Pulmonary artery floating catheter based on FBG sensing technology

Abstract

The application provides a pulmonary artery floating catheter based on FBG sensing technology, which comprises a balloon, a catheter main body, an adapter port and an adapter pipe, one end of the catheter main body is provided with an inflation hole, the balloon is bonded to the one end of the catheter main body and wraps the inflation hole, the adapter port is connected to the other end of the catheter main body, the adapter port is connected with an adapter pipe interface, the adapter pipe interface is connected with an FBG joint, a temperature sensor joint, a proximal hole joint, a distal hole joint and an inflation syringe, the FBG joint is provided with at least one and is located at different positions, cavities are sequentially arranged in the catheter main body along the axial direction of the catheter main body, and the cavities comprise a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity, a fourth cavity and an FBG cavity. The FBG sensing technology is adopted to measure pressure, real-time monitoring can be realized, and data is accurate. Meanwhile, the parts, assembly and finished products of the device can be completed in China, localization is realized, the device is not restricted by foreign suppliers, and the procurement cost can be effectively reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and relates to a blood flow dynamics detection device, in particular to a pulmonary artery floating catheter based on FBG sensing technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pulmonary arterial hypertension refers to a blood flow dynamics and pathophysiological state in which the pulmonary arterial pressure is higher than a certain threshold, which can lead to right heart failure, and can be an independent disease, a complication, or a syndrome. Pulmonary arterial hypertension has gradually become a cardiovascular disease that attracts much attention, and has a very high late mortality rate. In 1970, the pulmonary artery floating catheter (also known as SWAN-GANZ catheter or PC catheter) began to be used in clinical practice. The pulmonary artery floating catheter can measure the pulmonary arterial pressure and the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and can also monitor the pressure and subtle changes in some specific parts of the cardiovascular system. Through the monitoring of these physiological indicators, the real-time pulmonary arterial pressure of a patient can be measured, and the cardiovascular function status of the patient can be determined.

[0003] The pulmonary artery floating catheter has three advantages, i.e., less ventricular arrhythmia, rapid placement into the pulmonary artery, and no need for X-ray fluoroscopy. At present, the pulmonary artery floating catheter has become a clinical standard for detecting pulmonary arterial pressure. The pulmonary artery floating catheter is placed through elbow vein, femoral vein, internal jugular vein, and subclavian vein, and then enters the right atrium and right ventricle through the superior or inferior vena cava, and reaches the pulmonary artery through the head gas balloon, so as to measure the pulmonary arterial pressure and the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.

[0004] In the existing pulmonary artery floating catheter products, there are mainly two pressure measurement methods. One is to directly measure the pressure by using a pressure sensor, but the price is relatively high. The other is to guide the blood at different sites out of the body, and then measure the pressure by using a pressure measuring device. However, this method has a problem of pressure difference, and the measured pressure data will have a certain deviation. Moreover, most of the pulmonary artery floating catheter products are purchased from abroad, and the price is relatively high and the source is difficult. The existing pulmonary artery floating catheter products cannot meet the growing clinical needs.

[0005] FBG was first applied to strain measurement of aerospace structure by NASA. It entered into mature application stage around 2000. Its full name is Fiber Bragg Grating, which is a spatial phase periodic grating formed in fiber core. Its essence is to form a narrow band (transmission or reflection) filter or mirror in fiber core. When the temperature and stress state of FBG region changes, the Bragg wavelength changes in real time. The temperature measurement accuracy of FBG can reach 0.1K, and the strain measurement accuracy can reach 1 micro-strain. The sampling rate is from several Hz to several kHz, which basically achieves real-time data transmission. There can be multiple FBG gratings on one optical fiber, each of which works independently with its Bragg wavelength as a mark to form a serial sensor. One optical fiber completes signal sending, sensing, signal reading, wiring and maintenance, which is simple and suitable for multi-point temperature and strain measurement in limited space.

