Molten salt catalysis hydrogen nuclear-free reaction steam generator

Abstract

The invention provides a molten salt catalytic hydrogen nuclear-free reaction steam generator, which comprises a high-energy generator, a steam generator and a catalytic furnace, and is characterized in that the high-energy generator is connected to the steam generator through a pipeline; the high-energy generator transmits high-energy heat generated by the fused salt mixture under the high temperature and catalytic action of the high-temperature generator to the steam generator through a pipeline, the steam generator generates steam, one part of the steam is used for industrial purposes, and the other part of the residual heat energy is transmitted to the catalytic furnace through a pipeline. Through the closed-loop design of molten salt catalytic reaction and waste heat feedback, the energy efficiency is improved, the molten salt mixture is utilized to continuously release heat under the catalytic action, heat energy is efficiently converted into industrial steam through the steam generator, meanwhile, the residual heat energy is fed back to the catalytic furnace to maintain the reaction temperature, and the energy efficiency is improved. The system can run in a self-circulation mode without external energy supply after being started, the gradient temperature control design of the multi-stage catalytic furnace further improves the heat stability, and continuous steam production is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of thermal energy engineering and catalytic reaction technology, and particularly to a molten salt catalytic hydrogen-free reaction steam generator. Background Art

[0002] Traditional industrial steam generation systems rely on continuous external energy input (such as coal, gas, or electric heating), and have problems such as high energy consumption, large carbon emissions, and low waste heat utilization rate. Although molten salt thermal energy storage technology can temporarily store heat, it cannot achieve self-sustaining circulation of thermal energy. Most existing catalytic reaction systems require additional energy to maintain the catalytic temperature, resulting in low overall efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a steam generation system that can achieve self-circulation of thermal energy through catalytic reactions to reduce energy consumption and improve sustainability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problems in the technical background, the present invention proposes a molten salt catalytic hydrogen-free reaction steam generator. The molten salt mixture generates high-energy heat under the high temperature and catalytic action of the high-temperature generator. The heat enters the steam generator to generate steam for industrial use, and the remaining thermal energy returns to the multi-stage catalytic furnace to maintain high-temperature catalysis. The start-up heating is no longer carried out, and the catalytic energy required in the high-energy generator is maintained by the returned thermal energy for self-circulation. The specific technical solutions are as follows: A molten salt catalytic hydrogen-free reaction steam generator includes a high-energy generator, a steam generator, and a catalytic furnace. The high-energy generator is connected to the steam generator through a pipeline. The high-energy generator transmits the high-energy heat generated by the molten salt mixture under the high temperature and catalytic action of the high-temperature generator to the steam generator through the pipeline. The steam generator generates steam, and part of the steam is used for industrial purposes, and the other part of the remaining thermal energy is transmitted to the catalytic furnace through the pipeline.

[0005] Further, the remaining thermal energy is transmitted to the catalytic furnace through the pipeline to maintain high-temperature catalysis, thereby triggering the high-energy generator to no longer start heating, and maintaining the catalytic energy required in the high-energy generator by the remaining thermal energy for self-circulation.

[0006] Further, the high-energy generator is internally provided with a molten salt mixture, which undergoes an exothermic reaction under the action of a metal oxide catalyst at a high temperature of 600 - 800 °C to generate high-energy heat.

[0007] Further, the steam generator receives the heat of the high-energy generator through a high-temperature pipeline, converts water into high-pressure steam (pressure 1.5 - 3 MPa), and the steam is output in two paths. The main path is for industrial use, and the waste heat of the branch path is transported to the catalytic furnace through a reflux pipeline.

[0008] Further, the multi-stage catalytic furnace utilizes waste heat to maintain the temperature inside the furnace (≥500°C), providing continuous catalytic energy for the high-energy generator. It is internally equipped with a gradient temperature control layer to ensure efficient heat transfer to the reaction zone.

