of the arc-shaped plate far from the second connecting plate. The circular plate and the arc-shaped plate are integrally provided to form the first connecting plate.

[0061] Please refer to attachmentFigure 2 , attached Figure 7 and attached Figure 10 , in a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, a first stop pin hole 313 and a second stop pin hole 314 are provided on the first connecting plate;

[0062] A plurality of the first stop pin holes 313 are provided, and the center of the arc corresponding to the centers of the plurality of first stop pin holes 313 coincides with the center of the circle corresponding to the first arc-shaped guide groove 311; the distance from the center of the arc corresponding to the centers of the plurality of first stop pin holes 313 to the center of the first connecting plate is greater than the distance from the second arc-shaped guide groove 312 to the center of the first connecting plate, and less than the distance from the first arc-shaped guide groove 311 to the center of the first connecting plate; the rod diameter of the first plug pin corresponds to the hole diameter of the first stop pin hole, and the provided first plug pin is inserted into the first stop pin hole 313 to prevent the rotating outer pivot 32 from moving along the first arc-shaped guide groove 311;

[0063] A plurality of the second stop pin holes 314 are provided, and the center of the arc corresponding to the centers of the plurality of second stop pin holes 314 coincides with the center of the arc corresponding to the plurality of first stop pin holes 313; the distance from the center of the arc corresponding to the centers of the plurality of second stop pin holes 314 to the center of the first connecting plate is less than the distance from the second arc-shaped guide groove 312 to the center of the first connecting plate; the rod diameter of the second plug pin corresponds to the hole diameter of the second stop pin hole, and the provided second plug pin is inserted into the second stop pin hole 314 to prevent the rotating inner pivot 33 from moving along the second arc-shaped guide groove 312.

[0064] In the present invention, by providing the first stop pin hole and the second stop pin hole, the moving positions of the rotating outer pivot and the rotating inner pivot are effectively locked, providing effective support and effectively avoiding the problem of abnormal sliding.

[0065] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the central angle corresponding to the first connecting plate is 122° to 200°;

[0066] The central angle corresponding to the first arc-shaped guide groove 311 and / or the second arc-shaped guide groove 312 is 120°.

[0067] In another specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the central angle corresponding to the first connecting plate (the arc-shaped plate) is 180°;

[0068] The central angle corresponding to the first arc-shaped guide groove 311 and / or the second arc-shaped guide groove 312 is 120°.

[0069] Please refer to attached Figure 2 , attached Figure 5 and attached Figure 9, in a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, a third arc-shaped guide groove 321 and a fourth arc-shaped guide groove 322 are provided on the rotating outer pivot 32, both along the circumferential direction of the rotating outer pivot 32 itself. The distance from the third arc-shaped guide groove 321 to the center of the rotating outer pivot 32 is greater than the distance from the fourth arc-shaped guide groove 322 to the center of the rotating outer pivot 32;

[0070] A fifth arc-shaped guide groove and a sixth arc-shaped guide groove are provided on the rotating inner pivot 33, both along the circumferential direction of the rotating inner pivot 33 itself. The distance from the fifth arc-shaped guide groove to the center of the rotating outer pivot 32 is greater than the distance from the sixth arc-shaped guide groove to the center of the rotating outer pivot 32;

[0071] The main measurement device 1 further includes: a support bar 4, and the support bar 4 is arranged on the side of the main measurement plate 11 close to the connection and rotation assembly 3; one end of the support bar 4 is connected to the main measurement plate 11, and a first protrusion and a second protrusion are arranged on the other end of the support bar 4 on the side close to the connection and rotation assembly 3;

[0072] The first protrusions of the support bars 4 on two adjacent main measurement plates 11 among the four main measurement plates 11 extend into the third arc-shaped guide groove 321 and slide in the third arc-shaped guide groove 321. At the same time, the second protrusions extend into the fourth arc-shaped guide groove 322 and slide in the fourth arc-shaped guide groove 322;

[0073] The first protrusions of the support bars 4 on the other two adjacent main measurement plates 11 among the four main measurement plates 11 extend into the fifth arc-shaped guide groove and slide in the fifth arc-shaped guide groove. At the same time, the second protrusions extend into the sixth arc-shaped guide groove and slide in the sixth arc-shaped guide groove.