[0006] The current mainstream pulmonary artery floating catheter is mostly from Edwards Company in the United States. The top end of the pulmonary artery floating catheter has 1-6 lumen openings, so there are double-lumen to seven-lumen balloon floating catheter types. The most commonly used products at present are five-lumen balloon floating catheter and six-lumen balloon floating catheter. As shown in the figure, the top end of the floating catheter has an opening connected to the distal pulmonary artery port, which is used for pressure detection or injection and suction. The top end also has a sensor. There is a balloon around 1mm from the tip of the floating catheter, which is used to make the catheter "float" when inflated. There is another opening connected to the proximal infusion port 30cm from the tip. There is a heat-expanded coil with a length of 11cm at a distance of 14cm from the tip, which is used for CCO temperature measurement. In addition, there are markings every 10cm increment from the tip, which are used to assist catheter insertion. Figure 1

[0007] The catheter tip has six ports to connect various other devices, including:

[0008] ① balloon inflation port

[0009] ② distal pulmonary artery port

[0010] ③ optical module connection port

[0011] ④ proximal infusion port

[0012] ⑤ and ⑥ thermistor connection port and thermistor connection port.

[0013] The floating catheter (Swan-Ganz) is widely used in hospital clinics, mainly for monitoring pulmonary artery pressure and hemodynamic parameters to judge the cardiovascular function of patients.

[0014] ​In the prior art, the pulmonary artery floating catheter measures pressure by leading blood at different positions out of the body and then measuring pressure by a pressure measuring device, which has the problem of pressure difference, data lag and deviation of the measured pressure data.

[0015] Most of the floating catheter products are purchased from abroad, are limited by foreign suppliers, are expensive, are difficult to source, the precision of the domestic pressure sensor cannot meet the clinical requirements, and the product quantity cannot meet the growing clinical demand.

[0016] To solve the problems of the pressure difference of the pulmonary artery floating catheter and the difficulty in sourcing and high price, the present application intends to apply the FBG optical fiber sensing technology to the pressure measurement of the floating catheter, and provides a domestic pulmonary artery floating catheter, in particular, a pulmonary artery floating catheter based on the FBG sensing technology. SUMMARY

[0017] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a pulmonary artery floating catheter based on the FBG sensing technology, which measures pressure by using the FBG sensing technology, can realize real-time monitoring and accurate data.

[0018] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0019] The application discloses a pulmonary artery floating catheter based on FBG sensing technology, which is characterized by comprising a balloon, a catheter main body, an adapter port and an adapter tube, wherein the catheter main body is a hollow structure and is provided with an inflation hole at one end; the balloon is bonded to one end of the catheter main body and covers the inflation hole; the adapter port is connected to the other end of the catheter main body; the adapter port is connected with an adapter tube interface; the adapter tube interface is connected with an FBG joint, a temperature sensor joint, a proximal hole joint, a distal hole joint and an inflation syringe; the FBG joint is provided with at least one FBG fiber and is located at different positions; cavities are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the catheter main body, and the cavities comprise a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity, a fourth cavity and an FBG cavity; one end of the first cavity is a proximal hole, and the other end is connected with the proximal hole joint through the adapter tube; the second cavity is connected with the inflation hole and the inflation syringe; one end of the third cavity is a distal hole, and the other end is connected with the distal hole joint through the adapter tube; the fourth cavity is bonded with a temperature sensor; the sensing head of the temperature sensor is located at the front opening of the fourth cavity; the connecting line of the temperature sensor is connected with the temperature sensor joint; the FBG cavity is bonded with an FBG fiber; the FBG cavity is provided with a hole at the front end, so that at least one grating region of the FBG fiber is exposed; and the tail end of the FBG cavity is connected with the FBG joint; when the pulmonary artery floating catheter is transported to a measurement point, the temperature sensor at the front end of the catheter main body can detect the blood temperature at the measurement point; at least one FBG fiber at the front end of the catheter main body and located at different positions can detect the coupling value of the temperature and pressure at the measurement point and is transported to the equipment through the FBG joint; after the measurement value is obtained, the HHO-KELM model in the equipment is used for decoupling, so that the real-time pressure value at the measurement point can be obtained.