[0009] Adopting the above technical solution, the following beneficial effects are achieved: Through the closed-loop design of molten salt catalytic reaction and waste heat feedback, the present invention improves energy efficiency. The molten salt mixture continuously releases heat under catalytic action, and the heat energy is efficiently converted into industrial steam through a steam generator. At the same time, the remaining heat energy is fed back to the catalytic furnace to maintain the reaction temperature, enabling the system to operate in a self-circulation mode without external energy supply after startup. The gradient temperature control design of the multi-stage catalytic furnace further enhances the thermal stability and ensures continuous steam production. The present invention is completely independent of fossil fuel dependence during the self-circulation stage, achieving zero-carbon emission operation, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, sustainability, and low operating cost, and is applicable to high-energy consumption fields such as chemical industry and heat supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a molten salt catalytic hydrogen non-nuclear reaction steam generator of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0011] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a molten salt catalytic hydrogen non-nuclear reaction steam generator of the present invention Figure 2 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0012] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0013] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A molten salt catalytic hydrogen non-nuclear reaction steam generator shown, comprising a high-energy generator, a steam generator, and a catalytic furnace. The high-energy generator is connected to the steam generator through a pipeline. The high-energy generator transmits the high-energy heat generated by the molten salt mixture under the high temperature and catalytic action of the high-temperature generator to the steam generator through the pipeline. The steam generator generates steam, and a part of the steam is used for industrial purposes, and the other part of the remaining heat energy is transmitted to the catalytic furnace through the pipeline.

[0014] In this embodiment, the remaining thermal energy is transmitted through a pipeline to a catalytic furnace to maintain high-temperature catalysis, thereby triggering the high-energy generator to stop heating and maintaining the required catalytic energy in the high-energy generator through the remaining thermal energy for self-circulation. The high-energy generator is internally filled with a molten salt mixture, which undergoes an exothermic reaction under the action of a metal oxide catalyst at a high temperature of 600 - 800 °C to generate high-energy heat. The steam generator receives the heat from the high-energy generator through a high-temperature pipeline, converts water into high-pressure steam (pressure 1.5 - 3 MPa), and the steam is output in two paths. The main path is for industrial use, and the waste heat of the branch path is transported to the catalytic furnace through a reflux pipeline. The multi-stage catalytic furnace uses the waste heat to maintain the temperature in the furnace (≥500 °C), provides continuous catalytic energy for the high-energy generator, and is internally provided with a gradient temperature control layer to ensure efficient heat transfer to the reaction zone.

[0015] The practical application of the molten salt catalytic cycle steam generation system of this embodiment in a chemical plant. This system mainly consists of three core units: a high-energy generator (volume 5 m³), a steam generator (evaporation capacity 10 t / h), and a multi-stage catalytic furnace (three-stage catalytic structure). Each unit is connected by a high-temperature resistant alloy pipeline (upper limit of working temperature 900 °C), and the pipeline is covered with a ceramic fiber thermal insulation layer. The high-energy generator is filled with a molten salt mixture of potassium nitrate - sodium nitrite (60:40), and 5% nickel oxide is added as a catalyst.

[0016] The steam generator adopts a double-loop design. The main steam pipeline is connected to chemical production equipment, and the waste heat reflux pipeline is connected to the catalytic furnace. The molten salt in the high-energy generator is heated to 650 °C through an electric heating device. When the temperature reaches 600 °C, the catalytic reaction starts to release heat, and the water inlet valve of the steam generator is opened. The molten salt continuously releases heat to maintain a working temperature of 700 ± 20 °C. The steam generator generates 2.0 MPa saturated steam, and about 85% of the steam is for production use, and 15% of the waste heat steam (pressure reduced to 0.5 MPa) returns to the catalytic furnace. After use, check the molten salt liquid level and catalyst activity daily, clean the scale of the steam generator weekly, and detect the pipeline sealing performance monthly. In the high-energy generator, the molten salt mixture (NaNO3 - KNO3) reacts under the catalysis of nickel oxide. The heat released by the reaction is conducted through the pipe wall to the heat medium (liquid sodium metal), and is transported to the steam generator through a pipeline. The waste heat steam (180 °C) generated by the steam generator enters the three-stage heat exchanger of the catalytic furnace. The first stage: the steam heat maintains the preheating zone of the catalytic furnace at 300 °C. The second stage: the core reaction zone reaches 500 °C to activate the catalyst. The third stage: the heat of the high-temperature zone (600 °C) returns to the high-energy generator through a heat pipe.

