Automatic speed changing electric capstan

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic transmission electric capstan, comprising: an actuator (6); a transmission and braking device (5); a propeller shaft (11); the speed change assembly comprises a power input element and a power output element, and the other end of the transmission shaft (11) is connected with the power input element; the roller (4) is connected with the power output element of the speed change assembly, and the speed change assembly is configured in the mode that when the load on the roller (4) is smaller than a preset load, the transmission ratio between the power input element and the power output element of the speed change assembly is a first transmission ratio, and when the load on the roller (4) is larger than the preset load, the transmission ratio between the power input element and the power output element of the speed change assembly is a second transmission ratio. The transmission ratio between the power input element and the power output element of the speed change assembly is a second transmission ratio, and the first transmission ratio is smaller than the second transmission ratio. According to the automatic speed changing electric capstan, the working state of the clutch unit can be automatically switched according to different loads, so that automatic speed changing is achieved, manual intervention is not needed, and the working intensity is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of transmission or traction devices, and particularly to an automatically variable speed electric winch. Background Art

[0002] An electric winch is a tool that drives a drum by an electric motor and winds a flexible member (such as a wire rope, a chain, etc.) to complete a traction operation. Electric winches are commonly used in fields such as handling work, ship docks, vehicle towing, fire fighting and rescue, etc.

[0003] The transmission ratio of the existing electric winch is always fixed. In order to achieve the best cost performance, the transmission ratio of the reduction mechanism of the electric winch is usually designed to be large. When using the electric winch, whether it is no-load or full-load, the same transmission ratio is used for speed reduction, which results in low work efficiency. For example, when the rope is retracted and towed under no-load or light load, at a large transmission ratio, the rope is pulled very slowly, while at this time, it is expected to retract the rope more quickly, and the working condition at this time also allows for a faster retraction of the rope. The fixed transmission ratio affects the work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to at least partially overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an automatically variable speed electric winch.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatically variable speed electric winch that can adaptively adjust the transmission ratio of the speed change component.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatically variable speed electric winch that can automatically switch between different working conditions of no-load and load according to different loads without manual intervention, reducing the working intensity.

[0007] To achieve the above object or one of the objects, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An automatically variable speed electric winch, the electric winch comprising:

[0009] An actuator;

[0010] A transmission and braking device, drivingly connected to the actuator, for transmitting the driving force of the actuator and being able to achieve braking under predetermined conditions;

[0011] A transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft being connected to the transmission and braking device;

[0012] A speed change component, including a power input element and a power output element, the other end of the transmission shaft being connected to the power input element; and

[0013] A drum, the drum being connected to the power output element of the speed change component,

[0014] Wherein, the speed change assembly is configured such that when the load on the drum is less than a predetermined load, the transmission ratio between the power input element and the power output element of the speed change assembly is a first transmission ratio, and when the load on the drum is greater than the predetermined load, the transmission ratio between the power input element and the power output element of the speed change assembly is a second transmission ratio, and the first transmission ratio is less than the second transmission ratio.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the speed change assembly includes at least one stage of planetary gear sets;

[0016] A clutch unit is provided on the planet carrier of a certain stage of the at least one stage of planetary gear sets.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the planet carrier of the certain stage of planetary gear sets includes a support disk;

[0018] The clutch unit includes:

[0019] A first pressure plate, disposed on one side of the support disk;

[0020] A friction element, disposed between the support disk and the first pressure plate;

[0021] A second pressure plate, disposed on the side of the support disk opposite to the first pressure plate,

[0022] Wherein, the friction element is relatively fixed with the ring gear of the certain stage of planetary gear sets, and the connection between the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate is configured such that the friction element can change between a first state of being combined with the support disk and a second state of being disengaged from the support disk.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clutch unit further includes a plurality of springs and a plurality of fixing members;

[0024] A plurality of stepped holes are provided on the support disk, and a plurality of fixing holes are provided on the second pressure plate;

