Ultrahigh-density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of holographic projection equipment, and provides ultrahigh-density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection equipment, which comprises a light source capable of emitting coherent light with specific coherent length, wavelength stability within a preset range and power capable of being accurately regulated and controlled, the coherent light source is used for providing coherent light meeting the ultrahigh-density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection requirement; and a spatial light modulator (SLM) having sufficiently high pixel density and refresh rate and configured to receive the light from the light source and modulate the light based on a preset complex algorithm to form an interference pattern. According to the ultrahigh-density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection equipment, through cooperative work of all the parts, high-quality, high-resolution and dynamic three-dimensional holographic projection can be achieved, more vivid and immersive visual experience is brought to a user, and the ultrahigh-density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection equipment has wide application prospects in the fields of education, entertainment, scientific research and the like. Development of a three-dimensional display technology is promoted, and powerful support is provided for innovation and progress of related fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of holographic projection devices, and particularly to an ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device. Background Art

[0002] In today's technology field, three-dimensional display technology is receiving increasing attention. People's growing demand for a more realistic and immersive visual experience has promoted the rapid development of three-dimensional display technology.

[0003] Traditional three-dimensional display technologies have some limitations. For example, some technologies may not provide a true three-dimensional effect, but only create a three-dimensional feeling through visual illusions, which often cannot bring a fully immersive experience. In addition, some three-dimensional display technologies have deficiencies in resolution, image quality, and dynamic display, resulting in unclear and vivid images and smooth dynamic effects.

[0004] In the field of holographic projection technology, although there have been some researches and applications, existing holographic projection devices often have difficulty in achieving ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic display. Problems in aspects such as the coherence of light sources, the performance of spatial light modulators, the design of optical systems, and the characteristics of display screens limit the further development and application of holographic projection technology.

[0005] Therefore, the present solution specifically proposes an ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: An ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device, comprising: A light source, which is a light source capable of emitting coherent light with a specific coherence length, wavelength stability within a preset range, and precisely adjustable power, and is used to provide coherent light meeting the requirements of ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection; A spatial light modulator (SLM), which has a sufficiently high pixel density and refresh rate, and is configured to receive light from the light source and modulate the light based on a preset complex algorithm to form an interference pattern. The complex algorithm includes the following steps: First, perform voxelization processing on the three-dimensional image to be generated, decompose the three-dimensional image into multiple tiny voxel units, and each voxel unit has specific position, color, and transparency information; Next, for each voxel unit, according to its position information in the three-dimensional space, it is transformed into the phase and amplitude distribution on the holographic plane through coordinate transformation; this coordinate transformation is based on the Fresnel diffraction principle, and the near-field approximation formula is used to calculate the optical path difference from each voxel to each point on the holographic plane, thereby obtaining the corresponding phase delay. At the same time, the amplitude information is determined according to the color and transparency of the voxel; Then, the phase and amplitude information corresponding to all voxels on the holographic plane is superimposed, and the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) algorithm is used to transform the phase and amplitude distribution in the spatial domain into frequency domain information to improve the calculation efficiency and facilitate subsequent processing; Finally, according to the pixel layout and characteristics of the spatial light modulator (SLM), the frequency domain information is inverse discrete Fourier transformed (IDFT) back to the spatial domain, and quantization and encoding operations are performed to generate a signal that can be recognized by the spatial light modulator (SLM) and used to modulate the light field, thereby precisely controlling the light field distribution; An optical system, the optical system has a specially designed optical path structure, including multiple optical elements, and the optical elements include but are not limited to lenses, prisms, and beam splitters. Among them, the lens is used for focusing, collimating, or changing the propagation direction of the interference pattern, the prism is used for changing the propagation direction of light and performing dispersion control of light, and the beam splitter is used for splitting light according to a predetermined ratio. The spacing between each optical element is precisely set according to the focal length, refractive index of the optical element, and the required optical path difference, and the angle is adjusted according to the direction of the optical path and the optical characteristics of the optical element. Moreover, the optical characteristics of each optical element, such as refractive index, dispersion coefficient, etc., cooperate with each other to reduce aberration and chromatic aberration during light propagation and improve the light transmission efficiency; A display screen, the display screen has a special microstructure surface, and this microstructure surface can optimize the projected interference pattern to achieve ultra-high-resolution dynamic three-dimensional holographic display. The optical system projects the interference pattern onto the display screen to achieve dynamic three-dimensional holographic display.

