Modular medical rescue shelter system and rescue method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of square cabins, and discloses a modular medical rescue square cabin system and a rescue method.The modular medical rescue square cabin system comprises a decontamination square cabin, a dose detection square cabin and a first-aid square cabin, the decontamination square cabin comprises a clothes changing initial inspection room, a decontamination room, a skin drying room and a reinspection room which are sequentially communicated, the decontamination room is provided with a first decontamination device, and the dose detection square cabin comprises a detection room; the detection room is provided with an internal and external irradiation dose detection device, the first-aid shelter comprises a first-aid room, and the first-aid room is provided with a decontamination treatment bed and a second decontamination device. According to the modularized medical rescue shelter system, the three modularized shelters with different functions are arranged to form the modularized medical rescue shelter system, personnel can be reasonably and specifically classified and disposed according to the radioactive contamination conditions of the personnel with different injury conditions, and targeted rescue of the personnel is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mobile cabins, and particularly to a modular medical rescue mobile cabin system and a rescue method. Background Art

[0002] At present, nuclear technology is widely used in the fields of nuclear industry, military, health, scientific research, etc. Under normal circumstances, radioactive substances are all in an environment of shielding and strict management. However, once a nuclear accident or nuclear attack occurs, it will cause the diffusion of radioactive substances, which will further lead to the radioactive contamination of people and the environment, and cause radioactive harm to a certain range of personnel groups.

[0003] In the related art, generally, decontamination mobile cabins or tents are deployed on site to perform emergency decontamination on ordinary personnel, and then the personnel are sent to medical institutions for subsequent medical treatment. Although such a medical rescue method can avoid continuous radioactive harm to personnel, it lacks reasonable classification of personnel and is not conducive to targeted rescue of personnel; in addition, for severely injured or lying wounded, there is a lack of a rescue platform for on-site decontamination and emergency treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a modular medical rescue mobile cabin system and a rescue method to solve the problem that the existing medical rescue method is not conducive to targeted rescue of personnel.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a modular medical rescue mobile cabin system, including a decontamination mobile cabin, a dose detection mobile cabin, and an emergency rescue mobile cabin. The decontamination mobile cabin includes a dressing and preliminary inspection room, a decontamination room, a skin drying room, and a re-inspection room that are connected in sequence. The decontamination room is provided with a first decontamination device. The dose detection mobile cabin includes a detection room, and the detection room is provided with an internal and external irradiation dose detection device. The emergency rescue mobile cabin includes an emergency rescue room, and the emergency rescue room is provided with a decontamination and treatment bed and a second decontamination device.

[0006] Beneficial Effects: The modular medical rescue mobile cabin system is provided with three mobile cabins. Personnel contaminated by radioactivity on site are first classified. Among them, personnel in serious conditions who cannot decontaminate themselves are sent by medical staff to the emergency rescue mobile cabin, and the body surface is decontaminated and first aid is carried out with the help of the decontamination and treatment bed and the second decontamination device. Other personnel who can decontaminate themselves enter the decontamination mobile cabin to decontaminate the body surface with the help of the first decontamination device, and then enter the dose detection mobile cabin to evaluate the received radiation dose, so as to arrange the subsequent treatment of personnel according to the received dose; by setting three modular mobile cabins with different functions, it is possible to reasonably and specifically classify and dispose of personnel according to the radioactive contamination conditions of different personnel, which is helpful for targeted rescue of personnel.

[0007] In an alternative embodiment, the first decontamination device includes a full-body shower head and a local shower head, and the rated water pressure of the local shower head is less than that of the full-body shower head.

[0008] Advantageous effects: The full-body shower head is suitable for flushing the whole body of a person, and the local shower head is suitable for flushing local parts such as the mouth, eyes, and wounds that are difficult to effectively cover by the full-body shower. The setting of the local shower head helps to improve the decontamination effect of the person. The local shower head uses a relatively small rated water pressure to avoid damaging sensitive parts of the person such as the conjunctiva and mucous membranes.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the second decontamination device includes a decontamination pool, and the decontamination treatment bed includes a drain hole.

[0010] Advantageous effects: Persons who are unable to decontaminate themselves are placed on the decontamination treatment bed, and medical staff draw water from the decontamination pool to decontaminate the body surface and wounds of the person. The sewage generated by the decontamination can drain away along the drain hole. The use of a decontamination treatment bed with a drain hole can facilitate the decontamination operation for persons with limited mobility.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes a connection passage that sealingly connects the exit of the decontamination shelter and the entrance of the dose detection shelter.

[0012] Advantageous effects: Persons who have completed decontamination in the decontamination shelter enter the dose detection shelter through the connection passage for subsequent dose detection. The setting of the connection passage can prevent the air containing radioactive substances outside from re-contaminating the persons after decontamination.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the decontamination shelter is provided with a first fresh air device, and the dose detection shelter is provided with a second fresh air device. The first fresh air device is used to form a positive pressure environment in the decontamination shelter, and the second fresh air device is used to form a positive pressure environment in the dose detection shelter.

