A sodium-ion battery

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sodium-ion battery, which includes a housing, a connecting piece, a sodium-ion battery module, a fixing plate and a battery control system. The sodium-ion battery further includes an electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and an oxygen absorption mechanism. The electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism is located on the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module. The electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism includes a preliminary maintenance mechanism and a post-maintenance mechanism. The post-maintenance mechanism includes a cleaning component and a recycling and treatment component. When electrolyte leakage occurs between the battery and the upper cover, the present invention uses the electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism to perform temporary treatment, reduce the risks caused by electrolyte leakage, improve the use safety of the battery, extend the service life of the battery, and when contaminants enter between the battery and the upper cover, the cleaning mechanism can be used to clean them.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sodium-ion batteries, and particularly relates to a sodium-ion battery. Background Art

[0002] A sodium-ion battery is a secondary battery that relies on the movement of sodium ions between the positive and negative electrodes to complete the charging and discharging process. Its working principle is similar to that of a lithium-ion battery and is called a "rocking chair" battery. The main components of a sodium-ion battery include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, an electrolyte, and a current collector. The structure and performance of the positive and negative electrode materials determine the sodium storage performance of the entire battery. During charging, sodium ions are removed from the positive electrode, pass through the electrolyte, and are inserted into the negative electrode through the separator; during discharging, on the contrary, sodium ions are removed from the negative electrode and re-inserted into the positive electrode material. Sodium-ion batteries exhibit many advantages. Sodium-ion batteries have a wide range of applications and are mostly used in the fields of household energy storage, industrial and commercial energy storage, and backup power supplies for communication base stations.

[0003] However, when a sodium-ion battery is used to build an energy storage station in an area with frequent sandstorms, the following problems are likely to occur;

[0004] The contact surface between the sodium-ion battery and the upper cover may be corroded due to electrolyte leakage.

[0005] When building an energy storage station in an area with strong sandstorms, such as a desert area, due to long-term use or processing errors, the seal between the battery and the upper cover in the energy storage station may be poor, and if the staff cannot discover and maintain it in time, it is likely that external pollutants will enter the battery interior, such as debris and sandstorms entering the interior, which may pierce the separator or connect the positive and negative electrodes, causing a micro short circuit or a direct short circuit, or moisture in the air enters the interior and reacts with the electrolyte, accelerating the decomposition of the electrolyte and resulting in capacity attenuation.

[0006] During the use of a sodium-ion battery, oxygen is likely to be generated under high temperature, overcharge, and cyclic aging conditions. However, the release of oxygen may trigger electrolyte decomposition and thermal runaway, shortening the service life of the battery and many other adverse reactions.

[0007] Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a sodium-ion battery.

