Method for discriminating coincidence evolution of recoil-strike-slip composite fracture system and related product

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for discriminating coincidence evolution of a recoil-strike-slip composite fracture system and a related product, and relates to the technical field of geological structures and oil exploration, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a seismic data volume; carrying out fault interpretation and stratum interpretation on the seismic data volume by combining a geologic model and a three-dimensional visualization method; a tectonic seismic section perpendicular to the strike-slip-recoil composite tectonic zone strike direction is selected according to the interpretation result; reading a strike-slip fault zone multi-layer vertical fault displacement in the tectonic seismic section, and drawing a fault displacement-distance curve graph; and according to the fault displacement-distance curve graph, establishing a fault sectional growth and recoil-strike-slip fracture system evolution model. According to the method, on the basis of the three-dimensional seismic data fine analysis result, the strike-slip fault zone vertical fault displacement is read, the fault displacement-distance curve graph is drawn, the fault sectional growth and recoil-strike-slip fault system evolution model is established, and the technical problem of how to quantitatively characterize growth evolution of the recoil-strike-slip composite structure system is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical fields of geological structures and oil exploration, and particularly relates to a method for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust-strike slip composite fault systems and related products. Background Art

[0002] Thrust-strike slip composite structural systems are widely developed in the secondary structural belts of petroliferous basins, such as the Zitong area and Micangshan structural belt in the Sichuan Basin, the Yubei-Luoxi area in the Tarim Basin, the Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault zone in the Bohai Bay Basin, the Liupanshui fault zone in the Ordos Basin, and so on. Under a complex geological background, multi-stage stress actions result in the development of fractures within the thrust-strike slip composite structural system. Not only are fluid minerals such as petroleum, natural gas, and helium enriched, but also solid minerals such as iron and copper are prone to enrichment under the action of fluid transformation.

[0003] Compressive structures are one of the basic types of crustal tectonic deformations. Under a compressive background, fold belts are common products of compressive structures, and thrust fault-related folds developed within fold belts are the main sites for the formation of hydrocarbon traps, such as the Zagros fold belt in Iran. Strike-slip faults represented by the San Andreas fault, North Anatolian fault, Tanlu fault, etc. also show important influences on aspects such as the "storage, transportation, and accumulation" of oil and gas or the occurrence of seismic disasters. When the strata are subjected to compressive stress to cause thrust nappe displacement, large strike-slip displacements are also generated due to the compressive shear stress caused by asymmetric horizontal compression. The superposition and coupling of the thrust nappe displacement and strike-slip displacement of geological structures form thrust-strike slip faults. Due to the strong heterogeneity of stress-strain and formation competence during horizontal compression and compressive shear processes, large differences in thrust nappe displacement and strike-slip displacement in the coupled space-time domain are caused, enhancing the complexity of the thrust-strike slip fault system.

[0004] The strata within the thrust-strike slip fault system are fragmented, the fault system is complex, and the logging and seismic responses are chaotic. It is difficult to identify, combine, characterize, and model faults. Currently, researchers at home and abroad have carried out research on the characterization of thrust-strike slip fault systems from multiple angles through methods such as drilling identification, logging identification, seismic attribute identification, artificial intelligence identification, and image processing identification, in order to be able to depict the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the fault zone and conduct research on the evolution of the fault zone, and have made many positive progress. From a kinematic perspective, the formation of thrust-strike slip fault systems includes various situations, such as thrust first and then strike-slip, strike-slip first and then thrust, or thrust-strike slip developing simultaneously. Current research mainly focuses on the geometric description of thrust-strike slip fault systems formed by thrust first and then strike-slip, that is, only identifying faults and combining faults, and does not involve too much quantitative characterization of the evolution of the fault zone, and the tectonic deformation evolution pattern under the compound conditions of thrust-strike slip action is not clear enough. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The objective of this application is to provide a method and related products for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust-strike-slip composite fault systems, which can clearly describe the tectonic deformation evolution pattern under the condition of the combination of thrust and strike-slip actions.

[0006] To achieve the above objective, this application provides the following solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, this application provides a method for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust-strike-slip composite fault systems. The method for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust-strike-slip composite fault systems includes:

[0008] Obtain a seismic data volume;

[0009] Combine a geological model and three-dimensional visualization method to perform fault interpretation and stratigraphic interpretation on the seismic data volume, and obtain fault interpretation data and stratigraphic interpretation data;

[0010] According to the fault interpretation data and the stratigraphic interpretation data, select a tectonic seismic profile perpendicular to the strike direction of the strike-slip-thrust composite tectonic zone;

[0011] Read the vertical offsets of multiple layers of the strike-slip fault zone in the tectonic seismic profile, and draw an offset-distance curve graph;

[0012] Establish a fault segmentation growth and thrust-strike-slip fault system evolution model according to the offset-distance curve graph.