[0014] Advantageous effects: The first fresh air device inputs filtered clean fresh air into the decontamination shelter, and the second fresh air device inputs filtered clean fresh air into the dose detection shelter, thereby forming a positive pressure environment in the decontamination shelter and the dose detection shelter to prevent the air containing radioactive substances outside from polluting the internal environment.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the first fresh air device includes a first fresh air fan that is used to convey fresh air to the re-inspection room. The decontamination shelter is further provided with a first exhaust valve that communicates the dressing and initial inspection room with the external environment and can be opened in response to the pressure in the dressing and initial inspection room being greater than the first positive pressure.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Fresh air enters the decontamination shelter from the re-inspection room, passes through the dry skin room, the decontamination room, and the preliminary inspection room in sequence, and finally is discharged from the first exhaust valve of the dressing and preliminary inspection room. Thus, an air flow opposite to the movement route of personnel is formed inside the decontamination shelter, preventing air containing radioactive substances from entering the dry skin room from the dressing and preliminary inspection room along with the movement of personnel, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the dry skin room and preventing the personnel after decontamination from being re-contaminated.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the second fresh air device includes a second fresh air fan for delivering fresh air to the detection room. The dose detection shelter is further provided with a third exhaust valve that communicates the detection room with the external environment and can be opened in response to the pressure in the detection room being greater than a third positive pressure, where the third positive pressure is greater than the first positive pressure.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The third exhaust valve maintains the rated pressure of the dose detection shelter at the third positive pressure. Since the third positive pressure is greater than the first positive pressure, when personnel enter the dose detection shelter from the decontamination shelter, the gas flows from the detection room to the connection channel along the pressure gradient, forming an air flow opposite to the movement route of personnel, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the detection room.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the first aid shelter is provided with a third fresh air device and a third exhaust device for forming a positive pressure environment inside the first aid shelter.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The third fresh air device inputs filtered clean fresh air into the first aid shelter, thereby forming a positive pressure environment inside the first aid shelter to prevent the external air containing radioactive substances from polluting the internal environment. The third exhaust device efficiently discharges the air inside the first aid shelter, thereby helping the air cleanliness inside the first aid shelter to quickly reach the level required for surgery and facilitating the rapid start of first aid for personnel.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the first aid shelter is further provided with an air curtain device for generating an air curtain covering the entrance and exit of the first aid shelter.

[0022] Beneficial effects: When personnel enter and exit, the air curtain formed by the air curtain device can prevent pollutants in the external air from entering the first aid room, thereby reducing the pollutants brought into the first aid room when personnel enter and exit, reducing the workload of the third fresh air device, and helping the air cleanliness inside the first aid room to reach the target level faster and enabling the rapid start of first aid for the wounded.

[0023] Second aspect, the present invention further provides a rescue method, which uses the modular medical rescue shelter system provided by the present invention. The rescue method includes: performing triage on personnel, and dividing the personnel into at least severely injured patients, lying patients, and other personnel; sending the severely injured patients and the lying patients into the first aid shelter, and performing decontamination and first aid treatment on the severely injured patients and the lying patients; the other personnel enter the decontamination shelter and the dose detection shelter in sequence, and perform surface decontamination and dose detection by themselves; classifying the other personnel according to the results of the dose detection, so as to arrange subsequent medical treatment.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The rescue method uses the modular medical rescue shelter system provided by the present invention, and thus correspondingly has the beneficial effects brought by the modular medical rescue shelter system, which will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a modular medical rescue shelter system according to an embodiment of the present invention, which shows the overall structures of the decontamination shelter, the dose detection shelter, and the first aid shelter;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the decontamination shelter and the dose detection shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention, which shows the movement routes of personnel in the two shelters;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the decontamination shelter and the dose detection shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention, which shows the flow routes of gas in the two shelters;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the decontamination shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first aid shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the decontamination and treatment bed according to an embodiment of the present invention, which shows the placement method of the stretcher on the decontamination and treatment bed.

