Tight coupling ultra wide band array antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a tight-coupling ultra-wideband array antenna, and the antenna comprises a dielectric supporting layer which is provided with a first supporting surface and a second supporting surface which are opposite to each other; the antenna radiation layer is located on the first supporting surface, the antenna radiation layer comprises a plurality of feed buses and a plurality of antenna units distributed in an array mode, the antenna units at least comprise two radiation units and two coupling units, the feed buses at least comprise one radiation feed bus and one coupling feed bus, and the coupling feed buses at least comprise one coupling feed bus and one coupling feed bus. Each radiation feed bus is connected with a plurality of radiation units, and each coupling feed bus is connected with a plurality of coupling units; and the antenna reflecting layer is positioned on the second supporting surface. The bandwidth of the array antenna is greatly improved through the strong coupling effect between the adjacent radiation unit and coupling unit; and the feed bus and the antenna units are arranged on the same layer, so that the profile thickness of the antenna can be reduced, the feed bus can participate in strong coupling, and the relative bandwidth of the antenna is further increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and particularly to a tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna. Background Art

[0002] In modern communication systems, as a device for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves into space, an antenna plays a decisive role in communication performance. A microstrip antenna is an antenna unit formed by attaching a conductor thin sheet on a dielectric substrate with a conductor ground plane, and it is a resonant antenna. The high-Q (high-power) resonant characteristic determines that its input impedance is very sensitive to frequency changes. Compared with other forms of antennas, the microstrip patch antenna has a narrow frequency band, and the relative bandwidth is usually 0.1 - 3%, and the maximum generally does not exceed 10%. An array antenna formed by arranging multiple antenna units in a certain pattern can utilize the superposition of electromagnetic waves to strengthen the radiation signal in a specific direction, and is widely used in various fields.

[0003] Currently, wireless communication and radar technologies are developing rapidly. As an important component, higher requirements are imposed on antennas, and miniaturization, ultra-wideband, low profile, and integration have gradually become the development directions. However, traditional array antennas cannot well meet these conditions. To overcome the narrowband limitation of microstrip array antennas and adapt to the continuously developing wideband application requirements, it is of great significance to conduct research on ultra-wideband array antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the disadvantages and deficiencies existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna to solve the problems of narrow bandwidth and thick profile of microstrip array antennas in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna, including:

[0007] A dielectric support layer having a first support surface and a second support surface arranged oppositely;

[0008] An antenna radiation layer located on the first support surface, the antenna radiation layer including a plurality of feed buses and a plurality of antenna units arranged in an array. At least two radiation units and two coupling units are included in the plurality of antenna units. At least one radiation feed bus and one coupling feed bus are included in the plurality of feed buses. Each radiation feed bus is connected to a plurality of the radiation units, and each coupling feed bus is connected to a plurality of the coupling units;

[0009] An antenna reflection layer located on the second support surface.

[0010] Further, among the multiple antenna units, there is at least one row / column of the radiation units and one row / column of the coupling units. One row / column of the radiation units and one row / column of the coupling units are arranged in parallel with each other. Each row / column of the radiation units has at least two radiation units, each row / column of the coupling units has at least two coupling units. Each radiation feed bus connects one row / column of the radiation units, and each coupling feed bus connects one row / column of the coupling units.

[0011] Further, among the multiple antenna units, there are multiple rows / columns of the radiation units and multiple rows / columns of the coupling units. One row / column of the radiation units and one row / column of the coupling units are alternately arranged in the column / row direction. Among the multiple feed buses, there are at least multiple radiation feed buses and multiple coupling feed buses. The number of the radiation feed buses is the same as the number of rows / columns of the radiation units, and the number of the coupling feed buses is the same as the number of rows / columns of the coupling units.

[0012] Further, the number of the radiation units in each row / column of the radiation units is the same as the number of the coupling units in each row / column of the coupling units, and they are in one-to-one correspondence.