[0013] Optionally, combining a geological model and three-dimensional visualization method to perform fault interpretation and stratigraphic interpretation on the seismic data volume, and obtaining fault interpretation data and stratigraphic interpretation data specifically includes:

[0014] Use a multi-attribute fusion method to identify secondary faults of the strike-slip fault zone based on the seismic data volume;

[0015] Fuse the attribute data in the seismic data volume that can identify secondary faults into a seismic attribute volume;

[0016] At the position of the strike-slip-thrust composite tectonic system, slice the seismic attribute volume at a preset time interval to obtain seismic attribute volume slices;

[0017] Use the fault plane mode of the software to interpret faults on the seismic attribute volume slices along the fault strike direction to obtain fault interpretation data;

[0018] Use the fault plane mode of the software to interpret faults whose plane strike of the seismic profile is perpendicular to the fault plane strike according to the projection data of the fault interpretation data to obtain stratigraphic interpretation data.

[0019] Optionally, for the software-based fault plane mode, faults are interpreted along the fault strike direction on the seismic attribute volume slice to obtain fault interpretation data, specifically including:

[0020] Using the software-based fault plane mode, the relationship between the fault plane morphology and the fault combination is generated in real time in the 3D view of the seismic attribute volume slice;

[0021] When the fault plane is not smooth, the non-smooth fault plane is reinterpreted as a smooth fault plane to obtain fault interpretation data.

[0022] Optionally, for the software-based fault plane mode, faults with a plane strike of the seismic profile perpendicular to the fault plane strike are interpreted based on the projection data of the fault interpretation data to obtain formation interpretation data, specifically including:

[0023] Using the software-based fault plane mode, the fault interpretation data is projected onto a plane to obtain projection data;

[0024] Based on the projection data, faults with a plane strike of the seismic profile perpendicular to the fault plane strike are interpreted to obtain interpretation data;

[0025] When the fault plane in the interpretation data is not smooth, the non-smooth fault plane is reinterpreted as a smooth fault plane to obtain formation interpretation data.

[0026] Optionally, combining a geological model and 3D visualization methods for fault interpretation and formation interpretation of the seismic data volume to obtain fault interpretation data and formation interpretation data, specifically including:

[0027] Performing noise suppression processing and structure-oriented filtering processing on the seismic data volume to obtain data highlighting fault boundary features;

[0028] Combining a geological model and 3D visualization methods for fault interpretation and formation interpretation of the data highlighting fault boundary features to obtain fault interpretation data and formation interpretation data.

[0029] Optionally, establishing a fault segmentation growth and thrust - strike - slip fault system evolution model based on the fault throw - distance curve, specifically including:

[0030] Identifying the minimum and maximum fault throw points in the fault throw - distance curve to obtain the first data;

[0031] Identifying the fault segmentation points in the fault throw - distance curve to obtain the second data;

[0032] Judging the formation and evolution stages of the thrust faults and strike - slip faults in the fault throw - distance curve to obtain the third data;

[0033] Establish a fault segmentation growth and thrust-strike-slip fault system evolution model based on the first data, the second data, and the third data.

[0034] Optionally, the total number of selected structural seismic profiles is less than or equal to the total number of traces in the seismic data volume.

[0035] In a second aspect, the present application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for discriminating the superimposed evolution of the thrust-strike-slip composite fault system described in any one of the above.

[0036] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for discriminating the superimposed evolution of the thrust-strike-slip composite fault system described in any one of the above.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for discriminating the superimposed evolution of the thrust-strike-slip composite fault system described in any one of the above.