[0008] Preferably, the light source is a laser light source, and the line width of the laser light source is less than a preset value to ensure high coherence.

[0009] Preferably, the spatial light modulator (SLM) can control the light field distribution in real time at a speed higher than a specific frame rate to meet the smoothness requirements of dynamic display.

[0010] Preferably, the lens in the optical system has a special refractive index distribution and aspherical shape, which is used for focusing, collimating, or changing the propagation direction of the interference pattern and correcting aberration.

[0011] Preferably, the display screen is a screen with high-resolution display ability and special response characteristics to the polarization state and phase of light, so as to display a high-resolution three-dimensional image formed by the projection of the interference pattern.

[0012] Preferably, the device further includes a control system, which is connected to the spatial light modulator (SLM) and used to control the modulation operation of the spatial light modulator (SLM) on light to achieve dynamic three-dimensional image display. The control system has high-speed data processing capabilities and precise signal transmission characteristics.

[0013] Preferably, the control system controls the spatial light modulator (SLM) according to preset image data or real-time input image data, and is capable of performing real-time optimization processing on the image data to adapt to the modulation requirements of the spatial light modulator (SLM).

[0014] Preferably, the optical system further includes a mirror, which has high-precision flatness and reflectivity and is used to change the optical path of the interference pattern in the optical system and reduce the reflection loss of light.

[0015] Preferably, the spatial light modulator (SLM) uses liquid crystal technology or microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology to achieve light modulation, and has a unique electrode structure and driving method to improve the modulation accuracy and speed.

[0016] Preferably, the device can generate and display multiple different high-resolution three-dimensional images per unit time to achieve a dynamic visual effect, and can maintain the coherence of the light field during the image switching process.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Providing high-quality coherent light: Using a light source that can emit coherent light with a specific coherence length, wavelength stability within a preset range, and precisely controllable power, such as a laser light source, ensures the high coherence of the light, provides a basis for realizing high-quality three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection, and can present clear and vivid three-dimensional images.

[0018] Achieving high pixel density and high refresh rate: The spatial light modulator (SLM) has a sufficiently high pixel density and refresh rate, can control the light field distribution in real time at a speed higher than a specific frame rate, meets the requirements of smoothness for dynamic display, makes the projected three-dimensional images more vivid and natural, and reduces image flickering and stuttering phenomena.

[0019] Precisely generating an interference pattern: By performing voxelization processing on the three-dimensional image to be generated through complex algorithms, and performing coordinate transformation based on the Fresnel diffraction principle, converting the phase and amplitude distributions in the spatial domain into frequency domain information and then back to the spatial domain, and performing quantization and encoding operations, the light field distribution can be precisely controlled, thereby generating clear and accurate interference patterns, which helps to achieve high-resolution three-dimensional holographic display.

[0020] Optimize the optical path structure: The optical system has a specially designed optical path structure. The lenses therein have special refractive index distributions and aspherical shapes. The distances and angles of each optical element are precisely set, and their optical characteristics cooperate with each other, which can reduce aberrations and chromatic aberrations during light propagation, improve the light transmission efficiency, and enable the interference pattern to be projected onto the display screen more accurately.

[0021] Achieve ultra-high resolution display: The display screen has a special microstructured surface, which can optimize the projected interference pattern to achieve ultra-high resolution dynamic three-dimensional holographic display, enabling the audience to feel a more delicate and realistic three-dimensional image effect.

[0022] Dynamic three-dimensional image display: The control system equipped with the device can control the modulation operation of the spatial light modulator (SLM) on light, and realize dynamic three-dimensional image display according to preset or real-time input image data, enabling the device to generate and display multiple different high-resolution three-dimensional images per unit time, achieving a dynamic visual effect and bringing a richer and more immersive visual experience to users.

