Signal interference model processing method for aviation station and aircraft of airport power transmission line

Abstract

The invention discloses an airport power transmission line aviation station and aircraft signal interference model processing method, and the method comprises the steps: S1, constructing an airport region map, and constructing a take-off and landing runway model, an aviation station model and a three-dimensional flight program model in the airport region map, acquiring power transmission line data and constructing a power transmission line model in the airport area map; s2, screening by taking power transmission line data of the power transmission line model as a reference to obtain a preliminary interference area; s3, performing flight simulation in the airport area map according to the three-dimensional flight program model, constructing time sequence relation data associated with the aircraft, the aviation station and the power transmission line in the preliminary interference area range, and calculating signal field intensity and interference field intensity from the aviation station to the track position point; and S4, the signal interference calculation model correspondingly calculates the protection intensity Q according to the track position points. The method can achieve the accurate evaluation of the signal interference of the aviation station and the aircraft in the time sequence relation data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of airport signal interference analysis and processing, and particularly to a method for processing an aviation station and aircraft signal interference model of an airport power transmission line. Background Art

[0002] An aviation station (fully known as an aviation radio station) is a key component of an aviation communication, navigation, and surveillance network, used to provide radio services between aircraft and the ground, ensuring flight safety, efficiency, and order. Aviation stations that provide communication services between aircraft and ground control units include very high frequency (VHF) stations and high frequency (HF) stations, etc.; aviation stations that provide positioning and guidance services for aircraft include VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) / distance measuring equipment (DME), non-directional beacon (NDB), localizer (LOC), glide path (GP), etc.; aviation stations used for monitoring and managing air traffic include primary surveillance radar (PSR), secondary surveillance radar (SSR), automatic dependent surveillance - broadcast (ADS - B), etc. Radio signal interference between an aviation station and an aircraft includes direct interference caused to the aviation station or the aircraft, as well as interference caused by reflecting, scattering, absorbing, or blocking electromagnetic waves.

[0003] When a power transmission line (generally referring to a high - voltage / extra - high - voltage line) is operating at high - voltage power transmission, corona discharge on the line will generate high - frequency pulsed current, and various high - order harmonics contained therein will enter the frequency band used by aviation radio stations, generating active interference, affecting the aircraft's reception of communication, navigation, and surveillance signals, and threatening the safety of aircraft takeoff, approach, and landing. During the flight of an aircraft, its position is constantly changing, and the field strength of the signals received by the wireless airborne equipment on the aircraft and the interference is also constantly changing. However, when other interference characteristics and signal propagation characteristics are certain, the ratio of the signal field strength to the interference field strength at any point in the air mainly depends on the relative positions among the station, the power transmission line, and the aircraft. The closer the power transmission line is to an aircraft in flight, the greater the radio interference on the aircraft's receiving equipment, and the more likely it is to affect the aircraft's reception of communication, navigation, and surveillance signals; similarly, the closer the power transmission line is to airport communication, navigation, and surveillance stations, the greater the radio interference on the stations, and the more likely it is to affect the signals of communication, navigation, and surveillance stations, affecting the safe and efficient operation of the airport.

[0004] At present, for the analysis of active interference of aviation radio stations, Auto CAD and other drawing tools are generally used to draw the nominal track of the flight program. By analyzing the positional relationship between the nominal track of the flight program and the transmission line, the closest point in space between the flight program and the surveying point of the transmission line tower is selected to determine the key evaluation point of the key evaluation track; then, the signal-to-interference ratio at the key evaluation point is analyzed and calculated based on the relative positional relationship between the key evaluation point and the aviation radio station and the transmission line. The existing measures have the following shortcomings: 1. The key evaluation points are selected manually, the analysis points are few, and they cannot reflect the active interference situation of the entire flight program track; 2. The key evaluation points are selected by the nominal track, and there is a risk of missing the evaluation of the key track and key points; 3. There is no linkage analysis with the three-dimensional track of the flight program, and the evaluation results are biased. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems pointed out by the background technology, and to provide a method for processing the signal interference model of aviation stations and aircraft of airport transmission lines. The transmission line interference area is calculated based on the transmission line data of the transmission line model, and the area where the three-dimensional flight program model, the take-off and landing runway model, and the aviation station model fall into the transmission line interference area is screened as the preliminary interference area. Based on the flight simulation, the time series relationship data of the three related aircraft, aviation stations, and transmission lines are constructed within the scope of the preliminary interference area. The calculation of the signal field strength, interference field strength, protection strength, etc. of all track position points in the time series relationship data can be realized, the risk of missing the evaluation of key tracks and key points is avoided, and the accurate evaluation of the interference of aviation stations and aircraft signals is realized.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for processing an interference model of aviation stations and aircraft signals of an airport power transmission line, the method comprising:

[0008] S1. Construct an airport area map including three-dimensional location data of latitude, longitude and elevation information, construct a take-off and landing runway model, an aviation station model and a three-dimensional flight program model of aircraft flight in the airport area map, obtain power transmission line data and construct a power transmission line model in the airport area map, the take-off and landing runway model includes the take-off and landing runway and the take-off and landing protection airspace, and the three-dimensional flight program model includes three-dimensional track data and a three-dimensional protection zone;

[0009] S2. Calculate the transmission line interference area based on the transmission line data of the transmission line model, and select the area where the three-dimensional flight program model, the take-off and landing runway model, and the aviation station model fall into the transmission line interference area as the preliminary interference area;

[0010] S3. Fly and simulate according to the three-dimensional flight procedure model in the airport area map, and construct the time-series relationship data related to the aircraft, aviation station, and transmission line within the preliminary interference area; construct a signal interference calculation model, extract the track position points of the aircraft in the time-series relationship data, and calculate the signal field strength E from the aviation station to the track position points x信号 , calculate the interference field strength E of the track position point according to the following formula x干扰 ,

[0011] where E 0 ′ is the interference simulation value, h 高压线 is the ground height of the transmission line closest to the track position point, d x高压线 is the distance of the transmission line closest to the track position point, k 4 is the frequency correction constant;

[0012] S4. The signal interference calculation model calculates the protection strength Q corresponding to the track position point, Q = E x信号 -E x干扰 .

[0013] To better implement the present invention, the present invention further includes the following method:

[0014] S5. Based on the signal field strength and interference field strength, convert them into signal field strength power and interference field strength power respectively, and compare the signal field strength power and interference field strength power to obtain the signal-to-interference ratio of the track position point

[0015] Preferably, in method S4, set the protection strength threshold according to the type of aviation station, screen the protection strength Q greater than or equal to the protection strength threshold as the safety protection area; delimit several warning levels within the range below the protection strength threshold, screen the protection strength Q less than the protection strength threshold as the warning protection area and output the warning level

[0016] Preferably, visually express the signal field strength E x信号 , interference field strength E x干扰 , protection strength Q, safety protection area, warning protection area and warning level in the airport area map

[0017] Preferably, in method S1, obtain the signal power of the historical track points containing three-dimensional position data based on the historical flight data of the aircraft and input it into the three-dimensional flight procedure model; in method S3, the signal field strength E of the track position point x信号 is obtained as follows:

[0018] Delimit the calculation reference space, screen the historical track point closest to the track position point in the three-dimensional flight procedure model, if within the calculation reference space area, the signal field strength E x信号 The expression is as follows:

[0019] where d c is the straight-line distance between the track position point and the aeronautical station, P c is the signal power of the nearest historical track point to the track position point, f is the frequency of the aeronautical station, G A is the antenna gain constant, k 1 is the power-field strength conversion constant.

[0020] Preferably, the signal power of the historical track point including three-dimensional position data is obtained by flying and measuring in the airport area by a drone equipped with signal power measuring equipment.