[0038] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present application, the following technical effects are disclosed in the present application:

[0039] The present application provides a method and related products for discriminating the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system. The method includes: obtaining a seismic data volume; performing fault interpretation and stratigraphic interpretation on the seismic data volume by combining a geological model and a three-dimensional visualization method to obtain fault interpretation data and stratigraphic interpretation data; according to the fault interpretation data and the stratigraphic interpretation data, selecting a structural seismic profile perpendicular to the strike direction of the strike-slip-thrust composite structural belt; reading the vertical offsets of multiple layers of the strike-slip fault zone in the structural seismic profile and plotting an offset-distance curve; establishing a fault segmentation growth and thrust-strike-slip fault system evolution model based on the offset-distance curve. The present application is based on geological theory, reads the vertical offsets of the strike-slip fault zone and plots an offset-distance curve on the basis of the fine analysis results of three-dimensional seismic data, and simultaneously establishes a fault segmentation growth and thrust-strike-slip fault system evolution model. This method solves the technical problem of how to quantitatively characterize the growth and evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite structural system, and can clearly describe the structural deformation evolution pattern under the composite conditions of thrust-strike-slip action. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 Schematic flow chart of a method for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust - strike - slip composite fault systems provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the fault interpretation model for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust - strike - slip composite fault systems provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 Schematic diagram for comparing before and after processing of seismic attribute volumes for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust - strike - slip composite fault systems provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application; among them, Figure 3 (a) is before processing, Figure 3 (b) is after processing;

[0044] Figure 4 Seismic attribute slice map of multi - attribute fusion (filtering + coherence + ant body + variance) for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust - strike - slip composite fault systems provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the fault interpretation model for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust - strike - slip composite fault systems provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0046] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the fine seismic interpretation geological result map and the method for reading the throw of the strike - slip fault zone for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust - strike - slip composite fault systems provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0047] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three - dimensional visualization of the thrust - strike - slip composite tectonic system in the fine seismic interpretation for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust - strike - slip composite fault systems provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0048] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the throw - distance curve for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust - strike - slip composite fault systems provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0049] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0051] The evolution of the fault zone controls the formation and evolution of hydrocarbon traps, the formation of conduits, etc. Therefore, clarifying the tectonic evolution under the compound conditions of "thrust - strike - slip" not only has important scientific research value, but also has important guiding significance for predicting the tectonic background of hydrocarbon accumulation. Based on sandbox physical simulation experiments, traditional geological models, etc., and using the analysis results of high - precision 3D seismic data, this application statistically analyzes the tectonic background of the study area and the geometric and kinematic parameters of the target fault zone, and clarifies the key parameters for identifying the evolution of the thrust - strike - slip fault system.

[0052] This application provides a method for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust - strike - slip composite fault systems. Based on sandbox physical simulation experiments, traditional geological models, etc., and using the analysis results of high - precision 3D seismic data, this application statistically analyzes the tectonic background of the study area and the geometric and kinematic parameters of the target fault zone, clarifies the key parameters for identifying the evolution of the thrust - strike - slip fault system, and thus quantitatively identifies the evolution of the thrust - strike - slip composite fault system.

[0053] To make the above - mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0054] Embodiment 1:

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a method for discriminating the superimposed evolution of thrust - strike - slip composite fault systems is provided, including the following steps S1 to S5. Among them:

[0056] S1. Obtain a seismic data volume.

[0057] S2. Combine a geological model and 3D visualization methods to perform fault interpretation and stratigraphic interpretation on the seismic data volume, and obtain fault interpretation data and stratigraphic interpretation data.

[0058] Among them, first perform noise suppression processing and structure - oriented filtering processing on the seismic data volume to obtain data highlighting fault boundary features; then combine a geological model and 3D visualization methods to perform fault interpretation and stratigraphic interpretation on the data highlighting fault boundary features, and obtain fault interpretation data and stratigraphic interpretation data.

[0059] This step can be understood as fine seismic interpretation. Based on the interpretive processing of seismic data volumes, combined with geological models, etc., integrating plane and profile interpretations and using 3D visualization technology, high-quality fault interpretation and stratigraphic interpretation are completed; the interpretive processing of seismic data includes noise suppression, structure-oriented filtering, etc., aiming to improve the resolution of seismic data volumes. Resolution is defined as the ability to distinguish two adjacent objects. In seismic exploration, resolution is divided into vertical resolution and horizontal resolution. Vertical resolution refers to the thinnest stratigraphic thickness that can be resolved, while horizontal resolution refers to the minimum width of geological bodies that can be identified.

[0060] In this embodiment, noise suppression and structure-oriented filtering processing are performed on the seismic data volume. The planar slip amount of some strike-slip faults is small, and the section throw is small, making it impossible to effectively identify them in seismic volume slices. It is very necessary to improve the quality of seismic data for effective fracture identification. During actual seismic data acquisition, effective seismic information is generally mixed with complex noise interference, which greatly hinders subsequent seismic data processing and underground structure inversion. Through steps such as noise suppression and structure-oriented filtering processing using software such as SMI, the seismic data can retain edge details and remove noise, so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data, enhance the coherence and continuity of seismic reflection event axes, and highlight the fault boundary characteristics.