[0032] Description of the reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Decontamination Shelter; 101. Initial Dressing and Inspection Room; 102. Decontamination and Disinfection Room; 103. Skin Drying Room; 104. Re-inspection Room; 105. First Buffer Room; 1061. Full-body Sprinkler; 1062. Local Sprinkler; 1071. First Fresh Air Fan; 1072. First Exhaust Valve; 1073. Second Exhaust Valve; 108. First Cabin Door; 109. First Contaminated Goods Cabinet; 2. Dosage Detection Shelter; 201. Detection Room; 202. Second Buffer Room; 203. Internal and External Irradiation Dosage Detection Device; 2041. Second Fresh Air Fan; 2042. Third Exhaust Valve; 205. Second Cabin Door; 3. First Aid Shelter; 301. Decontamination and Treatment Bed; 302. Stretcher; 303. Second Decontamination Device; 304. Third Cabin Door; 3051. Third Fresh Air Fan; 3052. Fourth Exhaust Valve; 306. Air Curtain Device; 3071. Second Contaminated Goods Cabinet; 3072. Instrument Table; 3073. Oxygen Cylinder; 3074. Toilet; 3075. Seat; 308. Air Filter; 4. Connection Passageway. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless otherwise clearly specified in the context, the singular forms "a" and "an" as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms "include", "comprise", and "have" are inclusive and thus specify the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0036] Although terms such as first and second may be used herein to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second", and other numerical terms do not imply an order or sequence when used in the present application. Additionally, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "arranged" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] For ease of description, spatial relative relationship terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figure with respect to another element or feature. These relative relationship terms are, for example, "end", "length", "inner", "outer", etc. Such spatial relative relationship terms are intended to include different orientations of the mechanism during use or operation in addition to the orientations depicted in the figure. For example, if the mechanism in the figure is flipped, then an element described as "under" or "below" another element or feature will subsequently be oriented as "above" or "over" another element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary term "under" can include both upper and lower orientations. The mechanism can be oriented otherwise (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative relationship descriptors used in the text are accordingly interpreted.

[0038] In response to a sudden nuclear accident, related technologies generally deploy decontamination cabins 1 on-site to perform emergency decontamination on personnel, and then send the personnel to medical institutions for subsequent medical treatment. However, the personnel situation on-site is complex, and a single decontamination cabin 1 is difficult to meet the rescue needs of different personnel. Moreover, decontamination can only remove radioactive substances on the surface of the personnel, but cannot evaluate the exposure situation of the personnel and the level of radioactive substances in the body, which is not conducive to subsequent targeted medical treatment of the personnel.

[0039] The following Figures 1 to 6 describes the embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5, according to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a modular medical rescue shelter system is provided, including a decontamination shelter 1, a dose detection shelter 2, and an emergency rescue shelter 3. The decontamination shelter 1 includes a dressing and preliminary examination room 101, a decontamination room 102, a dry skin room 103, and a re-examination room 104 that are connected in sequence. The decontamination room 102 is provided with a first decontamination device. The dose detection shelter 2 includes a detection room 201, and the detection room 201 is provided with an internal and external irradiation dose detection device 203. The emergency rescue shelter 3 includes an emergency rescue room, and the emergency rescue room is provided with a decontamination and treatment bed 301 and a second decontamination device 303.

[0041] In response to a sudden nuclear accident, medical staff classify the personnel contaminated by radioactivity at the scene. Among them, those with serious conditions and unable to decontaminate themselves (such as seriously injured patients) are sent by medical staff into the emergency rescue shelter 3 and placed on the decontamination and treatment bed 301, and the medical staff perform body surface decontamination and first aid with the help of the second decontamination device 303. Other personnel who can decontaminate themselves first enter the decontamination shelter 1, take off the clothes contaminated with radioactive substances on their bodies in the dressing and preliminary examination room 101, and initially simply check their body surface status by visual inspection and other means. They decontaminate the radioactive substances on the body surface by themselves with the help of the first decontamination device in the decontamination room 102, dry their bodies in the dry skin room 103, and then enter the re-examination room 104 to evaluate whether the decontamination effect is qualified. If the decontamination is qualified, the personnel enter the dose detection shelter 2, and the internal and external irradiation dose detection device 203 is used to evaluate the received radiation dose, so as to arrange the subsequent treatment of the personnel according to the received dose. If the decontamination is unqualified, the personnel go back to the decontamination room 102 for decontamination again.

[0042] By setting three modular shelters with different functions, the decontamination shelter 1 and the dose detection shelter 2 serve the personnel with the ability of self-decontamination and in need of subsequent classified treatment, and the emergency rescue shelter 3 serves the personnel without the ability of self-decontamination and in need of on-site first aid. It can reasonably and specifically classify and dispose of the personnel according to the radioactive contamination conditions of different personnel, which helps the targeted rescue of the personnel.

[0043] Optionally, in order to ensure the one-way movement of the personnel and avoid the reverse movement of the unqualified decontaminated personnel, the dressing and preliminary examination room 101 is also directly connected to the re-examination room 104. In this way, the personnel whose decontamination effect is evaluated as unqualified in the re-examination room 104 can directly enter the dressing and preliminary examination room 101, and then go back to the decontamination room 102 again according to the direction of the personnel, ensuring the orderliness of the personnel movement.

[0044] It can be understood that in order to provide different functions and meet the treatment needs of different types of personnel, different facilities and equipment are adaptively equipped in the decontamination shelter 1, the dose detection shelter 2, and the emergency rescue shelter 3.

[0045] Optionally, referring to Figure 4, in some embodiments, the first decontamination device includes a full-body shower head 1061 and a local shower head 1062. The full-body shower head 1061 is adapted to rinse the whole body of a person, and the local shower head 1062 is adapted to rinse local parts such as the mouth, eyes, wounds, etc. that are difficult to effectively cover by the full-body shower. The provision of the local shower head 1062 helps to improve the decontamination effect of the person. Exemplarily, the full-body shower head 1061 can use a conventional shower head, and the local shower head 1062 can use a relatively small-sized nozzle.