[0013] Further, the number of rows / columns of the radiation units is the same as the number of rows / columns of the coupling units, and the number of the radiation feed buses is the same as the number of the coupling feed buses.

[0014] Further, the radiation feed buses and the coupling feed buses extend along the row / column direction. One row / column of the radiation units, one radiation feed bus, one row / column of the coupling units, and one coupling feed bus are alternately arranged in the column / row direction in sequence.

[0015] Further, among the multiple antenna units, there are at least two composite units. Among the multiple feed buses, there is at least one composite feed bus. Each composite feed bus connects multiple composite units. The composite units are reused as radiation units and coupling units, and the composite feed buses are reused as radiation feed buses and coupling feed buses;

[0016] Among the multiple antenna units, there is one row / column of radiation units, one row / column of coupling units, and at least one row / column of composite units. At least one row / column of composite units is located between one row / column of radiation units and one row / column of coupling units. Each row / column of composite units has at least two composite units. Each composite feed bus connects one row / column of composite units. Among the multiple feed buses, there is one radiation feed bus, one coupling feed bus, and at least one composite feed bus. The number of the composite feed buses is the same as the number of rows / columns of the composite units.

[0017] Further, the size of the radiation unit is the same as that of the coupling unit.

[0018] Further, the center-to-center spacing between the radiation unit and the adjacent coupling unit is 110 - 120 mm, the center-to-center spacing between two adjacent radiation units is 170 - 180 mm, and the center-to-center spacing between two adjacent coupling units is 170 - 180 mm.

[0019] Further, the antenna reflection layer is a whole-surface structure and covers the second support surface entirely.

[0020] Further, the dielectric support layer is made of a flexible material or has a flexible structure.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By closely arranging the radiation unit and the coupling unit in the antenna unit, the strong coupling effect between adjacent radiation units and coupling units greatly improves the bandwidth of the array antenna; and by arranging the feed bus and the antenna unit on the same layer, not only can the profile thickness of the antenna be reduced, but also the feed bus can participate in the strong coupling effect, further increasing the relative bandwidth of the antenna. Under the same conditions, the relative bandwidth of the existing single microstrip array antenna is about 7%, while the relative bandwidth in this application can reach more than 26%, greatly improving the performance of the antenna. In addition, the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna structure in this application is simple, with the advantages of easy processing and easy conformal shaping, making it have good development prospects in wireless communication and miniaturization design applications. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the planar structural schematic diagram of the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in

[0024] Figure 3 is one of the planar structural schematic diagrams of another tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is the other planar structural schematic diagram of another tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is the S11 curve simulation diagram of the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is the antenna gain simulation diagram of the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7It is a schematic plan view of the tightly-coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic plan view of the tightly-coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: dielectric support layer 10, first support surface 101, second support surface 102, antenna radiation layer 20, antenna element 21, radiation element 211, coupling element 212, composite element 213, feed bus 22, radiation feed bus 221, coupling feed bus 222, composite feed bus 223, antenna reflection layer 30. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following, in conjunction with the drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation manners, structures, features and effects of the tightly-coupled ultra-wideband array antenna according to the present invention as follows:

[0032] [Embodiment 1]

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure view of the tightly-coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 It is Figure 1 a schematic plan view of the tightly-coupled ultra-wideband array antenna therein.

[0034] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a tightly-coupled ultra-wideband array antenna provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes:

[0035] A dielectric support layer 10, the dielectric support layer 10 has a first support surface 101 and a second support surface 102 which are oppositely arranged, so as to Figure 1 take as a reference, the first support surface 101 is the upper surface of the dielectric support layer 10, and the second support surface 102 is the lower surface of the dielectric support layer 10. Among them, the dielectric support layer 10 adopts a flexible material or a flexible structure. For example, the dielectric support layer 10 is composed of hard aramid paper honeycombs, with a size of 255mm * 300mm * 16mm. Due to the honeycomb structure, even if it is a hard material, it has a certain flexibility, so that the tightly-coupled ultra-wideband array antenna has a certain flexibility, can be bent and conformal, and is consistent with the outer shape structure of the platform where the antenna is installed, greatly improving the antenna integration and space utilization rate, and having the advantages of easy conformal, stretchable and stable performance.