[0025] The springs are disposed in the stepped holes, one end abuts against the step in the stepped hole, and one end abuts against the second pressure plate; the fixing members pass through the fixing holes, the springs and the stepped holes and are fixed on the first pressure plate, thereby connecting the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the friction element is an annular friction ring, and the diameter of the friction ring is smaller than the diameter of the support disk;

[0027] A plurality of external splines are provided on the outer periphery of the friction ring, and a plurality of grooves are provided on the end face of the ring gear of the certain stage of planetary gear sets, and the external splines are embedded in the grooves so that the friction element is relatively fixed with the ring gear of the certain stage of planetary gear sets.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pin shaft is provided on one side of the support disk facing the second pressure disk. A connection hole is provided on the sun gear of the adjacent first-stage planetary gear set or the power output element. A through hole is provided at the center of the second pressure disk, and the pin shaft passes through the through hole and extends into the connection hole.

[0029] A spiral groove is provided on the pin shaft, and a spiral key that cooperates with the spiral groove is provided in the connection hole; or a spiral key is provided on the pin shaft, and a spiral groove that cooperates with the spiral key is provided in the connection hole.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the speed change assembly further includes a one-way clutch. The one-way clutch is provided on the ring gear of a certain stage of the planetary gear set, such that the ring gear of the certain stage of the planetary gear set is allowed to rotate in a first direction and prohibited from rotating in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electric winch further includes a housing. The housing surrounds the outside of the speed change assembly and supports the speed change assembly.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the housing is composed of an end cover and a housing body.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the speed change assembly includes a first-stage planetary gear set, a second-stage planetary gear set, and a third-stage planetary gear set;

[0034] The first-stage planetary gear set includes a first-stage sun gear, a first-stage ring gear, a first-stage planetary carrier, and a plurality of first-stage planetary gears; the second-stage planetary gear set includes a second-stage sun gear, a second-stage ring gear, a second-stage planetary carrier, and a plurality of second-stage planetary gears; the third-stage planetary gear set includes a third-stage sun gear, a third-stage ring gear, a third-stage planetary carrier, and a plurality of third-stage planetary gears;

[0035] In terms of transmission, the first-stage planetary carrier of the first-stage planetary gear set is connected to the second-stage sun gear of the second-stage planetary gear set. The second-stage planetary carrier of the second-stage planetary gear set is connected to the third-stage sun gear of the third-stage planetary gear set. The third-stage planetary carrier of the third-stage planetary gear set is connected to the drum;

[0036] The first-stage sun gear serves as the power input element, and the third-stage planetary carrier serves as the power output element.

[0037] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clutch unit is provided on the second-stage planetary carrier of the second-stage planetary gear set;

[0038] The one-way clutch is provided between the second-stage ring gear of the second-stage planetary gear set and the housing; the first-stage ring gear and the third-stage ring gear are fixed to the housing;

[0039] The second-stage planet carrier is connected to the third-stage sun gear of the third-stage planetary gear set through a pin shaft.

[0040] By arranging a clutch unit on a certain stage of the planetary gear set, the electric winch of the present invention enables the planetary gear set of this stage to play a speed reduction role when the load is large, that is, it has a transmission ratio, while when the load is small, it does not produce a speed reduction effect, and this change is automatically completed. Thus, by adopting an automatic speed change method, when the electric winch is unloaded or the load is low, it works with a smaller transmission ratio to improve efficiency, and when the load is large, the transmission ratio of the speed reduction mechanism is automatically switched to work with a large transmission ratio to meet the working requirements of large loads. The structural solution of the present invention can automatically switch between different working conditions of no-load and load operation according to different loads without manual intervention, effectively reducing the working intensity. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an automatically variable-speed electric winch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a partial exploded perspective view of an automatically variable-speed electric winch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram inside the end cover according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0044] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements. Additionally, in the following detailed description, for the sake of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, it is obvious that one or more embodiments can also be implemented without these specific details. In other cases, well-known structures and devices are illustrated in a schematic manner to simplify the drawings.