[0074] In the present invention, through the above settings, on the premise that the rotating outer pivot and the rotating inner pivot can rotate relative to the connecting plate, the main measurement plate can also rotate relative to the rotating outer pivot and the rotating inner pivot. The movement form of the main measurement plate is more diverse, and various different angles can be simulated.

[0075] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the corresponding central angles of the third arc-shaped guide groove 321, the fourth arc-shaped guide groove 322, the fifth arc-shaped guide groove, and the sixth arc-shaped guide groove are 120°.

[0076] Please refer to Appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 5 Appendix Figure 8 Appendix Figure 9, in a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, a third stop pin hole 323 is further provided on the outer rotating pivot 32. A plurality of the third stop pin holes 323 are provided, and the center of the arc corresponding to the centers of the plurality of third stop pin holes 323 coincides with the center of the outer rotating pivot 32; the distance from the center of the arc where the centers of the plurality of third stop pin holes 323 are located to the center of the outer rotating pivot 32 is greater than the distance from the fourth arc-shaped guide groove 322 to the center of the outer rotating pivot 32, and less than the distance from the third arc-shaped guide groove 321 to the center of the outer rotating pivot 32; the rod diameter of the third pin is matched with the aperture of the third stop pin hole 323, and the provided third pin is inserted into the third stop pin hole 323 to prevent the first protrusion from sliding in the third arc-shaped guide groove 321 and prevent the second protrusion from sliding in the fourth arc-shaped guide groove 322;

[0077] A fourth stop pin hole 331 is further provided on the inner rotating pivot 33. A plurality of the fourth stop pin holes 331 are provided, and the center of the arc corresponding to the centers of the plurality of fourth stop pin holes 331 coincides with the center of the inner rotating pivot 33; the distance from the center of the arc where the centers of the plurality of third stop pin holes 323 are located to the center of the inner rotating pivot 33 is greater than the distance from the sixth arc-shaped guide groove to the center of the outer rotating pivot 32, and less than the distance from the fifth arc-shaped guide groove to the center of the outer rotating pivot 32; the rod diameter of the fourth pin is matched with the aperture of the fourth stop pin hole 331, and the fourth pin is inserted into the fourth stop pin hole 331 to prevent the first protrusion from sliding in the fifth arc-shaped guide groove and prevent the second protrusion from sliding in the sixth arc-shaped guide groove.

[0078] In the present invention, by providing the third pin, the third stop pin hole, the fourth pin, and the fourth stop pin hole, the (main measuring plate rotating relative to the outer rotating pivot and the main measuring plate rotating relative to the inner rotating pivot) is adjusted to the corresponding position for position limitation.

[0079] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the pins (the first pin, the second pin, the third pin, and the fourth pin) are L-shaped structural members or T-shaped structural members;

[0080] The pins are inserted into the corresponding stop pin holes (the first stop pin hole, the second stop pin hole, the third stop pin hole, and the fourth stop pin hole); the outer edge of the pin that is not inserted into the stop pin hole (for the L-shaped structural member is the single-sided outer edge, and for the T-shaped structural member is the single-sided or double-sided outer edge) blocks the movement of the corresponding component.

[0081] Please refer to Appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 5 and Appendix Figure 9, in a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the rotating outer pivot 32 includes a first outer pivot plate 324 and a second outer pivot plate 325 that are symmetrically centered on the connecting plate 31. The third arc-shaped guide groove 321 and the fourth arc-shaped guide groove 322 are both provided on the first outer pivot plate 324 and the second outer pivot plate 325; the first outer pivot plate 324 and the second outer pivot plate 325 are connected by a first connecting portion 326 and a second connecting portion 327. The first connecting portion 326 is provided on one side of the first outer pivot plate 324 and the second outer pivot plate 325 close to the connecting plate 31, and the second connecting portion 327 is provided on one side of the first outer pivot plate 324 and the second outer pivot plate 325 away from the connecting plate 31; the first connecting portion 326 includes the first extending protrusion, the first extending protrusion is a connecting shaft, and the first extending protrusion is provided in the first arc-shaped guide groove 311;