[0008] The information disclosed in this background art section is only intended to enhance the overall understanding of the present invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sodium-ion battery that can solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0011] A sodium-ion battery includes a housing, a connecting piece, a sodium-ion battery module, a fixing plate, and a battery control system. The sodium-ion battery further includes an electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and an oxygen absorption mechanism. The electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism is located on the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module. The electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism includes a preliminary maintenance mechanism and a subsequent maintenance mechanism. The subsequent maintenance mechanism includes a cleaning component and a recycling and treatment component. The cleaning component is matched with the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module. The cleaning component includes a first adsorption and cleaning column and a second adsorption and cleaning column. First adsorption holes are provided on the central end faces of the first adsorption and cleaning column and the second adsorption and cleaning column. The preliminary maintenance mechanism preliminarily adsorbs the leaked electrolyte. The preliminary maintenance mechanism and the subsequent maintenance mechanism slide on the inner wall end face of the housing. The cleaning mechanism is located on the top end face of the sodium-ion battery module. The cleaning mechanism is matched with multiple parts on the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module. The oxygen absorption mechanism is located on the inner wall end face of the housing. The oxygen absorption mechanism includes a gas treatment component and a storage component. The gas treatment component includes gas adsorption holes, and the gas adsorption holes adsorb the leaked gas.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the preliminary maintenance mechanism includes a mobile spraying maintenance mechanism. The mobile spraying maintenance mechanism includes a mobile spraying seat. A plurality of adsorption ball nozzles are fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the mobile spraying seat. The adsorption ball nozzles are connected to a preliminary maintenance supply box. The preliminary maintenance supply box is installed on the inner wall end face of the first maintenance box. A plurality of electrolyte adsorption balls are stored in the preliminary maintenance supply box. An explosion layer and a fire extinguishing layer are sequentially arranged inside the electrolyte adsorption balls. The electrolyte adsorption balls and the second adsorption and cleaning column are made of one or a mixture of cellulose, polystyrene, and activated carbon. The explosion layer is a mixture of multiple substances such as magnesium powder, potassium nitrate, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, carbonate, phosphate, silicate, and silicon dioxide. The fire extinguishing layer is perfluorinated hexanone.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the storage component includes a total gas storage box and a total waste gas storage box. An exhaust gas storage box is provided on the bottom end face of the second maintenance box. A waste residue storage box, an exhaust gas storage box, and a neutralizing powder storage box are provided in the total waste gas storage box. A plurality of gas storage boxes and a neutralizing gas storage box are provided in the total gas storage box; a plurality of gas storage boxes and a neutralizing gas storage box are provided in the gas storage box; the gas treatment component further includes a second air pump and a gas detector. A plurality of gas adsorption holes are provided on one side end face of the first maintenance box and the second maintenance box. The second air pump is connected to the gas adsorption holes, and the gas adsorption holes are respectively connected to the gas storage box and the neutralizing gas storage box. Carbon monoxide is stored in the neutralizing gas storage box.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the preliminary maintenance mechanism includes an ultrasonic leak detector, a preliminary adsorption mechanism, a sealed storage mechanism, a first maintenance box, and a second maintenance box. The preliminary adsorption mechanism includes an adsorption pad roll and a recovery roll. The adsorption pad roll is installed on the inner wall end face of the first maintenance box. An adsorption pad is wound on the adsorption pad roll. A fastening rope is connected between the adsorption pad and the recovery roll. The recovery roll is installed on the inner wall end face of the second maintenance box. An automatic retractable door is fixedly connected to the upper side end face of the second maintenance box where the recovery roll is located. A cutter is installed on one side end face of the automatic retractable door.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the adsorption pad includes an adsorption upper pad, and a plurality of adsorption columns are adhesively bonded to the bottom end face of the adsorption upper pad.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the cleaning mechanism includes a control base. The bottom end face of the control base is movably connected to a bottom plate. A first cleaning brush and a second cleaning brush that match the surfaces of the sodium-ion battery module, the connection piece, and the fixing plate are fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the bottom plate. The first cleaning brush and the second cleaning brush are fixedly connected.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the recycling and treatment component further includes a hydrogen fluoride gas detector, a second spray head, and a strengthened adsorption column. The hydrogen fluoride gas detector is installed on one side end face of the sealed storage mechanism. A plurality of cutting blades are fixedly connected to the top end face of the strengthened adsorption column. The strengthened adsorption column and the second adsorption and cleaning column are both connected to a first air pump. One side end face of the first air pump is connected to the waste residue storage box. One side end face of the second spray head is connected to the neutralizing powder storage box. A plurality of hot air delivery holes are provided on the second spray head, and the plurality of hot air delivery holes are connected to a hot air blower. Dry lime powder or calcium carbonate is stored in the neutralizing powder storage box.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, an adsorption brush plate matching the two side end faces of the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the bottom plate. Adsorption brush strips are adhered to the adsorption brush plate. A plurality of first spray holes and second adsorption holes are provided on both the adsorption brush strips and the adsorption brush plate. A second cleaning brush is fixedly connected between a pair of the adsorption brush strips on the bottom plate. A plurality of first adsorption cleaning columns and first spraying columns are provided on the middle end face of the second cleaning brush. The first spray holes and the first spraying columns are both connected to a neutral powder storage box. The first adsorption cleaning columns and the second adsorption holes are both connected to a first air pump.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a material storage mechanism is provided on one side end face of the outer housing of the sodium-ion battery module. The material storage mechanism includes a waste residue storage box and a matching box. The waste residue storage box is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the matching box. A slag guiding groove is formed in the waste residue storage box.

[0020] A sodium-ion battery cathode material, the sodium-ion battery cathode material includes a metal oxide, and one or more of magnesium ions, aluminum ions, titanium ions, fluoride ions, and sulfide ions are doped in the metal oxide. The outer end face of the metal oxide is sequentially wrapped with TiO2 and carbon nanofibers.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, a sodium-ion battery of the present invention has the following advantages;

[0022] When electrolyte leakage occurs between the battery and the upper cover, the electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism can be used for temporary treatment, reducing the risk caused by electrolyte leakage, improving the use safety of the battery, and prolonging the service life of the battery.

[0023] When contaminants enter between the battery and the upper cover, the cleaning mechanism can be used to clean them, preventing the battery from short-circuiting or accelerating the decomposition of the electrolyte due to the entry of air moisture into the interior.

[0024] The oxygen absorption mechanism is used to timely adsorb the leaked oxygen inside the battery, preventing the electrolyte decomposition and thermal runaway of the battery when oxygen leaks, and enhancing the use safety of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sodium-ion battery in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the first usage state of the sodium-ion battery in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the second usage state of the sodium-ion battery in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 For Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at position A;

[0031] Figure 6 For Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at position B;

[0032] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the sodium-ion battery in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 For Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at position C;

[0034] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the storage mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adsorption pad in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sodium-ion battery in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 For Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure at position D;

[0038] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electrolyte adsorption ball in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0039] Description of the main reference numerals:

[0040] 1 - Outer housing, 2 - Upper cover, 3 - Connecting piece, 4 - Sodium-ion battery module, 5 - Fixed plate, 6 - Electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism, 601 - Control base, 602 - Base plate, 603 - First cleaning brush, 604 - Adsorption brush strip, 605 - First spray hole, 606 - Second cleaning brush, 6061 - First spraying column, 6062 - First adsorption and cleaning column, 607 - Second spray head, 6071 - Hot air delivery hole, 608 - Reinforced adsorption column, 6081 - Cutting blade, 609 - Second adsorption and cleaning column, 610 - Adsorption brush plate, 611 - Second adsorption hole, 7 - Preliminary maintenance mechanism, 701 - First maintenance box, 702 - Total gas storage box, 8 - Sealed storage mechanism, 801 - Second maintenance box, 802 - Total waste gas storage box, 9 - Material storage mechanism, 901 - Waste residue storage box, 902 - Matching box, 903 - Slag guiding groove, 10 - Preliminary adsorption mechanism, 1001 - Adsorption pad roller, 1002 - Adsorption pad, 10021 - Upper adsorption pad, 10022 - Adsorption column, 1003 - Recycling roller, 11 - Mobile spraying and maintenance mechanism, 1101 - Mobile spraying seat, 1102 - Adsorption ball spray head, 12 - Slide rail, 13 - First chute, 14 - Battery control system, 15 - Electrolyte adsorption ball, 16 - Bursting layer, 17 - Fire extinguishing layer, 18 - Gas adsorption hole, 19 - Automatic retractable door, 1901 - Cutter. Detailed implementation manner

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art of this technology to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1, as Figures 1 - 10 shown, a sodium-ion battery in an embodiment of the present invention, a sodium-ion battery includes an outer housing 1, a connecting piece 3, a sodium-ion battery module 4, a fixed plate 5 and a battery control system 14. A sodium-ion battery further includes an electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism 6, a cleaning mechanism, an oxygen absorption mechanism and a material storage mechanism 9.

[0043] The cleaning mechanism is located on the top end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4. The cleaning mechanism matches multiple parts on the upper side end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4. The pollutants entering between the upper cover 2 and the sodium-ion battery module 4 are cleaned through the cleaning mechanism to prevent the battery from short-circuiting or accelerating the decomposition of the electrolyte due to the entry of air and moisture into the interior. Hot air is conveyed through the hot air delivery hole 6071 to dry the moisture and prevent the situation where moisture enters the interior and accelerates the decomposition of the electrolyte.

[0044] Further, the cleaning mechanism includes a control base 601. The bottom end face of the control base 601 is movably connected to a bottom plate 602, which is convenient for disassembling and fixing the bottom plate 602. The fixed connection between the control base 601 and the bottom plate 602 is one or a combination of snap connection, magnetic attraction connection, and bolt connection.

[0045] As Figures 4 - 6 shown, the bottom end face of the bottom plate 602 is fixedly connected with a first cleaning brush 603 and a second cleaning brush 606 that match the surfaces of the sodium-ion battery module 4, the connecting piece 3, and the fixing plate 5. The first cleaning brush 603 and the second cleaning brush 606 are fixedly connected, and the first cleaning brush 603 and the second cleaning brush 606 move on the sodium-ion battery module 4 to clean the pollutants accumulated above the sodium-ion battery module 4 into the slag guiding groove 903 for storage.

[0046] Further, one side end face of the control base 601 is fixedly connected with a cylinderless cylinder. The cylinderless cylinder drives the control base 601 to slide back and forth. The cylinderless cylinder is located on the inner wall end face of the first maintenance box 701. Slide rails 12 are provided on one side end faces of the first maintenance box 701 and the second maintenance box 801. A pair of opposite end faces of the control base 601 are slidably connected to the slide rails 12, and the cylinderless cylinder drives the control base 601 to slide on the upper side end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4 to clean the pollutants.

[0047] The electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism 6 is located on the upper side end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4. The electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism 6 includes a preliminary maintenance mechanism 7 and a post-maintenance mechanism. When electrolyte leakage occurs between the sodium-ion battery module 4 and the outer housing 1, after preliminary treatment by the preliminary maintenance mechanism 7, further cleaning is carried out by the post-maintenance mechanism to reduce the risk caused by electrolyte leakage and improve the use safety of the battery.

[0048] As Figures 1 - 10 shown, the preliminary maintenance mechanism 7 includes an ultrasonic leak detector, a preliminary adsorption mechanism 10, a sealed storage mechanism 8, a first maintenance box 701, and a second maintenance box 801. The ultrasonic leak detector is installed on one side end face of the inner wall of the outer housing 1. The preliminary adsorption mechanism 10 includes an adsorption pad reel 1001 and a recovery reel 1003. First chutes 13 are provided on both the first maintenance box 701 and the second maintenance box 801, and the adsorption pad 1002 passes through the first chutes 13.

[0049] The adsorption pad reel 1001 is installed on the inner wall end face of the first maintenance box 701. An adsorption pad 1002 is wound around the adsorption pad reel 1001. A fastening rope is connected between the adsorption pad 1002 and the recovery reel 1003. The recovery reel 1003 is installed on the inner wall end face of the second maintenance box 801.