[0023] Maintain the coherence of the light field: During the image switching process, precise control can maintain the coherence of the light field, making the transition of dynamic images more natural, avoiding sudden changes or discontinuities in the images, and further improving the quality of the display effect.

[0024] In summary, through the coordinated work of each part, this ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device can achieve high-quality, high-resolution, and dynamic three-dimensional holographic projection, bringing a more vivid and immersive visual experience to users, and having broad application prospects in the fields of education, entertainment, scientific research, etc. It promotes the development of three-dimensional display technology and provides strong support for innovation and progress in related fields. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0026] The following will further describe the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0027] Please refer to the attached drawings of the specification Figure 1 , the present invention provides a detailed implementation manner of an ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device: I. Overall Structure of the Device Light Source Selection and Setting A laser light source is adopted as the light source of this device. A laser light source with a linewidth less than a preset value (for example, the linewidth is less than 10 MHz) is selected to ensure its high coherence. This high coherence is one of the key factors to meet the requirements of ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection. Through an accurate power supply and control system, the power of the laser light source is accurately regulated so that it can provide appropriate light intensity according to different projection requirements.

[0028] Configuration of Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) A spatial light modulator (SLM) with a sufficiently high pixel density (for example, thousands of pixels per inch) and refresh rate (able to operate at a specific frame rate higher than 60 Hz, such as 120 Hz) is selected.

[0029] For the three-dimensional image to be generated, voxelization is first performed. For example, for a simple three-dimensional cube model image, it is decomposed into multiple tiny voxel units, and each voxel unit has its own position (such as coordinates in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system), color (represented by the RGB color model), and transparency information.

[0030] For each voxel unit, coordinate transformation is performed according to its position information in three-dimensional space. Assuming the voxel unit is located at the coordinate ((x,y,z)), based on the Fresnel diffraction principle, the optical path difference from each voxel to each point on the holographic plane is calculated using the near-field approximation formula (\Delta = \sqrt{(x -x_0)^2+(y - y_0)^2+z^2}) (where ((x_0,y_0)) are the coordinates of points on the holographic plane), and then the corresponding phase delay is obtained. At the same time, the amplitude information is determined according to the color of the voxel (such as red being ((255,0,0))) and transparency (the value range is (0 - 1)).

[0031] The phase and amplitude information corresponding to all voxels on the holographic plane is superimposed. The discrete Fourier transform (DFT) algorithm is used to convert the phase and amplitude distributions in the spatial domain into frequency domain information. For example, for an (N\times N) phase and amplitude matrix (A), the frequency domain information (F(k,l)) is obtained through the DFT algorithm (F(k,l)=\sum_{m = 0}^{N - 1}\sum_{n = 0}^{N - 1}A(m,n)e^{-2\pi i(\frac{mk}{N}+\frac{nl}{N})}).

[0032] According to the pixel layout of the spatial light modulator (SLM) (e.g., pixels are arranged in a rectangular array) and its characteristics, the frequency-domain information is converted back to the spatial domain by performing an inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT). Appropriate quantization and encoding operations (such as converting continuous numerical values into discrete values suitable for SLM pixel representation) are used to generate a signal that can be recognized by the spatial light modulator (SLM) and used to modulate the light field, thereby precisely controlling the light field distribution.

[0033] Construction of the optical system The optical system includes multiple optical elements, such as lenses, prisms, beam splitters, and mirrors, etc.

[0034] The lens uses a lens with a special refractive index distribution (e.g., gradient refractive index) and an aspherical shape. For focusing operations, a lens with an appropriate focal length is selected according to the required focal position and the propagation direction of light. For example, when it is necessary to focus an interference pattern onto a specific area on the display screen, a lens with a focal length of (f = 10 cm) is selected, and by precisely calculating the spacing between the lens and other optical elements (set according to the focal length, refractive index of the lens, and the required optical path difference), it is placed at the appropriate position in the optical path.