[0020] In the structure, the application provides a pulmonary artery floating catheter based on FBG sensing technology. The FBG sensing technology is used to measure pressure, so that real-time monitoring can be realized and data is accurate. Meanwhile, the parts, assembly and finished products in the application can be completed in China, so that localization is realized, foreign suppliers are not restricted, and procurement cost can be effectively reduced. The specific technical scheme is as follows: the catheter body is a hollow structure, one end of the catheter body is provided with an inflation hole, the balloon is bonded to one end of the catheter body and wraps the inflation hole, the adapter port is connected to the other end of the catheter body, the adapter port is connected with the adapter pipe interface, the adapter pipe interface is connected with the FBG joint, the temperature sensor joint, the proximal hole joint, the distal hole joint and the inflation syringe, the FBG joint is provided with at least one and is located at different positions, cavities are sequentially arranged in the catheter body along the axial direction of the catheter body, the cavities include a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity, a fourth cavity and an FBG cavity, the FBG joint, the temperature sensor joint, the proximal hole joint, the distal hole joint and the inflation syringe are installed and realized through the cavities, one end of the first cavity is a proximal hole, the other end is connected with the proximal hole joint through the adapter pipe, the proximal hole joint can be connected with the syringe and the like, and infusion is performed on a specific part, ice water can also be infused for measuring cardiac output by using heat dilution method, the second cavity is connected with the inflation hole and the inflation syringe, one end of the third cavity is a distal hole, the other end is connected with the distal hole joint through the adapter pipe, the distal hole joint can be connected with the syringe and the like, and infusion is performed on the distal end, a temperature sensor is bonded in the fourth cavity, a sensing head of the temperature sensor is located at a front end opening of the fourth cavity, temperature of a measurement point is conveniently measured, a connecting line of the temperature sensor is connected with the temperature sensor joint, and transmission of temperature sensor data is realized, the application uses the FBG sensing technology to measure pressure, because the data measured by the FBG optical fiber is a coupling value of temperature and pressure, therefore, a temperature sensor is added to measure temperature, after a temperature value is obtained, the HHO-KELM model is used to decouple the FBG optical fiber data, so that accurate pressure value can be obtained. Considering that the floating catheter moves in the blood vessel and may be attached to the blood vessel wall, two FBG optical fibers are selected to measure at the same time, so that at least one FBG optical fiber can detect the real pressure of the blood.

[0021] In use, the pulmonary artery floating catheter is delivered to a measurement point, the temperature sensor at the front end of the catheter body can detect the blood temperature at the measurement point, and the FBG optical fiber at the front end of the catheter body can detect the coupling value of the temperature and pressure at the measurement point. Considering that the floating catheter moves in the human blood and can be attached to the blood vessel wall, two FBG optical fibers at different positions are selected to measure together, so that at least one FBG optical fiber can detect the real pressure of the blood. After obtaining the measurement value, the HHO-KELM model is used for decoupling, and the real-time pressure value at the measurement point can be obtained. The application breaks through the limitation of foreign floating catheters, innovatively uses FBG optical fiber for pressure measurement, and realizes real-time and accurate data and low price, and realizes localization.

[0022] As a preferred technical scheme of the application: the FBG cavity is provided with two, which are a fifth cavity and a sixth cavity, the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity are arranged in a staggered manner, one FBG optical fiber is bonded in each of the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity, and a hole is opened at the front end of the fifth and sixth cavities to expose at least one grating region of the FBG optical fiber, and the tail end of the fifth and sixth cavities is connected with the FBG connector.

[0023] In the above structure: the FBG cavity is provided with two, which are a fifth cavity and a sixth cavity, the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity are arranged in a staggered manner, the FBG optical fiber installed therein can be at different positions, a hole is opened at the front end of the fifth and sixth cavities to expose at least one grating region of the FBG optical fiber, the FBG optical fiber at the front end of the catheter body can detect the coupling value of the temperature and pressure at the measurement point during measurement, and the tail end of the fifth and sixth cavities is connected with the FBG connector.

[0024] As a preferred technical scheme of the application: the FBG connector is provided with two, which are FBG1 connector and FBG2 connector, and the tail end of the fifth and sixth cavities is connected with the FBG1 connector and the FBG2 connector.

[0025] In the above structure: the FBG connector is provided with two, which are FBG1 connector and FBG2 connector, and the two FBG connectors are located at different positions, two FBG optical fibers at different positions are selected to measure together, so that at least one FBG optical fiber can detect the real pressure of the blood.

[0026] As a preferred technical scheme of the application: it further comprises a hollow tube, one end of the hollow tube is connected to the adapter tube, and the FBG connector, the temperature sensor connector, the proximal hole connector, the distal hole connector and the inflation syringe are connected to the other end of the hollow tube.

[0027] In the structure, the hollow tube is connected to the adapter pipe, the FBG joint, the temperature sensor joint, the proximal hole joint, the distal hole joint and the inflation syringe are connected to the adapter pipe through the hollow tube to realize the connection.

