Oil-water wave field simulation method based on Stan-Chen biphase LBM model

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-gas exploration, and particularly relates to an oil-water wave field numerical simulation method based on a Stan-Chen biphase LBM model, which comprises the following steps: introducing a Stan-Chen force action item, and constructing the biphase LBM model; the method comprises the following steps: initializing biphase LBM model parameters and setting boundary conditions, simulating oil-water biphase wave field propagation, and updating a particle distribution function and macroscopic wave field information; and a final simulation result is obtained through operations such as wave field feature extraction. In the scheme, the interaction force of the oil phase and the water phase is expressed through a potential function, a multi-scale flow and wave field interaction mechanism is introduced, in complex oil-water wave field simulation, the transmission characteristics in the wave field propagation process can be simulated, the detail change of the phase interface can be captured, and the simulation precision of the oil-water wave field is improved. Therefore, a more reliable numerical solution is provided for wave field simulation in oil-gas exploration, and the method has wide application prospects and technical values especially in the exploration process of deepwater and unconventional oil-gas resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, and particularly relates to an oil-water wave field simulation method based on the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand, the exploration of oil and gas resources faces unprecedented challenges. Different from traditional onshore oil and gas resources, deep-water oil and gas resources and unconventional oil and gas resources are often located in complex geological environments, such as extremely deep seabeds, shale gas layers, tight gas reservoirs, etc. The particularity of these environments has greatly increased the difficulty and complexity of oil and gas exploration.

[0003] Among them, the change of the oil-water interface and multiphase flow in the oil and gas reservoir are one of the key issues in oil and gas exploration; in complex geological environments, the accurate simulation of the propagation of the oil-water wave field is crucial, especially to be able to capture the dynamic changes of the interaction forces between the oil and water media. Considering that the existence and structure of oil and gas reservoirs often have great uncertainties, especially for the simulation of factors such as the change of the oil-water interface and multiphase flow, the traditional method of wave field characterization based on the wave equation is inadequate; the dynamic change of the oil-water interface and the interaction between different media will significantly affect the development effect of the oil and gas reservoir, and the existence of multiphase flow makes the flow pattern of the fluid more complex. Using the single-phase LBM model in the simulation of the oil-water wave field cannot fully capture the interaction between the oil and water interfaces, resulting in its inability to accurately simulate the dynamic characteristics of the change of the oil-water interface and the wave field propagation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a solution to accurately simulate the propagation characteristics of seismic wave fields in oil-water two-phase media. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems such as insufficient simulation accuracy of the traditional wave equation method and the single-phase LBM model in the oil-water two-phase medium, an oil-water wave field simulation method based on the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model is proposed. By introducing the Shan-Chen force term, a two-phase LBM model is constructed, effectively improving the accuracy and stability of the oil-water wave field simulation.

[0006] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: an oil-water wave field simulation method based on the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model, including the following steps:

[0007] Step A: Construct a two-phase LBM model with Shan-Chen interaction force, and establish a discrete model of the geological structure according to the geological structure of the area to be simulated;

[0008] The two-phase LBM model is expressed as follows:

[0009] fi (x + c i △t, t + △t) = f i (x, t) + Ω i (x, t) + F i △t;

[0010] Among them, f i (x, t) is the particle distribution function, representing the particle density along the discrete velocity ci at position x and time t. Δt represents the time interval of LBM discretization. Ω i (x, t) is the collision operator, describing the interaction between particles. Fi is the force term, used to describe the influence of the interaction between phases or external forces on the distribution function;

[0011] In seismic wave field simulation, the force term F i is expressed as follows:

[0012]

[0013] Among them, u represents the vibration velocity, τ is the relaxation time, w i is the weight coefficient of the lattice, c i is the lattice velocity, c s is the lattice sound speed. By adjusting the form of the force term, different types of seismic waves and the wave field propagation characteristics in complex media can be simulated;

[0014] The interaction force F between phases * is calculated through the pseudo - potential function and is expressed as:

[0015]

[0016] Among them, ψ is the pseudo - potential function, and G is the interaction strength coefficient;