[0082] The rotating inner pivot 33 includes a first inner pivot plate 332 and a second inner pivot plate 333 that are symmetrically centered on the connecting plate 31. The fifth arc-shaped guide groove and the sixth arc-shaped guide groove are both provided on the first inner pivot plate 332 and the second inner pivot plate 333; the first inner pivot plate 332 and the second inner pivot plate 333 are connected by a third connecting portion 334 and a fourth connecting portion 335. The third connecting portion 334 is provided on one side of the first inner pivot plate 332 and the second inner pivot plate 333 close to the connecting plate 31, and the fourth connecting portion 335 is provided on one side of the first inner pivot plate 332 and the second inner pivot plate 333 away from the connecting plate 31; the third connecting portion 334 includes the second extending protrusion, the second extending protrusion is a connecting shaft, and the second extending protrusion is provided in the second arc-shaped guide groove 312.

[0083] In the present invention, by providing the first outer pivot plate and the second outer pivot plate (the first inner pivot plate and the second inner pivot plate) that are bilaterally matched, the assembly can achieve component assembly, which is convenient for replacement and adjustment.

[0084] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the third arc-shaped guide grooves 321 on the first outer pivot plate 324 and the second outer pivot plate 325 are not connected, and the fourth arc-shaped guide grooves 322 on the first outer pivot plate 324 and the second outer pivot plate 325 are not connected;

[0085] The fifth arc-shaped guide grooves on the first inner pivot plate 332 and the second inner pivot plate 333 are not connected, and the sixth arc-shaped guide grooves on the first inner pivot plate 332 and the second inner pivot plate 333 are not connected.

[0086] Specifically, in the main measurement device of the forest fire reduced-scale combustion test system provided by the present application, the outer rotating pivot and the inner rotating pivot can both rotate independently relative to the connecting plate (the inner rotating pivot rotates circumferentially along the connecting plate), the main measurement plate connected to the outer rotating pivot can rotate relative to the outer rotating pivot (the main measurement plate rotates circumferentially along the outer rotating pivot), and the main measurement plate connected to the inner rotating pivot can rotate relative to the inner rotating pivot (the main measurement plate rotates circumferentially along the inner rotating pivot).

[0087] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the data collection and display device includes:

[0088] A camera assembly for photographing the combustion state of the forest combustible sample;

[0089] Thermocouples are arranged on the main measurement plate 11 to record the temperature change before and after in the hood cavity; there are multiple thermocouples, and the multiple thermocouples are arranged in a rectangular array on the main measurement plate 11. Along the length direction or the width direction of the main measurement plate 11, the distance between two adjacent thermocouples is 10 cm;

[0090] A weighing assembly is arranged on the side opposite to the supporting surface of the main measurement plate 11 (when the main measurement plate is in a flat state, the side facing close to the base surface);

[0091] A hygrometer is arranged in the hood cavity to record the humidity change before and after in the hood cavity (during the combustion of the forest combustible sample);

[0092] A display assembly for displaying the flame synchronous simulation image and / or the data information of the flue gas discharged through the smoke exhaust port.

[0093] In the present invention, by setting the data collection and display device, the parameter changes during the combustion process of the forest combustible sample are accurately detected, recorded, and displayed, which is convenient for monitoring the combustion process.

[0094] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, a heat radiometer is also provided, and both the heat radiometer and the thermocouples are arranged in the main measurement plate 11.

[0095] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the environmental control device includes an air outlet fan (blower) arranged two meters away from the main measurement plate 11. The air outlet fan has an air outlet with a size of 20 meters in length and 0.5 meters in width, and the wind speed provided by it can vary within a range of 0 - 20 m / s without change.

[0096] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the air outlet of the air outlet fan and the camera assembly are oppositely arranged on opposite sides of the main measurement plate.

[0097] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the camera assembly records the entire combustion process of the forest fuel sample and synchronously uploads it to the data processing center (the data processing center processes the acquired data), and performs simulation display on the display component;

[0098] The digital twin technology is used to achieve three-dimensional presentation of the forest fire spread. Through real-time testing and various parameter indicators obtained, multiple data indicators are calculated through (the images and their information of the simulation display) and image backtracking is supported;

[0099] The multiple data indicators include: fire line length, fire field area, spread speed, heat energy change, flame height and flame shape, smoke production data (smoke production rate, smoke types, smoke concentration), etc.

