An Adaptive Allocation Method for Carbon Emission Responsibility in Power Systems Based on the Threshold of New Energy Penetration

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy power systems, and discloses an adaptive sharing method for carbon emission responsibilities of power systems based on new energy penetration thresholds. Aiming at the problem that traditional carbon emission responsibility allocation mechanisms are difficult to adapt to the volatility of new energy and changes in penetration rates, a dynamic responsibility sharing strategy is proposed. First, a source-load collaborative carbon emission simulation model is constructed, and new energy penetration thresholds and hysteresis intervals are defined. Based on the real-time value of the penetration rate, three modes are dynamically switched: the full responsibility mode on the power generation side, the source-load benchmark sharing mechanism, and the transition interval. Secondly, a multi-objective optimization model is established to collaboratively optimize fairness, new energy consumption, and economy. The method of the present invention can reduce the deviation of carbon emission responsibility allocation, improve the new energy consumption rate, and at the same time reduce the system operation cost. The present invention provides technical support for the accurate sharing of carbon responsibilities in high-proportion new energy power grids.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy power systems, and particularly relates to an adaptive sharing method for carbon emission responsibilities of power systems based on new energy penetration thresholds. Background Technique

[0002] With the in-depth promotion of the "dual carbon" goal, the power system is accelerating its transformation towards a high proportion of new energy access. The large-scale grid connection of renewable energy sources such as wind and light has significantly reduced the dependence on fossil energy, but the volatility and randomness of new energy output have also brought new challenges to the operation of the power system. In this context, the reasonable sharing of carbon emission responsibilities has become a key issue for achieving the operation of a low-carbon power system. Traditional carbon emission responsibility allocation mechanisms mostly adopt fixed sharing ratios or single models, which are difficult to adapt to the dynamic changes in new energy penetration, resulting in large deviations in responsibility allocation, limited new energy consumption efficiency, and insufficient system operation economy.

[0003] Current research generally focuses on responsibility allocation in static scenarios, such as benchmark sharing based on historical data or a model where the power generation side bears all the responsibilities. However, the new energy penetration rate may fluctuate rapidly from a low value (such as less than 50%) to a high value (such as more than 100%) at different times. Traditional static mechanisms cannot dynamically adjust the responsibility weights, which is likely to cause unfair allocation or resource waste. Especially near the penetration threshold, existing methods lack a smooth transition mechanism, and frequent strategy switches may be triggered due to short-term fluctuations, affecting system stability. In addition, existing models often optimize economic efficiency, fairness, and new energy consumption goals separately, making it difficult to achieve coordinated balance in complex operation scenarios. For example, overemphasizing economic efficiency at low penetration rates may lead to an increase in the new energy curtailment rate, while simply pursuing consumption at high penetration rates may increase the adjustment costs of traditional units. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an adaptive sharing method for carbon emission responsibilities of power systems based on new energy penetration thresholds. By adaptively matching dynamic weights with the penetration rate, it effectively reduces the deviation in responsibility allocation, ensures stable system switching, improves the utilization rate of new energy, reduces system operation costs, and provides technical support for the accurate sharing of carbon responsibilities in high-proportion new energy power grids.

[0005] The adaptive sharing method for carbon emission responsibilities of power systems based on new energy penetration thresholds described in the present invention includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Define an index reflecting the proportion of new energy in power supply, namely the new energy penetration rate β, and set high and low thresholds; based on the relationship between the new energy penetration rate and the high and low thresholds, design corresponding carbon emission responsibility allocation strategies;

[0007] Step 2: Considering the impact of the new energy penetration rate on the carbon emission responsibility allocation, a multi-objective function is constructed with the fairness of carbon emission responsibility allocation, the maximization of new energy consumption, and the economy of system operation as the comprehensive optimization objectives to ensure the fair sharing of carbon emission responsibilities on the premise of meeting the stable operation of the system;

[0008] Step 3: Based on the requirements of the safe operation of the power grid, physical constraints dynamically matched with the new energy penetration rate β are set to ensure the system stability under different operation modes;

[0009] Step 4: Based on the real-time relationship between the new energy penetration rate β and the high and low two-level thresholds, the responsibility allocation parameter k(β) is dynamically calculated, and the corresponding carbon emission responsibility allocation strategy is executed.

[0010] Furthermore, in Step 1, when the new energy penetration rate β continuously exceeds the high threshold of 100%, the traditional units are shut down and the full responsibility mode on the power generation side is activated; when the new energy penetration rate β is lower than the low threshold of 80%, the source-load benchmark sharing mechanism is started; in the transition region between the high threshold and the low threshold, the responsibility allocation weight is dynamically adjusted proportionally.