[0035] The prism is used to change the propagation direction of light and control the dispersion of light. For example, a triangular prism is used, and according to its refractive index and apex angle, its position and angle in the optical path are adjusted so that the light propagates in a predetermined direction and the dispersion phenomenon can be effectively controlled.

[0036] The beam splitter is used to split light according to a predetermined ratio. For example, a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective beam splitter is used to split the incident light into two beams of light in a 1:1 ratio, and the optical characteristics of its reflective and transmissive surfaces are precisely designed to ensure the accuracy of the splitting ratio.

[0037] The mirror has a high-precision flatness (flatness error less than (0.1 μm)) and reflectivity (reflectivity greater than 99%), and is used to change the optical path of the interference pattern in the optical system and reduce the reflection loss of light. According to the direction of the optical path, the mirror is placed in the optical path at an appropriate angle (such as a 45-degree angle) to ensure that the light can be accurately reflected to the next optical element or the target position.

[0038] The spacing between each optical element is precisely set according to the focal length, refractive index of the optical element, and the required optical path difference. For example, the spacing between two lenses is set to the sum of their focal lengths to achieve the combined effect of collimation and focusing. The angles of each optical element are adjusted according to the direction of the optical path and the optical characteristics of the optical element, and the optical characteristics of each optical element, such as refractive index, dispersion coefficient, etc., cooperate with each other to reduce aberrations and chromatic aberrations during light propagation and improve the light transmission efficiency.

[0039] Design and Application of Display Screen The display screen uses a screen with high-resolution display capabilities (e.g., a resolution of 4K or higher) and special response characteristics to the polarization state and phase of light. When an interference pattern is projected onto the display screen, the microstructured surface of the display screen can optimize the projected interference pattern. For example, the nanoscale texture of the microstructured surface can finely adjust the phase of light, thereby achieving ultra-high-resolution dynamic three-dimensional holographic display.

[0040] Integration of Control System The device is equipped with a control system that is connected to a spatial light modulator (SLM). The control system uses a high-speed processor (such as a multi-core CPU or GPU) and has high-speed data processing capabilities and precise signal transmission characteristics.

[0041] The control system controls the spatial light modulator (SLM) according to preset image data (such as three-dimensional animation data pre-stored in the device's memory) or real-time input image data (e.g., real-time three-dimensional video streams received via the network). When processing image data, it can perform real-time optimization processing on the image data, such as noise reduction and contrast enhancement operations on the image, to meet the modulation requirements of the spatial light modulator (SLM).

[0042] II. Device Working Process Image Generation and Modulation When a three-dimensional dynamic image needs to be displayed, the control system determines the content of the three-dimensional image to be generated based on the image data.

[0043] The spatial light modulator (SLM) modulates the light from the light source according to the above complex algorithm. First, voxelization is performed, then coordinate transformation, phase and amplitude calculation, superposition, frequency domain conversion, inverse frequency domain conversion, and quantization and encoding operations are carried out, and finally a signal for modulating the light field is generated, thereby precisely controlling the light field distribution and forming an interference pattern.

[0044] Light Transmission and Processing Each optical element in the optical system processes the interference pattern according to the designed optical path structure. Lenses focus, collimate, or change the propagation direction of the interference pattern, prisms change the propagation direction of light and control light dispersion, beam splitters split light, and mirrors change the optical path and reduce reflection losses. The optical elements cooperate with each other to ensure that light reduces aberration, chromatic aberration, and improves transmission efficiency during propagation.

[0045] Image Display The interference pattern processed by the optical system is projected onto the display screen. The microstructured surface of the display screen optimizes the interference pattern, ultimately achieving ultra-high-resolution dynamic three-dimensional holographic display. During the dynamic display process, the device can generate and display multiple different high-resolution three-dimensional images per unit time (for example, 30 different three-dimensional images are displayed per second) to achieve a dynamic visual effect. And during the image switching process, through the precise control of the spatial light modulator (SLM) by the control system, the coherence of the light field can be maintained, making the transition of the displayed dynamic images natural.