[0050] The second maintenance box 801 is fixedly connected with an automatic retractable door 19 on the upper end face of the recycling roller 1003. A cutter 1901 is installed on one end face of the automatic retractable door 19. The automatic retractable door 19 can automatically close and open the space inside the second maintenance box 801 where the recycling roller 1003 is stored.

[0051] Specifically, when electrolyte leakage occurs between the sodium-ion battery module 4 and the outer casing 1, the ultrasonic leak detector gives an early warning, and the adsorption pad roller 1001 and the recycling roller 1003 are activated. The recycling roller 1003 drives the fastening rope to rotate, thereby driving the adsorption pad 1002 to move forward until it completely covers the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4. The adsorption pad 1002 abuts against the connecting piece 3, the sodium-ion battery module 4, and the top end face of the fixing plate 5 to adsorb the leaked electrolyte.

[0052] The adsorption pad 1002 includes an adsorption upper pad 10021. A plurality of adsorption columns 10022 are adhesively bonded to the bottom end face of the adsorption upper pad 10021. Depending on their own softness, the adsorption columns 10022 perform a conforming cleaning coverage on the top end faces of the connecting piece 3, the sodium-ion battery module 4, and the fixing plate 5, and initially adsorb the electrolyte. After the adsorption is completed, the recycling roller 1003 rotates to drive the adsorption pad 1002 to rotate. After the adsorption pad 1002 adsorbed with electrolyte is completely wound around the recycling roller 1003, the automatic retractable door 19 is activated and extends forward, thereby driving the cutter 1901 to move and cut the adsorption pad 1002 to disconnect the adsorption pad 1002. At this time, one end face of the automatic retractable door 19 completely abuts against the inner wall end face of the second maintenance box 801, sealing the space of the recycling roller 1003 stored in the second maintenance box 801 at this time, strengthening the sealing performance, and preventing the leakage of pollutants. When the staff performs later maintenance, it can be opened from the rear cover of the first maintenance box 701, the recycling roller 1003 can be taken out and replaced with a new one. After replacement, the fastening rope between the adsorption pad roller 1001 and the recycling roller 1003 can be connected and used again.

[0053] It should be noted that the materials of the adsorption columns 10022, the first adsorption cleaning column 6062, and the second adsorption cleaning column 609 are a mixture of graphene and cellulose. Cellulose is a natural polymer organic compound widely present in plant cell walls. It can increase the physical strength and chemical stability of the adsorption cotton and improve its specific surface area, thereby enhancing the adsorption performance. Graphene can further enhance its adsorption ability and stability. When graphene comes into contact with the electrolyte, its high specific surface area enables more electrolyte molecules to be adsorbed on the graphene surface. At the same time, the excellent electrical conductivity of graphene contributes to the rapid transfer of electrons between the electrolyte and the electrode. These interactions jointly promote the diffusion of the electrolyte on the graphene surface.

[0054] The post-maintenance mechanism includes a cleaning component and a recycling and treatment component. The cleaning component matches the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4. The cleaning component includes a first adsorption and cleaning column 6062 and a second adsorption and cleaning column 609. First adsorption holes are provided on the central end faces of the first adsorption and cleaning column 6062 and the second adsorption and cleaning column 609. The preliminary maintenance mechanism 7 preliminarily adsorbs the leaked electrolyte. The preliminary maintenance mechanism 7 and the post-maintenance mechanism slide on the inner wall end face of the outer housing 1. The outer end faces of the first adsorption and cleaning column 6062 and the second adsorption and cleaning column 609 are made of flexible materials, and the first adsorption and cleaning column 6062 and the second adsorption and cleaning column 609 can clean and adsorb the leaked electrolyte on the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4.

[0055] The recycling and treatment component further includes a hydrogen fluoride gas detector, a second spray head 607, and a strengthened adsorption column 608. The hydrogen fluoride gas detector is installed on one end face of the sealed storage mechanism 8. One end face of the second spray head 607 is connected to a neutralizing powder storage box, and the neutralizing powder storage box stores dry lime powder or calcium carbonate.

[0056] It should be noted that the electrolyte contains NaPF6 and when it leaks and meets water, for example, in a humid environment, water enters between the sodium-ion battery module 4 and the upper cover 2, and trace amounts of HF may be generated, which poses hazards to the surrounding environment and human health. At this time, the generated HF needs to be processed again. By spraying dry lime powder or calcium carbonate through the second spray head 607, it can react with HF to neutralize HF and form calcium fluoride precipitate. The reaction formula involved is as follows;

[0057] CaO + 2HF → CaF2↓ + H2O

[0058] After the calcium fluoride precipitate is generated, the calcium fluoride needs to be processed secondary. A plurality of cutting blades 6081 are fixedly connected to the top end face of the strengthened adsorption column 608, and the large pieces of adsorbed calcium fluoride are cut by the cutting blades 6081 to facilitate subsequent adsorption.