[0011] Furthermore, to avoid frequent switching of strategies due to small fluctuations in the new energy penetration rate near the threshold, a hysteresis interval is introduced and the hysteresis bandwidth is set ;

[0012] When and it lasts for a preset time, it switches to the full responsibility mode on the power generation side;

[0013] When it switches back from the full responsibility mode on the power generation side to the responsibility allocation mode in the transition interval;

[0014] When and it lasts for a preset time, it switches to the source-load benchmark sharing mode;

[0015] When it switches from the source-load benchmark mode to the responsibility allocation mode in the transition interval.

[0016] Furthermore, in Step 2, the multi-objective function including three sub-objectives is constructed as follows:

[0017] (1),

[0018] In the formula, is the weight coefficient, satisfying ; is the fairness objective, that is, the objective of minimizing the deviation of carbon emission responsibility allocation; is the new energy consumption objective, that is, the maximum new energy consumption and the minimum curtailment of wind and light; For the economic objective, that is, to minimize the total operating cost of the system;

[0019] 1) Define the objective of minimizing the deviation of carbon emission responsibility allocation:

[0020] (2),

[0021] Where, is the set of all nodes in the system, is the actual allocated carbon emission of node i, is the ideal allocation amount based on the real-time penetration rate β, which is calculated dynamically according to the mode:

[0022] (3),

[0023] Where, are the sets of new energy units, traditional units, and load nodes respectively, is the real-time output of the new energy of node i in the new energy unit; is the real-time output of node i in the traditional unit; is the load power consumption of load node i, where i is the current calculated node number, that is, the target node, and j is the traversal node number used for normalization calculation;

[0024] 2) Maximize the consumption of new energy and minimize the curtailment of wind and light:

[0025] (4),

[0026] Where, is the maximum available output of the new energy of node i, is the total actual output of the new energy;

[0027] 3) Minimize the total operating cost of the system:

[0028] (5),

[0029] Among them, the power generation cost of the traditional generator is:

[0030] (6),

[0031] Where, is the cost coefficient of traditional generator set i, is the output of traditional generator set i at time t, and T is the total operating time;

[0032] The penalty cost for new energy curtailment is:

[0033] (7),

[0034] wherein is the unit price of curtailed electricity, represents the maximum output of node i in the new energy unit at time t;

[0035] Load-side compensation cost is:

[0036] (8),

[0037] wherein is the electricity / heat load compensation unit price, is the amount of curtailed electricity / heat load, represents the set of interruptible electricity / heat load nodes;

[0038] Through the dynamic weight adjustment of the new energy penetration rate β target, it is ensured that the new energy consumption is preferentially guaranteed at high penetration rates, and the economy is emphasized at low penetration rates:

[0039] (9).

[0040] Furthermore, step 3 is specifically as follows:

[0041] (1) Power balance constraint:

[0042] (10),

[0043] wherein are the output powers of the traditional generator set and the new energy unit respectively, is the charge / discharge power value of the energy storage in energy storage device k, represents the demand power of the load node;

[0044] (2) Energy storage device constraint:

[0045] The operation of the energy storage device satisfies the upper and lower limits of the charge / discharge power and the energy storage capacity:

[0046] (11),

[0047] wherein represents the upper and lower limits of the charging power of energy storage device k; represents the upper and lower limits of the discharging power of energy storage device k; represents the upper and lower limits of the energy storage capacity of energy storage device k; represent the charge and discharge powers respectively; represents the remaining capacity of energy storage device k at time t; represent the charge / discharge efficiency coefficients of the energy storage respectively; represents the time interval from time

[0048] (3)Output constraint of new energy units:

[0049] The output of new energy units is restricted by weather conditions, and the actual output cannot exceed the maximum available output. The constraint conditions are as follows:

[0050] (12),

[0051] In the formula, represents the actual output of new energy unit j, represents the maximum available output of new energy unit j at the current moment.

