Blasting charge height-adjustable spacer device and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses a blasting charge height-adjustable spacer device and a using method, and relates to the technical field of blasting engineering auxiliary devices.The blasting charge height-adjustable spacer device comprises a spacer assembly, and a bearing disc is arranged at the top of the spacer assembly and used for bearing explosives; a base is arranged at the bottom of the spacer assembly, and a telescopic abutting device is arranged in the base and used for abutting against the inner wall of a blast hole. The spacer assembly comprises a plurality of spacer units which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the spacer unit comprises two spacer rings which are vertically and coaxially arranged, and the two spacer rings are connected through the support unit. By adjusting the number of the spacer units and the spacing height of the spacer assembly, the setting position of the spacer assembly in a blast hole can be rapidly adjusted through the telescopic abutting device, interval setting work of explosives can be conveniently completed, and the blasting effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting engineering auxiliary devices, and relates to a spacer device with adjustable height for blasting charge and a using method thereof. Background Technique

[0002] With the continuous research and development of blasting technology, the industries and scenarios of blasting applications are also increasing. In order to reduce the unit consumption of blasting explosives and make full use of the explosion performance of explosives to obtain good blasting effects, the method of interval charging is usually adopted. Interval charging refers to a charging method in which explosives in a blast hole are separated by media such as air. This structure can effectively reduce vibration and prevent water, reduce bench, lower explosion pressure, and effectively avoid problems caused by coupled charging such as impact and crushing of ore and rock. The advantages of interval charging technology in applications under special geological conditions such as mines have been proven by many scholars. By adopting different charging structures, the explosion action direction, energy utilization rate, and action time of the explosive gas can be changed, which is the main technical means to control blasting hazards and improve blasting effects. The traditional continuous charging structure has disadvantages such as excessive crushing of rocks in some areas, high unit consumption of explosives, and many large blocks in the stemming section. Adopting interval charging technology can well solve these problems, improve blasting quality, and improve blasting effects. Traditional spacers often have less charge in the hole and uneven charge distribution in the hole, and the blasting effect is often not ideal. At the same time, the unit consumption of explosives of traditional spacers is also relatively high, which has a greater impact on blasting vibration and higher damage to the surrounding rock mass, and is not conducive to the effective utilization of energy. The air spacer has improved performance compared with the traditional spacer, but its air position and length will affect the blasting effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the invention provides a spacer device with adjustable height for blasting charge and a using method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technique, and specifically discloses the following content:

[0004] A spacer device with adjustable height for blasting charge includes a spacer assembly. A receiving plate is provided at the top of the spacer assembly for receiving explosives. A base is provided at the bottom of the spacer assembly, and a telescopic abutting device is provided in the base for abutting against the inner wall of the blast hole. The spacer assembly includes a plurality of spacer units connected in sequence from top to bottom.

[0005] Each spacer unit includes two vertically coaxially arranged spacer rings, and the two spacer rings are connected by a bracket unit.

[0006] Further, the bracket unit includes a vertical support rod and a triangular support rod. The two spacer rings in the spacer unit are connected by triangular support rods on the front and rear sides and by vertical support rods on the left and right sides.

[0007] Further, a plurality of connecting holes are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the spacer ring, and the connecting holes of the spacer ring in contact with adjacent spacer units are connected by connecting screws.

[0008] Further, the receiving tray is a frustum structure with an open top, a perforation is provided at the center of the receiving tray, and the receiving tray is used to receive explosives.

[0009] Further, the telescopic abutting device includes a plurality of telescopic abutting units arranged circumferentially along the base, and each telescopic abutting unit includes a telescopic rod and a plug;

[0010] A second transverse groove and a first transverse groove are successively arranged inside the base from inside to outside and are communicated with each other. The telescopic rod is slidably arranged in the first transverse groove. One end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is slidably arranged in the second transverse groove. The other end of the telescopic rod extends outwards from the first transverse groove and is fixedly connected with a contact seat, and the contact seat is used to abut against the inner wall of the blast hole. A spring is sleeved on the connecting rod, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second transverse groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod;

[0011] A jack adapted to the plug is provided at one end of the connecting rod away from the telescopic rod. A first vertical groove communicated with the second transverse groove is also vertically arranged inside the base. A second vertical groove communicated with the first vertical groove is vertically arranged on the spacer ring at the lowermost position. The first vertical groove and the second vertical groove form a moving space for the plug, and a driving rope is connected to the top of the plug.

[0012] Further, particle protrusions are provided on the contact side of the contact seat to increase the friction force with the inner wall of the blast hole.

[0013] Further, a limiting block adapted to the second transverse groove is also provided at one end of the connecting rod away from the telescopic rod to limit the connecting rod.