[0046] Further, in some embodiments, the rated water pressure of the local shower head 1062 is less than that of the full-body shower head 1061. The use of a relatively small rated water pressure for the local shower head 1062 helps to avoid damaging sensitive parts of the person such as the conjunctiva and mucous membranes during decontamination.

[0047] In some embodiments, the decontamination shelter 1 further includes a first waste cabinet 109, which is arranged in the initial dressing and inspection room 101. The clothes contaminated with radioactive substances changed by the person can be uniformly stored in the first waste cabinet 109 for convenient centralized collection and treatment.

[0048] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first waste cabinet 109 abuts against the cabin wall of the decontamination shelter 1, and the cabin wall is provided with a first clothing-taking door corresponding to the first waste cabinet 109. The staff can directly take the clothes in the first waste cabinet 109 from the outside through the first clothing-taking door without entering the decontamination shelter 1, improving the convenience of use of the decontamination shelter 1.

[0049] In some embodiments, the re-inspection room 104 includes a full-body contamination detector, which uses plastic scintillation detection technology to detect the contaminants carried by the person. A hair dryer is provided in the dry skin room 103 to provide hot air for removing the liquid water on the body surface, preventing the wounded from catching cold and ensuring the normal use of the full-body contamination detector for re-inspection.

[0050] In addition, the decontamination shelter 1 further includes a first hatch 108, which is used to separate the various cabins of the decontamination shelter 1 (i.e., the initial dressing and inspection room 101, the decontamination room 102, the dry skin room 103 and the re-inspection room 104) and the cabin and the external environment. The first hatch 108 is closed when there is no one passing by to reduce the gas exchange between the cabins and the gas exchange between the cabin and the external environment.

[0051] Optionally, in some embodiments, in addition to the internal and external irradiation dose detection, the dose detection shelter 2 can also be equipped with detection functions such as neutron dose detection and personal γ dose detection. Exemplarily, a thermoluminescence reader can be selected for personal γ dose detection, and the personal thermoluminescence dosimeter worn by the person is sent into the thermoluminescence reader for personal γ dose detection.

[0052] It is understandable that the internal and external radiation dose detection devices 203 used in the dose detection mobile cabin 2 can select existing mature detection products and methods, such as using whole-body counters and local counters for in-vivo measurement of personnel, etc., which will not be elaborated here.

[0053] In some embodiments, the detection room 201 is also equipped with a clean wardrobe for placing disposable full-body contamination protective clothing. Personnel wear full-body contamination protective clothing and protective masks here to conduct radiation dose detection, and then leave the cabin after the detection is completed.

[0054] In addition, the dose detection mobile cabin 2 further includes a second cabin door 205. The second cabin door 205 is used to separate the various cabins of the decontamination mobile cabin 1 (such as the detection room 201) and the cabin from the external environment. The second cabin door 205 is closed when there is no one passing through to reduce the gas exchange between the cabins and the gas exchange between the cabin and the external environment.

[0055] Optionally, referring to Figure 5 , in some embodiments, the second decontamination device 303 includes a decontamination pool, and the decontamination and rescue bed 301 includes drain holes.

[0056] Persons who cannot decontaminate themselves are placed on the decontamination and rescue bed 301. Medical staff take water from the decontamination pool to decontaminate the body surface and wounds of the persons, and the sewage generated by the decontamination can drain away along the drain holes. Using the decontamination and rescue bed 301 with drain holes can facilitate the decontamination operation for persons with limited mobility.

[0057] Furthermore, referring to Figure 6 , the decontamination and rescue bed 301 may include a fastening structure for locking the stretcher 302 for transporting the wounded. By setting the fastening structure, it can ensure that the stretcher 302 is stably placed on the decontamination and rescue bed 301. Exemplarily, the fastening structure includes clamps, and the clamps are arranged at the four corners of the decontamination and rescue bed 301 for fastening with the handles of the stretcher 302 to achieve rapid locking. In addition to this, the fastening structure can also adopt other fastening forms in related technologies, which will not be elaborated here.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first aid mobile cabin 3 further includes a second waste cabinet 3071, and the second waste cabinet 3071 is arranged in the first aid room. The second waste cabinet 3071 is used to collect the waste generated during the first aid process for subsequent centralized treatment.

[0059] Optionally, referring to Figure 5, in some embodiments, the second waste cabinet 3071 abuts against the cabin wall of the cabin of the first aid shelter 3. The second waste cabinet 3071 is open on the side facing the cabin wall, and the cabin wall is provided with a second clothes-taking door corresponding to the second waste cabinet 3071. The staff can directly take the clothes in the second waste cabinet 3071 from the outside through the second clothes-taking door without entering the first aid shelter 3, which improves the convenience of use of the first aid shelter 3.