[0052] Furthermore, step 4 is specifically as follows:

[0053] The responsibility allocation parameter k(β) represents the proportion of traditional generating units in the total carbon emission responsibility, and its value changes dynamically with the new energy penetration rate β; the specific definition is as follows:

[0054] When β ≤ 80%:

[0055] (13),

[0056] In the formula, represents the benchmark responsibility ratio of traditional units; at low penetration rates, new energy generation is not sufficient to meet most of the load demand, and traditional units need to provide a large amount of power support. Therefore, the carbon emission responsibility is shared by traditional units and the load side;

[0057] When :

[0058] (14),

[0059] In the transition interval, as β increases, the proportion of new energy gradually increases, the power generation and carbon emissions of traditional units decrease, so its responsibility ratio k(β) linearly increases from to 1, achieving a smooth transition;

[0060] When :

[0061] (15),

[0062] At high penetration rates, the new energy generation power exceeds the system's total load demand, and traditional generating units are completely shut down. Theoretically, the carbon emissions are 0. At this time, it is set that means that if there are carbon emissions, they will all be borne by the power generation side.

[0063] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The method of the present invention constructs the new energy penetration rate and two-level thresholds, realizes the adaptive balance of fairness, accommodation and economy through dynamic weight adjustment, and sets a hysteresis interval mechanism to avoid frequent switching of strategies caused by short-term fluctuations, significantly improving the stability and robustness of the system operation; The method of the present invention realizes the adaptive switching of the carbon emission responsibility allocation strategy, effectively reduces the deviation of carbon emission responsibility allocation, improves the new energy accommodation rate, and at the same time reduces the system operation cost, providing efficient and reliable technical support for the low-carbon transformation of the power system, and solving the problem that traditional static sharing methods are difficult to adapt to the fluctuations of new energy output. Description of the Drawings

[0064] Figure 1 It is the comparison result of the system operation cost;

[0065] Figure 2 It is the comparison result of the new energy curtailment;

[0066] Figure 3 It is the comparison of the carbon responsibility allocation deviation;

[0067] Figure 4 It is the decision flow chart of the carbon emission responsibility sharing strategy for the new energy penetration rate;

[0068] Figure 5 It is the method flow chart of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0069] In order to make the content of the present invention easier to be clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below according to specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0070] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, a method for adaptively sharing the carbon emission responsibility of a power system based on the new energy penetration rate threshold of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0071] Step 1: Define an index reflecting the proportion of new energy in power supply, i.e., the new energy penetration rate β, and set high and low two-level thresholds; Based on the relationship between the new energy penetration rate and the high and low two-level thresholds, design corresponding carbon emission responsibility allocation strategies;

[0072] Step 2: Comprehensively consider the impact of the new energy penetration rate on carbon emission responsibility allocation, and construct a multi-objective function with the fairness of carbon emission responsibility allocation, the maximization of new energy accommodation, and the economy of system operation as the comprehensive optimization objectives to ensure the fair sharing of carbon emission responsibility on the premise of meeting the stable operation of the system;

[0073] Step 3: Based on the requirements of grid safe operation, set physical constraints that are dynamically matched with the new energy penetration rate β to ensure the system stability under different operation modes;

[0074] Step 4: Based on the real-time relationship between the new energy penetration rate β and the high and low two-level thresholds, dynamically calculate the responsibility allocation parameter k(β), and implement the corresponding carbon emission responsibility allocation strategy.

[0075] In Step 1, the new energy penetration rate index is a key parameter to measure the low-carbon level of the system. To meet the carbon emission responsibility allocation requirements under different penetration rate scenarios, two-level thresholds are set: a high threshold of 100% and a low threshold of 80%. The designed carbon emission responsibility allocation strategy is as follows: when the penetration rate β continuously exceeds 100%, shut down the traditional units and activate the full responsibility mode on the power generation side; when the penetration rate β is lower than 80%, start the source-load benchmark sharing mechanism; in the transition area between the high threshold and the low threshold, dynamically adjust the responsibility allocation weight proportionally.

[0076] In Step 2, construct a multi-objective function containing three sub-objectives as follows:

[0077] (1),

[0078] In the formula, is the weight coefficient, satisfying ; is the fairness objective, that is, the objective of minimizing the deviation of carbon emission responsibility allocation; is the new energy consumption objective, that is, the maximum new energy consumption and the minimum curtailment of wind and light; is the economic objective, that is, minimizing the total operating cost of the system;

[0079] 1) Define the objective of minimizing the deviation of carbon emission responsibility allocation:

[0080] (2),

[0081] In the formula, is the set of all nodes in the system, is the actually shared carbon emission of node i, is the ideal shared amount based on the real-time penetration rate β, dynamically calculated according to the mode:

[0082] (3),

[0083] In the formula, are the sets of new energy units, traditional units, and load nodes respectively, is the real-time output of new energy of node i in the new energy unit; is the real-time output of node i in the traditional unit; is the load power consumption of load node i, where i is the current calculated node number, that is, the target node, and j is the traversed node number for normalization calculation;