[0017] Step B: Initialize the physical parameters of the two - phase LBM model and set the boundary conditions;

[0018] Step C: Simulate the propagation of the oil - water two - phase wave field and update the particle distribution function and macroscopic wave field information;

[0019] Among them, the update of the particle distribution function includes two steps: collision and migration. The collision step describes the interaction between particles, and the migration step describes the movement of particles in the discrete velocity direction. By calculating the interaction force between oil and water, the velocity field and density field are updated until the set simulation time is reached;

[0020] Considering the reflection and transmission effects of seismic waves at the two - phase interface, the migration step is specifically as follows;

[0021]

[0022] Among them, f i* (x, t) is the particle distribution function after the collision of the current node at the current moment, is the particle distribution function in the opposite direction after the collision of the adjacent node at the current moment, f i (x + c i △t, t + △t) is the particle distribution function after the migration of the adjacent node at the next moment. T and R are the transmission and reflection coefficients determined by the wave impedances of the two media on both sides, and θ is the incident wave angle;

[0023]

[0024] Among them, ρ * is the medium density and u * is the medium wave velocity. The subscripts 1 and 2 respectively represent the two different media of oil and water;

[0025] Step D: Based on the simulation results of Step C, extract the wave field characteristics, compare and analyze the results, optimize the model parameters, and output the final simulation results.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] This solution combines the physical mechanism of acoustic wave propagation, introduces the Shan-Chen force term, constructs a two-phase LBM model to effectively describe the interaction force between oil and water phases and the interfacial dynamic behavior, and combines the Shan-Chen pseudopotential function to successfully simulate the non-local interaction between oil and water phases, significantly improving the simulation accuracy of interfacial dynamics. By introducing the multi-scale flow and wave field interaction mechanism, this solution successfully simulates the wave field propagation characteristics under complex geological conditions. Compared with the traditional single-phase LBM model, it can more significantly capture the changes in the complex oil-water interface wave field, with higher simulation accuracy and efficiency. This method is particularly suitable for oil and gas exploration in complex geological environments, can accurately capture the wave field propagation characteristics at the oil-water interface, provides an efficient and accurate numerical method for oil and gas exploration, and can provide reliable technical support for the exploration and development of complex oil and gas reservoirs. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the method flow described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the D2Q9-LBM discrete velocity model described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the reflection and transmission effects of seismic waves at the phase interface and the particle migration situation described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the oil-water two-phase layered medium in the embodiment of the present invention. The upper layer is light oil and the lower layer is water;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the wave field snapshots of the oil-water layered medium simulated by the single-phase LBM and the two-phase LBM in the embodiment of the present invention. Among them, (a) is the wave field simulated by the single-phase LBM, (b) is the wave field simulated by the two-phase LBM with G = 0.01, and (c) is the wave field simulated by the two-phase LBM with G = 0.1;

[0033] Figure 6 Wave profiles calculated by the single-phase LBM and the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM with different G values along different positions in the embodiment of the present invention. Among them, (a) is extracted at a depth of 500 meters along Figure 5 and (b) is extracted at a distance of 200 meters along Figure 5 ;

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the oil-water two-phase porous medium in the embodiment of the present invention. The external background is water and the pores are filled with light oil;

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the wave field snapshots and the residual wave field of the oil-water porous medium simulated by the single-phase LBM and the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM with G = 0.1 in the embodiment of the present invention. Among them, (a) is the wave field simulated by the single-phase LBM, (b) is the wave field simulated by the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM with G = 0.1, and (c) is the residual wave field of the two;

[0036] Figure 9 Wave profiles calculated by the single-phase LBM and the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM with G = 0.1 along different positions in the embodiment of the present invention: (a) is extracted at a depth of 450 meters along Figure 8 and (b) is extracted at a distance of 320 meters along Figure 8 ; Detailed implementation manners

[0037] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below

[0038] This embodiment proposes an oil-water wave field simulation method based on the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model. By introducing the interaction force between phases, a two-phase LBM model is constructed, as Figure 1 described, including the following steps:

[0039] 1. Consider the surface tension between fluids and construct a two-phase LBM model with Shan-Chen force;

[0040] The LBM method is a numerical simulation method based on the microscopic kinetic theory. It describes the microscopic behavior of fluids through the discrete velocity distribution function and simulates the macroscopic motion of fluids through the statistical average of macroscopic quantities. The basic equations of LBM include the migration equation and the collision equation.