[0061] Specifically: Combining geological models and 3D visualization methods to perform fault interpretation and stratigraphic interpretation on the seismic data volume, obtaining fault interpretation data and stratigraphic interpretation data, including:

[0062] Using the multi-attribute fusion method to identify secondary faults of the strike-slip fault zone based on the seismic data volume.

[0063] Fusing the attribute data in the seismic data volume that can identify secondary faults into a seismic attribute volume.

[0064] At the position of the thrust-strike-slip composite tectonic system, slicing the seismic attribute volume at a preset time interval to obtain seismic attribute volume slices.

[0065] Using the fault plane mode of the software to interpret faults along the fault strike direction on the seismic attribute volume slices to obtain fault interpretation data.

[0066] Using the fault plane mode of the software to interpret faults perpendicular to the fault plane strike in the plane strike of the seismic profile based on the projection data of the fault interpretation data to obtain stratigraphic interpretation data.

[0067] Among them, the step of using the fault plane mode of the software to interpret faults along the fault strike direction on the seismic attribute volume slices to obtain fault interpretation data specifically includes:

[0068] Using the fault plane mode of the software, generate the relationship between the fault plane morphology and the fracture combination in real time in the three-dimensional view of the seismic attribute volume slice; when the fault plane is not smooth, reinterpret the non-smooth fault plane as a smooth fault plane to obtain fault interpretation data.

[0069] Using the fault plane mode of the software, interpret the fractures whose plane strike of the seismic profile is perpendicular to the fracture plane strike according to the projection data of the fault interpretation data to obtain formation interpretation data, specifically including:

[0070] Using the fault plane mode of the software, project the fault interpretation data onto a plane to obtain projection data; interpret the fractures whose plane strike of the seismic profile is perpendicular to the fracture plane strike according to the projection data to obtain interpretation data; when the fault plane in the interpretation data is not smooth, reinterpret the non-smooth fault plane as a smooth fault plane to obtain formation interpretation data.

[0071] As a specific implementation manner, in this embodiment, multi-attribute fusion is used to identify secondary faults in the strike-slip fault zone. Any geological body underground will cause changes in seismic attributes, and seismic attributes reflect the geological characteristics underground from one or several aspects. For example, the coherence attribute reflects the fracture distribution at a larger scale, the curvature attribute contains more fracture information at a smaller scale, the variance attribute reflects the difference between the central trace and the surrounding traces and emphasizes the irrelevance of seismic data, and the amplitude attribute has a strong correlation with reservoir quality. Compare the fault characteristics of multiple such attribute volumes, and preferably combine the attributes; perform feature fusion processing on the combined attributes and perform data preprocessing to obtain a seismic attribute volume.

[0072] Based on the obtained seismic attribute volume above, navigate to the vicinity of the thrust-strike slip composite tectonic system and slice the attribute data volume at a certain time (depth) interval to obtain a seismic attribute volume slice.

[0073] On the premise of clarifying the geological background of the study area, combined with sandbox physical simulation experiments, traditional strike-slip fault models, etc., combine plane and profile and use three-dimensional visualization technology to complete fault interpretation and improve formation interpretation with high quality, specifically including:

[0074] ① Based on the seismic attribute volume slice, after turning on the fault plane mode (turn on after inputting the seismic attribute volume slice into the software), interpret the faults on the slice along the fracture strike direction, and the three-dimensional view (please refer to Figure 2, after inputting the seismic attribute volume slices into the SMI software and enabling the 3D view mode, the morphological relationship between the fault plane and the fracture combination is generated in real time. (In this embodiment, this relationship can be seen. For example, when opening the Chinese map with Google Maps, it can be found that the Chinese map is in the shape of a rooster, and this rooster shape is similar to the combination relationship of faults (fault planes). The combination relationships of faults include en echelon, dendritic, flower-shaped, etc.). During the interpretation of multiple time (depth) slices, check whether there are any abnormalities in the fault plane (to obtain the position of the fault plane, just open the software and place the mouse on the position of the fault plane) and whether the fault plane is smooth (in this embodiment, the method of visual observation can be selected) to determine whether the fault interpretation is reasonable. If there are abnormalities or the fault plane is not smooth, it is necessary to re-interpret the fracture or interpret it with a new fault (here, the non-smooth part can be re-interpreted as smooth).