[0045] The present invention provides an automatically variable-speed electric winch, which can automatically adjust the speed of the rope-pulling traction according to different loads. Specifically, by adding a clutch unit to the planetary gear set, the clutch unit can disengage and engage when the load is large. At this time, the planetary gear set plays a speed reduction role, while when the load is small, it does not disengage and engage, and at this time, the planetary gear set does not produce a transmission ratio, thereby changing the transmission ratio of the speed change component composed of the planetary gear set to achieve the purpose of automatic speed change.

[0046] As Figure 1As shown, the electric winch includes an actuator 6, a transmission and braking device 5, a transmission shaft 11, a speed change assembly, a drum 4, a centrifugal unit 9, a one-way clutch 8, an end cover 7 and a housing 10. The actuator 6 usually exists in the form of a motor and is the power source for the electric winch to achieve traction. The transmission and braking device 5 is connected to the actuator 6 in a transmission manner, which is used to transmit the driving force of the actuator 6 and can achieve braking under predetermined conditions, such as emergency braking. One end of the transmission shaft 11 is connected to the transmission and braking device 5. The speed change assembly includes a power input element and a power output element, which is used to achieve speed change and mainly plays a deceleration role. It can also be called a deceleration mechanism. The other end of the transmission shaft 11 is connected to the power input element. The drum 4 is connected to the power output element of the speed change assembly, the pulling element is wound on the drum 2, and most of the transmission shaft 11 is located inside the drum 4. The end cover 7 and the housing 10 constitute the outer shell of the electric winch, and the outer shell surrounds the outer side of the speed change assembly and supports the speed change assembly.

[0047] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment of the invention, the speed change assembly is designed to include a three-stage planetary gear set, including a first-stage planetary gear set 1, a second-stage planetary gear set 2 and a third-stage planetary gear set 3; the first-stage planetary gear set 1 includes a first-stage sun gear, a first-stage ring gear, a first-stage planet carrier 103 and a plurality of first-stage planetary gears; the second-stage planetary gear set 2 includes a second-stage sun gear 201, a second-stage ring gear 202, a second-stage planet carrier 203 and a plurality of second-stage planetary gears 204; the third-stage planetary gear set 3 includes a third-stage sun gear 301, a third-stage ring gear, a third-stage planet carrier and a plurality of third-stage planetary gears; in terms of transmission, the first-stage planet carrier 103 of the first-stage planetary gear set 1 is connected to the second-stage sun gear 201 of the second-stage planetary gear set, the second-stage planet carrier 203 of the second-stage planetary gear set 2 is connected to the third-stage sun gear 301 of the third-stage planetary gear set 3, and the third-stage planet carrier of the third-stage planetary gear set 3 is connected to the drum 2; here, the first-stage sun gear serves as the power input element, and the third-stage planet carrier serves as the power output element.

[0048] In this way, the rotation of the actuator 6 is transmitted to the drum 4 through three-stage transmission and three-stage reduction in a normal state. In the electric winch with a transmission assembly composed of a three-stage planetary gear set in the past, the first-stage ring gear, the second-stage ring gear and the third-stage ring gear are usually fixedly connected to the housing, but in the embodiment of the present invention, since the clutch unit and the one-way clutch are provided on the second-stage planetary gear set, the second-stage ring gear is no longer completely fixed on the housing, which will be described later.

[0049] To achieve the object of the present invention, the speed change assembly is configured such that when the load on the drum 4 is less than a predetermined load, the transmission ratio between the power input element and the power output element of the speed change assembly is a first transmission ratio, and when the load on the drum 4 is greater than the predetermined load, the transmission ratio between the power input element and the power output element of the speed change assembly is a second transmission ratio, and the first transmission ratio is less than the second transmission ratio.