[0046] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device, characterized in that: include: A light source, wherein the light source is a light source capable of emitting coherent light with a specific coherence length, a wavelength stability within a preset range, and power that can be precisely controlled, and is used to provide coherent light that meets the requirements of ultra-high-density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection; A spatial light modulator (SLM) having a sufficiently high pixel density and refresh rate is configured to receive light from the light source and modulate the light to form an interference pattern based on a preset complex algorithm, the complex algorithm comprising the following steps: First, the 3D image to be generated is voxelized to decompose it into multiple tiny voxel units, each of which has specific position, color and transparency information; Next, for each voxel unit, according to its position information in three-dimensional space, it is converted into phase and amplitude distribution on the holographic plane through coordinate transformation; this coordinate transformation is based on the Fresnel diffraction principle and uses the near-field approximation formula to calculate the optical path difference from each voxel to each point on the holographic plane, thereby obtaining the corresponding phase delay, and at the same time determining the amplitude information according to the color and transparency of the voxel; Then, the phase and amplitude information corresponding to all voxels on the holographic plane are superimposed, and the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) algorithm is used to convert the phase and amplitude distribution in the spatial domain into frequency domain information to improve the calculation efficiency and facilitate subsequent processing; Finally, according to the pixel layout and characteristics of the spatial light modulator (SLM), the frequency domain information is converted back to the spatial domain by inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT), and quantized and encoded to generate a signal that can be recognized by the spatial light modulator (SLM) and used to modulate the light field, thereby accurately controlling the light field distribution; An optical system, wherein the optical system has a specially designed optical path structure, including a plurality of optical elements, the optical elements including but not limited to lenses, prisms and beam splitters, wherein the lenses are used to focus, collimate or change the propagation direction of the interference pattern, the prisms are used to change the propagation direction of light and perform light dispersion control, the beam splitter is used to split the light according to a predetermined ratio, the spacing between the optical elements is accurately set according to the focal length, refractive index and required optical path difference of the optical elements, the angle is adjusted according to the direction of the optical path and the optical properties of the optical elements, and the optical properties of the optical elements such as refractive index, dispersion coefficient, etc. cooperate with each other to reduce aberration and chromatic aberration in the light propagation process and improve the light transmission efficiency; A display screen having a special microstructure surface, which can optimize the projected interference pattern to achieve ultra-high resolution dynamic three-dimensional holographic display, and the optical system projects the interference pattern onto the display screen to achieve dynamic three-dimensional holographic display.

2. The ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source is a laser light source, and the line width of the laser light source is smaller than a preset value to ensure high coherence.

3. The ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial light modulator (SLM) can control the light field distribution in real time at a speed higher than a certain frame rate to meet the smoothness requirements of dynamic display.

4. The ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lens in the optical system has a special refractive index distribution and an aspherical shape, which is used to focus, collimate or change the propagation direction of the interference pattern and correct aberrations.

5. The ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display screen is a screen with high-resolution display capability and special response characteristics to the polarization state and phase of light, so as to display a high-resolution three-dimensional image formed by the projection of the interference pattern.

6. The ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a control system, which is connected to the spatial light modulator (SLM) and is used to control the modulation operation of the spatial light modulator (SLM) on light to achieve dynamic three-dimensional image display. The control system has high-speed data processing capabilities and precise signal transmission characteristics.

7. The ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control system controls the spatial light modulator (SLM) according to preset image data or real-time input image data, and can perform real-time optimization processing on the image data to adapt to the modulation requirements of the spatial light modulator (SLM).

8. The ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical system further includes a reflecting mirror having high-precision flatness and reflectivity for changing the optical path of the interference pattern in the optical system and reducing reflection loss of light.

9. The ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial light modulator (SLM) adopts liquid crystal technology or micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) technology to realize light modulation, and has a unique electrode structure and driving method to improve the modulation accuracy and speed.

10. The ultra-high density three-dimensional dynamic holographic projection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device can generate and display a plurality of different high-resolution three-dimensional images in a unit time to achieve a dynamic visual effect, and can maintain the continuity of the light field during the image switching process.

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