[0014] Further, first cogs are provided on the telescopic rod, and second cogs cooperating with the first cogs are provided on the inner wall of the first transverse groove to limit the telescopic rod to only move from inside to outside.

[0015] A method for using a spacer device with adjustable height for blasting charge is realized by using any one of the above spacer devices with adjustable height for blasting charge, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: Determine the number of spacer units according to the scheme design;

[0017] S2: Fix adjacent spacer units with connecting screws to form a spacer assembly, connect the receiving tray to the top of the spacer assembly, and connect the chassis to the bottom of the spacer assembly;

[0018] S3: Initially, the telescopic rod inside the chassis is in a state of being compressed by a spring. The contact seat contacts the outer wall of the base, and the plug block smeared with butter is inserted into the jack of the connecting rod.

[0019] S4: The driving ropes at the tops of multiple plug blocks are jointly tied to a main rope, and the main rope extends upward through the perforation of the receiving tray.

[0020] S5: The multiple connecting screws of the uppermost spacer unit are jointly tied to the placing rope through a connecting rope, and the placing rope extends upward through the perforation of the receiving tray.

[0021] S6: The spacer assembly is placed into the blast hole through the placing rope. After reaching the designated position, the main rope is pulled. The main rope pulls the driving rope to drive the plug pin to move upward. The plug pin moves away from the jack of the connecting rod, the spring restores its deformation, the telescopic rod extends outward, and the contact seat abuts against the inner wall of the blast hole, so that the spacer assembly is fixed at the current position.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] The present invention can adjust the interval height of the spacer assembly by adjusting the number of spacer units, and quickly adjust the setting position of the spacer assembly in the blast hole through the telescopic abutting device, which is convenient for completing the interval setting work of the explosive and increasing the blasting effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spacer unit in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the receiving tray in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a top view of the receiving tray in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the spacer assembly, the receiving tray and the placing rope in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spacer assembly located in the middle part of the blast hole in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 an enlarged view of part A in

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the telescopic abutting unit in the present invention.

[0032] Among them, in the figure:

[0033] 1 - spacer ring; 11 - connection hole; 12 - vertical support rod; 13 - triangular support rod; 14 - second vertical groove; 2 - receiving plate; 21 - perforation; 3 - connection screw; 4 - base; 41 - first horizontal groove; 411 - second tooth; 42 - second horizontal groove; 43 - first vertical groove; 51 - telescopic rod; 511 - first tooth; 52 - contact seat; 53 - connecting rod; 531 - insertion hole; 532 - limiting block; 54 - spring; 6 - insertion block; 61 - driving rope; 7 - placement rope; 8 - explosive. Specific embodiments

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so as to describe the embodiments of this application here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or components does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or components clearly listed, but may include other steps or components not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0036] In this application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe this application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit that the indicated devices, elements or components must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0037] Moreover, in addition to being used to represent orientation or positional relationships, some of the above terms may also be used to represent other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to represent a certain attachment relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In addition, the terms "install", "set", "provided with", "connect", "connected", "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or there is internal communication between two devices, components or parts. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Refer to the attached Figure 1-7 , the present invention discloses a spacer device with adjustable height for blasting charge, which includes a spacer assembly. A receiving plate 2 is provided at the top of the spacer assembly, and the receiving plate 2 is used to receive the explosive 8; a base 4 is provided at the bottom of the spacer assembly, and a telescopic abutting device is provided in the base 4 for abutting against the inner wall of the blast hole; the spacer assembly includes a plurality of spacer units connected in sequence from top to bottom;

[0040] The spacer unit includes two spacer rings 1 arranged coaxially in the vertical direction, and the two spacer rings 1 are connected by a bracket unit.

[0041] In this embodiment, the spacer height of the spacer assembly can be adjusted by adjusting the number of spacer units. The number of spacers can be 3 or more. The position of the spacer assembly in the blast hole can be quickly adjusted through the telescopic abutting device, which is convenient for completing the spacer setting work of the explosive 8 and improving the blasting effect.

[0042] The bracket unit includes a vertical support rod 12 and a triangular support rod 13. The two spacer rings 1 in the spacer unit are connected by the triangular support rods 13 on the front and back sides and by the vertical support rods 12 on the left and right sides.

[0043] In this embodiment, two vertical support rods 12 are provided on both the left and right sides of the two spacer rings 1 in the spacer unit.

[0044] A plurality of connection holes 11 are circumferentially and evenly provided on the spacer ring 1, and the connection holes 11 of the spacer rings 1 in contact with adjacent spacer units are connected by connection screws 3.