[0075] ② Enabling the fault plane mode can display the fracture position projection on the seismic section (the projection is the projection of the fault plane. The fault plane explained above is a three-dimensional structure, and it is projected onto a plane). On the post-stack seismic section (the seismic data in this embodiment are all post-stack seismic data, and the seismic attributes are also processed based on the post-stack seismic data. The seismic data are three-dimensional and can be sliced along the horizontal direction, i.e., seismic slices; can be sliced along horizons, i.e., horizon slices; or can be sliced vertically, i.e., seismic section, which can also be called post-stack seismic section, etc.). First, interpret the fractures perpendicular to the fracture plane trend on the seismic section, and at the same time, combine with the 3D window to visually check whether there are abnormal interpretations on the fault plane and whether the fault plane is smooth to determine whether the fault interpretation is reasonable. If there are abnormalities or the fault plane is not smooth on the fault plane, it is necessary to correct (the correction in this embodiment can be to correct the non-smooth part to be smooth) the fault interpretation results on the section or the seismic attribute slices, or interpret it with a new fault. For complex fracture areas, denser interpretation can be carried out (i.e., interpret by increasing the density).

[0076] ③ Repeat the above steps ① and ② until the fault plane is smooth.

[0077] ④ The abnormal or non-smooth parts of the fault plane may be due to phenomena such as segmented growth of faults caused by multi-stage stress fields. At the same time, some fracture combination results may not conform to the strike-slip fault model. It is necessary to combine the strike-slip fault model for plane and profile combination of the fault plane; fault combination refers to the spatial overlapping relationship between two or more faults. By adjusting the positions of single or multiple faults, the spatial overlapping relationship between this fault and another fault can be changed, and there are many combination effects. The purpose of fault combination is to make the fault interpretation results more reasonable, more in line with the basic geological model, and in line with the actual situation in nature. It does not mean that the smooth interpretation is correct and the abnormal interpretation is necessarily wrong.

[0078] ⑤ After the fine fracture interpretation, interpret or correct the strata near the fracture zone (the correction here is to activate the target strata and modify them to make the strata reasonably connected to the fault), so that the results of seismic-strata-fault-logging are suitable, and complete the spatial closure of the fault-strata.

[0079] S3. According to the fault interpretation data and the strata interpretation data, select a tectonic seismic profile perpendicular to the strike direction of the strike-slip-thrust composite tectonic zone.

[0080] In this embodiment, preferably select the three-dimensional seismic profile of the typical composite structure, and select several typical tectonic seismic profiles perpendicular to the strike direction of the strike-slip-thrust composite tectonic zone. Preferably select several three-dimensional seismic profiles of typical strike-slip, thrust or strike-slip-thrust composite structures, and the profile position is perpendicular to the plane strike of the fracture zone. The number of profiles depends on the length of the fracture zone. Generally, there are no less than 1 sampling point per kilometer, and it can be appropriately densified in the tectonically complex area or the fracture plane overlapping area. The total number of readings is less than or equal to the total number of traces of the seismic data volume.

[0081] S4. Read the vertical offsets of multiple strata of the strike-slip fracture zone in the tectonic seismic profile and draw a curve graph of offset-distance.

[0082] For the reading of the vertical offset, read the vertical offsets of multiple strata of the strike-slip fracture zone in the thrust-strike-slip composite fracture system and draw a curve graph of offset-distance.

[0083] The offset refers to the relative distance (unit: ms or m) between the corresponding strata on both sides of the faulted strata in the vertical direction, which reflects the activity intensity of the fracture. The strike-slip fracture zone shows the main displacement zone (PDZ) and the associated structures around the PDZ. Among them, the R (Riedel) fracture is an inevitable product in the formation and evolution process of the strike-slip fault. Due to the relatively small displacement of the strike-slip fault, for a simple shear strike-slip fault, the profile shows a symmetric flower-like structure pattern under a single-stage stress field, and it can be defaulted that the offsets on both sides of the R fracture are equal; when the offsets of the R fractures on both sides are not equal, in some cases it represents the occurrence of multi-stage evolutionary activities. The distance refers to the relative position of the profile in the work area, which is generally represented by Line and Trace in seismic exploration. In the curve graph of offset-distance, the distance is the y-axis and the offset is the x-axis.

[0084] Simply speaking, this step is to read the vertical offsets of multiple strata of the strike-slip fracture zone in the typical three-dimensional seismic profile, and make a curve graph of offset-distance after the reading is completed.