[0028] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the catheter body is provided with a fiber glue injection hole for installing the FBG fiber, an inflation hole and a temperature sensor glue injection hole for installing the temperature sensor, the fiber glue injection hole communicates with the FBG cavity, the inflation hole communicates with the second cavity, and the temperature sensor glue injection hole communicates with the fourth cavity.

[0029] In the structure, the catheter body is provided with a fiber glue injection hole for installing the FBG fiber, an inflation hole and a temperature sensor glue injection hole for installing the temperature sensor, when the FBG fiber and the temperature sensor are installed through the fiber glue injection hole and the temperature sensor glue injection hole, the FBG fiber and the temperature sensor are bonded by the biocompatible glue and the gap is filled, and the excess glue is polished off.

[0030] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the catheter body is provided with a fiber glue injection hole for installing the FBG fiber, an inflation hole and a temperature sensor glue injection hole for installing the temperature sensor, when the FBG fiber and the temperature sensor are installed through the fiber glue injection hole and the temperature sensor glue injection hole, the FBG fiber and the temperature sensor are bonded by the biocompatible glue and the gap is filled, and the excess glue is polished off.

[0031] In the structure, the catheter body is provided with a fiber glue injection hole for installing the FBG fiber, an inflation hole and a temperature sensor glue injection hole for installing the temperature sensor, when the FBG fiber and the temperature sensor are installed through the fiber glue injection hole and the temperature sensor glue injection hole, the FBG fiber and the temperature sensor are bonded by the biocompatible glue and the gap is filled, and the excess glue is polished off.

[0032] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the proximal hole joint is connected with a syringe for infusing or infusing ice water for measuring cardiac output by using the hot dilution method.

[0033] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the distal hole joint is connected with a syringe for infusing at the distal end.

[0034] The present application provides a pulmonary artery floating catheter based on the FBG sensing technology, which can realize real-time monitoring and accurate data by measuring pressure through the FBG sensing technology.

[0035] The present application transports the pulmonary artery floating catheter to the measuring point, the temperature sensor at the front end of the catheter body can detect the blood temperature at the measuring point, the FBG optical fiber at the front end of the catheter body can detect the coupling value of the temperature and pressure at the measuring point, the present application selects two FBG optical fibers at different positions to measure together, so that at least one FBG optical fiber can detect the real pressure of the blood. After obtaining the measurement value, the HHO-KELM model is used for decoupling, that is, the real-time pressure value at the place can be obtained, the present application breaks through the limitation of foreign floating catheter, and innovatively uses the FBG optical fiber to measure the pressure, the data is real-time and accurate, the price is cheap, and the localization is realized.

[0036] The present application obtains accurate pressure values by decoupling the FBG optical fiber data and the temperature sensor data through the adaptive closed-loop HHO-KELM model. The model uses the temperature parameter output by the temperature sensor to perform closed-loop correction on the pressure output of the KELM model, so that the errors caused by the model in the signal detection process can be effectively eliminated, and compared with the traditional method, the accuracy of the pressure value decoupling is greatly improved.

[0037] The adaptive closed-loop mechanism of the present application enables the model to dynamically adjust the output of the pressure value according to the real-time feedback temperature information of the temperature sensor, adapt to the influence of different environmental temperature changes on the pressure measurement, and improve the adaptability and stability of the model in complex environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a whole structure schematic diagram of the floating catheter in the prior art;

[0039] Figure 2 is a whole structure schematic diagram of the floating catheter in the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the local enlarged view of A in

[0041] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the side view of the local enlarged view of A in

[0042] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the sectional view of B in

[0043] Figure 6 is Figure 2 the sectional view of C in

[0044] Figure 7 is Figure 2 the local enlarged view of the FBG optical fiber in

[0045] Figure 8 is the optimization parameter flowchart of the present application

[0046] List of reference signs:

[0047] 1, balloon; 2, catheter body; 21, first cavity; 22, second cavity; 23, third cavity; 24, fourth cavity; 25, fifth cavity; 26, sixth cavity; 3, adapter port; 31, temperature sensor; 32, FBG optical fiber; 33, FBG optical fiber grating region; 34, FBG optical fiber base; 4, adapter tube; 5, FBG1 joint; 6, FBG2 joint; 7, temperature sensor joint; 8, proximal hole joint; 9, distal hole joint; 10, inflation syringe; 11, proximal hole; 12, distal hole; 13, optical fiber glue hole; 14, inflation hole; 15, temperature sensor glue hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0049] As Figures 2-7The application provides a pulmonary artery floating catheter based on FBG sensing technology, which is shown in the figure and comprises a balloon 1, a catheter main body 2, an adapter port 3 and an adapter tube 4. The catheter main body 2 is a hollow structure and is provided with an inflation hole 14 at one end. The balloon 1 is bonded to one end of the catheter main body 2 and covers the inflation hole 14. The adapter port 3 is connected to the other end of the catheter main body 2. The adapter port 3 is connected with an adapter tube 4 interface. The adapter tube 4 interface is connected with an FBG joint, a temperature sensor joint 7, a proximal hole joint 8, a distal hole joint 9 and an inflation syringe 10. The FBG joint is provided with at least one FBG fiber 32 and is located at different positions. Cavities are sequentially arranged in the catheter main body 2 along the axial direction of the catheter main body 2. The cavities comprise a first cavity 21, a second cavity 22, a third cavity 23, a fourth cavity 24 and an FBG cavity. One end of the first cavity 21 is a proximal hole 11, and the other end is connected with the proximal hole joint 8 through the adapter tube 4. The second cavity 22 is connected with the inflation hole 14 and the inflation syringe 10. One end of the third cavity 23 is a distal hole 12, and the other end is connected with the distal hole joint 9 through the adapter tube 4. The temperature sensor 31 is bonded in the fourth cavity 24. The sensing head of the temperature sensor 31 is located at the front opening of the fourth cavity 24. The connecting wire of the temperature sensor 31 is connected with the temperature sensor joint 7. The FBG cavity is bonded with the FBG fiber 32. The FBG cavity is provided with a hole at the front end, so that at least one grating region of the FBG fiber 32 is exposed. The tail end of the FBG cavity is connected with the FBG joint. When the pulmonary artery floating catheter is transported to a measurement point, the temperature sensor 31 at the front end of the catheter main body 2 can detect the blood temperature at the measurement point. At least one FBG fiber 32 at the front end of the catheter main body 2 can detect the coupling value of the temperature and pressure at the measurement point and is transported to the equipment through the FBG joint. After the measurement value is obtained, the HHO-KELM model in the equipment is used for decoupling, so that the real-time pressure value at the measurement point can be obtained.

[0050] The application provides a pulmonary artery floating catheter based on FBG sensing technology, which can realize real-time monitoring and accurate data by measuring pressure through the FBG sensing technology. Meanwhile, the parts, assembly and finished products in the application can be completed in China, so that the application is localized, is not restricted by foreign suppliers and can effectively reduce procurement cost. The specific technical scheme is as follows: the pulmonary artery floating catheter comprises a balloon 1, a catheter main body 2, an adapter port 3 and an adapter tube 4, wherein the catheter main body 2 is a hollow structure and is provided with an inflation hole 14 at one end, the balloon 1 is bonded to one end of the catheter main body 2 and wraps the inflation hole 14, the adapter port 3 is connected to the other end of the catheter main body 2, the adapter port 3 is connected with an adapter tube 4 interface, the adapter tube 4 interface is connected with an FBG joint, a temperature sensor joint 7, a proximal hole joint 8, a distal hole joint 9 and an inflation syringe 10, wherein the FBG joint is provided with at least one FBG fiber 32 and is located at different positions, cavities are sequentially arranged in the catheter main body 2 along the axial direction of the catheter main body 2, the cavities comprise a first cavity 21, a second cavity 22, a third cavity 23, a fourth cavity 24 and an FBG cavity, the FBG joint, the temperature sensor joint 7, the proximal hole joint 8, the distal hole joint 9 and the inflation syringe 10 are installed and realized through the cavities, wherein one end of the first cavity 21 is a proximal hole 11, the other end is connected with the proximal hole joint 8 through the adapter tube 4, the proximal hole joint can be connected with a syringe and the like, and infusion is performed on a specific part, or ice water is infused for measuring cardiac output through hot dilution method, the second cavity 22 is connected with the inflation hole 14 and the inflation syringe 10, one end of the third cavity 23 is a distal hole 12, the other end is connected with the distal hole joint 9 through the adapter tube 4, the distal hole joint 9 can be connected with a syringe and the like, and infusion is performed on the distal end, a temperature sensor 31 is bonded in the fourth cavity 24, a sensing head of the temperature sensor 31 is located at a front end opening of the fourth cavity 24, temperature measurement of a measurement point is facilitated, a connecting line of the temperature sensor 31 is connected with the temperature sensor joint 7, and data transmission of the temperature sensor 31 is realized, the application measures pressure through the FBG sensing technology, the data measured by the FBG fiber 32 is a coupling value of temperature and pressure, therefore, a temperature sensor 31 is added for temperature measurement, and the FBG fiber 32 data is decoupled after a temperature value is obtained, so that an accurate pressure value can be obtained.