[0036] The antenna radiation layer 20 is located on the first support surface 101. The antenna radiation layer 20 includes a plurality of feed buses 22 and a plurality of antenna elements 21 distributed in an array. That is, both the feed buses 22 and the antenna elements 21 are located within the antenna radiation layer 20 and are made of the same metal film layer. At least two radiation elements 211 and two coupling elements 212 are included in the plurality of antenna elements 21. At least one radiation feed bus 221 and one coupling feed bus 222 are included in the plurality of feed buses 22. Each radiation feed bus 221 is connected to a plurality of radiation elements 211, and each coupling feed bus 222 is connected to a plurality of coupling elements 212. The radiation elements 211 and the coupling elements 212 are insulated and spaced apart from each other, and the radiation feed bus 221 and the coupling feed bus 222 are insulated and spaced apart from each other. Among them, a feed signal is applied to the radiation elements 211 through the radiation feed bus 221, while a feed signal may not be applied to the coupling elements 212 and the coupling feed bus 222. The coupling elements 212 are used to couple with the radiation elements 211, and the coupling feed bus 222 only connects the plurality of coupling elements 212 together.

[0037] The antenna reflection layer 30 is located on the second support surface 102. The antenna reflection layer 30 refers to a conductive curved surface or plane in the antenna that reflects the electromagnetic waves emitted by the feed source in a certain direction according to certain requirements to enhance the emission effect, and is generally composed of metals such as aluminum, copper, titanium, magnesium, stainless steel, and iron. Among them, the antenna reflection layer 30 is a whole surface structure and covers the second support surface 102 entirely. The antenna reflection layer 30 can be composed of a polyimide copper-clad film with a thickness of 50 microns and is attached to the second support surface 102 of the dielectric support layer 10.

[0038] Furthermore, at least one row of radiation elements 211 and one row of coupling elements 212 are included in the plurality of antenna elements 21. One row of radiation elements 211 and one row of coupling elements 212 are arranged parallel to each other. Each row of radiation elements 211 has at least two radiation elements 211, and each row of coupling elements 212 has at least two coupling elements 212. Each radiation feed bus 221 is connected to one row of radiation elements 211, and each coupling feed bus 222 is connected to one row of coupling elements 212. The number of radiation elements 211 in each row of radiation elements 211 is the same as the number of coupling elements 212 in each row of coupling elements 212 and they are in one-to-one correspondence.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, among the multiple antenna units 21, there is a row of radiation units 211 and a row of coupling units 212. The row of radiation units 211 and the row of coupling units 212 are arranged in parallel with each other. Each row of radiation units 211 has two radiation units 211, and each row of coupling units 212 has two coupling units 212, that is, the number of antenna units 21 is 2 * 2 = 4. In other embodiments, Figure 3 is one of the schematic diagrams of the planar structure of another tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in the first embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 3 shown, each row of radiation units 211 has three radiation units 211, and each row of coupling units 212 has three coupling units 212, that is, the number of antenna units 21 is 2 * 3 = 6; or, Figure 4 is the second schematic diagram of the planar structure of another tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in the first embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 4 shown, each row of radiation units 211 has four radiation units 211, and each row of coupling units 212 has four coupling units 212, that is, the number of antenna units 21 is 2 * 4 = 8. Of course, the number of radiation units 211 in each row of radiation units 211 and the number of coupling units 212 in each row of coupling units 212 can be set according to actual needs and are not limited thereto.