[0085] S5. Establish a fault segmentation growth and thrust-strike-slip fracture system evolution model according to the curve graph of offset-distance.

[0086] Specifically, it includes: identifying the minimum and maximum throw points in the throw-distance curve graph to obtain the first data; identifying the fault segmentation points in the throw-distance curve graph to obtain the second data; judging the formation and evolution stages of thrust faults and strike-slip faults in the throw-distance curve graph to obtain the third data; and establishing a fault segmentation growth and thrust-strike-slip fault system evolution model based on the first data, the second data, and the third data.

[0087] In this embodiment, the superimposed evolution of the thrust-strike-slip composite fault system is discriminated, including discriminating the formation periods of different types of faults in the composite structure, identifying the evolution characteristics and evolution history of the fault zone. Analyze the throw-distance curve graph, identify the minimum and maximum throw points, etc., discriminate the fault segmentation points, and analyze the formation and evolution stages of thrust faults and strike-slip faults. Finally, establish a fault segmentation growth and thrust-strike-slip fault system evolution model.

[0088] Based on geological theory, this embodiment takes the thrust-strike-slip composite structure system in the ZT area of the Sichuan Basin as the research object on the basis of the fine analysis results of 3D seismic data. Read the vertical throw of the strike-slip fault zone and draw the throw-distance curve graph. At the same time, combined with the geological structure background of the research area, establish a fault segmentation growth and thrust-strike-slip fault system evolution model. This method solves the technical problem of how to quantitatively characterize the growth and evolution of the thrust-strike-slip composite structure system, and provides a technical method for the quantitative formation and evolution, hydrocarbon transportation, and reservoir control and hydrocarbon accumulation of the thrust-strike-slip composite structure system.

[0089] Embodiment 2:

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, a method for discriminating the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system is provided. Taking the ZT area of the Sichuan Basin as the research area, the following is a detailed description:

[0091] A1. The ZT area is located in the middle section of the Western Sichuan Depression in the Western Sichuan Low-Steep Structural Belt, west of the Longmenshan Thrust Belt, adjacent to the Xinchang Structural Belt in the southeast, and adjacent to the Northern Sichuan Low-Gentle Structural Belt in the northeast. The fault strike directions in the study area show multiple groups, mainly northwest and northeast, and the fold strike is mainly near east-west. The structure in the area is gentle, with the dip angles of both wings only 1-2°; there are few faults and they are small in scale. The multiple fault zones that have been discovered extend 3-10 km and the throw is less than 80 m, indicating that the structure in the study area has the characteristics of weak folding and undeveloped major faults. At the same time, affected by the pre-existing basement structure, strike-slip faults can also be seen in some areas, and finally the current thrust-strike-slip composite fault system is formed.

[0092] After suppressing the noise of the seismic data, based on the dip information and azimuth information of the seismic data volume, median filtering is performed parallel to the seismic event axis. No filtering is performed when the seismic event axis is laterally discontinuous. That is, median filtering is performed along the formation dip, protecting the edge information without smoothing the boundary, and obtaining the seismic data after filtering processing. Before and after the processing results are as follows Figure 3 , the overall resolution of the seismic data volume is improved, making the faults more distinct and clear.

[0093] After improving the overall resolution of the seismic data volume, the differences in the amplitude and phase of the seismic reflection axis can be more accurately identified by the naked eye on the seismic section. In the ZT area, due to the relatively small dip angle of the thrust fault, generally <30°, and the relatively large dip angle of the strike-slip fault of simple shear, generally >70°, it is difficult for a single seismic attribute volume to identify both faults with large dip angles and small dip angles. Around the abrupt change and discontinuity of the seismic reflection waveform, multiple coherence, ant body tracking, variance and other fused seismic attributes and seismic attribute calculation parameters are optimized to identify the faults in the study area. As follows Figure 4 , only looking at the slices of the dip-guided filtering technology and the coherence attribute, there are a large number of faults in the study area. However, in combination with the seismic section phenomenon, a large number of the presented faults are false; the seismic attribute slices of multi-attribute fusion only show a small number of faults, which is also consistent with the seismic section phenomenon. According to a certain order, the attribute volume is sliced and planar interpretation is carried out.