[0060] In some embodiments, an instrument table 3072 and an ultraviolet lamp are further provided in the first aid room for placing first aid-related drugs (such as anti-radiation drugs and enhanced excretion drugs), instruments, and for disinfecting the instruments and the environment. In some embodiments, portable first aid ventilators, defibrillation monitors, electric suction devices, oxygen cylinders 3073, infusion hooks, infusion pumps and other first aid instruments are further provided in the first aid room.

[0061] In some embodiments, a toilet 3074 and a seat 3075 are further provided in the first aid room. During the break of the operation, the medical staff can rest on the seat 3075 and solve urgent physiological needs through the toilet 3074, reducing the frequency of entering and leaving the first aid room and avoiding the introduction of pollutants due to the entry and exit of personnel. Optionally, the toilet 3074 can use a portable toilet 3074 that is not connected to the external environment, and the excrement is collected in the toilet 3074 for subsequent treatment.

[0062] In addition, the first aid shelter 3 further includes a third hatch 304. The third hatch 304 is used to separate the various cabins (such as the first aid room) of the first aid shelter 3 and the cabin and the external environment. The third hatch 304 is closed when there is no one passing by to reduce the gas exchange between the cabins and the gas exchange between the cabin and the external environment.

[0063] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in some embodiments, the modular medical rescue shelter system further includes a connection passage 4. The connection passage 4 is hermetically connected to the exit of the decontamination shelter 1 and the entrance of the dose detection shelter 2. The personnel who have been decontaminated in the decontamination shelter 1 enter the dose detection shelter 2 through the connection passage 4 for subsequent dose detection. The setting of the connection passage 4 can prevent the air containing radioactive substances in the external environment from re-contaminating the personnel after decontamination.

[0064] In some embodiments, the decontamination cabin 1 is provided with a first fresh air device, and the dose detection cabin 2 is provided with a second fresh air device. The first fresh air device is used to form a positive pressure environment in the decontamination cabin 1, and the second fresh air device is used to form a positive pressure environment in the dose detection cabin 2. The first fresh air device inputs filtered clean fresh air into the decontamination cabin 1, and the second fresh air device inputs filtered clean fresh air into the dose detection cabin 2, so as to form a positive pressure environment in the decontamination cabin 1 and the dose detection cabin 2, and prevent the external air containing radioactive substances from polluting the internal environment.

[0065] Further, in some embodiments, the first fresh air device includes a first fresh air fan 1071. The first fresh air fan 1071 is used to convey fresh air to the re-inspection room 104. The decontamination cabin 1 is further provided with a first exhaust valve 1072. The first exhaust valve 1072 communicates the dressing and initial inspection room 101 with the external environment and can be opened in response to the pressure in the dressing and initial inspection room 101 being greater than the first positive pressure.

[0066] On the one hand, compared with the uncontrolled leakage of fresh air from the gaps of the decontamination cabin 1, by setting the first exhaust valve 1072 to discharge air at a fixed point after the pressure exceeds the first positive pressure, the positive pressure level inside the decontamination cabin 1 can be controlled more reliably. On the other hand, fresh air enters the decontamination cabin 1 from the re-inspection room 104, passes through the dry skin room 103 and the decontamination room 102, and finally is discharged from the first exhaust valve 1072 of the dressing and initial inspection room 101. Thus, an air flow opposite to the movement route of personnel is formed inside the decontamination cabin 1, preventing the air containing radioactive substances from entering the dry skin room 103 from the dressing and initial inspection room 101 along with the movement of personnel, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the dry skin room 103 and preventing the personnel after decontamination from being re-polluted.

[0067] In some embodiments, the second fresh air device includes a second fresh air fan 2041. The second fresh air fan 2041 is used to convey fresh air to the detection room 201. The dose detection cabin 2 is further provided with a third exhaust valve 2042. The third exhaust valve 2042 communicates the detection room 201 with the external environment and can be opened in response to the pressure in the detection room 201 being greater than the third positive pressure, and the third positive pressure is greater than the first positive pressure.

[0068] The third exhaust valve 2042 maintains the rated pressure of the dose detection cabin 2 at the third positive pressure. Since the third positive pressure is greater than the first positive pressure, when personnel enter the dose detection cabin 2 from the decontamination cabin 1, the gas flows from the detection room 201 to the connection channel 4 along the pressure gradient, forming an air flow opposite to the movement route of personnel, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the detection room 201.

[0069] Using an independent second fresh air fan 2041 and a third exhaust valve 2042 to separately control the pressure of the detection chamber 201 can reduce the load on the first fresh air fan 1071 and ensure stable pressure control. Additionally, after the detection is completed and personnel leave the dose detection cabin 2, unfiltered outside air may enter the detection chamber 201 when leaving. By setting the third exhaust valve 2042 that communicates with the outside, it is possible to prevent the pollution received by the detection chamber 201 from spreading to the compartments of the decontamination cabin 1.

[0070] It should be noted that due to the long gas flow path, a single first exhaust valve 1072 is difficult to ensure that gas does not flow reversely in the decontamination cabin 1. Therefore, in related technologies, exhaust valves are generally configured separately in each compartment, different opening pressures are set for each exhaust valve, and the opening degrees of each exhaust valve are independently controlled to form a pressure gradient that decreases sequentially from large to small.