[0040] Furthermore, the number of radiation feed buses 221 is the same as the number of rows of radiation units 211, and the number of coupling feed buses 222 is the same as the number of rows of coupling units 212. That is, in this embodiment, the number of radiation feed buses 221 and the number of coupling feed buses 222 are both one. The radiation feed bus 221 and the coupling feed bus 222 extend along the row direction. A row of radiation units 211, a radiation feed bus 221, a row of coupling units 212, and a coupling feed bus 222 are arranged in sequence in the column direction, so that the coupling feed bus 222 can also have a strong coupling effect with the radiation units 211, and the coupling units 212 can also have a strong coupling effect with the radiation feed bus 221, further increasing the relative bandwidth of the antenna.

[0041] Further, the size of the radiation element 211 is the same as that of the coupling element 212, which facilitates the design and layout. The size of the radiation element 211 and the coupling element 212 is 85 - 95 mm * 90 - 100 mm, for example, 90 mm * 96.5 mm. The center-to-center spacing between the radiation element 211 and the adjacent coupling element 212 is 110 - 120 mm, for example, 115 mm; the center-to-center spacing between two adjacent radiation elements 211 is 170 - 180 mm, for example, 178 mm; the center-to-center spacing between two adjacent coupling elements 212 is 170 - 180 mm, for example, 178 mm. The line width of the feed bus 22 is 5 mm. Of course, its size can be enlarged or reduced proportionally according to the actual situation. The specific parameters in this embodiment are obtained through simulation optimization according to the calculation formula of the microstrip patch antenna. They are a set of optimized and best parameters, that is, the specific parameter ratio in this embodiment is the best set of parameters currently, and the performance of its antenna is the best.

[0042] Figure 5 It is the simulation diagram of the S11 curve of the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in the present invention. Figure 6 It is the simulation diagram of the antenna gain of the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in the present invention. From Figure 5 and Figure 6 it can be seen that the center frequency of the S11 curve of the radiation element 211 in this application is about 1.15 GHz, the bandwidth reaches 28.7% (0.98 GHz - 1.31 GHz), and the maximum gain of the antenna is 10.6 dB.

[0043] In summary, by arranging the radiation element 211 and the coupling element 212 closely in the antenna element 21, the strong coupling effect between the adjacent radiation element 211 and the coupling element 212 greatly improves the bandwidth of the array antenna; and by arranging the feed bus 22 and the antenna element 21 on the same layer, not only can the profile thickness of the antenna be reduced, but also the feed bus 22 can participate in the strong coupling effect, further increasing the relative bandwidth of the antenna. Under the same conditions, the relative bandwidth of the existing single microstrip array antenna is about 7%, while the relative bandwidth in this application can reach more than 26% (28.7%), greatly improving the performance of the antenna. In addition, the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in this application has a simple structure, and has the advantages of easy processing and easy conformal shaping, making it have good development prospects in wireless communication and miniaturized design applications.

[0044] The principle is as follows: Different from traditional array antennas, the antenna elements 21 of the tightly coupled array antenna in this application are closely arranged, so that a strong coupling capacitance is generated between adjacent radiation elements 211 and coupling elements 212. When the tightly coupled array antenna operates at a lower frequency, the distance between the array of antenna elements 21 and the antenna reflection layer 30 is less than a quarter of the wavelength, and the antenna elements 21 are inductive. The coupling capacitance between the radiation element 211 and the coupling element 212 can cancel out the inductive reactance and the equivalent capacitance of the element itself, making the input impedance of the tightly coupled array antenna approximately a pure resistance, thereby expanding the impedance matching bandwidth of the tightly coupled array antenna to the lower frequency. When the antenna operates at a higher frequency, the distance between the antenna elements 21 and the antenna reflection layer 30 is greater than a quarter of the wavelength, and the antenna elements 21 are capacitive. The coupling capacitance between the radiation element 211 and the coupling element 212 is superimposed on the capacitive reactance, resulting in a mismatch of the input impedance of the tightly coupled array antenna in the high-frequency band and reducing the cut-off frequency in the high-frequency band. Among them, the coupling effect has a greater impact on the low-frequency band and a smaller impact on the high-frequency band. Therefore, the overall bandwidth of the tightly coupled array antenna is increased.