[0094] Based on the geological structure background analysis in A1 and the seismic attribute slices in A2, first open the "start fault plane mode" and the 3D view window in the SMI software, then create a new fault and make a planar interpretation of the fault on the seismic attribute slices. At this time, the morphology of the generated fault plane and the fault combination relationship can be observed in real time in the 3D view. During the process of making a planar interpretation of the fault, it is necessary to observe whether there are any abnormalities on the fault plane and whether the fault plane is smooth in the 3D view to judge whether the fault interpretation is reasonable. If there are abnormalities or the fault plane is not smooth, it is necessary to re-interpret the fault or interpret it with a new fault.

[0095] After completing the planar interpretation of the fault, open the seismic section window and turn on the "start fault plane mode". The section should be perpendicular or intersect at a high angle with the strike of the fault plane. As follows Figure 5 , the projection of the fault position of the planar interpretation can be displayed on the seismic section, which is easy to identify the fault profile trajectory. Make a fault interpretation at a certain interval on the seismic section, and the interpretation can be densified in the complex fault area. During the process, use the 3D window to visually check whether there are any abnormal interpretations on the fault plane and whether the fault plane is smooth to judge whether the fault interpretation is reasonable. If there are abnormalities or the fault plane is not smooth on the fault plane, it is necessary to correct the fault interpretation results on the section or the seismic attribute slices, or interpret it with a new fault. Repeat the above work to achieve no abnormalities and smoothness on the fault plane.

[0096] After the above work is completed, it is necessary to combine the cross-section and plane of the fault to facilitate the analysis of the later evolution history. In previous work, abnormal or non-smooth parts of the fault plane may be due to phenomena such as segmented growth of the fault caused by multi-stage stress fields. It is necessary to classify multiple faults into one fault zone or one fault. At the same time, some faults may not conform to the basic geological understanding and need to be deleted or modified. While conducting fine fault interpretation, the strata near the fault zone are corrected to make the results of seismic-stratigraphy-fault-logging, etc. suitable, and finally the spatial closure of the fault-stratum is completed. The interpretation results of the fault and stratum cross-section are as Figure 6 , and the three-dimensional display of the thrust-strike-slip composite fault system is as Figure 7 .

[0097] A2. Select several typical three-dimensional seismic profiles of strike-slip, thrust or strike-slip-thrust composite structures, and the profile position is perpendicular to the plane strike of the fault zone.

[0098] A3. According to the results of sandbox physical simulation experiments, it is found that during the formation and evolution of the strike-slip fault zone in a homogeneous geological body, the uplift or subsidence amplitude on both sides of the fault is the same in the cross-section, that is, for the south and north branch faults of the same strike-slip fault zone, the same fault displacement represents only the influence of strike-slip. This principle can be used to determine the relative relationship between the formation period of the strike-slip fault zone and the formation period of the thrust fault. At the same time, on the premise of no stratigraphic uplift and erosion, a single set of R fractures in the strike-slip fault zone penetrate upward to the shallowest layer, which represents the active period of the strike-slip fault zone. If there is a phenomenon of R fractures blooming upward, it means there are multiple periods of strike-slip. Read the vertical fault displacements of multiple strata of the strike-slip fault zone in the thrust-strike-slip fault system. In the ZT area, data is read every 500 m, and in the complex fault area, data is read every 125 m, and use the read data to make a fault displacement-distance curve graph, as Figure 8 .

[0099] A4. Analysis using the throw-distance curve graph produced in A3 shows that there are two maximum points in the T3X3X reflection layer, indicating differences between this segment and the other three segments. Considering the characteristics of the seismic profile, the sudden increase in throw may not be caused by thrusting but by strike-slip, that is, there is a phenomenon of segmented growth in this thrust fault. There are also two maximum points in the throw of the T3X3S reflection layer. There are certain differences in the throw of the south and north sections of the other three segments, with the throw of the south section < the throw of the north section, indicating that the thrust fault has formed at this time, resulting in non-horizontal formation heights. The similar throws at the left maximum point represent the increased throw caused by late-stage strike-slip in one stage, and the differences in the throws of the two sections at the right maximum point represent the start of hard connection of the thrust fault at this time. The analysis results of this method clarify that thrusting occurred first and then strike-slip in this area, and there was a phenomenon of segmented growth in the early stage of thrusting. For areas with strike-slip first and then thrusting, the throw-burial depth curve graph should show differences in the throws of the south and north sections in each formation series, representing the differences in formation burial depth caused by late-stage thrusting. Currently, the conclusions obtained using this method in the ZT area of the Sichuan Basin are consistent with the geological data and other results, demonstrating the reliability of this method.