[0100] The data processing center is used to receive and / or process the image information captured by the camera assembly, and / or the temperature information detected by the thermocouple, and / or the weight information detected by the weighing assembly, and / or the humidity information detected by the hygrometer, and / or the smoke production data detected by the meteorological mass spectrometry chromatograph;

[0101] The data processing center sends the received or received and processed data information to the display component.

[0102] For the measurement of the fire line length, because its burning length is irregular, after its image is synchronized to the computer, a wire rod ruler is used for measurement to present the real-time length of the fire line.

[0103] Please refer to the appendix Figure 11 , in a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, for the calculation of the fire field area, the area is divided into a grid structure along the length direction and width direction of the main measuring plate 11. Each unit grid in which the fire field occupies more than or equal to half of the unit grid area is recorded as 1 (a cell that is completely occupied is also recorded as 1), and a grid that occupies less than half of the unit grid area is recorded as 0 (ignored);

[0104] The set of unit grids recorded as 1 in each main measuring plate 11 is the occupied area S (S1, S2, S3, S4) within the main measuring plate 11;

[0105] The fire field area is obtained by V surface = S1cosθ1 + S2cosθ2 + S3cosθ3 + S4cosθ4;

[0106] Among them, S1, S2, S3, S4 respectively represent the areas of the four main measuring plates 11; θ1, θ2, θ3, θ4 are the angles between the main measuring plates 11 and the horizontal plane.

[0107] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, (one of the main measurement plates) divides the area into a grid structure along the length direction of the main measurement plate 11 (the main measurement plate is divided into 8 parts in the X direction) and the width direction (the main measurement plate is divided into 7 parts in the Y direction), a total of 56 cells are divided. (X, (X + 1); Y, (Y + 1)) represents each corresponding cell, where 0 ≤ X ≤ 8 and 0 ≤ Y ≤ 7. For example Figure 11 the cell at the upper left corner is represented as (0, 1; 7, 8);

[0108] Among them, for the cells that are not full, the grids where the fire field occupancy is greater than or equal to half of the unit grid area are (0, 1; 2, 3), (0, 1; 3, 4), (0, 1; 4, 5), (1, 2; 5, 6), (2, 3; 0, 1), (2, 3; 5, 6), (3, 4; 0, 1), (3, 4; 6, 7), (4, 5; 0, 1), (4, 5; 6, 7), (5, 6; 0, 1), (7, 8; 2, 3) and (7, 8; 3, 4), and they are all recorded as 1;

[0109] The occupied area S is the cells that are half - filled or more (including full cells), and there are 42 such cells.

[0110] The judgment basis for whether a cell is half - filled is to further divide the grid within a single cell. For example, the single cell is further divided into 8x7 sub - cells; if 28 or more sub - cells are filled, it is considered that the cell is half - filled or more.

[0111] For the calculation of the spread speed, the spread speed includes the downwind speed and the upwind speed;

[0112] The downwind speed is equal to the distance of the fire head position divided by the time, that is, S1 / t;

[0113] The upwind speed is equal to the distance of the fire tail position divided by the time, that is, S2 / t.

[0114] For the calculation of the thermal energy, the thermocouple shows the heat changes at different positions.

[0115] For the flame height and flame shape, the camera assembly takes pictures and records the flame shape, and measures the flame height, which is synchronized to the display assembly for display;

[0116] For the smoke production data, the smoke exhaust port of the cover body is connected to a gas chromatograph - mass spectrometer. The gas chromatograph - mass spectrometer analyzes the types, concentrations, etc. of the produced smoke and presents them in real - time on the display interface of the display assembly.

[0117] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and there is no limitation to the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art of this patent can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes by using the technical content prompted above within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. The implementation schemes in the above embodiments can also be further combined or replaced. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical content of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention's solution.

Claims

1. A forest fire scale combustion test system, characterized in that: include: A main measuring device, on which a forest combustible sample is supported; The main testing device is provided with an ignition device for igniting the forest combustible sample; A cover body, wherein the cover body is arranged outside the main measuring device; a smoke exhaust port is arranged on the periphery of the cover body, and the cover cavity inside the cover body is a negative pressure chamber, and smoke generated by the combustion of the forest combustible sample on the main measuring device is discharged from the cover cavity through the smoke exhaust port; An environmental control device, the environmental control device is used to control the wind speed conditions in the hood cavity; The data collection and display device is used to collect and record the temperature and humidity changes in the hood cavity, and to display the flame synchronization simulation image and / or the data information of the smoke exhausted through the smoke exhaust port.