[0051] In use, the pulmonary artery floating catheter is delivered to the measuring point, the temperature sensor 31 at the front end of the catheter body 2 can detect the blood temperature at the measuring point, and the FBG optical fiber 32 at the front end of the catheter body 2 can detect the coupling value of the temperature and pressure at the measuring point. Considering that the floating catheter moves in the human blood and can be attached to the blood vessel wall, two FBG optical fibers 32 at different positions are selected to measure together, so that at least one FBG optical fiber 32 can detect the true pressure of the blood. After obtaining the measurement value, the HHO-KELM model is used for decoupling, that is, the real-time pressure value at the measuring point can be obtained. The present application breaks through the limitation of foreign floating catheters, innovatively uses the FBG optical fiber 32 for pressure measurement, and realizes real-time and accurate data and low price, and realizes localization.

[0052] The specific operation example of the present application is as follows:

[0053] First, connect the FBG joint, temperature sensor joint 7, proximal hole joint 8 and distal hole joint 9 on the floating catheter with the equipment, then puncture the catheter body 2 into the internal jugular vein through the skin, push the floating catheter into the right atrium and right ventricle along the vein, then press the inflation syringe 10 to inject 1.5 mL of carbon dioxide into the balloon 1, the balloon 1 moves to the pulmonary artery with the catheter body 2, the temperature sensor 31 at the front end of the catheter body 2 can measure the blood temperature at this position, and the FBG optical fiber 32 at the front end of the catheter body 2 can measure the coupling value of the blood temperature and pressure. After decoupling, the real-time and accurate value of the pulmonary artery pressure can be obtained. After recording the data, use the inflation syringe 10 to deflate the balloon 1, and then slowly pull back the floating catheter.

[0054] In the embodiment, the FBG cavities are provided with two fifth cavities 25 and sixth cavities 26, the fifth cavities 25 and the sixth cavities 26 are arranged in a staggered manner, one FBG optical fiber 32 is adhered in each of the fifth cavities 25 and the sixth cavities 26, and a hole is formed in the front end of each of the fifth cavities 25 and the sixth cavities 26 to expose at least one grating region of the FBG optical fiber 32, and the tail ends of the fifth cavities 25 and the sixth cavities 26 are connected with the FBG joint respectively.

[0055] The FBG cavity is provided with two, respectively, the fifth cavity 25 and the sixth cavity 26, the fifth cavity 25 and the sixth cavity 26 are staggered, the FBG optical fiber 32 installed therein can be at different positions, a hole is opened at the front end of the fifth and sixth cavities 26, at least one grating region of the FBG optical fiber 32 is exposed, when measuring, the FBG optical fiber 32 at the front end of the catheter body 2 can detect the coupling value of the temperature and pressure at the measurement point, the tail end of the fifth cavity 25 and the sixth cavity 26 is connected with the FBG joint, the coupling value of the temperature and pressure measured by the FBG optical fiber 32 is conveniently transported to the equipment, the FBG optical fiber 32 includes an FBG optical fiber base 34, and the FBG optical fiber base 34 is separated into an FBG optical fiber grating region 33.

[0056] In the embodiment: the FBG joint is provided with two, respectively, the FBG1 joint 5 and the FBG2 joint 6, the tail end of the fifth cavity 25 and the sixth cavity 26 is connected with the FBG1 joint 5 and the FBG2 joint 6.

[0057] The FBG joint is provided with two, respectively, the FBG1 joint 5 and the FBG2 joint 6, the two FBG joints are located at different positions, two FBG optical fibers 32 at different positions are selected for measurement, which can ensure that at least one FBG optical fiber 32 can detect the true pressure of the blood.