[0045] [Embodiment 2]

[0046] Figure 7 It is a schematic plan view of the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As Figure 7 shown, the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is basically the same as the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in Embodiment 1 ( Figures 1 to 6 ), the difference being that in this embodiment:

[0047] Among the multiple antenna elements 21, there are multiple rows of radiation elements 211 and multiple rows of coupling elements 212, and one row of radiation elements 211 and one row of coupling elements 212 are alternately arranged in the column direction. Among the multiple feed buses 22, there are at least multiple radiation feed buses 221 and multiple coupling feed buses 222. The number of radiation feed buses 221 is the same as the number of rows of radiation elements 211, and the number of coupling feed buses 222 is the same as the number of rows of coupling elements 212.

[0048] Further, the number of rows of the radiation units 211 is the same as the number of rows of the coupling units 212, and the number of the radiation feed buses 221 is the same as the number of the coupling feed buses 222. In this embodiment, among the multiple antenna units 21, there are four rows of radiation units 211 and four rows of coupling units 212. Among the multiple feed buses 22, there are four radiation feed buses 221 and four coupling feed buses 222. The radiation feed buses 221 and the coupling feed buses 222 extend along the row direction. One row of radiation units 211, one radiation feed bus 221, one row of coupling units 212, and one coupling feed bus 222 are alternately arranged in the column direction in sequence, so that the coupling feed bus 222 can also have a strong coupling effect with the upper and lower radiation units 211, and the coupling unit 212 can also have a strong coupling effect with the upper and lower radiation feed buses 221, further increasing the relative bandwidth of the antenna.

[0049] Among them, each row of radiation units 211 has two radiation units 211, and each row of coupling units 212 has two coupling units 212, that is, the number of antenna units 21 is 8 * 2 = 16. The number of radiation units 211 in each row of radiation units 211 and the number of coupling units 212 in each row of coupling units 212 can be set according to actual needs. The number of rows of radiation units 211 can be the same as the number of rows of coupling units 212, for example, both are four rows. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of rows of radiation units 211 may not be the same as the number of rows of coupling units 212, and the difference in the number can be one row. For example, the number of rows of radiation units 211 is four rows, and the number of rows of coupling units 212 is three rows; or the number of rows of radiation units 211 is three rows, and the number of rows of coupling units 212 is four rows.

[0050] In this embodiment, the number of rows of the radiation units 211 and the coupling units 212 can be incrementally expanded in sequence, while maintaining the stable performance of the antenna radiation units 211, having advantages such as wide frequency band and stable performance, and can be widely promoted and applied.

[0051] Those skilled in the art should understand that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and will not be elaborated here.

[0052] [Embodiment 3]

[0053] Figure 8 is a schematic plan view of the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. As Figure 8 shown, the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention is basically the same as the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna in Embodiment 1 ( Figures 1 to 6 ), the difference being that in this embodiment:

[0054] Among the multiple antenna units 21, there are at least two composite units 213. Among the multiple feed buses 22, there is at least one composite feed bus 223. Each composite feed bus 223 is connected to multiple composite units 213. The composite unit 213 is multiplexed as the radiation unit 211 and the coupling unit 212, that is, the composite unit 213 is used as both the radiation unit 211 and the coupling unit 212. The composite feed bus 223 is multiplexed as the radiation feed bus 221 and the coupling feed bus 222, that is, the composite feed bus 223 is used as both the radiation feed bus 221 and the coupling feed bus 222. To further enhance the coupling effect and increase the relative bandwidth of the antenna. Among them, the composite unit 213 is fed with a feed signal through the composite feed bus 223, so that the composite unit 213 is multiplexed as the radiation unit 211 and the coupling unit 212.

[0055] Among the multiple antenna units 21, there is a row of radiation units 211, a row of coupling units 212, and at least a row of composite units 213. At least a row of composite units 213 is located between a row of radiation units 211 and a row of coupling units 212. A row of composite units 213 has at least two composite units 213. Each composite feed bus 223 is connected to a row of composite units 213. Among the multiple feed buses 22, there is a radiation feed bus 221, a coupling feed bus 222, and at least a composite feed bus 223. The number of composite feed buses 223 is the same as the number of rows of composite units 213.