[0050] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 , in this embodiment, a clutch unit 9 is provided on the second-stage planet carrier 203 of the second-stage planetary gear set. It should be noted that the electric winch of the present invention does not necessarily consist of a three-stage planetary gear set. It can consist of a single-stage planetary gear set, or a two-stage planetary gear set, or more than three-stage planetary gear sets. Moreover, the clutch unit 9 does not necessarily have to be provided on the second-stage planetary gear set. It can also be provided on other planetary gear sets, and the object of the invention can also be achieved.

[0051] As Figure 2 shown, the second-stage planet carrier 203 of the second-stage planetary gear set includes a support disk. Three shafts extend from the left side of the support disk, and the three second-stage planetary gears are mounted on these shafts. Therefore, the combination of the support disk and the three shafts exists as the second-stage planet carrier 203.

[0052] The clutch unit 9 includes a first pressure plate 901, a friction element 902, a second pressure plate 904, three springs 903, and three fixing members 905. The first pressure plate 901 is provided on one side of the support disk, close to the second-stage planetary gear 204. The first pressure plate 901 has a central hole, three shaft holes, and three fixing portions, and the three shaft holes and the three fixing portions are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The friction element 902 is provided between the support disk and the first pressure plate 901. In particular, the friction element 902 is relatively fixed to the second-stage ring gear 202 of the second-stage planetary gear set 2, and the connection between the first pressure plate 901 and the second pressure plate 904 is configured such that the friction element 902 can change between a first state of being combined with the support disk and a second state of being disengaged from the support disk.

[0053] The friction element 902 is an annular friction ring with a hollow middle. The diameter of the friction ring is smaller than the diameter of the support disk. The friction ring is made of a friction material and can generate a large frictional resistance when it is pressed against the support disk. A plurality of external splines are provided on the outer circumference of the friction ring, and a plurality of grooves are provided on the end face of the second-stage ring gear 202 of the second-stage planetary gear set 2. As Figure 3 shown, 10 grooves are shown in the figure, and the external splines are embedded in the grooves so that the friction element 902 is relatively fixed to the second-stage ring gear 202 of the second-stage planetary gear set 2.

[0054] The second pressure plate 904 is arranged on the side of the support plate opposite to the first pressure plate 901. Three fixing holes and a central through hole are arranged on the second pressure plate 904. Three stepped holes are arranged on the support plate. The spring 903 is arranged in the stepped holes, with one end abutted against the step in the stepped holes and the other end abutted against the second pressure plate 904. The fixing member 905 passes through the fixing holes, the spring 903 and the stepped holes and is fixed on the fixing part of the first pressure plate 901, thereby connecting the first pressure plate 901 and the second pressure plate 904. The three shafts on the support plate pass through the central hollow part of the friction element 902 and extend into the shaft holes of the first pressure plate 901 and are combined with the three second-stage planetary gears 204.

[0055] Further, a pin shaft is arranged on the side of the support plate facing the second pressure plate 904, and a connection hole is arranged on the sun gear of the adjacent-stage planetary gear set or the power output element (in Figure 2 the embodiment, the adjacent-stage planetary gear set is the third-stage planetary gear set 3, and a connection hole is arranged on its third-stage sun gear 301. Therefore, the pin shaft of the second pressure plate 904 extends into the connection hole of the third-stage sun gear 301. In the embodiment without the next-stage planetary gear set, the pin shaft can be directly connected to the power output element), the center of the second pressure plate 904 has a through hole, and the pin shaft passes through the through hole and extends into the connection hole; a spiral groove is arranged on the pin shaft, and a spiral key matching with the spiral groove is arranged in the connection hole; or a spiral key is arranged on the pin shaft, and a spiral groove matching with the spiral key is arranged in the connection hole.

[0056] More importantly, the speed change assembly further includes a one-way clutch 8. The one-way clutch 8 is arranged on the second-stage ring gear 202 of the second-stage planetary gear set 2. Specifically, it is arranged between the second-stage ring gear 202 of the second-stage planetary gear set 2 and the housing, so that the second-stage ring gear 202 is only allowed to rotate in the first direction and is prohibited from rotating in the second direction opposite to the first direction. The first-stage ring gear and the third-stage ring gear are fixed on the housing.