[0058] In the embodiment: further comprising a hollow tube, one end of the hollow tube is connected to the adapter tube 4, and the FBG joint, the temperature sensor joint 7, the proximal hole joint 8, the distal hole joint 9 and the inflation syringe 10 are connected to the other end of the hollow tube.

[0059] The hollow tube is connected to the adapter tube 4, and the FBG joint, the temperature sensor joint 7, the proximal hole joint 8, the distal hole joint 9 and the inflation syringe 10 are connected to the adapter tube 4 through the hollow tube to realize connection.

[0060] In the embodiment: the catheter body 2 is provided with an optical fiber glue injection hole 13 for installing the FBG optical fiber 32, an inflation hole 14 and a temperature sensor glue injection hole 15 for installing the temperature sensor 31, the optical fiber glue injection hole 13 communicates with the FBG cavity, the inflation hole 14 communicates with the second cavity 22, and the temperature sensor glue injection hole 15 communicates with the fourth cavity 24, after the FBG optical fiber 32 and the temperature sensor 31 are installed through the optical fiber glue injection hole 13 and the temperature sensor glue injection hole 15, they are bonded by the glue with biocompatibility and the gap is filled.

[0061] The catheter body 2 is provided with a fiber glue hole 13 for installing the FBG optical fiber 32, an inflation hole 14, and a temperature sensor glue hole 15 for installing the temperature sensor 31, and after the FBG optical fiber 32 and the temperature sensor 31 are installed through the fiber glue hole 13 and the temperature sensor glue hole 15, they are bonded by the glue with biocompatibility, and the gap is filled, and the excess glue is polished off.

[0062] In the embodiment, a hydrophilic coating is arranged on the outer wall of the catheter body 2, and a scale is arranged every 10 cm on the hydrophilic coating.

[0063] A hydrophilic coating is arranged on the outer wall of the catheter body 2, and a scale is arranged every 10 cm on the hydrophilic coating, so that whether the measurement point is reached can be observed by medical staff.

[0064] The proximal hole connector 8 is connected with a syringe, which is used for infusion or ice water infusion for measuring cardiac output by using the hot dilution method.

[0065] The distal hole connector 9 is connected with a syringe, which is used for infusion at the distal end.

[0066] The lung artery floating catheter based on the FBG sensing technology can realize real-time monitoring and accurate data by using the FBG sensing technology to measure pressure.

[0067] The lung artery floating catheter is delivered to the measurement point, the temperature sensor 31 at the front end of the catheter body 2 can detect the blood temperature at the measurement point, the FBG optical fiber 32 at the front end of the catheter body 2 can detect the coupling value of the temperature and pressure at the measurement point, two FBG optical fibers 32 at different positions are selected to measure together, so that at least one FBG optical fiber 32 can detect the real pressure of the blood.

[0068] The specific method for decoupling the FBG optical fiber data and the temperature sensor data to obtain accurate pressure values by using the adaptive closed-loop HHO-KELM model is as follows:

[0069] Step 1: data acquisition and pretreatment, the FBG optical fiber sensor is used to collect signal data containing temperature and pressure information, and the temperature sensor is used to collect temperature signals, and the collected data is low-pass filtered.

[0070] Step 2: Initialize the kernel function and initial parameters, and build the KELM model. The preprocessed FBG optical fiber sensor data is taken as the input, and the temperature and pressure are taken as the output. The temperature parameter output by the temperature sensor is used to correct the pressure output of the model in a closed loop, so as to eliminate the error caused by the model in the signal detection process.

[0071] Step 2.1. Kernel function selection and parameter initialization

[0072] The radial basis function is used as the kernel function of KELM, and its mathematical expression is as follows:

[0073] K(x i ,x j )=exp(-γ||x i -x j || 2 )

[0074] Where K(x i ,x j ) is the radial basis kernel function, ||·|| is the Euclidean distance, x i is the i-th sample, x j is the j-th sample, and γ is the kernel parameter, which controls the width of the kernel function. The relationship between the kernel parameter γ and the bandwidth parameter σ can be expressed as:

[0075]

[0076] The kernel function parameter and the bandwidth parameter are initialized as γ0=0.5 and σ0=1.0, and the initial value of the regularization coefficient C is C0=100.