2. A forest fire scale combustion test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main measuring device comprises: a main measuring plate, which is a rectangular plate-shaped structural member; There are four main measuring plates, which are arranged in a rectangular array, and any two adjacent main measuring plates among the four main measuring plates can rotate relative to each other; The ignition device is arranged on the supporting surface of the main measuring plate; the ignition device is arranged at the center position of the supporting surface of the main measuring plate.

3. A forest fire scale combustion test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main measuring device further comprises: a support column, which is a columnar structural member having an adjustable length and playing a supporting role; A chassis is provided on the side of the pillar facing the base surface; along the axis direction of the pillar, the chassis is provided with a plurality of through holes penetrating the pillar and arranged along the circumference of the chassis; The support column is fixed on the base surface by inserting the provided bolts into the through holes.

4. A forest fire scale combustion test system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main measuring device further comprises: a connecting and rotating assembly, one end of which is connected to an end of the support away from the base surface, and the other end of which is connected to a plurality of the main measuring plates; The connecting and rotating assembly comprises: A connecting plate, wherein the connecting plate comprises a first connecting plate whose main body is a fan-shaped plate member and a second connecting plate whose main body is a square plate, one end of the second connecting plate is connected to the end of the pillar away from the base surface, and the other end of the second connecting plate is provided with an arc-shaped avoidance groove, and the arc edge of the first connecting plate is connected to the groove wall of the avoidance groove of the second connecting plate; the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are integrally arranged; the first connecting plate is provided with a first arc-shaped guide groove and a second arc-shaped guide groove both along its own circumference, and the distance between the first arc-shaped guide groove and the center of the circle of the first connecting plate is greater than the distance between the second arc-shaped guide groove and the center of the circle of the first connecting plate; A rotating outer pivot, the rotating outer pivot is a circular plate-shaped structural member; the axis of the rotating outer pivot is perpendicular to the axis of the first connecting plate of the connecting plate; a first extending protrusion is provided on a side of the rotating outer pivot close to the connecting plate, and the first extending protrusion extends into the first arc-shaped guide groove; The rotating inner pivot is a disc-shaped plate-like structural member, the outer diameter of the rotating inner pivot is smaller than the inner diameter of the rotating outer pivot; the axis of the rotating inner pivot coincides with the axis of the rotating outer pivot, and the axis of the rotating inner pivot is perpendicular to the axis of the first connecting plate of the connecting plate; a second extending protrusion is provided on one side of the rotating inner pivot close to the connecting plate, and the second extending protrusion extends into the second arc guide groove.

5. A forest fire scale combustion test system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first connecting plate is provided with a first stop pin hole and a second stop pin hole; There are multiple first stop pin holes, and the center of the arc line where the centers of the multiple first stop pin holes are located coincides with the center of the first arc guide groove; the distance between the arc line where the centers of the multiple first stop pin holes are located and the center of the first connecting plate is greater than the distance between the second arc guide groove and the center of the first connecting plate, and is less than the distance between the first arc guide groove and the center of the first connecting plate; a first latch is inserted into the first stop pin hole to prevent the rotating outer pivot from moving along the first arc guide groove; There are multiple second stop pin holes, and the center of the arc where the centers of the multiple second stop pin holes are located coincides with the center of the arc where the multiple first stop pin holes are located; the distance between the arc where the centers of the multiple second stop pin holes are located and the center of the first connecting plate is smaller than the distance between the second arc guide groove and the center of the first connecting plate; a second latch is inserted into the second stop pin hole to prevent the rotating inner pivot from moving along the second arc guide groove.