[0021] Preferably, if the nearest historical track point to the track position point screened is not within the calculation reference space area, the signal field strength E x信号 has the following expression:

[0022] E x信号 = 10lg(P 0 ) - 20lg(d x台站 ) + k 2 , where P 0 is the transmitting power of the aeronautical station, k 2 is a constant set based on the type of aeronautical station.

[0023] Preferably, in method S3, the interference simulation value E 0 ' is calculated by the signal interference calculation model after inputting weather data and the interference limit value of the aeronautical station, and the expression is as follows:

[0024] E 0 ' = E 0 ·E w ·E a , where is the interference limit value of the aeronautical station, E w is the weather coefficient preset by the model based on the weather data, E a is the altitude coefficient obtained by the model based on the altitude of the track position point, H is the altitude of the track position point, H 0 is the reference altitude preset by the model based on the airport location, and α is the attenuation factor constant.

[0025] Preferably, the method for obtaining the distance d x高压线 between the track position point and the nearest transmission line is as follows: calculate the minimum value of the straight-line distance between the track position point and the digital point of the transmission line, and the expression is as follows:

[0026] d x高压线 = min(d x点位1 , d x点位2 , d x点位3 … d x点位n…), where d x点位n is the straight-line distance between the track position point and the digital point n of the transmission line.

[0027] Preferably, the interference area of the transmission line is calculated according to the data segments of the transmission line, and the areas where the segment interference field strengths are greater than the threshold are combined to form the interference area of the transmission line; the transmission line data in method S1 is the existing transmission line data of the airport or / and the designed and laid transmission line data.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) Based on the transmission line data of the transmission line model, the present invention calculates the interference area of the transmission line, screens the areas where the three-dimensional flight procedure model, the takeoff and landing runway model, and the aviation station model fall into the interference area of the transmission line as the preliminary interference area, and constructs the time-series relationship data related to the aircraft, the aviation station, and the transmission line within the range of the preliminary interference area based on flight simulation, which can realize the calculation of the signal field strength, interference field strength, protection strength, etc. of all track position points in the time-series relationship data, avoids the risk of omission in the evaluation of key tracks and key points, and realizes the accurate evaluation of the signal interference of the aviation station and the aircraft.

[0030] (2) The present invention can be used for the evaluation and processing of the signal interference of the aviation station and the aircraft with the existing transmission line data of the airport, and can also be used for the evaluation and processing of the signal interference of the aviation station and the aircraft with the planned and designed transmission line data, which is convenient for the transmission lines designed and planned by the power department to meet the operation requirements of the aviation station and the aircraft signals, and improves the design reliability of the transmission lines.

[0031] (3) The present invention can realize the visual display of the analysis results of the signal interference of the aviation station and the aircraft through the nominal track of the airport flight procedure and the relevant curve charts, which are intuitively presented in the airport area map (or geographic information system), and improves the visualization degree of the signal interference analysis of the aviation station and the aircraft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is the flowchart of the method for processing the signal interference model of the aviation station and the aircraft of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the departure nominal track in the aircraft flight procedure as the reference track in the takeoff and landing protection airspace in the example;

[0034] Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of the three-dimensional protection area delimited with the departure nominal track in the aircraft flight procedure as the reference track in the takeoff and landing protection airspace in the example; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments:

[0037] Embodiment

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, an aviation station and an aircraft signal interference model processing method for an airport power transmission line, the method comprising:

[0039] S1. Construct an airport area map containing three-dimensional position data of longitude, latitude and elevation information, construct a takeoff and landing runway model, an aviation station model and a three-dimensional flight procedure model for aircraft flight in the airport area map, obtain power transmission line data (the power transmission line data is existing power transmission line data of the airport or / and designed and laid power transmission line data) and construct a power transmission line model in the airport area map. The takeoff and landing runway model includes a takeoff and landing runway and a takeoff and landing protection airspace. The three-dimensional flight procedure model includes three-dimensional track data and a three-dimensional protection area. The aviation station model is a three-dimensional aviation station constructed in the three-dimensional airport area map (constructed based on the three-dimensional spatial position and actual size of the aviation station). The three-dimensional flight procedure model of the present invention includes a track set and an air protection area corresponding to the track set. The track set can be only a nominal track, or can include the nominal track and cover more than P1% (P1 takes the value of 80 in this embodiment) of the historical actual tracks within the nominal track space domain; the air protection area can be only the air protection area corresponding to the nominal track, or can include the nominal track and cover the largest air protection area delimited by more than P1% of the historical actual tracks within the nominal track space domain. The takeoff and landing runway model includes a takeoff and landing runway and a takeoff and landing protection airspace. The takeoff and landing runway is takeoff and landing runway data, and the takeoff and landing protection airspace is a takeoff and landing flight protection area including the takeoff and landing runway. Taking the departure of an aircraft as an example, takeoff and landing flight protection areas are set on the runway ground and airspace in each stage of taxiing, departure takeoff, departure turn, departure level flight and climb on the runway. Figure 2 Illustrate each stage of the aircraft departing along the nominal track Figure 3 Illustrate the cross-section of the partial protection area formed by the aircraft departing along the nominal track Figure 2 、 Figure 3 Both can be derived from the aircraft flight procedure, and the flight procedure contains a nominal track and a protection area.

[0040] S2. Calculate the power transmission line interference area based on the power transmission line data of the power transmission line model, and screen the areas of the three-dimensional flight procedure model, the takeoff and landing runway model and the aviation station model that fall into the power transmission line interference area as the preliminary interference area. In some embodiments, the power transmission line interference area is calculated by segment according to the power transmission line data for the area where the segment interference field strength is greater than the threshold and combined to form the power transmission line interference area.

[0041] S3. Fly and simulate according to the three-dimensional flight procedure model in the airport area map, and construct the time-series relationship data related to the aircraft, aviation station, and transmission line within the preliminary interference area; construct a signal interference calculation model, extract the track position points of the aircraft in the time-series relationship data, and calculate the signal field strength E from the aviation station to the track position points x信号 , calculate the interference field strength E of the track position point according to the following formula x干扰 ,

[0042] where E 0 ′ is the interference simulation value, h 高压线 is the ground height of the transmission line closest to the track position point, d x高压线 is the distance of the transmission line closest to the track position point, k 4 is the frequency correction constant. The interference simulation value E 0 ′ of the present invention is obtained by calculating with the signal interference calculation model after inputting weather data and the interference limit value of the aviation station. The expression is as follows

[0043] E 0 ′ = E 0 ·E w ·E a , where E 0 is the interference limit value of the aviation station, E w is the weather coefficient preset by the model based on the weather data. When the weather data is determined to be good weather (such as dry and sunny): Ew = 1.0; when the weather data is determined to be bad weather (rain, snow, fog, etc.): Ew = 1.5 - 3.0; further divided into: when the weather data is determined to be rainy, Ew = 2.0 - 3.0 can be taken, and when the weather data is determined to be light snow / fog, etc., Ew = 1.5 - 2.0 can be taken. E a is the altitude coefficient obtained by the model based on the altitude of the track position point, H is the altitude of the track position point, H 0 is the reference altitude preset by the model based on the airport location, and α is the attenuation factor constant (in this embodiment, the value range of α is 0.0001 - 0.0002).

[0044] In some embodiments, the method for obtaining the distance d x高压线 of the transmission line closest to the track position point is as follows: calculate the minimum value of the straight-line distance between the track position point and the digital position of the transmission line. The expression is as follows

[0045] d x高压线 = min(d x点位1 , d x点位2 , d x点位3 …d x点位n …), where d x点位nis the straight-line distance between the track position point and the digital point n of the transmission line.