[0057] It can be seen that the actuator 6 is connected to one end of the transmission shaft 11 through the transmission and braking device 5. The other end of the transmission shaft 11 is connected to the first-stage sun gear of the first-stage planetary gear set 1. The first-stage ring gear of the first-stage planetary gear set 1 is fixedly connected to the end cover 7. The first-stage planet carrier 103 is the output member and is connected to the second-stage sun gear 201 of the second-stage planetary gear set 2. The second-stage ring gear 202 of the second-stage planetary gear set 2 is installed on the end cover 7 through the one-way clutch 8. The second-stage planet carrier 203 is the output member and is connected to the third-stage sun gear 301 of the third-stage planetary gear set 3 through a spiral key (or spiral spline). The third-stage planet carrier of the third-stage planetary gear set 3 is the power output element and is connected to the drum 4. The clutch unit 9 includes a first pressure plate 901 (existing in the form of a steel sheet), a friction element 902, a spring 903, a second pressure plate 904, a fixing member 905 (which can be a screw), and a support plate of the second-stage planet carrier 203, jointly forming a multi-disc clutch structure. Among them, the steel sheets of the first pressure plate 901 and the support plate of the second-stage planet carrier 203 form a steel sheet group, the friction element 902 represents a friction plate group, and the second-stage ring gear 202 has grooves that match the external splines of the friction element 902. The steel sheet group of the multi-disc clutch can usually be matched by an internal spline method. In this embodiment, since the number of sheets is very small, a pin-hole fitting method is used for matching. The spring 903, the fixing member 905, and the second pressure plate 904 act together to press the steel sheet group and the friction plate group tightly, so that frictional force is generated on the engagement surface.

[0058] The working process of the automatic transmission electric winch of the present invention is described below:

[0059] When the actuator 6 drives the transmission shaft 11 to rotate through the transmission and braking device 5, if the load on the drum 4 is low or no-load, at this time, the first-stage planetary gear set 1 decelerates and operates, driving the second-stage sun gear 201 of the second-stage planetary gear set 2 to rotate. Since the clutch unit 9 engages the second-stage planet carrier 203 and the second-stage ring gear 202 in the second-stage planetary gear set 2, and the one-way clutch 8 is in a disengaged state, the second-stage planet gear 204 only revolves without self-rotation. The second-stage planetary gear set 2 directly transmits power, and the second planet carrier 203 drives the third-stage sun gear 301 of the third-stage planetary gear set 3 to rotate. The third-stage planetary gear set 3 also decelerates and operates normally, driving the drum 4 to rotate. When the load on the drum 4 is large, that is, the resistance of the third-stage sun gear 301 of the third-stage planetary gear set 3 is large, and the torque that needs to be transmitted from the third-stage planet carrier 203 to the third-stage sun gear 301 through the spline is large. The axial component force of the torque acting on the spline is greater than the elastic force of the spring 903. Therefore, the axial force exerted by the third-stage sun gear 301 on the second pressure plate 904 overcomes the action of the spring 903, compressing the second pressure plate 904 and separating the clutch unit 9. At this time, in the second-stage planetary gear set 2, the second-stage sun gear 201 rotates, and the second-stage planet carrier 203 is connected to the output of the third-stage sun gear 301. Therefore, the second-stage ring gear 202 has a reverse rotation tendency and is restricted by the one-way clutch 8, and the one-way clutch 8 engages to fix the second-stage ring gear 202. Therefore, the second-stage planetary gear set 2 decelerates and operates when the load on the drum 4 is large and the clutch unit 9 is separated, and has the same working state as the first-stage planetary gear set 1 and the third-stage planetary gear set 3. The electric winch operates at the maximum transmission ratio and can output the maximum torque to meet the requirements of the load work.