[0059] The bottom plate 602 is fixedly connected with a second cleaning brush 606 between a pair of adsorption brush strips 604. A plurality of first adsorption cleaning columns 6062 and first spraying columns 6061 are arranged on the middle end face of the second cleaning brush 606. The strengthening adsorption column 608, the second adsorption cleaning column 609, the second adsorption holes 611 and the first adsorption cleaning columns 6062 are all connected to a first air pump. The first air pump is connected to a gas delivery main pipe, and the gas delivery main pipe is connected to gas delivery branch pipes. The gas delivery branch pipes are respectively connected to the strengthening adsorption column 608, the second adsorption holes 611, the second adsorption cleaning column 609 and the first adsorption cleaning columns 6062 to convey negative pressure. The opposite end faces of a pair of the waste residue storage boxes are respectively connected to the gas delivery main pipe. After adsorbing the waste residue, it is conveyed into the waste residue storage box for storage. It is conveyed to the strengthening adsorption column 608, the second adsorption holes 611, the second adsorption cleaning column 609 and the first adsorption cleaning columns 6062 through the negative pressure generated by the first air pump to adsorb the calcium carbonate on the top end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4 and then conveyed into the waste residue storage box for storage.

[0060] Of course, in order to prevent the generation of HF and when moisture enters between the upper cover 2 and the outer shell 1 due to poor sealing, it is necessary to evaporate the moisture. A plurality of hot air delivery holes 6071 are opened on the second nozzle 607. The plurality of hot air delivery holes 6071 are connected to a hot air blower through a first delivery pipe. A humidity sensor is arranged on the inner wall end face of the outer shell 1. When the humidity sensor monitors that there is moisture in the air, the hot air delivery holes 6071 are started to convey hot air to dry the moisture, preventing the generation of HF and the intrusion of water into the battery interior. At the same time, when moisture enters between the outer shell 1 and the upper cover 2 due to poor sealing, the hot air is conveyed through the hot air delivery holes 6071 to dry the moisture.

[0061] The bottom end face of the bottom plate 602 is fixedly connected with an adsorption brush plate 610 that matches the two side end faces of the connecting piece 3. Adsorption brush strips 604 are bonded on the adsorption brush plate 610. A plurality of first spray holes 605 and second adsorption holes 611 are arranged on both the adsorption brush strips 604 and the adsorption brush plate 610. The second nozzle 607, the first spray holes 605 and the first spraying columns 6061 are all connected to a neutralizing powder storage box. Dry lime powder or calcium carbonate is sprayed through the second nozzle 607, the first spray holes 605 and the first spraying columns 6061 to neutralize the leaked HF.

[0062] Specifically, multiple adsorption brush strips 604, a second cleaning brush 606, and an adsorption brush plate 610 fixedly connected to the bottom plate 602 match the gaps between the multiple connecting pieces 3 and the sodium-ion battery module 4 and the top end faces of the connecting pieces 3. When electrolyte leaks, electrolyte is most likely to appear between the sodium-ion battery module 4 and the connecting pieces 3. At this time, the adsorption brush strips 604 can well fit the gaps between the sodium-ion battery module 4 and the connecting pieces 3 and wipe them back and forth, and at the same time, the adsorption brush strips 604 and the adsorption brush plate 610 will not affect the connection between the sodium-ion battery module 4 and the connecting pieces 3.

[0063] Among them, injection mechanisms are connected between the second nozzle 607, the first injection hole 605, and the first spraying column 6061 and the neutralizing powder storage box. Through the injection mechanisms, the dry lime powder or calcium carbonate stored in the neutralizing powder storage box is ejected.

[0064] The oxygen absorption mechanism is located on the inner wall end face of the outer housing 1. The oxygen absorption mechanism includes a gas treatment component and a storage component. The gas treatment component includes gas adsorption holes 18, and the gas adsorption holes 18 adsorb the leaked gas;

[0065] The gas treatment component further includes a second air pump and a gas detector. A plurality of gas adsorption holes 18 are provided on one side end face of each of the first maintenance box 701 and the second maintenance box 801. The second air pump is connected to the gas adsorption holes 18, and the gas adsorption holes 18 are respectively connected to a gas storage box and a neutralizing gas storage box. Carbon monoxide is stored in the neutralizing gas storage box.

[0066] Specifically, when a sodium-ion battery undergoes thermal runaway, the temperature inside the battery rises sharply, resulting in the decomposition of the electrolyte. The decomposition of the electrolyte produces various gases, including hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and ethylene, etc. The generation of these gases is due to the chemical components in the electrolyte reacting at high temperatures and releasing gases, posing a great threat to the safety of the battery. When the gas detector monitors that the battery is out of control and there are multiple gas leaks inside the battery, the second air pump is started to convey negative pressure through the second delivery pipe into the gas adsorption holes 18 to adsorb the gas in the air, and the gas is conveyed through the third delivery pipe to the gas storage box for storage.