[0041] For single-phase fluids, the LBM model is expressed as:

[0042] f i (x + c i △t, t + △t) = f i (x, t) + Ω i (x, t); (1)

[0043] In the formula: f i (x, t) is the particle distribution function, representing the particle density along the discrete velocity ci at position x and time t. Usually, discrete velocity models such as D2Q9 or D3Q19 are adopted. Ω i (x, t) is the collision operator, describing the interaction between particles. Usually, the BGK approximation is adopted:

[0044] Ω i (x, t) = -(f i (x, t) - f i eq (x, t)) / τ; (2)

[0045] In the formula: τ is the relaxation time, and f i eq (x, t) is the equilibrium distribution function, and its general form is:

[0046]

[0047] In the formula: ρ and u are the density perturbation and the vibration velocity respectively, c s is the lattice sound speed, and w i is the lattice weight coefficient.

[0048] For the D2Q9 discrete model ( Figure 2 ):

[0049]

[0050] For multiphase fluids, the basic equation of LBM needs to introduce a force term to describe the interaction between phases. The LBM model with a force term can be expressed as:

[0051] f i (x + c i△t, t + △t) = f i (x, t) + Ω i (x, t) + F i △t; (5)

[0052] Among them, F i is the force term, which is used to describe the influence of the interaction between phases or external forces on the distribution function in the two-phase LBM model.

[0053] In seismic wave field simulation, the introduction of the force term can represent the excitation of the seismic source or the external force in the medium, and it is usually expressed in the following form:

[0054]

[0055] By adjusting the form of the force term (such as by analogy with the elastic wave equation and adding elastic forces, etc.), different types of seismic waves (such as P-waves and S-waves) and the wave field propagation characteristics in complex media can be simulated.

[0056] By introducing the force term, it will affect the acceleration of the particle swarm and thus affect the vibration velocity. Therefore, the corrected macroscopic density perturbation and vibration velocity are calculated as:

[0057]

[0058] The interaction between phases is described by introducing a pseudo-potential function. The physical properties such as density and viscosity of the oil-water two-phase are quite different, and the interaction force at the interface has a significant impact on seismic wave propagation. By introducing the Shan-Chen pseudo-potential function, the non-local interaction between the oil-water two-phase can be successfully simulated, and the simulation accuracy of the interface dynamics can be significantly improved.

[0059] The interaction force between phases F * is calculated through the pseudo-potential function and is expressed as

[0060]

[0061] The pseudo-potential function ψ is used to describe the interaction between phases and is expressed as follows:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula: ρ 0 is the reference density, and G is the interaction strength coefficient, which controls the strength of the interaction between phases.

[0064] This solution successfully simulates the wave propagation characteristics in an oil-water two-phase medium using the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model in the numerical simulation of seismic wave field propagation by introducing the physical mechanism of acoustic wave propagation (considering reflection, transmission effects, etc.) and combining it with the hydrodynamic framework of Shan-Chen-LBM. By introducing a force term, the source excitation and the propagation behavior of the wave field in the oil-water two-phase medium are simulated.

[0065] 2. Initialize the model parameters and set the boundary conditions

[0066] After constructing the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model, it is first necessary to initialize the physical parameters of the oil-water two-phase medium. The specific parameters include density, viscosity, sound speed, interaction strength coefficient, etc. The setting of these physical parameters directly affects the initial state of the model and the subsequent simulation of wave field propagation. Therefore, they must be reasonably selected according to the actual geological conditions and fluid characteristics.