[0060] When the load needs to pay out the rope, that is, there is a load on the drum 4, which is transmitted to the third-stage sun gear 301, and the working process is the same as that of the load taking in the rope. This load will separate the clutch unit 9 and engage the one-way clutch 8. All three planetary gear sets are in a decelerating working state. Therefore, the working process of the load paying out the rope is no different from that of a conventional electric winch when paying out the rope.

[0061] For a conventional electric winch with a three-stage planetary gear set, the one-way clutch and the clutch unit can be set on any stage of the planetary gear set, and the working effect is the same. When a helical spline is used between the planet carrier and the sun gear to generate the axial component force, straight gears can be used for the gears. If a sliding spline or other similar sliding structures are used between the planet carrier and the sun gear, helical gears can be used for the gears, which can also generate the axial component force to achieve the required working process.

[0062] The one-way clutch can be the one-way clutch in the embodiment, or a ratchet and pawl mechanism, that is, a device capable of achieving one-way separation and reverse engagement. The clutch unit can be the multi-disc clutch in the embodiment, or a diaphragm spring clutch, with a relatively complex structure, but the function can also be achieved.

[0063] By arranging a clutch unit on a certain stage of planetary gear set in the electric winch of the present invention, the planetary gear set of this stage plays a speed reduction role when the load is large, that is, it has a transmission ratio, and it does not produce a speed reduction effect when the load is small, and this change is automatically completed. Thus, by adopting an automatic transmission method, when the electric winch is unloaded or the load is low, it works with a small transmission ratio to improve efficiency, and when the load is large, it automatically switches the transmission ratio of the speed reduction mechanism and works with a large transmission ratio to meet the working requirements of large loads. The structural solution of the present invention can automatically switch between different working conditions of no-load and load according to different loads without manual intervention, effectively reducing the working intensity.

[0064] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of application of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0065] List of reference numerals:

[0066] 1 First-stage planetary gear set

[0067] 2 Second-stage planetary gear set

[0068] 3 Third-stage planetary gear set

[0069] 4 Drum

[0070] 5 Transmission and braking device

[0071] 6 Actuator

[0072] 7 End cover

[0073] 8 One-way clutch

[0074] 9 Clutch unit

[0075] 10 Housing

[0076] 11 Transmission shaft

[0077] 103 First-stage planet carrier

[0078] 201 Second-stage sun gear

[0079] 202 Second-stage ring gear

[0080] 203 Second-stage planet carrier

[0081] 204 Second-stage planet gear

[0082] 301 Third-stage sun gear

[0083] 901 First pressure plate

[0084] 902 Friction element

[0085] 903 Spring

[0086] 904 Second pressure plate

[0087] 905 Fixing part.

Claims

1. An automatic speed-changing electric winch, characterized in that: The electric winch comprises: Actuator (6); A transmission and braking device (5) is in transmission connection with the actuator (6) and is used to transmit the driving force of the actuator (6) and can achieve braking under predetermined conditions; A transmission shaft (11), one end of which is connected to the transmission and braking device (5); A speed change assembly comprises a power input element and a power output element, wherein the other end of the transmission shaft (11) is connected to the power input element; and A roller (4), wherein the roller (4) is connected to a power output element of a speed change assembly, The speed change assembly is configured such that when the load on the drum (4) is less than a predetermined load, the transmission ratio between the power input element and the power output element of the speed change assembly is a first transmission ratio, and when the load on the drum (4) is greater than the predetermined load, the transmission ratio between the power input element and the power output element of the speed change assembly is a second transmission ratio, and the first transmission ratio is less than the second transmission ratio.

2. The automatic speed-changing electric winch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed change assembly includes at least one planetary gear set; A clutch unit (9) is arranged on the planet carrier of a planetary gear set of one of the at least one planetary gear sets.