[0067] Preferably, an optical oxygen sensor is installed on one side end face outside the preliminary maintenance mechanism 7. When the battery leaks oxygen alone during a long-term operation process, the optical oxygen sensor monitors the oxygen leakage, and the neutralizing gas storage box is started to convey carbon monoxide through the fourth delivery pipe into the multiple gas adsorption holes 18 to react with the oxygen in the air to generate carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide can cool the inside of the battery and extend the service life of the battery.

[0068] Among them, oxygen reacts with carbon monoxide → to generate carbon dioxide CO2

[0069] Reaction formula:

[0070] 2CO + O2 → 2CO2

[0071] The storage component includes a total gas storage box 702 and a total waste gas storage box 802. The bottom end face of the second maintenance box 801 is provided with the total waste gas storage box 802. Inside the total waste gas storage box 802, there are a waste residue storage box, a waste gas storage box, and a neutralizing powder storage box; inside the total gas storage box 702, there are multiple gas storage boxes and a neutralizing gas storage box.

[0072] Preferably, some of the multiple gas storage boxes are used to store adsorbed waste gas, and some gas storage boxes store carbon dioxide, which can be transported outward through the gas adsorption holes 18 to cool the battery.

[0073] The material storage mechanism 9 is located on one end face of the electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism 6. The material storage mechanism 9 is matched with the electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism 6 and the cleaning mechanism. The material storage mechanism 9 includes a waste residue storage box 901 and a matching box 902. The bottom end face of the matching box 902 is fixedly connected to the waste residue storage box 901. The matching box 902 is matched with the electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism 6. A slag guiding groove 903 is opened on the waste residue storage box 901. The bottom end face of the electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism 6 is located inside the inner end face of the matching box 902, and the upper end face of the electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism 6 is completely attached to the inner wall of the matching box 902.

[0074] Specifically, after the electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism 6 finishes cleaning the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4, it can be controlled to push the cleaned impurities into the slag guiding groove 903 and drop into the waste residue storage box 901 for storage.

[0075] As Figure 13 shown, the positive electrode material of the sodium-ion battery includes metal oxides, and the metal oxides are doped with one or a mixture of magnesium ions, aluminum ions, titanium ions, fluoride ions, and sulfide ions. Adding magnesium ions, aluminum ions, and titanium ions to the positive electrode material can stabilize the layered structure and inhibit phase change and volume expansion. Doping with fluoride ions, sulfide ions, etc. enhances the structural stability and reduces oxygen evolution.

[0076] The outer end face of the metal oxide is sequentially wrapped with TiO2 and carbon nanofibers. TiO2 is an inert material for coating, which can reduce side reactions of the electrolyte, and carbon nanofibers can improve electronic conductivity.

[0077] When in use, as Figure 2As shown, when impurities appear on the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4 due to poor sealing, the electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism 6 can be controlled to slide on the preliminary maintenance mechanism 7 and the sealed storage mechanism 8, so as to control the first cleaning brush 603 and the adsorption brush strip 604 to clean the surface dust of the battery into the slag guiding groove 903.

[0078] As Figure 2 shown, when electrolyte leakage occurs on the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4, especially between the connecting piece 3 and the sodium-ion battery module 4, the electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism 6 can be controlled to move, thereby driving a plurality of second adsorption and cleaning columns 609, adsorption brush strips 604, and first adsorption and cleaning columns 6062 to adsorb the electrolyte, and adsorb and precipitate for 1-2 minutes for complete adsorption.

[0079] When a small amount of HF leaks, it will cause harm to the surrounding environment and human health. At this time, the generated HF needs to be processed again. By spraying dry lime powder or calcium carbonate through the second spray head 607, the first spraying column 6061, and the first spray hole 605, it can react with HF to neutralize HF and generate calcium fluoride precipitate;

[0080] After the calcium fluoride precipitates, it is adsorbed through the second adsorption hole 611, the enhanced adsorption column 608, the first adsorption and cleaning column 6062, and the first adsorption hole of the second adsorption and cleaning column 609, and the calcium fluoride is transported to the waste residue storage box in the total waste gas storage box 802 for storage. At the same time, the first cleaning brush 603 and the adsorption brush strip 604 can clean the remaining calcium fluoride into the slag guiding groove 903.

[0081] Example 2, as Figures 11 - 13 shown, the preliminary maintenance mechanism 7 includes an ultrasonic leak detector and a mobile spraying maintenance mechanism 11. The mobile spraying maintenance mechanism 11 includes a mobile spraying seat 1101. A plurality of adsorption ball spray heads 1102 are fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the mobile spraying seat 1101. A third air pump is arranged in the adsorption ball spray head 1102, and the adsorption ball spray head 1102 is respectively connected to the preliminary maintenance supply box and the third air pump. The third air pump is connected to the waste residue storage box in the total waste gas storage box 802 through a waste residue conveying pipe;

[0082] The ultrasonic leak detector is installed on one side end face of the mobile spraying seat 1101 to detect the leaked electrolyte. If leakage is detected, the mobile spraying seat 1101 is started to move to the leakage point to accurately spray the electrolyte adsorption ball 15 to adsorb the electrolyte.