6. A forest fire scale combustion test system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating outer pivot is provided with a third arc guide groove and a fourth arc guide groove, both of which are arranged along the circumference of the rotating outer pivot, and the distance between the third arc guide groove and the center of the rotating outer pivot is greater than the distance between the fourth arc guide groove and the center of the rotating outer pivot; The rotating inner pivot is provided with a fifth arc guide groove and a sixth arc guide groove, both of which are arranged along the circumference of the inner pivot, and the distance between the fifth arc guide groove and the center of the rotating outer pivot is greater than the distance between the sixth arc guide groove and the center of the rotating outer pivot; The main measuring device further comprises: a support bar, the support bar being arranged on a side of the main measuring plate close to the connecting and rotating assembly; one end of the support bar is connected to the main measuring plate, and the other end of the support bar close to the connecting and rotating assembly is provided with a first protrusion and a second protrusion; The first protrusions of the support bars on two adjacent main measuring plates among the four main measuring plates extend into the third arc-shaped guide groove and slide in the third arc-shaped guide groove, and the second protrusions extend into the fourth arc-shaped guide groove and slide in the fourth arc-shaped guide groove; The first protrusions of the support bars of the other two adjacent main measuring plates among the four main measuring plates extend into the fifth arc-shaped guide groove and slide in the fifth arc-shaped guide groove, while the second protrusions extend into the sixth arc-shaped guide groove and slide in the sixth arc-shaped guide groove.

7. A forest fire scale combustion test system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third stop pin hole is also provided on the rotating outer pivot, and a plurality of the third stop pin holes are provided, and the center of the arc line where the centers of the plurality of third stop pin holes are located coincides with the center of the rotating outer pivot; the distance between the arc line where the centers of the plurality of third stop pin holes are located and the center of the rotating outer pivot is greater than the distance between the fourth arc guide groove and the center of the rotating outer pivot, and is less than the distance between the third arc guide groove and the center of the rotating outer pivot; a third latch is provided to be inserted into the third stop pin hole to prevent the first protrusion from sliding in the third arc guide groove and to prevent the second protrusion from sliding in the fourth arc guide groove; A fourth stop pin hole is also provided on the rotating inner pivot, and there are multiple fourth stop pin holes, and the center of the arc where the center of the multiple fourth stop pin holes is located coincides with the center of the rotating inner pivot; the distance between the arc where the center of the multiple third stop pin holes is located and the center of the rotating inner pivot is greater than the distance between the sixth arc guide groove and the center of the rotating outer pivot, and is less than the distance between the fifth arc guide groove and the center of the rotating outer pivot; the fourth pin is inserted into the fourth stop pin hole to prevent the first protrusion from sliding in the fifth arc guide groove and to prevent the second protrusion from sliding in the sixth arc guide groove.

8. A forest fire scale combustion test system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The rotating outer pivot comprises a first outer pivot plate and a second outer pivot plate which are arranged as symmetrical centers about the connecting plate, and the first outer pivot plate and the second outer pivot plate are both provided with the third arc guide groove and the fourth arc guide groove; the first outer pivot plate and the second outer pivot plate are connected by a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion is arranged on a side of the first outer pivot plate and the second outer pivot plate close to the connecting plate, and the second connecting portion is arranged on a side of the first outer pivot plate and the second outer pivot plate away from the connecting plate; the first connecting portion comprises the first extending protrusion, the first extending protrusion is a connecting shaft, and the first extending protrusion is arranged in the first arc guide groove; The rotating inner pivot includes a first inner pivot plate and a second inner pivot plate which are symmetrically arranged about the connecting plate, and the first inner pivot plate and the second inner pivot plate are both provided with the fifth arc guide groove and the sixth arc guide groove; the first inner pivot plate and the second inner pivot plate are connected by a third connecting part and a fourth connecting part, and the third connecting part is arranged on a side of the first inner pivot plate and the second inner pivot plate close to the connecting plate, and the fourth connecting part is arranged on a side of the first inner pivot plate and the second inner pivot plate away from the connecting plate; the third connecting part includes the second extension protrusion, the second extension protrusion is a connecting shaft, and the second extension protrusion is arranged in the second arc guide groove.

9. A forest fire scale combustion test system according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The data collection and display device comprises: A camera assembly, the camera assembly is used to photograph the burning state of the forest combustible sample; A thermocouple, wherein the thermocouple is arranged on the main measuring plate; A weighing assembly, the weighing assembly being arranged on a side opposite to the supporting surface of the main measuring plate; A hygrometer, the hygrometer being arranged in the cover cavity; A display component is used to display a flame synchronization simulation image and / or data information of the smoke exhausted through the smoke exhaust port.

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