3. The automatic speed-changing electric winch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The planet carrier of the planetary gear set of a certain stage includes a support plate; The clutch unit (9) comprises: A first pressure plate (901), arranged on one side of the support plate; A friction element (902) is arranged between the support plate and the first pressure plate (901); The second pressure plate (904) is arranged on a side of the support plate opposite to the first pressure plate (901), The friction element (902) is relatively fixed to the ring gear of the planetary gear set at a certain stage, and the connection between the first pressure plate (901) and the second pressure plate (904) is configured so that the friction element (902) can change between a first state in which it is coupled to the support plate and a second state in which it is disengaged from the support plate.

4. The automatic speed-changing electric winch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clutch unit (9) further comprises a plurality of springs (903) and a plurality of fixing members (905); A plurality of step holes are arranged on the support plate, and a plurality of fixing holes are arranged on the second pressure plate (904); The spring (903) is arranged in the step hole, with one end abutting against the step in the step hole and the other end abutting against the second pressure plate (904); the fixing member (905) passes through the fixing hole, the spring (903) and the step hole and is fixed on the first pressure plate (901), thereby connecting the first pressure plate (901) with the second pressure plate (904).

5. The automatic speed-changing electric winch according to claim 4, characterized in that: The friction element (902) is an annular friction ring, and the diameter of the friction ring is smaller than the diameter of the support disk; A plurality of external splines are arranged on the outer periphery of the friction ring, and a plurality of grooves are arranged on the end face of the gear ring of the planetary gear set of a certain stage, wherein the external splines are embedded in the grooves so that the friction element (902) and the gear ring of the planetary gear set of a certain stage remain relatively fixed.

6. The automatic speed-changing electric winch according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pin is provided on one side of the support plate facing the second pressure plate (904), a connecting hole is provided on the sun gear of the adjacent planetary gear set or the power output element, and a through hole is provided at the center of the second pressure plate (904), and the pin passes through the through hole and extends into the connecting hole; The pin shaft is provided with a spiral groove, and the connecting hole is provided with a spiral key matched with the spiral groove; or the pin shaft is provided with a spiral key, and the connecting hole is provided with a spiral groove matched with the spiral key.

7. The automatic speed-changing electric winch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly also includes a one-way clutch (8), which is arranged on the ring gear of the planetary gear set of a certain stage, so that the ring gear of the planetary gear set of a certain stage is allowed to rotate in a first direction, but is prohibited from rotating in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

8. The automatic speed-changing electric winch according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The electric winch also includes a shell, which surrounds the outside of the speed change assembly and supports the speed change assembly.

9. The automatic speed-changing electric winch according to claim 8, characterized in that: The speed change assembly comprises a first-stage planetary gear set (1), a second-stage planetary gear set (2) and a third-stage planetary gear set (3); The first-stage planetary gear set (1) comprises a first-stage sun gear, a first-stage ring gear, a first-stage planet carrier (103) and a plurality of first-stage planetary gears; the second-stage planetary gear set (2) comprises a second-stage sun gear (201), a second-stage ring gear (202), a second-stage planet carrier (203) and a plurality of second-stage planetary gears (204); the third-stage planetary gear set (3) comprises a third-stage sun gear (301), a third-stage ring gear, a third-stage planet carrier and a plurality of third-stage planetary gears; In terms of transmission, the first-stage planet carrier (103) of the first-stage planetary gear set (1) is connected to the second-stage sun gear (201) of the second-stage planetary gear set, the second-stage planet carrier (203) of the second-stage planetary gear set (2) is connected to the third-stage sun gear (301) of the third-stage planetary gear set (3), and the third-stage planet carrier of the third-stage planetary gear set (3) is connected to the drum (2); The first-stage sun gear serves as the power input element, and the third-stage planet carrier serves as the power output element.

10. The automatic speed-changing electric winch according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clutch unit (9) is arranged on a second-stage planet carrier (203) of a second-stage planetary gear set (2); The one-way clutch (8) is arranged between the second-stage ring gear (202) of the second-stage planetary gear set (2) and the housing; the first-stage ring gear and the third-stage ring gear are fixed on the housing; The second-stage planet carrier (203) is connected to the third-stage sun gear (301) of the third-stage planetary gear set (3) via a pin shaft.

Images