[0067] The setting of boundary conditions is an important part of numerical simulation, which directly affects the accuracy and stability of the simulation results. In this embodiment, the boundary conditions of the simulation area are selected as the following types according to actual needs:

[0068] (1) Periodic boundary condition: The periodic boundary condition assumes that the boundaries of the simulation area are periodic, that is, the fluid flows out from one side and then flows in from the other side. This boundary condition is suitable for simulating infinitely extended media and can effectively reduce the influence of boundary effects on the simulation results;

[0069] (2) Solid wall boundary condition: The solid wall boundary condition assumes that the boundaries of the simulation area are solid and the fluid cannot penetrate at the boundaries. This boundary condition is suitable for simulating fluid flow in a finite area and can accurately describe the interaction between the fluid and the solid wall;

[0070] (3) Free boundary condition: The free boundary condition assumes that the boundaries of the simulation area are open and the fluid can freely enter and exit. This boundary condition is suitable for simulating fluid flow in an open system and can effectively describe the interaction between the fluid and the external environment. According to the actual simulation needs, the appropriate type of boundary condition can be selected and dynamically adjusted during the simulation process.

[0071] After setting the physical parameters and boundary conditions, it is necessary to initialize the distribution function of the fluid. The initialization of the distribution function is the starting point of the simulation and directly affects the subsequent wave field propagation process. Initially, the macroscopic vibration velocity and the mesoscopic particle distribution function are set to

[0072]

[0073] The setting of the initial wave field conditions mainly includes the position, waveform, frequency, etc. of the source.

[0074] 3. Simulate the wave field propagation of the oil-water two-phase medium and update the particle distribution function (10) and the macroscopic wave field information

[0075] The Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model method is used to implement the oil-water wave field propagation, which mainly has the following three core processes:

[0076] ① According to the geological structure of the area to be simulated, establish a discrete model of this geological structure;

[0077] ② Update the particle distribution function, which mainly involves two steps: collision and migration: The collision step describes the interaction between particles, and the distribution function is updated through the collision operator in formula (2). The migration step describes the movement of particles in the discrete velocity direction.

[0078] Due to considering the reflection and transmission effects of seismic waves at the two-phase interface ( Figure 1 ), modify the migration step:

[0079]

[0080] where f i * (x, t) is the particle distribution function after collision at the current node at the current moment, is the particle distribution function in the opposite direction after collision at the adjacent node at the current moment, f i (x + c i △t, t + △t) is the particle distribution function after migration at the adjacent node at the next moment, and T and R are the transmission and reflection coefficients determined by the wave impedances of the two media on both sides respectively.

[0081] In order to make the simulation closer to the real wave law, according to the reflection, transmission, scattering and other phenomena unique to the wave problem at the medium interface, the reflection and transmission coefficients applicable to LBM are derived, and the LBM migration process is reformed. Creatively, the incident angle is corresponded one by one according to the velocity direction of the lattice model. In this embodiment, according to the physical quantities such as the medium density ρ * , the medium wave velocity u * , the incident wave angle θ, etc., the following expressions are derived:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, for the common D2Q9-LBM discrete model, the incident angles θ corresponding to its nine directions are (none, 90°, 0°, 90°, 0°, 45°, 45°, 45°, 45°). Taking normal incidence as an example, its schematic diagram is as Figure 2 shown.

[0084] ③ Calculate the interaction force between oil and water using Equation (8), and update the velocity field and density field. Repeat the above steps until the set simulation time is reached.

[0085] In this embodiment, by introducing the interaction mechanism between multi-scale flows (LBM migrates particles at the mesoscopic scale and simulates macroscopic quantities such as density and oscillation velocity) and wave fields, the wave field propagation characteristics under complex geological conditions are successfully simulated, improving the reliability of the simulation results.

[0086] 4. Extract the wave field characteristics, compare and analyze the results, optimize the model parameters, and output the final simulation results

[0087] After the simulation is completed, extract the wave field characteristics in the simulation results, including wave field energy, phase, and waveform. Compare and analyze the simulation results of the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM and single-phase LBM, and propose a joint analysis framework of energy-phase-waveform. Compare the differences between two-phase and single-phase LBM comprehensively from multi-physical field characteristics (energy distribution, phase change, waveform distortion), rather than relying only on a single parameter (such as energy attenuation), to verify the correctness and reliability of the two-phase LBM model. Analyze the influence of different interaction strength coefficients G on the wave field propagation characteristics, and evaluate the simulation accuracy of the model under complex oil-water interface conditions.