[0071] However, in application scenarios such as maritime rescue, due to the disturbance of external wind force, the ambient air pressure around the cabin fluctuates, which causes changes in the air supply volume of the fresh air fan and the exhaust volume of the exhaust valve. There is still a possibility that external gas enters the cabin through the exhaust valve, and even the pressure gradient is damaged, resulting in reverse gas flow between compartments and causing the compartments to be contaminated.

[0072] Increasing the rated positive pressure of the compartment with the lowest pressure (which is increasing the first positive pressure in the present invention) and the rated pressure difference between adjacent compartments can improve the anti-disturbance ability of the flow field, but it will also raise the overall pressure level of the compartment, require too much air supply volume from the fresh air fan, and increase the cost of the cabin.

[0073] Therefore, in some embodiments, the decontamination cabin 1 is further provided with a second exhaust valve 1073 and a first electric lock. The second exhaust valve 1073 communicates the re-inspection room 104 and the dry skin room 103 and can be opened in response to the pressure in the re-inspection room 104 being greater than the second positive pressure, where the second positive pressure is greater than the first positive pressure. First electric locks are provided on the first cabin doors 108 between the decontamination room 102 and the dressing and initial inspection room 101 and between the decontamination room 102 and the dry skin room 103. When any one of the first electric locks is in the unlocked state, the remaining first electric locks are in the locked state.

[0074] On the one hand, the present invention uses the first electric lock to make the decontamination room 102 play a buffering role, avoiding the direct connection between the dressing and initial inspection room 101 and the dry skin room 103, further ensuring the unidirectional flow of air between the dressing and initial inspection room 101, the decontamination room 102, and the dry skin room 103, and preventing other compartments outside the dressing and initial inspection room 101 from being contaminated.

[0075] On the other hand, the buffering effect of the decontamination chamber 102 enables the exhaust air module to not need to actively control the pressure of the decontamination chamber 102 and the dry skin chamber 103, reducing the number of levels of the pressure gradient, contributing to the adoption of a higher first positive pressure and pressure difference, and reducing the risk of external air pollution contaminating the initial dressing inspection chamber 101.

[0076] Specifically, if the pressures of the initial dressing inspection chamber 101, the decontamination chamber 102, the dry skin chamber 103, and the re-inspection chamber 104 are actively controlled by their respective exhaust air valves to form a four-level pressure gradient, in the case where the maximum pressure that the first fresh air fan 1071 can provide is limited, this design method either makes the rated positive pressure of the initial dressing inspection chamber 101 too low to resist external instantaneous high pressure, or makes the pressure difference between the cabins too small, and reverse flow is likely to occur when the pressure fluctuates.

[0077] With the help of the decontamination chamber 102 with a buffering effect in the present invention, it is possible to ensure the directional flow of air in the four cabins with only a two-level pressure gradient, thereby contributing to the adoption of a higher first positive pressure and pressure difference, and reducing the risk of external air pollution contaminating the initial dressing inspection chamber 101.

[0078] Optionally, in some embodiments, the initial dressing inspection chamber 101 and the re-inspection chamber 104 are directly connected, so that the personnel who fail the inspection can directly return from the re-inspection chamber 104 to the initial dressing inspection chamber 101, avoiding reverse flow of people.

[0079] Optionally, in some embodiments, multiple decontamination chambers 102 are arranged in parallel. At this time, each decontamination chamber 102 is for single use, reducing the interference of the interlock of the first electric control lock on the entry and exit of personnel.

[0080] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first positive pressure can be set to not less than 200 Pa, and the pressure difference between the first positive pressure and the second positive pressure can be set to not less than 50 Pa. Adopting a pressure greater than 200 Pa can reduce the risk of gas entering the initial dressing inspection chamber 101 from the first exhaust air valve 1072 under the interference of external wind force, making the positive pressure airtight system for the passage of the medical rescue cabin more suitable for operating in extreme environments such as the sea surface; adopting a pressure difference greater than 50 Pa can reduce the risk of reverse flow of gas between cabins when the pressure fluctuates, and ultimately make each cabin less likely to be contaminated.

[0081] Taking the first positive pressure of 200 Pa and the pressure difference of 50 Pa as an example, if the pressure gradient design method in the related technology is adopted, the pressures of the four cabins increase step by step, and the rated positive pressure of the re-inspection chamber 104 should be 350 Pa, while in the present invention, the re-inspection chamber 104 only needs a positive pressure of 250 Pa, effectively reducing the implementation cost.

[0082] Correspondingly, in the case where the second exhaust valve 1073 is provided, the third positive pressure should be greater than the second positive pressure, and the pressure difference between the second positive pressure and the third positive pressure can also be set to be not less than 50 Pa.