[0084] 2) New energy curtailment penalty term, i.e., the maximum new energy consumption, to minimize wind and solar curtailment:

[0085] (4),

[0086] In the formula, is the maximum available output of new energy at node i, is the total actual output of new energy;

[0087] 3) Minimize the total system operation cost:

[0088] (5),

[0089] Among them, the power generation cost of traditional generators is:

[0090] (6),

[0091] In the formula, is the cost coefficient of traditional generator set i, is the output of traditional generator set i at time t, and T is the total operation time;

[0092] New energy curtailment penalty cost is:

[0093] (7),

[0094] In the formula, is the curtailment unit price, represents the maximum output of node i in the new energy unit at time t;

[0095] Load side compensation cost is:

[0096] (8),

[0097] In the formula, is the electricity / heat load compensation unit price, is the amount of cut electricity / heat load, represents the set of interruptible electricity / heat load nodes;

[0098] Through the dynamic weight adjustment of the new energy penetration rate β target, ensure that new energy consumption is preferentially guaranteed at high penetration rates, and economy is emphasized at low penetration rates:

[0099] (9).

[0100] Step 3 is specifically:

[0101] (1) Power balance constraint:

[0102] (10),

[0103] wherein, are respectively the output powers of the traditional generating unit and the new energy unit, is the charge / discharge power value of the energy storage in energy storage device k, represents the demand power of the load node;

[0104] (2) Energy storage device constraint:

[0105] The operation of the energy storage device satisfies the upper and lower limit constraints of the charge / discharge power and the energy storage capacity:

[0106] (11),

[0107] wherein, represents the upper and lower limits of the charging power of energy storage device k; represents the upper and lower limits of the discharging power of energy storage device k; represents the upper and lower limits of the energy storage capacity of energy storage device k; respectively represent the charge and discharge powers; represents the remaining capacity of energy storage device k at time t; respectively represent the charge / discharge efficiency coefficients of the energy storage; represents the time interval from time to time t;

[0108] (3) New energy unit output constraint:

[0109] The output of the new energy unit is restricted by weather conditions, and the actual output cannot exceed the maximum available output. The constraint conditions are as follows:

[0110] (12),

[0111] wherein, represents the actual output of new energy unit j, represents the maximum available output of new energy unit j at the current moment.

[0112] In step 4, the new energy penetration rate β is defined as the ratio of the new energy power generation to the total system load demand. According to different values of β, the system will adopt different carbon emission responsibility allocation strategies, including the full responsibility mode on the power generation side, the source-load benchmark sharing mode, and the transitional interval responsibility allocation mode. The transitional interval responsibility allocation mode refers to the operating state where the new energy penetration rate is between the low threshold of 80% and the high threshold of 100%. At this time, the carbon emission responsibility is dynamically allocated proportionally.

[0113] The responsibility allocation parameter k(β) represents the proportion of the traditional generator set in the total carbon emission responsibility, and its value changes dynamically with the new energy penetration rate β; the specific definition is as follows:

[0114] When β ≤ 80%:

[0115] (13),

[0116] In the formula, represents the benchmark responsibility ratio of the traditional unit, generally taking 0.5; at low penetration rates, new energy generation is not sufficient to meet most of the load demand, and traditional units need to provide a large amount of power support. Therefore, the carbon emission responsibility is shared by traditional units and the load side;

[0117] When :

[0118] (14),

[0119] In the transition interval, as β increases, the proportion of new energy gradually increases, the power generation and carbon emissions of traditional units decrease, so its responsibility ratio k(β) linearly increases from to 1, achieving a smooth transition;

[0120] When :

[0121] (15);

[0122] At high penetration rates, the new energy generation power exceeds the system's total load demand, and traditional units can be completely shut down. Theoretically, the carbon emissions are 0. At this time, it is set that indicating that if there are carbon emissions, they will all be borne by the power generation side. k(β) is a weight parameter that changes with β and is used to adjust the relative proportion of traditional units and the load side in the carbon emission responsibility. At low penetration rates, the responsibility is evenly shared; at high penetration rates, more responsibility tends to be borne by the power generation side until traditional units are shut down.