[0088] Optimize the model parameters according to the simulation results, such as adjusting the interaction strength coefficient G or boundary condition settings, and output the final wave field simulation results, including wave field energy distribution, phase change, and waveform characteristics. Quantify the influence of the interaction strength coefficient G on the wave field propagation characteristics systematically for the first time, and apply the simulation results to the field of oil and gas exploration to provide technical support for the exploration and development of complex oil and gas reservoirs.

[0089] To further prove the effectiveness of this solution, the effects of this solution are described below with specific examples:

[0090] Case 1, oil-water layered medium

[0091] To test the differences in wave field characterization between single-phase LBM and the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model of the present invention in oil-water media, first use the simplest two-phase layered medium ( Figure 4 ) as an example. The grid size is 800×800, the spatial sampling interval of LBM is 1m×1m, and the time sampling interval is 0.5ms. A Ricker wavelet with a main frequency of 35Hz is used as the seismic source and added at the center of the medium. The upper medium is light oil, and the lower medium is water (at a temperature of 0°C). The parameter comparison of the media is shown in Table 1.

[0092] Figure 5Among them, sub - figures (a), (b), and (c) respectively show the wave - field snapshots calculated by single - phase LBM and Shan - Chen two - phase LBM (G = 0.01 and G = 0.1). By comparison, it can be found that the overall waveform morphologies of the three sub - figures are similar, and it is difficult to see the tiny differences in the wavefronts, which proves the correctness of the Shan - Chen two - phase LBM of the present invention.

[0093] Furthermore, a set of wave profiles are extracted along the depth direction and the distance direction respectively for detailed comparison. As Figure 6 shown, by comparing the three curves in the same sub - figure, it can be seen that the wave profiles calculated by Shan - Chen two - phase LBM and single - phase LBM are in overall agreement, but there are some differences in amplitude and phase at the interface, some wave peaks, wave troughs, etc. This is caused by the interaction force between oil and water phases. By comparing the wave - field snapshots and wave profiles at different G values, it can be found that at low G value (G = 0.01), the interaction force between oil and water phases is weak, and the wave - field propagation characteristics are relatively close to the results of the single - phase LBM model. However, tiny amplitude and phase differences can still be observed at the interface, indicating that the two - phase LBM model has begun to capture the interaction between oil and water phases; at high G values, the interaction force between oil and water phases is significantly enhanced, and the difference in wave - field propagation characteristics from the single - phase LBM model is more obvious. Especially at the interface, the reflection, refraction, and transmission behaviors of the wave field are more complex, and the two - phase LBM model can describe these phenomena more accurately.

[0094] Case 2: Oil - water porous medium

[0095] Then, a more complex oil - water porous medium ( Figure 7 ) is designed to test the effect of the present invention. Among them, 6 pores are filled with light oil, and the pore radii are 25m and 50m respectively, and the outside is water. Other LBM model settings and medium parameters are the same as those in Case 1.

[0096] Figure 8 (a) and (b) sub - figures respectively represent the wave - field snapshots at the same moment of the oil - water porous medium calculated by single - phase LBM and Shan - Chen two - phase LBM with G = 0.1. After careful observation and combined with Figure 8 (c) (the residuals of the first two wave fields), it is found that there are some energy and phase differences between these two algorithms in the whole wavefront and the internal reflected waves, especially obvious around the pores on the diagonal. To further analyze the wave - field details, as Figure 9 shown, a set of wave profiles are extracted along the depth direction and the distance direction respectively for detailed comparison. It can be observed that the interaction force between the oil phase and the water phase at the interface significantly changes the shape, phase, starting time, etc. of the internal reflected waves.

[0097] These two examples show that when simulating the wave fields of two different phases of media, the interaction force between different phases needs to be considered and the interaction strength coefficient G should be adjusted as needed, because this will affect the accuracy of the actual seismic wave field characterization.