[0046] S4. The signal interference calculation model calculates the protection intensity Q corresponding to the track position point. Q = E x信号 -E x干扰 , and the present invention calculates the protection intensity Q of each track position point one by one based on the time-series relationship data, and then obtains the protection intensity Q of all track position points in the area where the entire time-series relationship data is located. In some embodiments, in method S4, the protection intensity threshold is set according to the type of aeronautical station, and the protection intensity Q greater than or equal to the protection intensity threshold is selected as the safety protection area; several warning levels are defined in the range below the protection intensity threshold (for example, low warning, medium warning, and high warning are set), and the protection intensity Q less than the protection intensity threshold is selected as the warning protection area and the warning level is output; the present invention classifies and divides the area where the entire time-series relationship data is located into a safety protection area and a warning protection area, and at the same time classifies and divides the warning protection area according to the warning level.

[0047] S5. Based on the signal field strength and interference field strength, they are respectively converted into signal field strength power and interference field strength power, and the field strength (including signal field strength and interference field strength) is correspondingly converted into the signal power corresponding to the field strength (including signal field strength power and interference field strength power). The conversion of field strength and signal power can be carried out using the following formula: where P is the signal power, E is the field strength at the center position, is the distance from the center position of the field strength, and Z 0 is the wave impedance. The signal field strength power and interference field strength power are compared to obtain the signal-to-interference ratio of the track position point (preferably, the signal-to-interference ratio is also visually expressed synchronously on the airport area map).

[0048] In some embodiments, the signal field strength E x信号 , interference field strength E x干扰 , protection intensity Q, safety protection area, signal-to-interference ratio, warning protection area, and warning level are visually expressed on the airport area map, and all signal correlation data (signal correlation data includes signal field strength E x信号 , interference field strength E x干扰 , protection intensity Q, safety protection area, signal-to-interference ratio, warning protection area, and warning level, etc.) in the area where the entire time-series relationship data is located are visually expressed on the airport area map.

[0049] In some embodiments, in method S1, the signal power of the historical track point containing three-dimensional position data is obtained based on the historical flight data of the aircraft (the replaceable technical solution is as follows: the signal power of the historical track point containing three-dimensional position data is obtained by flying and measuring the airport area with a drone equipped with a signal power measurement device.) and input into the three-dimensional flight program model; in method S3, the signal field strength E x信号 of the track position point is obtained as follows:

[0050] Define a calculation reference space (the calculation reference space is a low-deviation airspace where historical track points can be used as track position points to calculate signal power), and screen the historical track point closest to the track position point in the three-dimensional flight procedure model. If it is within the calculation reference space area, the signal field strength E x信号 The expression is as follows:

[0051] where is the straight-line distance between the track position point and the aeronautical station, is the signal power of the historical track point closest to the track position point, f is the frequency of the aeronautical station, G is the antenna gain constant, and is the power-field strength conversion constant.

[0052] If the historical track point closest to the track position point screened is not within the calculation reference space area, the signal field strength E x信号 The expression is as follows:

[0053] E x信号 = 10lg(P 0 ) - 20lg(d x台站 ) + k 2 , where P 0 is the transmission power of the aeronautical station, and k 2 is a constant set based on the type of aeronautical station.

[0054] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing an interference model of aviation stations and aircraft signals of an airport power transmission line, characterized in that: The methods include: S1. Construct an airport area map including three-dimensional location data of latitude, longitude and elevation information, construct a take-off and landing runway model, an aviation station model and a three-dimensional flight program model of aircraft flight in the airport area map, obtain power transmission line data and construct a power transmission line model in the airport area map, the take-off and landing runway model includes the take-off and landing runway and the take-off and landing protection airspace, and the three-dimensional flight program model includes three-dimensional track data and a three-dimensional protection zone; S2. Calculate the transmission line interference area based on the transmission line data of the transmission line model, and select the area where the three-dimensional flight program model, the take-off and landing runway model, and the aviation station model fall into the transmission line interference area as the preliminary interference area; S3. Perform flight simulation in the airport area map according to the three-dimensional flight program model, and construct the time series relationship data of the aircraft, aviation station and power transmission line within the preliminary interference area; construct a signal interference calculation model, extract the track position point of the aircraft in the time series relationship data and calculate the signal field strength E from the aviation station to the track position point x信号 , calculate the interference field strength E at the track position point according to the following formula x干扰 , Where E0′ is the interference simulation value, h 高压线 is the ground height of the nearest power transmission line affecting the track location, d x高压线 is the distance of the nearest transmission line affecting the track location point, k4 is the frequency correction constant; S4. Signal interference calculation model calculates the protection strength Q according to the corresponding track position point, Q = E x信号 -E x干扰 .

