Long-acting compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a long-acting compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of crop fertilizers. The fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of a water-soluble fertilizer, 12-32 parts of a potassium dimethyladipate solution and 36-64 parts of a premixture, wherein the pre-mixture is prepared from N-(benzyl) imino dicarbon imino diamide, 5-amino-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester and pretreated waste according to the mass ratio of 1: (0.5 to 1.2): (6 to 9), and the pretreated waste is prepared from straw and wood waste. The cyclic structure of the 5-amino-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester can delay the release of self nitrogen, and the 5-amino-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester is matched with a quick-acting nitrogen source (N-(benzyl) imino dicarbon imino diamide), so that a'fast-slow 'combined nitrogen supply mode is realized, and the fertilizer efficiency period is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crop fertilizers, and specifically relates to a long-acting compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] China is a country with a large population, and food production occupies an important position in the development of agricultural production. Usually, the ways to increase food production are to expand the cultivated area or increase the yield per unit area. According to China's national conditions, the potential to continue expanding the cultivated area is limited. Although there are still many uncultivated lands in China, most of them have problems such as high investment and great difficulty. This determines that China's food production increase must rely on the way of increasing the yield per unit area. Moreover, crops need to be applied with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, and also need to be rich in many minerals and trace elements such as calcium, iron, sulfur, and zinc. Among them, nitrogen is mostly absorbed during the growth process, and nitrogen fertilizer has an obvious effect on increasing the yield of fruit trees.

[0003] At present, the most commonly used fertilizer is compound fertilizer, which takes nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium as the main nutrients. However, in actual use, it is found that the nutrients in the fertilizer are seriously lost, resulting in low fertilizer utilization rate. At the same time, the absorption of trace elements such as iron, zinc, and manganese by crops is poor, and a large amount of fertilizer needs to be added to meet the needs of crops, which not only increases the production cost but also easily causes environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a long-acting compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a long-acting compound fertilizer, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of water-soluble fertilizer, 12-32 parts of dimethyl adipate potassium solution, and 36-64 parts of premix; wherein the premix includes N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide, methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate, and pretreated waste in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1.2:6-9, and the pretreated waste includes straw and wood waste.

[0006] Further, the dimethyl adipate potassium solution is obtained by mixing dimethyl adipate potassium and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:3-5.

[0007] Further, the straw and wood waste are crushed to a particle size of 0.3-1.0 mm.

[0008] Further, the particle sizes of N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide and methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate are both 75-100 μm.

[0009] Further, the premix also includes deionized water accounting for 4%-6% of the total mass.

[0010] Further, a preparation method of a long-acting compound fertilizer includes the following preparation steps:

[0011] (1) Crush straws and wood wastes to a particle size of 0.3-1.0 mm, remove impurities, and dry them at 50-70 °C to obtain pretreated wastes; grind N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide and methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate to a particle size of 75-100 μm respectively; mix and stir N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide, methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate and pretreated wastes according to a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1.2:6-9, with a stirring rate of 150-300 rpm and a stirring time of 20-40 minutes; then add deionized water accounting for 4%-6% of the total mass of the above mixture, and let it stand at 40-50 °C for 3-6 hours to obtain a premix;

[0012] (2) Mix potassium dimethyl adipate and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1:3-5, and stir at 200-400 rpm at 50-60 °C for 30-40 minutes until the solution is clear to obtain a potassium dimethyl adipate solution;

[0013] (3) Add a water-soluble fertilizer to the potassium dimethyl adipate solution, stir at 150-300 rpm at 30-40 °C for 10-20 minutes to obtain a premixed solution; evenly spray the premixed solution onto the premix, and continue to stir for 20-40 minutes to obtain a long-acting compound fertilizer.

[0014] Further, in the step (1), the mass ratio of N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide, methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate and pretreated wastes is preferably 1:0.7:8.

[0015] Further, in the step (2), the mass ratio of potassium dimethyl adipate and deionized water is preferably 1:4.