[0017] Example 2, see Figure 1 With Figure 2As shown, based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, a stirring device is built into the high-energy generator to promote the flow of molten salt. The inner wall of the container is coated with a SiC-MoSi2 gradient coating. The surface layer of SiC resists thermal shock, the transition layer of MoSi2 conducts heat, and the matrix of Inconel 718 provides high-temperature strength. A eutectic molten salt mixture of potassium nitrate-sodium nitrite is filled, and 5% nickel oxide nanocatalyst is added. The total amount of molten salt accounts for 80% of the volume of the generator. Liquid sodium metal is used as the heat medium and exchanges heat indirectly with the molten salt through a coiled pipe. The outlet temperature of the heat medium is 700 ± 20 °C.

[0018] A three-stage catalytic structure is adopted in the multi-stage catalytic furnace, with a gradient temperature control layer built in. Each layer is filled with a NiO-CeO2 composite catalyst, and the total amount of catalyst is 200 kg. The first-stage preheating zone is at 300 °C, and the waste heat steam is used to preheat the molten salt; the second-stage core reaction zone is at 500 °C to activate the catalyst; the third-stage high-temperature zone is at 600 °C, and the heat is returned to the high-energy generator through a heat pipe.

[0019] Liquid sodium metal flows out of the high-energy generator, is transported through a pipeline to the steam generator, releases heat and then returns to the high-energy generator. The main road steam is supplied to industrial equipment through a pressure reducing valve; the branch waste heat steam enters the three-stage heat exchanger of the catalytic furnace through a return pipeline, and the condensed water returns to the steam generator. The heat in the high-temperature zone of the catalytic furnace is returned to the preheating section of the high-energy generator through a heat pipe to maintain the reaction temperature of the molten salt.

[0020] The electric heating device heats the molten salt in the high-energy generator to 650 °C. When the temperature reaches 600 °C, the catalytic reaction starts to release heat. The water inlet valve of the steam generator is opened, and the system enters self-circulation preheating. The molten salt continuously releases heat to maintain the working temperature of 700 ± 20 °C. The steam output of the steam generator is stable. The waste heat steam maintains the temperature in the furnace through the heat exchanger of the catalytic furnace. The external heating of the high-energy generator is stopped, the water inlet valve of the steam generator is closed, and the heat medium circulation is cut off. After the temperature of the catalytic furnace drops below 300 °C, all equipment stops running. In this embodiment, the molten salt selects the NaNO3-KNO3 eutectic system, the catalyst selects the NiO-CeO2 composite catalyst, and the pipeline material uses a high-temperature resistant alloy.

[0021] The above describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A molten salt catalytic hydrogen non-nuclear reaction steam generator, characterized in that: It includes a high-energy generator, a steam generator and a catalytic furnace. The high-energy generator is connected to the steam generator through a pipeline. The high-energy generator generates high-energy heat from the molten salt mixture under the high temperature and catalytic action of the high-temperature generator and transmits it to the steam generator through a pipeline. The steam generator generates steam and uses part of the steam for industrial purposes, and transmits the other part of the remaining heat energy to the catalytic furnace through the pipeline.

2. The molten salt catalytic hydrogen non-nuclear reaction steam generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The residual heat energy is transmitted to the catalytic furnace through a pipeline to maintain high-temperature catalysis, thereby triggering the high-energy generator to stop starting heating. The required catalytic energy in the high-energy generator is maintained by the residual heat energy, and self-circulation is performed.

3. The molten salt catalytic hydrogen non-nuclear reaction steam generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high energy generator contains a molten salt mixture, which undergoes an exothermic reaction at a high temperature of 600-800°C and under the action of a metal oxide catalyst to generate high energy heat.

4. The molten salt catalytic hydrogen non-nuclear reaction steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam generator receives heat from the high-energy generator through a high-temperature pipeline, converts water into high-pressure steam, and the steam is output in two ways, the main way is for industrial use, and the waste heat of the branch is transported to the catalytic furnace through a return pipeline.

5. The molten salt catalytic hydrogen non-nuclear reaction steam generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure of the high-pressure steam is 1.5-3 MPa.

6. The molten salt catalytic hydrogen non-nuclear reaction steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage catalytic furnace utilizes waste heat to maintain the temperature inside the furnace, provides continuous catalytic energy for the high-energy generator, and has a built-in gradient temperature control layer to ensure that heat is efficiently transferred to the reaction zone.

7. The molten salt catalytic hydrogen non-nuclear reaction steam generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature in the furnace is ≥500°C.

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