2. The method for processing the interference model of aviation stations and aircraft signals of airport power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes the following methods: S5. Convert the signal field strength and the interference field strength into signal field strength power and interference field strength power respectively, and compare the signal field strength power and the interference field strength power to obtain the signal-to-interference ratio of the track position point.

3. The method for processing the interference model of aviation stations and aircraft signals of airport power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: In method S4, a protection strength threshold is set according to the type of aviation station, and the protection strength Q greater than or equal to the protection strength threshold is screened as a safe protection zone; several warning levels are defined in the range below the protection strength threshold, and the protection strength Q less than the protection strength threshold is screened as a warning protection zone and the warning level is output.

4. The method for processing the interference model of aviation stations and aircraft signals of airport power transmission lines according to claim 3, characterized in that: Visualizing signal strength E in airport area maps x信号 , Interference field strength E x干扰 , protection intensity Q, safety protection area, warning protection area and warning level.

5. The method for processing the interference model of aviation stations and aircraft signals of airport power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: In method S1, the signal power of historical track points containing three-dimensional position data is obtained based on the historical flight data of the aircraft and input into the three-dimensional flight program model; in method S3, the signal field strength E of the track position point x信号 The method of obtaining is as follows: Define the calculation reference space, select the historical track point closest to the track position point in the three-dimensional flight program model, and if the signal field strength is within the calculation reference space area, x The signal expression is as follows: where d c P is the straight-line distance between the track position point and the aviation station, c is the signal power of the nearest historical track point, f is the frequency of the aviation station, G A is the antenna gain constant, and k1 is the power and field strength conversion constant.

6. The method for processing the interference model of aviation stations and aircraft signals of airport power transmission lines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The signal power of historical track points containing three-dimensional position data is obtained by flying a drone equipped with a signal power measurement device over the airport area.

7. The method for processing the interference model of aviation stations and aircraft signals of airport power transmission lines according to claim 5, characterized in that: If the historical track point closest to the track position is not within the calculation reference space, the signal field strength E x信号 The expression is as follows: E x信号 =10lg(P0)-20lg(d x台站 )+k2, where P0 is the transmission power of the aeronautical station and k2 is a constant set based on the type of aeronautical station.

8. The method for processing the interference model of aviation stations and aircraft signals of airport power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: In method S3, the interference simulation value E0′ is calculated by the signal interference calculation model after inputting weather data and aviation station interference limit, and the expression is as follows: E0′=E0·E w ·E a , where E0 is the interference limit for aviation stations, E w is the preset weather coefficient corresponding to the weather data of the model, E a The altitude coefficient obtained by the model based on the altitude of the track position point. H is the altitude of the track position point, H0 is the preset reference altitude corresponding to the airport location of the model, and α is the attenuation factor constant.

9. The method for processing the interference model of aviation stations and aircraft signals of airport power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance d of the nearest transmission line to the impact track location x高压线 The method of obtaining is as follows: Calculate the minimum straight-line distance between the track position point and the digitized point of the transmission line. The expression is as follows: d x高压线 =min(d x点位1 ,d x点位2 ,d x点位3 …d x点位n …), where d x点位n It is the straight-line distance between the track position point and the digitized point n of the transmission line.

10. The method for processing the interference model of aviation stations and aircraft signals of airport power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission line interference area is segmented according to the transmission line data, and the areas whose segmented interference field strength is greater than the threshold are calculated and combined to form the transmission line interference area; the transmission line data in method S1 is the existing transmission line data of the airport and / or the data of the designed transmission line.

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