[0016] Further, the water-soluble fertilizer includes at least one of water-soluble nitrogen fertilizer, water-soluble phosphorus fertilizer and water-soluble potassium fertilizer.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0018] (1) In the present invention, N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide and methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate are first mixed and added to straw and wood processing waste to obtain a premix. N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide contains multiple amino and amide groups, as well as a benzyl group. The amide group releases NH3 through hydrolysis cleavage, and the benzyl group undergoes oxidative metabolism under the action of oxidase to generate benzoic acid and release NH3 at the same time; methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate contains a triazole ring and an amino group. The triazole ring undergoes a ring-opening reaction under the action of microbial enzymes to release a nitrogen-containing intermediate. At the same time, the amino group (-NH2) can directly release NH3 through hydrolysis or deamination. Thus, both N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide and methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate can be used as nitrogen sources for organisms to absorb and utilize. In addition, the porous structures of lignin and cellulose in straw and wood processing waste can physically adsorb N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide to form a slow-release microenvironment. Moreover, the hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds formed by the amino and amide groups in N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide with the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in straw and wood processing waste can delay the nitrogen release rate and are not easily directly decomposed by soil microorganisms, thereby prolonging the residence time of N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide in the soil, enhancing the slow-release effect, and meeting the long-term needs of plants; furthermore, the cyclic structure of methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate will delay the release of its own nitrogen. When paired with a quick-acting nitrogen source (N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide), it realizes a nitrogen supply mode of "fast-slow" combination, further prolonging the fertilizer efficiency period.

[0019] (2) Secondly, in the present invention, a water-soluble fertilizer is added to a solution of potassium dimethyladipate to form a premixed solution, and then the premixed solution is sprayed onto the premix. Since potassium dimethyladipate is a water-soluble salt, it dissociates into carboxylate ions and potassium ions. The carboxylate ions can act as ligands to form coordination bonds with metal ions (such as Ca 2+ , Fe 3+ , etc.), preventing them from forming insoluble precipitates with nutrient components such as phosphorus and nitrogen in the fertilizer, thereby improving the effectiveness of nutrients; the potassium ions can be directly absorbed by plant roots to promote plant growth. In addition, potassium dimethyladipate combines with part of N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide through hydrogen bonds or ionic bonds to form a slow-release complex, which can delay the degradation rate of organic components and prolong the fertilizer efficiency. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the method provided by the present invention, the following examples are described in detail:

[0022] Example 1

[0023] (1) crushing straw and wood waste to a particle size of 0.3 mm, removing impurities, and drying at 50° C. to obtain pretreated waste; grinding N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide and 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester to a particle size of 90 μm; mixing N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide, 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester and the pretreated waste in a mass ratio of 1:0.6:7, stirring at a stirring rate of 200 rpm for 40 minutes; then adding 6% of the total mass of the above mixture with deionized water, and standing at 50° C. for 4 hours to obtain a premix;

[0024] (2) mixing potassium dimethyl adipate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:3, and stirring at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 60° C. until the solution becomes clear, thereby obtaining a potassium dimethyl adipate solution;

[0025] (3) Weighing 20 parts of a water-soluble fertilizer, 12 parts of a potassium dimethyl adipate solution, and 36 parts of a premix by weight, adding the water-soluble fertilizer to the potassium dimethyl adipate solution, wherein the water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of urea, monoammonium phosphate, and potassium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5, stirring at 300 rpm for 20 minutes at 40° C. to obtain a premix; spraying the premix uniformly into the premix, continuing to stir for 20 minutes, and then obtaining a long-acting compound fertilizer.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] (1) crushing straw and wood waste to a particle size of 0.5 mm, removing impurities, and drying at 50° C. to obtain pretreated waste; grinding N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide and 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester to a particle size of 90 μm; mixing N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide, 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester and the pretreated waste in a mass ratio of 1:0.7:8, stirring at a stirring rate of 200 rpm for 40 minutes; then adding 6% of the total mass of the above mixture with deionized water, and standing at 50° C. for 4 hours to obtain a premix;

[0028] (2) mixing potassium dimethyl adipate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:4, and stirring at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 60° C. until the solution becomes clear, thereby obtaining a potassium dimethyl adipate solution;

[0029] (3) 30 parts of a water-soluble fertilizer, 24 parts of a potassium dimethyl adipate solution and 55 parts of a premix are weighed by weight, the water-soluble fertilizer is added to the potassium dimethyl adipate solution, wherein the water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5, and the mixture is stirred at 300 rpm for 20 minutes at 40° C. to obtain a premix; the premix is ​​evenly sprayed into the premix, and the stirring is continued for 20 minutes, thereby obtaining a long-acting compound fertilizer.