[0098] The Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model of the present invention can effectively simulate the wave field propagation characteristics in oil-water two-phase media by introducing an interaction force model between phases, significantly improving the simulation accuracy and efficiency. It not only performs well in simple two-phase media, but also applies to more complex oil and gas reservoir environments, such as heterogeneous media, porous media, etc. By adjusting the interaction strength coefficient G and other model parameters, the wave field propagation characteristics under different geological conditions can be simulated, providing more accurate numerical results for oil and gas exploration. Compared with the traditional single-phase LBM model, the present invention shows higher simulation accuracy under complex oil-water interface conditions, providing reliable technical support for oil and gas exploration. In the future, this model can be further extended to the wave field simulation of other multi-phase media (such as gas-liquid, liquid-liquid), with broad application prospects.

[0099] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limitations on the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, as long as the technical solution content of the present invention is not departed from, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The oil-water wave field simulation method based on the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model is characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step A, constructing a two-phase LBM model with Shan-Chen force, and establishing a discrete model of the geological structure according to the geological structure of the area to be simulated; The biphasic LBM model is expressed as follows: f i (x+c i △t,t+△t)=f i (x,t)+Ω i (x,t)+F i △t; Among them, f i (x, t) is the particle distribution function, which represents the particle density at position x and time t along the discrete velocity ci, Δt represents the time interval of the LBM discrete, Ω i (x, t) is the collision operator, which describes the interaction between particles, and Fi is the force term, which is used to describe the effect of phase interaction or external force on the distribution function; Step B, initializing the physical parameters of the two-phase LBM model and setting boundary conditions; Step C, simulating the propagation of oil-water two-phase wave field and updating the particle distribution function and macro wave field information; The update of the particle distribution function includes two steps: collision and migration. The collision step describes the interaction between particles, and the migration step describes the movement of particles in discrete velocity directions. The velocity field and density field are updated by calculating the interaction force between oil and water until the set simulation time is reached. Step D: Based on the simulation results of step C, extract the wave field characteristics and compare the analysis results, optimize the model parameters and output the final simulation results.

2. The oil-water wave field simulation method based on the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A, in the seismic wave field simulation, the force term F i It is expressed as follows: Where u represents the vibration velocity, τ is the relaxation time, and w i is the weight coefficient of the grid, c i is the grid velocity, c s is the lattice sound velocity, which is used to simulate different types of seismic waves and wave field propagation characteristics in complex media by adjusting the form of the force term; Interphase interaction force F * Calculated by pseudo potential function, it is expressed as: Where ψ is the pseudopotential function and G is the interaction strength coefficient.

3. The oil-water wave field simulation method based on the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step C, considering the reflection and transmission effects of seismic waves at the two-phase interface, the migration steps are as follows: Among them, f i * (x, t) is the particle distribution function after the collision of the current node at the current moment, is the particle distribution function in the opposite direction after the collision of adjacent nodes at the current moment, f i (x+c i △t,t+△t) is the particle distribution function after the adjacent nodes migrate at the next moment, T and R are the transmission and reflection coefficients determined by the wave impedance of the media on both sides, and θ is the incident wave angle; Among them, ρ * is the medium density and u * is the medium wave velocity, and the subscripts 1 and 2 represent two different media, oil and water, respectively.

4. The oil-water wave field simulation method based on the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step D, after the simulation of step C is completed, the wave field characteristics in the simulation results are extracted, including the wave field energy, phase and waveform, the influence of different interaction intensity coefficients G on the wave field propagation characteristics is analyzed, and the simulation accuracy of the two-phase LBM model under complex oil-water interface conditions is evaluated; and according to the simulation results, the model parameters are optimized, the interaction intensity coefficient G or the boundary condition setting is adjusted, and the final wave field simulation results are output.

5. The oil-water wave field simulation method based on the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step B, initially, the vibration velocity u and the particle distribution function f i Set to: Among them, f i eq is the equilibrium distribution function.

6. The oil-water wave field simulation method based on the Shan-Chen two-phase LBM model according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step B, the physical parameters include density, viscosity, sound velocity and interaction strength coefficient; the boundary conditions include periodic boundary conditions, solid wall boundary conditions and free boundary conditions. When setting the boundary conditions, the corresponding boundary conditions are selected according to the actual geological conditions and fluid properties.

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