[0100] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device can be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram can be as Figure 9 shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, abbreviated as I / O), and a communication interface. Among them, the processor, the memory, and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with external terminals through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a method for discriminating the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fracture system.

[0101] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 9 the structure shown in

[0102] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is further provided, including a memory and a processor. A computer program is stored in the memory, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0103] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0105] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use, and processing of relevant data need to comply with relevant regulations.

[0106] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the above method embodiments. Among them, any reference to a memory, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memories. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc.

[0107] In each of the embodiments provided in this application, the database involved may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database may include a distributed database based on a blockchain, etc., without limitation. In each of the embodiments provided in this application, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., without limitation.

[0108] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0109] Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of this application; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

Claims

1. A method for identifying the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system, characterized in that: The method for determining the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system comprises: Acquire seismic data volume; Combine geological models and 3D visualization methods to interpret faults and formations of seismic data to obtain fault interpretation data and formation interpretation data; Selecting a structural seismic section perpendicular to the strike direction of the strike-slip-thrust composite structural belt according to the fault interpretation data and the stratigraphic interpretation data; Reading the vertical fault throws of multiple layers of the strike-slip fault zone in the structural seismic profile, and drawing a fault throw-distance curve diagram; A fault segmentation growth and thrust-strike-slip fault system evolution model is established based on the fault throw-distance curve diagram.

2. The method for determining the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Combine geological models and 3D visualization methods to interpret faults and stratigraphic structures of seismic data, and obtain fault interpretation data and stratigraphic interpretation data, including: identifying secondary faults in the strike-slip fault zone using a multi-attribute fusion method based on the seismic data volume; Merging the attribute data capable of identifying secondary faults in the seismic data volume into a seismic attribute volume; At the location of the thrust-strike-slip composite tectonic system, slicing the seismic attribute volume at preset time intervals to obtain seismic attribute volume slices; Using the fault plane mode of the software, the fault is interpreted along the fault strike direction on the slice of the seismic attribute body to obtain fault interpretation data; By using the fault plane mode of the software, the faults whose plane trend of the seismic section is perpendicular to the fault plane trend are interpreted according to the projection data of the fault interpretation data to obtain the stratigraphic interpretation data.

3. The method for determining the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fault plane mode of the software is used to interpret the fault along the fault strike direction on the seismic attribute volume slice to obtain fault interpretation data, which specifically includes: Using the fault plane mode of the software, the fault plane morphology and the fracture combination relationship are generated in real time in the three-dimensional view of the seismic attribute volume slice; When the fault plane is not smooth, the rough fault plane is reinterpreted as a smooth fault plane to obtain fault interpretation data.

4. The method for determining the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fault plane mode of the software is used to interpret the faults whose plane trend of the seismic section is perpendicular to the fault plane trend according to the projection data of the fault interpretation data to obtain the stratigraphic interpretation data, which specifically includes: Using the fault plane mode of the software, the fault interpretation data is projected onto a plane to obtain projection data; Interpreting the faults whose plane trend of the seismic section is perpendicular to the plane trend of the fault according to the projection data to obtain interpretation data; When the fault plane in the interpreted data is not smooth, the rough fault plane is reinterpreted as a smooth fault plane to obtain stratigraphic interpretation data.

5. The method for determining the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Combine geological models and 3D visualization methods to interpret faults and stratigraphic structures of seismic data, and obtain fault interpretation data and stratigraphic interpretation data, including: Performing noise suppression processing and structural guidance filtering processing on the seismic data volume to obtain prominent fault boundary feature data; The fault interpretation and stratigraphic interpretation are performed on the prominent fault boundary feature data in combination with the geological model and the three-dimensional visualization method to obtain fault interpretation data and stratigraphic interpretation data.

6. The method for determining the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the throw-distance curve diagram, a segmented fault growth and thrust-slip fault system evolution model is established, which specifically includes: Identify the minimum fault distance point and the maximum fault distance point in the fault distance-distance curve diagram to obtain first data; Identify the fault segmentation points in the fault throw-distance curve diagram to obtain second data; Determine the formation and evolution period of the thrust fault and the strike-slip fault in the throw-distance curve diagram to obtain third data; A fault segmentation growth and thrust-strike-slip fault system evolution model is established based on the first data, the second data and the third data.

7. The method for determining the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total number of selected structural seismic profiles is less than or equal to the total number of seismic data volumes.

8. A computer device comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for distinguishing the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for determining the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for determining the superimposed evolution of a thrust-strike-slip composite fault system described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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