[0030] Example 3

[0031] (1) crushing straw and wood waste to a particle size of 0.9 mm, removing impurities, and drying at 50° C. to obtain pretreated waste; grinding N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide and 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester to a particle size of 90 μm; mixing N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide, 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester and the pretreated waste in a mass ratio of 1:0.7:9, stirring at a stirring rate of 200 rpm for 40 minutes; then adding 6% of the total mass of the above mixture with deionized water, and standing at 50° C. for 4 hours to obtain a premix;

[0032] (2) mixing potassium dimethyl adipate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:5, and stirring at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 60° C. until the solution becomes clear, thereby obtaining a potassium dimethyl adipate solution;

[0033] (3) Weigh 40 parts by weight of water-soluble fertilizer, 32 parts of potassium dimethyladipate solution, and 64 parts of premix. Add the water-soluble fertilizer to the potassium dimethyladipate solution. The water-soluble fertilizer accounts for 20%. The water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of urea, monoammonium phosphate, and potassium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5. Stir at 300 rpm for 20 minutes at 40°C to obtain a premixed solution. Spray the premixed solution evenly onto the premix and continue stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a long-acting compound fertilizer.

[0034] Comparative Example 1

[0035] The long-acting compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, and potassium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5.

[0036] Comparative Example 2

[0037] (1) Crush the straw and wood waste to a particle size of 0.5 mm, remove impurities, and dry at 50°C to obtain pretreated waste. Grind methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate to a particle size of 90 μm. Mix and stir methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate and the pretreated waste in a mass ratio of 0.7:8 at a stirring rate of 200 rpm for 40 minutes. Then add 6% of deionized water based on the total mass of the above mixture and let it stand at 50°C for 4 hours to obtain a premix.

[0038] (2) Mix potassium dimethyladipate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:4 and stir at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 60°C until the solution is clear to obtain a potassium dimethyladipate solution.

[0039] (3) Weigh 30 parts by weight of water-soluble fertilizer, 24 parts of potassium dimethyladipate solution, and 55 parts of premix. Add the water-soluble fertilizer to the potassium dimethyladipate solution. The water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of urea, monoammonium phosphate, and potassium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5. Stir at 300 rpm for 20 minutes at 40°C to obtain a premixed solution. Spray the premixed solution evenly onto the premix and continue stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a long-acting compound fertilizer.

[0040] Comparative Example 3

[0041] (1) Crush the straw and wood waste to a particle size of 0.5 mm, remove impurities, and dry at 50°C to obtain pretreated waste. Grind N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide to a particle size of 90 μm. Mix and stir N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide and the pretreated waste in a mass ratio of 1:8 at a stirring rate of 200 rpm for 40 minutes. Then add 6% of deionized water based on the total mass of the above mixture and let it stand at 50°C for 4 hours to obtain a premix.

[0042] (2) Mix dipotassium dimethyladipate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:4, stir at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 60 °C until the solution is clear to obtain a dipotassium dimethyladipate solution.

[0043] (3) Weigh 30 parts by weight of water-soluble fertilizer, 24 parts of dipotassium dimethyladipate solution and 55 parts of premix. Add the water-soluble fertilizer to the dipotassium dimethyladipate solution. The water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5. Stir at 300 rpm for 20 minutes at 40 °C to obtain a premixed solution. Spray the premixed solution evenly onto the premix and continue stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a long-acting compound fertilizer.

[0044] Comparative Example 4

[0045] (1) Grind N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide and methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate to a particle size of 90 μm respectively. Mix and stir N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonimidamide and methyl 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate in a mass ratio of 1:0.7 at a stirring rate of 200 rpm for 40 minutes. Then add 6% of deionized water based on the total mass of the above mixture and let it stand at 50 °C for 4 hours to obtain a premix.

[0046] (2) Mix dipotassium dimethyladipate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:4, stir at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 60 °C until the solution is clear to obtain a dipotassium dimethyladipate solution.

[0047] (3) Weigh 30 parts by weight of water-soluble fertilizer, 24 parts of dipotassium dimethyladipate solution and 55 parts of premix. Add the water-soluble fertilizer to the dipotassium dimethyladipate solution. The water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5. Stir at 300 rpm for 20 minutes at 40 °C to obtain a premixed solution. Spray the premixed solution evenly onto the premix and continue stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a long-acting compound fertilizer.