[0083] The preliminary maintenance supply box is installed on the inner wall end face of the first maintenance box 701. A plurality of electrolyte adsorption balls 15 are stored in the preliminary maintenance supply box. When electrolyte leakage occurs on the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module 4, by controlling the movement of the movable spraying seat 1101 on the preliminary maintenance mechanism 7 and the sealed storage mechanism 8, a plurality of adsorption ball nozzles 1102 are driven to accurately spray the leaked electrolyte. At this time, a plurality of electrolyte adsorption balls 15 are stacked on the upper side of the electrolyte to adsorb the leaked electrolyte. After the adsorption is completed, the adsorption ball nozzles 1102 are used to adsorb and convey them to the waste residue storage box for storage.

[0084] A bursting layer 16 and a fire extinguishing layer 17 are sequentially arranged inside the electrolyte adsorption ball 15. The electrolyte adsorption ball 15 is a mixture of one or more of cellulose and activated carbon, and adsorbs the leaked electrolyte.

[0085] The bursting layer 16 is a mixture of multiple of magnesium powder, potassium nitrate, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, carbonate (which can be SrCO3), phosphate, silicate and silica.

[0086] Potassium nitrate can generate potassium oxide solid particles, nitrogen and a small amount of oxygen. Nitrogen dilutes oxygen, and potassium oxide particles adsorb free radicals such as OH· to interrupt the combustion chain reaction. Epoxy resin and phenolic resin can fix the structure of the agent, slow down the combustion speed and avoid the risk of deflagration. Carbonate and phosphate can neutralize acidic by-products such as NO2, reduce the corrosion of equipment, and silicate and silica can control the reaction temperature to prevent local overheating from igniting surrounding combustibles.

[0087] The fire extinguishing layer 17 is perfluoropentanone, which can quickly reduce the temperature of the fire scene during a fire and cut off the combustion chain reaction.

[0088] Furthermore, a first partition layer is arranged between the electrolyte adsorption ball 15 and the bursting layer 16, and a second partition layer is arranged between the bursting layer 16 and the fire extinguishing layer 17. Both the first partition layer and the second partition layer are made of polyethylene.

[0089] Specifically, when a fire occurs inside the battery, the adsorption ball nozzles 1102 can spray the electrolyte adsorption balls 15 into the fire source. At this time, the surface of the electrolyte adsorption balls 15 burns, and the bursting layer 16 and the fire extinguishing layer 17 contact the fire source for fire extinguishing treatment.

[0090] During use, when electrolyte leakage occurs on the surface of the sodium-ion battery module 4, the ultrasonic leak detector gives an early warning. The adsorption ball nozzles 1102 can be controlled to eject a plurality of electrolyte adsorption balls 15 to adsorb the electrolyte. After the adsorption is completed, a negative pressure is output through the adsorption ball nozzles 1102 to adsorb the plurality of electrolyte adsorption balls 15 at this time and convey them to the waste residue storage box for storage.

[0091] When a fire source appears inside the battery, the temperature sensor detects it immediately, and sprays a plurality of electrolyte adsorption balls 15 through the adsorption ball nozzle 1102, and extinguishes the fire source under the action of the bursting layer 16 and the fire extinguishing layer.

[0092] The difference between Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 lies in the different ways of preliminary maintenance for electrolyte leakage. Embodiment 1 uses the cooperation of the mobile spraying seat 1101 and the recovery roller 1003, and uses the adsorption pad 1002 to adsorb the leaked electrolyte, and then conducts subsequent treatment. While Embodiment 2 uses the adsorption ball nozzle 1102 to spray a plurality of electrolyte adsorption balls 15 to adsorb the leaked electrolyte, which is suitable for use with large-volume batteries, with accurate spraying and fast adsorption efficiency.

[0093] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0094] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A sodium-ion battery, characterized in that, It includes a housing, a connecting piece, a sodium-ion battery module, a fixing plate and a battery control system, and is characterized in that it includes: An electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism is located on the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module. The electrolyte leakage maintenance mechanism includes a preliminary maintenance mechanism and a post-maintenance mechanism. The preliminary maintenance mechanism includes a mobile spraying maintenance mechanism. The mobile spraying maintenance mechanism includes a mobile spraying seat. A plurality of adsorption ball nozzles are fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the mobile spraying seat. The adsorption ball nozzles are connected to a preliminary maintenance supply box. The preliminary maintenance supply box is installed on the inner wall end face of the first maintenance box. A plurality of electrolyte adsorption balls are stored in the preliminary maintenance supply box. An explosion layer and a fire extinguishing layer are sequentially arranged inside the electrolyte adsorption balls; A cleaning mechanism is located on the top end face of the sodium-ion battery module. The cleaning mechanism is matched with multiple parts on the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module; An oxygen absorption mechanism is located on the inner wall end face of the housing. The oxygen absorption mechanism includes a gas treatment component and a storage component. The gas treatment component includes gas adsorption holes, and the gas adsorption holes adsorb the leaked gas.