[0123] To avoid frequent switching of strategies due to small fluctuations in β near the thresholds (such as 80% or 100%), a hysteresis interval is introduced. In this embodiment, the hysteresis bandwidth Δβ = 5% is set. When β > 105% and lasts for 30 minutes, it switches to the full responsibility mode of the power generation side. When β < 75% and lasts for 30 minutes, it switches to the source-load benchmark sharing mode. Similarly, the condition for switching back from the full responsibility mode of the power generation side to the responsibility allocation mode in the transition interval is β < 95%, and the condition for switching from the source-load benchmark mode to the responsibility allocation mode in the transition interval is β > 85%. The strategy switching needs to meet that the β value continuously remains within the target interval for 30 minutes to avoid interference from transient fluctuations.

[0124] On the premise of ensuring the safe operation of the system, the method described in the present invention realizes the multi-objective collaborative optimization of the fairness of responsibility allocation, the maximization of new energy consumption, and the operation economy. At the same time, a reasonable threshold hysteresis interval and transition mechanism are designed to avoid strategy oscillation caused by short-term fluctuations in penetration rate, and improve the robustness and practical applicability of the model.

[0125] To verify the effectiveness of the carbon emission adaptive sharing method proposed in the present invention, simulations are carried out on it. As Figure 1 shown, under different new energy penetration rates, the system operation cost of the method proposed in the present invention is lower than that of the traditional static responsibility allocation mechanism. As can be seen from Figure 1 , the cost of the traditional method is higher than that of the method of the present invention for most of the time, but in some time periods, such as between 10 hours and 15 hours, the cost of the traditional method is lower than that of the method of the present invention, which may show a lower cost due to changes in demand. Figure 2 It is further shown that by dynamically optimizing the new energy consumption target, the curtailment of new energy is effectively controlled under high penetration rate scenarios. The method of the present invention effectively reduces the curtailment of new energy by dynamically adjusting the carbon emission responsibility allocation strategy. Due to the lack of such a dynamic mechanism, the traditional method results in a higher curtailment of new energy when the new energy penetration rate is high. Figure 3 The comparison of the carbon emission responsibility allocation deviation of Figure 3 confirms that the method of the present invention improves the allocation accuracy by adjusting the responsibility weight in real time, and avoids the problem of sudden increase in deviation of the traditional method near the threshold. In Figure 3 , the deviation value of the traditional method is higher than that of the method of the present invention for most of the time, but in some time periods, such as between 5 hours and 10 hours, the deviation value of the traditional method is lower than that of the method of the present invention; this may be because in these specific time periods, the traditional method shows a lower deviation due to factors such as fluctuations in new energy output and changes in load demand. Overall, the method of the present invention has obvious advantages in terms of stability and efficiency. The above simulation results comprehensively show that the method described in the present invention has certain advantages in ensuring system economy, improving new energy consumption rate, and optimizing the fairness of responsibility allocation.

[0126] The above is only the preferred solution of the present invention, and is not used as a further limitation of the present invention. All equivalent changes made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive sharing method for carbon emission responsibility of power systems based on the threshold of new energy penetration rate, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Define an index reflecting the proportion of new energy in power supply, i.e., the new energy penetration rate β, and set high and low thresholds; design corresponding carbon emission responsibility allocation strategies based on the relationship between the new energy penetration rate and the high and low thresholds; Step 2: Comprehensively consider the impact of the new energy penetration rate on carbon emission responsibility allocation, take the fairness of carbon emission responsibility allocation, the maximization of new energy consumption, and the economic efficiency of system operation as the comprehensive optimization objectives, construct a multi-objective function, and ensure the fair sharing of carbon emission responsibilities on the premise of meeting the stable operation of the system; Step 3: Based on the requirements of power grid safe operation, set physical constraints that are dynamically matched with the new energy penetration rate β to ensure system stability under different operation modes; specifically: (1) Power balance constraint: （10）， Wherein, are the output powers of the traditional generator set and the new energy generator set respectively, is the charge / discharge power value of the energy storage in energy storage device k, represents the demand power of the load node; (2) Energy storage device constraint: The operation of the energy storage device satisfies the upper and lower limit constraints of the charge and discharge power and the energy storage capacity: （11）， In the formula, represent the upper and lower limits of the charging power of energy storage device k; represent the upper and lower limits of the discharging power of energy storage device k; represent the upper and lower limits of the energy storage capacity of energy storage device k; respectively represent the charging and discharging powers; represents the remaining capacity of energy storage device k at time t; respectively represent the charge / discharge efficiency coefficients of energy storage; represents the time interval from time to time t; (3) Output constraint of new energy units: The output of new energy units is restricted by weather conditions, and the actual output cannot exceed the maximum available output. The constraint conditions are as follows: （12）， In the formula, represents the actual output of the new energy unit j, represents the maximum available output of the new energy unit j at the current moment; Step 4: Dynamically calculate the responsibility allocation parameter k(β) based on the real-time relationship between the new energy penetration rate β and the high and low thresholds, and execute the corresponding carbon emission responsibility allocation strategy.