[0048] Comparative Example 5

[0049] (1) crushing straw and wood waste to a particle size of 0.5 mm, removing impurities, and drying at 50° C. to obtain pretreated waste; grinding N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide and 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester to a particle size of 90 μm; mixing N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide, 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester and the pretreated waste in a mass ratio of 1:0.7:8, stirring at a stirring rate of 200 rpm for 40 minutes; then adding 6% of the total mass of the above mixture with deionized water, and standing at 50° C. for 4 hours to obtain a premix;

[0050] (2) 30 parts of a water-soluble fertilizer and 55 parts of a premix were weighed by weight and stirred at 300 rpm for 20 minutes, wherein the water-soluble fertilizer was composed of urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium carbonate mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5, and then a long-acting compound fertilizer was obtained.

[0051] Effect example

[0052] Rice was used as the experimental object, and the rice variety was Suxiu No. 9. The same area of ​​rice land was taken, and the long-acting compound fertilizers of Examples 1 to 3 of the present application and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were mixed with the soil. The field used in the experiment was green sandy land, and other experimental conditions were the same. The specific yields are shown in Table 1 below.

[0053] Table 1

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] As can be seen from Table 1, the present invention first mixes N-(benzyl) iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide and 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester, adds them to straw and wood processing waste, and obtains a premix; adds a water-soluble fertilizer to a dimethyl potassium adipate solution to form a premixed liquid, and then sprays the premixed liquid into the premixed liquid. The cyclic structure of 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester will delay the release of its own nitrogen, and when combined with a fast-acting nitrogen source (N-(benzyl) iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide), a "fast-slow" combined nitrogen supply mode is achieved, extending the fertilizer effect cycle; because dimethyl potassium adipate is a water-soluble salt, it will dissociate into carboxylate ions and potassium ions, and the carboxylate ions can be used as ligands to bind to metal ions (Ca 2 +、Fe 3+ It forms coordination bonds with phosphorus, nitrogen and other nutrients in fertilizers to prevent them from forming insoluble precipitation, thereby improving the effectiveness of nutrients; potassium ions can be directly absorbed by plant roots to promote plant growth.

[0057] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in any respect, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Accordingly, all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims

1. A long-acting compound fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in a weight ratio: 20-40 parts of water-soluble fertilizer, 12-32 parts of potassium dimethyl adipate solution and 36-64 parts of premix; wherein the premix comprises N-(benzyl) iminodicarboniminodiamide, 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester and pretreated waste in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1.2:6-9, and the pretreated waste comprises straw and wood waste.

2. A long-acting compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The potassium dimethyl adipate solution is obtained by mixing potassium dimethyl adipate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:3-5.

3. The long-acting compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straw and wood waste are crushed to a particle size of 0.3-1.0 mm.

4. The long-acting compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle sizes of the N-(benzyl)iminodicarboniminodiamide and 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester are both 75-100 μm.

5. A long-acting compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The premix further comprises deionized water accounting for 4% to 6% of the total mass.

6. A method for preparing a long-acting compound fertilizer, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: (1) crushing straw and wood waste to a particle size of 0.3-1.0 mm, removing impurities, and drying at 50-70° C. to obtain pretreated waste; grinding N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide and 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester to a particle size of 75-100 μm respectively; mixing N-(benzyl)iminodicarbonyl iminodiamide, 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester and the pretreated waste in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1.2:6-9, stirring at a rate of 150-300 rpm for 20-40 minutes; then adding 4%-6% of the total mass of the mixture of deionized water, and standing at 40-50° C. for 3-6 hours to obtain a premix; (2) mixing potassium dimethyl adipate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:3-5, stirring at 200-400 rpm for 30-40 minutes at 50-60° C. until the solution becomes clear, thereby obtaining a potassium dimethyl adipate solution; (3) adding a water-soluble fertilizer to the potassium dimethyl adipate solution, stirring at 150-300 rpm for 10-20 minutes at 30-40° C. to obtain a premixed solution; spraying the premixed solution evenly into the premixed solution, continuing to stir for 20-40 minutes, and then obtaining a long-acting compound fertilizer.

7. The method for preparing a long-acting compound fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step (1), the mass ratio of N-(benzyl)iminodicarboniminodiamide, 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester and the pre-treated waste is preferably 1:0.7:

8.

8. The method for preparing a long-acting compound fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step (2), the mass ratio of potassium dimethyl adipate to deionized water is preferably 1:

4.

9. The method for preparing a long-acting compound fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water-soluble fertilizer includes at least one of water-soluble nitrogen fertilizer, water-soluble phosphorus fertilizer and water-soluble potassium fertilizer.

Images