2. The sodium-ion battery according to claim 1, wherein, The post-maintenance mechanism includes a cleaning component and a recycling and treatment component. The cleaning component is matched with the upper end face of the sodium-ion battery module. The cleaning component includes a first adsorption cleaning column and a second adsorption cleaning column. First adsorption holes are arranged on the central end faces of the first adsorption cleaning column and the second adsorption cleaning column. The preliminary maintenance mechanism preliminarily adsorbs the leaked electrolyte. The preliminary maintenance mechanism and the post-maintenance mechanism slide on the inner wall end face of the housing; The electrolyte adsorption balls and the second adsorption cleaning column are made of one or a mixture of cellulose, polystyrene and activated carbon. The explosion layer is a mixture of multiple substances such as magnesium powder, potassium nitrate, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, carbonate, phosphate, silicate and silicon dioxide. The fire extinguishing layer is perfluoromethylcyclohexanone.

3. A sodium-ion battery according to claim 2, wherein It further includes a sodium-ion battery cathode material, the sodium-ion battery cathode material includes a metal oxide, and one or more of magnesium ions, aluminum ions, titanium ions, fluoride ions, and sulfide ions are doped in the metal oxide. The outer end face of the metal oxide is sequentially wrapped with and carbon nanofibers.

4. A sodium ion battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preliminary maintenance mechanism includes an ultrasonic leak detector, a preliminary adsorption mechanism, a sealed storage mechanism, a first maintenance box and a second maintenance box. The preliminary adsorption mechanism includes an adsorption pad reel and a recovery reel. The adsorption pad reel is installed on the inner wall end face of the first maintenance box. An adsorption pad is wound on the adsorption pad reel. A fastening rope is connected between the adsorption pad and the recovery reel. The recovery reel is installed on the inner wall end face of the second maintenance box. An automatic retractable door is fixedly connected to the upper side end face of the second maintenance box where the recovery reel is located. A cutter is installed on one side end face of the automatic retractable door.

5. A sodium-ion battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The storage component includes a total gas storage box and a total waste gas storage box. An exhaust gas storage box is arranged on the bottom end face of the second maintenance box. A waste residue storage box, an exhaust gas storage box and a neutralizing powder storage box are arranged in the total waste gas storage box. A plurality of gas storage boxes and a neutralizing gas storage box are arranged in the total gas storage box; The gas treatment component further includes a second air pump and a gas detector. A plurality of gas adsorption holes are provided on one end face of each of the first maintenance box and the second maintenance box. The second air pump is connected to the gas adsorption holes, and the gas adsorption holes are respectively connected to a gas storage box and a neutralizing gas storage box. Carbon monoxide is stored in the neutralizing gas storage box.

6. A sodium ion battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adsorption pad includes an upper adsorption pad, and a plurality of adsorption columns are adhesively bonded to the bottom end face of the upper adsorption pad.

7. A sodium-ion battery according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism includes a control base. The bottom end face of the control base is movably connected to a bottom plate. The bottom end face of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a first cleaning brush and a second cleaning brush that match the surfaces of the sodium-ion battery module, the connecting piece, and the fixing plate. The first cleaning brush and the second cleaning brush are fixedly connected.

8. A sodium-ion battery according to claim 6, characterized in that, The recycling and treatment component further includes a hydrogen fluoride gas detector, a second spray head, and a strengthened adsorption column. The hydrogen fluoride gas detector is installed on one end face of the sealed storage mechanism. A plurality of cutting blades are fixedly connected to the top end face of the strengthened adsorption column. The strengthened adsorption column and the second adsorption cleaning column are both connected to a first air pump. One end face of the first air pump is connected to a waste residue storage box. One end face of the second spray head is connected to a neutralizing powder storage box. A plurality of hot air delivery holes are provided in the second spray head, and the plurality of hot air delivery holes are connected to a hot air blower. Dry lime powder or calcium carbonate is stored in the neutralizing powder storage box.

9. A sodium ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom end face of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with an adsorption brush plate that matches the two side end faces of the connecting piece. Adsorption brush strips are adhesively bonded to the adsorption brush plate. A plurality of first spray holes and second adsorption holes are provided on both the adsorption brush strips and the adsorption brush plate. A second cleaning brush is fixedly connected to the bottom plate between a pair of the adsorption brush strips. A plurality of first adsorption cleaning columns and first spraying columns are provided on the middle end face of the second cleaning brush. The first spray holes and the first spraying columns are both connected to the neutralizing powder storage box. The first adsorption cleaning columns and the second adsorption holes are both connected to the first air pump.

10. A sodium-ion battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, A material storage mechanism is provided on one end face of the outer shell body on the side of the sodium-ion battery module. The material storage mechanism includes a waste residue storage box and a matching box. The waste residue storage box is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the matching box. A slag guiding groove is provided on the waste residue storage box.

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