2. The method for adaptively allocating the carbon emission responsibility of a power system based on the new energy penetration threshold according to claim 1, wherein In Step 1, when the new energy penetration rate β continuously exceeds the high threshold, i.e., 100%, shut down the traditional units and activate the full responsibility mode on the power generation side; when the new energy penetration rate β is lower than the low threshold, i.e., 80%, start the source-load benchmark sharing mechanism; in the transition area between the high threshold and the low threshold, dynamically adjust the responsibility allocation weight proportionally.

3. The method for adaptively allocating the carbon emission responsibility of a power system based on the new energy penetration threshold according to claim 2, wherein To avoid frequent switching of strategies due to small fluctuations in the new energy penetration rate near the threshold, a hysteresis interval is introduced, and the hysteresis bandwidth is set ; When , and after a preset time, switch to the full-responsibility mode of the power generation side; When it is switched back to the transitional interval responsibility allocation mode from the full-responsibility mode of the power generation side; When , and after a preset time, switch to the source-load benchmark sharing mode; When the source-load reference mode is switched to the transition interval responsibility allocation mode.

4. The adaptive sharing method for carbon emission responsibility of a power system based on a new energy penetration threshold according to claim 3, wherein In Step 2, construct a multi-objective function including three sub-objectives as follows: （1）， wherein, is the weight coefficient, satisfying ; is the fairness objective, i.e., the objective of minimizing the deviation of carbon emission responsibility allocation; is the new energy consumption objective, i.e., the maximum new energy consumption and the minimum curtailment of wind and solar power; is the economic objective, i.e., the minimum total system operation cost; 1) Define the objective of minimizing the deviation of carbon emission responsibility allocation: （2）， In the formula, is the set of all nodes in the system, is the actual carbon emission share borne by node i, is the ideal share based on the real-time permeability β, which is dynamically calculated according to the mode: （3）， In the formula, represent the new energy unit set, the traditional unit set, and the load node set respectively, is the real-time output of the new energy at node i in the new energy unit; is the real-time output of the traditional unit at node i; is the load power consumption of load node i, where i is the current calculated node number, i.e., the target node, and j is the traversal node number used for normalization calculation; 2) Maximize the new energy consumption and minimize the curtailment of wind and light: （4）， In the formula, is the maximum available output of new energy at node i, is the total actual output of new energy; 3) Minimize the total system operation cost: （5）， Among them, the power generation cost of traditional generators is as follows: （6）， In the formula, is the cost coefficient of the traditional generator set i, is the output of the traditional generator set i at time t, and T is the total operating time; New energy curtailment penalty cost is （7）， In the formula, is the unit price of curtailed electricity, represents the maximum output of node i in the new energy unit at time t; Load-side compensation cost is as follows: （8）， In the formula, is the unit price of electric / thermal load compensation, is the amount of cut-off electric / thermal load, represents the set of interruptible electric / thermal load nodes; Through the dynamic weight adjustment of the new energy penetration rate β target, ensure that new energy consumption is prioritized when the penetration rate is high, and focus on economy when the penetration rate is low: （9）。 5. A method for adaptively allocating the carbon emission responsibility of a power system based on the new energy penetration threshold according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Step 4 is specifically as follows: The responsibility allocation parameter k(β) represents the proportion of traditional power generation units in the total carbon emission responsibility, and its value changes dynamically with the new energy penetration rate β; the specific definition is as follows: When β ≤ 80%: （13）， In the formula, represents the benchmark liability ratio of traditional units; at low penetration levels, new energy generation is insufficient to meet most of the load demand, and traditional units need to provide a large amount of power support. Therefore, the carbon emission liability is shared by traditional units and the load side. When : （14）， In the transition interval, as β increases, the proportion of new energy gradually increases, and the power generation and carbon emissions of traditional units decrease. Therefore, its responsibility ratio k(β) increases linearly from to 1, achieving a smooth transition; When : （15）， At high penetration rates, the new energy power generation exceeds the total system load demand, and traditional units are completely shut down. The carbon emissions are theoretically zero. At this time, it is set that means that if there are carbon emissions, they will all be borne by the power generation side.

Images