[0083] In some embodiments, the decontamination cabin 1 further includes a first buffer chamber 105, and the dose detection cabin 2 further includes a second buffer chamber 202. Among them, the first buffer chamber 105 is communicated with the dressing and preliminary examination room 101, and a first hatch 108 is provided between the first buffer chamber 105 and the external environment. Personnel first enter the first buffer chamber 105 from the outside and then enter the dressing and preliminary examination room 101; the second buffer chamber 202 is communicated with the detection room 201, and a second hatch 205 is provided between the second buffer chamber 202 and the external environment. Personnel first enter the second buffer chamber 202 from the detection room 201 and then leave the dose detection cabin 2.

[0084] By providing the first buffer chamber 105 and the second buffer chamber 202, it helps to reduce the pollutants brought into the decontamination cabin 1 and the dose detection cabin 2 when personnel enter and exit.

[0085] Optionally, in some embodiments, the decontamination cabin 1 further includes a plurality of second electric control locks, and the dose detection cabin 2 further includes a plurality of third electric control locks. Among them, second electric control locks are provided on the first hatch 108 between the first buffer chamber 105 and the external environment and the first hatch 108 between the first buffer chamber 105 and the dressing and preliminary examination room 101. When any one of the second electric control locks is in the unlocked state, the remaining second electric control locks are in the locked state; third electric control locks are provided on the second hatch 205 between the second buffer chamber 202 and the external environment and the second hatch 205 between the second buffer chamber 202 and the detection room 201. When any one of the third electric control locks is in the unlocked state, the remaining third electric control locks are in the locked state. Setting the second electric control locks and the third electric control locks can prevent the dressing and preliminary examination room 101 and the detection room 201 from being directly communicated with the external environment, thereby further reducing the pollutants brought into the decontamination cabin 1 and the dose detection cabin 2 when personnel enter and exit.

[0086] Refer to Figure 5 , in some embodiments, the first aid cabin 3 is provided with a third fresh air device and a third exhaust device, and the third fresh air device and the third exhaust device are used to form a positive pressure environment in the first aid cabin 3.

[0087] The third fresh air device inputs filtered clean fresh air into the first aid cabin 3, thereby forming a positive pressure environment in the first aid cabin 3 to prevent the external air containing radioactive substances from polluting the internal environment. The third exhaust device efficiently discharges the air in the first aid cabin 3, thereby helping the air cleanliness in the first aid cabin 3 to quickly reach the level required for surgery and facilitating the rapid implementation of first aid for personnel.

[0088] Optionally, the third fresh air device includes a third fresh air fan 3051, and the third exhaust device includes a fourth exhaust valve 3052.

[0089] When people enter and exit, there will be a short-term and local pressure loss at the entrance and exit, and unfiltered external air will enter the first aid shelter 3, polluting the environment inside the first aid shelter 3. Therefore, it is necessary to close the third hatch 304 and wait for the third fresh air device to operate for a period of time until the air cleanliness level inside the first aid shelter 3 reaches the target level before surgery can be performed, which is not conducive to the rapid development of emergency treatment for the wounded.

[0090] Moreover, in some on-site environments, due to relatively strong external wind (such as in the offshore first aid scenario), on the one hand, the ventilation efficiency of the third exhaust device decreases, and on the other hand, pressure loss at the entrance and exit is more likely to occur, resulting in a further extension of the time required for fresh air ventilation before surgery.

[0091] In the decontamination shelter 1 and the dose detection shelter 2, buffer rooms (such as the first buffer room 105 and the second buffer room 202) can be set up to prevent pollutants from entering the interior of the shelter. However, for the first aid shelter 3, the wounded often need to be carried by medical staff through tools such as stretchers 302. Setting up buffer rooms requires too much space, which will occupy the space inside the first aid shelter 3, so the feasibility is relatively low.

[0092] In some embodiments, the first aid shelter 3 is further provided with an air curtain device 306, and the air curtain device 306 is used to generate an air curtain covering the entrance and exit of the first aid shelter 3. When people enter and exit, the air curtain formed by the air curtain device 306 can prevent pollutants in the external air from entering the first aid room, thereby reducing the pollutants brought into the first aid room when people enter and exit, reducing the workload of the third fresh air device, and helping the air cleanliness level in the first aid room to reach the target level faster and enabling the emergency treatment of the wounded to be carried out as soon as possible.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first aid shelter 3 further includes an air filter 308, and the air filter 308 is arranged in the first aid room, and the air filter 308 is used to purify the air in the first aid room.

[0094] The air filter 308 forms an internal circulation in the first aid room, so that it can purify the air in the first aid room together with the third fresh air device, helping the air cleanliness level in the first aid room to reach the target level faster and enabling the emergency treatment of the wounded to be carried out as soon as possible. Since the air filter 308 is not connected to the external environment, it will not be affected by the wind force in the environment, providing a stable air purification effect.

[0095] In some embodiments, the shelters (decontamination shelter, dose detection shelter, first aid shelter) can adopt the structural form of a large panel shelter. In other words, the cabin body of the shelter is composed of sheet plates (top plate, bottom plate, front and rear end plates, left and right side plates, internal partition plates) and a skeleton welded together.