[0056] In this embodiment, there are six rows of composite units 213 and six composite feed buses 223. The radiation feed bus 221, the coupling feed bus 222, and the composite feed bus 223 extend along the row direction. The six rows of composite units 213 are located between a row of radiation units 211 and a row of coupling units 212. Among them, each row of radiation units 211 has two radiation units 211, each row of coupling units 212 has two coupling units 212, and each row of composite units 213 has two composite units 213. That is, the number of antenna units 21 is 8 * 2 = 16. The number of radiation units 211 in each row of radiation units 211, the number of coupling units 212 in each row of coupling units 212, and the number of composite units 213 in each row of composite units 213 can be set according to actual needs.

[0057] Those skilled in the art should understand that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0058] [Embodiment 4]

[0059] The tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention is the same as Embodiment 1 ( Figures 1 to 6 ), Embodiment 2 ( Figure 7 ), Embodiment 3 (Figure 8 ) is basically the same as the tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna, except that in this embodiment:

[0060] Among the multiple antenna units 21, there is at least one column of radiation units 211 and one column of coupling units 212. One column of radiation units 211 and one column of coupling units 212 are arranged in parallel with each other. Each column of radiation units 211 has at least two radiation units 211, each column of coupling units 212 has at least two coupling units 212, each radiation feed bus 221 is connected to one column of radiation units 211, and each coupling feed bus 222 is connected to one column of coupling units 212.

[0061] The number of radiation feed buses 221 is the same as the number of columns of radiation units 211, and the number of coupling feed buses 222 is the same as the number of columns of coupling units 212.

[0062] The number of radiation units 211 in each column of radiation units 211 is the same as the number of coupling units 212 in each column of coupling units 212, and they are in one-to-one correspondence.

[0063] The number of columns of radiation units 211 is the same as the number of columns of coupling units 212, and the number of radiation feed buses 221 is the same as the number of coupling feed buses 222.

[0064] The radiation feed bus 221 and the coupling feed bus 222 extend along the column direction. One column of radiation units 211, one radiation feed bus 221, one column of coupling units 212, and one coupling feed bus 222 are alternately arranged in the row direction in sequence.

[0065] That is, in this embodiment, that is, multiple radiation units 211 can also form one column, multiple coupling units 212 form one column, and the radiation feed bus 221 and the coupling feed bus 222 can extend along the column direction.

[0066] Of course, in another embodiment, at least two composite units 213 are included in the multiple antenna units 21, at least one composite feed bus 223 is included in the multiple feed buses 22, and each composite feed bus 223 is connected to multiple composite units 213. The composite unit 213 is multiplexed as the radiation unit 211 and the coupling unit 212, and the composite feed bus 223 is multiplexed as the radiation feed bus 221 and the coupling feed bus 222. Among the multiple antenna units 21, there is a column of radiation units 211, a column of coupling units 212, and at least one column of composite units 213, and at least one column of composite units 213 is located between a column of radiation units 211 and a column of coupling units 212. At least two composite units 213 are included in one column of composite units 213, and each composite feed bus 223 is connected to one column of composite units 213. One radiation feed bus 221, one coupling feed bus 222, and at least one composite feed bus 223 are included in the multiple feed buses 22, and the number of composite feed buses 223 is the same as the number of columns of composite units 213.

[0067] Those skilled in the art should understand that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3, and will not be elaborated here.