[0045] In this embodiment, 3 connection holes 11 are circumferentially and evenly provided on each spacer ring 1, so that the positions of the 3 connection screws 3 are distributed in a triangular shape.

[0046] The receiving tray 2 is a frustum structure with an open top. A perforation 21 is provided at the center of the receiving tray 2, and the receiving tray 2 is used to receive the explosive 8.

[0047] In this embodiment, the receiving tray 2 and the uppermost spacer unit are connected by plugging, which is convenient for installation. The specific structure of the receiving tray 2 can also be refined according to the type of the explosive 8: for example, for the cartridge explosive placed in the blast hole, the outside of the explosive 8 is packaged and has good integrity, and a hollowed-out type can be selected. In this way, the cartridge explosive can be directly seated on the receiving tray 2, and the hollowed-out design can save materials and still hold the explosive 8 well; if the explosive in the blast hole is granular or powdery explosive, a non-hollowed-out type can be used, so that the receiving tray 2 can hold the upper explosive 8 completely, ensuring that the contact between the overall device and the explosive 8 is relatively stable.

[0048] The telescopic abutting device includes a plurality of telescopic abutting units arranged circumferentially along the base 4. The telescopic abutting unit includes a telescopic rod 51 and a plug 6.

[0049] Inside the base 4, a second transverse groove 42 and a first transverse groove 41 are successively provided from the inside to the outside and are connected. The telescopic rod 51 is slidably arranged in the first transverse groove 41. One end of the telescopic rod 51 is fixedly connected to a connecting rod 53, and the connecting rod 53 is slidably arranged in the second transverse groove 42. The other end of the telescopic rod 51 extends outwards from the first transverse groove 41 and is fixedly connected to a contact seat 52. The contact seat 52 is used to abut against the inner wall of the blast hole. A spring 54 is sleeved on the connecting rod 53. One end of the spring 54 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second transverse groove 42, and the other end is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod 51.

[0050] At the end of the connecting rod 53 far from the telescopic rod 51, there is a jack 531 adapted to the plug 6. Inside the base 4, a first vertical groove 43 communicating with the second transverse groove 42 is also vertically provided. On the lowermost spacer ring 1, a second vertical groove 14 communicating with the first vertical groove 43 is vertically provided. The first vertical groove 43 and the second vertical groove 14 form a moving space for the plug 6. The top of the plug 6 is connected to a driving rope 61.

[0051] The contact side of the contact seat 52 is provided with particle protrusions for increasing the friction with the inner wall of the blast hole.

[0052] In this embodiment, the particle protrusions are made of silica gel material.

[0053] At the end of the connecting rod 53 far from the telescopic rod 51, there is also a limit block 532 adapted to the second transverse groove 42 for limiting the connecting rod 53.

[0054] The telescopic rod 51 is provided with a first tooth 511, and the inner wall of the first transverse groove 41 is provided with a second tooth 411 cooperating with the first tooth 511 for restricting the telescopic rod 51 to move only from the inside to the outside.

[0055] In this embodiment, the cooperation between the first engaging teeth 511 and the second engaging teeth 411 can refer to the cooperation between the serrations and the buckle in the cable tie structure, which is a prior art and will not be elaborated here. This structural design is to prevent the contact seat 52 from retracting and improve the stability of the telescopic abutting unit.

[0056] A method of using a spacer device with adjustable height for blasting charge specifically includes the following steps:

[0057] S1: Determine the number of spacer units according to the scheme design.

[0058] S2: Fix adjacent spacer units through the connecting screws 3 to form a spacer assembly, connect the receiving plate 2 to the top of the spacer assembly, and connect the chassis to the bottom of the spacer assembly.

[0059] S3: Initially, the telescopic rod 51 inside the chassis is in the state of the compression spring 54, the contact seat 52 contacts the outer wall of the base 4, and insert the butter-coated plug 6 into the jack 531 of the connecting rod 53.

[0060] S4: Tie the driving ropes 61 at the tops of multiple plugs 6 together to a main rope, and the main rope extends upward through the perforation 21 of the receiving plate 2.

[0061] S5: Tie the connecting screws 3 of the uppermost spacer unit together through a connecting rope to the placement rope 7, and the placement rope 7 extends upward through the perforation 21 of the receiving plate 2.

[0062] S6: Put the spacer assembly into the blast hole through the placement rope 7. After reaching the specified position, pull the main rope. The main rope pulls the driving rope 61 to drive the plug to move upward. The plug moves away from the jack 531 of the connecting rod 53, the spring 54 restores its deformation, the telescopic rod 51 extends outward, and the contact seat 52 abuts against the inner wall of the blast hole, so that the spacer assembly is fixed at the current position.