[0096] In some embodiments, the panel is a heat-insulating panel with a sandwich structure, specifically including skins on both the inner and outer sides and a bonded polyurethane foam board located between the skins. A PVC heat-insulating member is provided between the inner skin and the framework to reduce direct heat conduction between them.

[0097] The inner skin can be made of T1.0 stainless steel plate, the outer skin can be made of T2.0 aluminum plate, and the framework can be made of Q235B conventional square tube. The polyurethane foam is formed by mixing isocyanate and polyether combination in a ratio of 1:1 and then foaming, and a polyurethane foam board with the required size is formed by using the high-pressure casting process.

[0098] The panels are connected in the form of welding plus corner wrapping, that is, the overlapping between the panels is welded to ensure the strength of the cabin body. A rigid corner wrapping is further provided outside to further strengthen the strength between the panels. The inner corner wrapping uses a stainless steel angle steel profile with an arc to ensure the easy decontamination characteristics inside the shelter.

[0099] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a rescue method. The rescue method uses the modular medical rescue shelter system provided by the present invention, and the rescue method includes the following steps:

[0100] Perform triage on the personnel, and divide the personnel into at least severely injured patients, lying patients, and other personnel;

[0101] Send the severely injured patients and lying patients into the first aid shelter 3, and perform decontamination and first aid treatment on the severely injured patients and lying patients;

[0102] Other personnel enter the decontamination shelter 1 and the dose detection shelter 2 in sequence to perform surface decontamination and dose detection by themselves;

[0103] According to the results of the dose detection, classify other personnel to arrange subsequent medical treatment.

[0104] The rescue method uses the modular medical rescue shelter system provided by the present invention, so it correspondingly has the beneficial effects brought by the modular medical rescue shelter system, which will not be elaborated here.

[0105] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A modular medical rescue shelter system, characterized in that: include: A decontamination cabin (1) comprises a dressing room (101), a decontamination room (102), a skin drying room (103) and a re-examination room (104) which are connected in sequence, wherein the decontamination room (102) is provided with a first decontamination device; A dose detection cabin (2) comprises a detection room (201), wherein the detection room (201) is provided with an internal and external radiation dose detection device (203); The emergency shelter (3) comprises an emergency room, wherein the emergency room is provided with a decontamination treatment bed (301) and a second decontamination device (303).

2. The modular medical rescue shelter system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first decontamination device comprises a whole-body spray head (1061) and a local spray head (1062), and the rated water pressure of the local spray head (1062) is lower than the rated water pressure of the whole-body spray head (1061).

3. The modular medical rescue shelter system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second decontamination device (303) includes a decontamination pool, and the decontamination treatment bed (301) includes a drainage hole.

4. The modular medical rescue shelter system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a connecting channel (4), wherein the connecting channel (4) seals and connects the outlet of the decontamination cabin (1) and the inlet of the dosage detection cabin (2).

5. The modular medical rescue shelter system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The decontamination cabin (1) is provided with a first fresh air device, and the dosage detection cabin (2) is provided with a second fresh air device, the first fresh air device is used to form a positive pressure environment in the decontamination cabin (1), and the second fresh air device is used to form a positive pressure environment in the dosage detection cabin (2).

6. The modular medical rescue shelter system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first fresh air device comprises a first fresh air fan (1071), and the first fresh air fan (1071) is used to deliver fresh air to the re-inspection room (104). The decontamination cabin (1) is also provided with a first exhaust valve (1072), and the first exhaust valve (1072) connects the changing room (101) and the external environment, and can be opened in response to the pressure of the changing room (101) being greater than the first positive pressure.

7. The modular medical rescue shelter system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second fresh air device comprises a second fresh air fan (2041), the second fresh air fan (2041) is used to deliver fresh air to the detection room (201), and the dose detection cabin (2) is also provided with a third exhaust valve (2042), the third exhaust valve (2042) connects the detection room (201) and the external environment, and can be opened in response to the pressure of the detection room (201) being greater than a third positive pressure, and the third positive pressure is greater than the first positive pressure.

8. The modular medical rescue shelter system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first aid cabin (3) is provided with a third fresh air device and a third exhaust device, and the third fresh air device and the third exhaust device are used to form a positive pressure environment in the first aid cabin (3).

9. The modular medical rescue shelter system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first aid cabin (3) is also provided with a wind curtain device (306), and the wind curtain device (306) is used to generate a wind curtain covering the entrance and exit of the first aid cabin (3).

10. A rescue method, characterized in that: The rescue method uses the modular medical rescue shelter system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the rescue method comprises: triage the personnel and classify them into at least seriously injured persons, recumbent injured persons and other persons; The seriously injured and the recumbent injured are sent to the emergency shelter (3), and decontamination and first aid treatment are performed on the seriously injured and the recumbent injured; The other personnel enter the decontamination cabin (1) and the dose detection cabin (2) in turn, and perform body surface decontamination and dose detection on their own; According to the results of the dose detection, the other personnel are classified so as to arrange subsequent medical treatment.

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