[0068] In this article, the orientation terms such as up, down, left, right, front, and back are defined based on the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions relative to each other, only for the clarity and convenience of expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of the orientation terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second" used in this article are only for distinction in name and do not limit the quantity and order.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention by using the disclosed technical content, which are equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution content of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna, characterized in that, it includes: a dielectric support layer (10), the dielectric support layer (10) having a first support surface (101) and a second support surface (102) arranged opposite to each other; an antenna radiation layer (20), the antenna radiation layer (20) being located on the first support surface (101), the antenna radiation layer (20) including a plurality of feed buses (22) and a plurality of antenna units (21) distributed in an array, at least two radiation units (211) and two coupling units (212) being included in the plurality of antenna units (21), at least one radiation feed bus (221) and one coupling feed bus (222) being included in the plurality of feed buses (22), each radiation feed bus (221) connecting a plurality of the radiation units (211), and each coupling feed bus (222) connecting a plurality of the coupling units (212); an antenna reflection layer (30), the antenna reflection layer (30) being located on the second support surface (102).

2. The tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, at least one row / column of the radiation units (211) and at least one row / column of the coupling units (212) are included in the plurality of antenna units (21), one row / column of the radiation units (211) and one row / column of the coupling units (212) being arranged parallel to each other, at least two of the radiation units (211) being included in each row / column of the radiation units (211), at least two of the coupling units (212) being included in each row / column of the coupling units (212), each radiation feed bus (221) connecting one row / column of the radiation units (211), and each coupling feed bus (222) connecting one row / column of the coupling units (212).

3. The tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, a plurality of rows / columns of the radiation units (211) and a plurality of rows / columns of the coupling units (212) are included in the plurality of antenna units (21), one row / column of the radiation units (211) and one row / column of the coupling units (212) being alternately arranged in the column / row direction, at least a plurality of the radiation feed buses (221) and a plurality of the coupling feed buses (222) being included in the plurality of feed buses (22), the number of the radiation feed buses (221) being the same as the number of rows / columns of the radiation units (211), and the number of the coupling feed buses (222) being the same as the number of rows / columns of the coupling units (212).

4. The tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, the number of the radiation units (211) in each row / column of the radiation units (211) is the same as the number of the coupling units (212) in each row / column of the coupling units (212), and they are in one-to-one correspondence.

5. The tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of rows / columns of the radiation unit (211) is the same as that of the coupling unit (212), and the number of the radiation feed buses (221) is the same as that of the coupling feed buses (222).

6. The tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna according to claim 2, wherein, the radiation feed buses (221) and the coupling feed buses (222) extend along the row / column direction, and one row / column of the radiation units (211), one radiation feed bus (221), one row / column of the coupling units (212), and one coupling feed bus (222) are alternately arranged in the column / row direction in sequence.

7. The tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna according to claim 2, wherein, at least two composite units (213) are included in the multiple antenna units (21), at least one composite feed bus (223) is included in the multiple feed buses (22), each composite feed bus (223) is connected to multiple composite units (213), the composite units (213) are reused as the radiation units (211) and the coupling units (212), and the composite feed buses (223) are reused as the radiation feed buses (221) and the coupling feed buses (222); one row / column of the radiation units (211), one row / column of the coupling units (212), and at least one row / column of the composite units (213) are included in the multiple antenna units (21), at least one row / column of the composite units (213) is located between one row / column of the radiation units (211) and one row / column of the coupling units (212), at least two composite units (213) are included in one row / column of the composite units (213), each composite feed bus (223) is connected to one row / column of the composite units (213), one radiation feed bus (221), one coupling feed bus (222), and at least one composite feed bus (223) are included in the multiple feed buses (22), and the number of the composite feed buses (223) is the same as the number of rows / columns of the composite units (213).

8. The tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, the size of the radiation unit (211) is the same as that of the coupling unit (212).

9. The tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, the center-to-center spacing between the radiation unit (211) and the adjacent coupling unit (212) is 110-120 mm, the center-to-center spacing between adjacent two radiation units (211) is 170-180 mm, and the center-to-center spacing between adjacent two coupling units (212) is 170-180 mm.

10. The tightly coupled ultra-wideband array antenna according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, the antenna reflection layer (30) is a whole-surface structure and covers the second support surface (102) entirely; And / or, the medium support layer (10) is made of a flexible material or has a flexible structure.

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