[0063] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A spacer device with adjustable height of blasting charge, characterized in that: The invention comprises a spacer assembly, wherein a receiving plate (2) is provided at the top of the spacer assembly, and the receiving plate (2) is used to receive explosives (8); a base (4) is provided at the bottom of the spacer assembly, and a telescopic abutment device is provided inside the base (4) for abutting against the inner wall of the blast hole; the spacer assembly comprises a plurality of spacer units connected in sequence from top to bottom; The spacer unit comprises two coaxially arranged spacer rings (1), and the two spacer rings (1) are connected via a bracket unit.

2. A blasting charge height-adjustable spacer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket unit comprises a vertical support rod (12) and a triangular support rod (13); the front and rear sides of the two spacer rings (1) in the spacer unit are connected by the triangular support rod (13), and the left and right sides are connected by the vertical support rod (12).

3. A blasting charge height-adjustable spacer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of connection holes (11) are evenly arranged circumferentially on the spacer ring (1), and the connection holes (11) of the spacer rings (1) that are in contact with adjacent spacer units are connected via connection screws (3).

4. A blasting charge height-adjustable spacer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving plate (2) is an inverted truncated cone structure with an open top. A through hole (21) is provided at the center of the receiving plate (2). The receiving plate (2) is used to receive explosives (8).

5. A blasting charge height-adjustable spacer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic abutment device comprises a plurality of telescopic abutment units arranged along the circumference of the base (4), and the telescopic abutment units comprise a telescopic rod (51) and an insert block (6); The base (4) is provided with a second transverse groove (42) and a first transverse groove (41) which are connected from the inside to the outside in sequence. The telescopic rod (51) is slidably arranged in the first transverse groove (41). One end of the telescopic rod (51) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod (53). The connecting rod (53) is slidably arranged in the second transverse groove (42). The other end of the telescopic rod (51) extends outward from the first transverse groove (41) and is fixedly connected with a contact seat (52). The contact seat (52) is used to abut against the inner wall of the blast hole. A spring (54) is sleeved on the connecting rod (53). One end of the spring (54) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second transverse groove (42), and the other end is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod (51). The connecting rod (53) is provided with a socket (531) adapted to the plug block (6) at one end away from the telescopic rod (51); a first vertical groove (43) connected to the second horizontal groove (42) is also vertically provided inside the base (4); a second vertical groove (14) connected to the first vertical groove (43) is vertically provided on the lowest spacing ring (1); the first vertical groove (43) and the second vertical groove (14) form a moving space for the plug block (6); and a driving rope (61) is connected to the top of the plug block (6).

6. A blasting charge height-adjustable spacer device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The contact side of the contact seat (52) is provided with granular protrusions for increasing the friction force with the inner wall of the blast hole.

7. A blasting charge height-adjustable spacer device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting block (532) adapted to the second transverse groove (42) is further provided at one end of the connecting rod (53) away from the telescopic rod (51) and is used to limit the connecting rod (53).

8. A blasting charge height-adjustable spacer device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (51) is provided with a first latching tooth (511), and the inner wall of the first transverse groove (41) is provided with a second latching tooth (411) matched with the first latching tooth (511) for limiting the telescopic rod (51) to move only from the inside to the outside.

9. A method for using a blasting charge spacer device with adjustable height, characterized in that: A spacer device with adjustable height of blasting charge according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1: Determine the number of spacer units according to the scheme design; S2: Fix adjacent spacer units by connecting screws (3) to form a spacer assembly, connect the receiving plate (2) to the top of the spacer assembly, and connect the bottom plate to the bottom of the spacer assembly; S3: The telescopic rod (51) inside the chassis is initially in a state of compressing the spring (54), the contact seat (52) is in contact with the outer wall of the base (4), and the plug (6) coated with butter is inserted into the socket (531) of the connecting rod (53); S4: tying the driving ropes (61) on the tops of the plurality of plug-in blocks (6) together to a main rope, and the main rope extends upward from the through hole (21) of the receiving plate (2); S5: tying the plurality of connecting screws (3) of the uppermost spacer unit together to the placement rope (7) through a connecting rope, and the placement rope (7) extends upward from the through hole (21) of the receiving plate (2); S6: Place the spacer assembly into the blast hole by placing the rope (7). After reaching the designated position, pull the main rope, which pulls the driving rope (61) to drive the latch pin to move upward. The latch pin moves away from the socket (531) of the connecting rod (53). The spring (54) recovers its deformation, the telescopic rod (51) extends outward, and the contact seat (52) abuts against the inner wall of the blast hole, so that the spacer assembly is fixed at the current position.

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