[0077] Step 2.2. Define the input and output data structure

[0078] The input data matrix of the KELM model is the preprocessed FBG sensor signal data, which forms the input matrix X∈R N×D , where N is the number of samples and D is the number of sensor channels. The output data matrix of the KELM model is the target output of temperature and pressure values, which forms the matrix Y∈R N×2 , the first column is the temperature value, and the second column is the pressure value.

[0079] Step 2.3. Kernel matrix calculation and model construction

[0080] Based on the training data X and the initial parameter γ0, the kernel matrix Ω∈R N×N is calculated, and the kernel matrix element is:

[0081]

[0082] Where Ω ijThe kernel matrix element is calculated for individuals i and j, and then according to the KELM theory, the output weight matrix β ∈ R is calculated N×2 :

[0083]

[0084] where I is the unit matrix.

[0085] Step 2.4. Model output

[0086] The output function of KELM is defined as:

[0087]

[0088] where is the output of KELM, i.e. the predicted pressure and temperature

[0089] The temperature parameter output by the temperature sensor is closed-loop corrected to the pressure output of the model:

[0090]

[0091] where P is the final output pressure of the model, T measure is the temperature measured by the temperature sensor.

[0092] Step 3: Use HHO algorithm to optimize KELM model parameters, use HHO algorithm to optimize the kernel function parameters and regularization coefficient of KELM model to obtain the optimal KELM model parameters, and the optimization parameter flow chart is as shown in Figure 8 .

[0093] Step 3.1. HHO algorithm parameter setting

[0094] Set the number of Harris Hawk individuals M = 50, define the maximum number of iterations T max = 100, set the escape energy threshold E0 ∈ [0, 1]. The search range of the kernel parameter is γ ∈ [10 -3 , 10 3 ], and the search range of the regularization coefficient is C ∈ [10 -3 , 10 3 ]

[0095] For each Harris Hawk individual i, i = 1, 2, …, M, randomly generate a combination of kernel function parameters and regularization coefficient parameters (γ i , C i ):

[0096] γ i = γ min + (γ max - γ min) • rand(0, 1)

[0097] C i = C min + (C max - C min ) • rand(0, 1)

[0098] where γ min and γ max are the lower and upper bounds of the search for the kernel parameter γ, C min and C max are the lower and upper bounds of the search for the regularization coefficient C, and rand(0, 1) is a uniformly distributed random number.

[0099] Step 3.2. Fitness function design

[0100] The mean square error of the KELM model on the training set samples is taken as the fitness value, and the prediction error is minimized:

[0101]

[0102] where Fitness(γ, C) is the fitness function used to evaluate the goodness of the parameter combination (γ, C), y k is the true temperature and pressure value, is the model prediction value, k is the sample index, and N is the sample number. For each Harris Hawk individual (γ i , C i ), the kernel matrix Ω i and the weight matrix β i are recalculated according to the formula in Step 2. Using the training data itself as input, the prediction value is calculated, and the fitness value Fitness i of this individual is calculated.

[0103] Step 3.3. Simulation of Harris Hawk hunting behavior

[0104] Step 3.3.1 Escape energy update

[0105] In each iteration t, the escape energy E is dynamically updated to control the algorithm to switch from global exploration to local development:

[0106]

[0107] where T max is the maximum number of iterations, when |E| ≥ 1, global exploration is performed, and the prey is not found. When |E| < 1, local development is performed, and the prey is surrounded.

[0108] Step 3.3.2 Global exploration stage

[0109] If |E|≥1, Harris hawk randomly searches the prey position, and the position update formula is expressed as:

[0110]

[0111] where X(t+1) is the parameter position of Harris hawk at the t+1 iteration, X(t) is the parameter position of Harris hawk at the t iteration, represents the parameter combination (γ, C), X rand (t) is the parameter position of the random individual in the current population at the t iteration, X best (t) is the position of the current optimal individual at the t iteration, X mean (t) is the average position of the population at the t iteration, r1, r2, r3, r4 are random numbers in [0, 1], q is a random probability value, L and U are the lower and upper limits of parameter search.

[0112] Step 3.3.3 Local development stage

[0113] If |E|<1, according to the prey escape energy E and the random number r, the random number r is in the range of 0-1, the following strategy is selected:

[0114] Set soft enclosure, r≥0.5 and |E|≥0.5:

[0115] X(t+1)=X best (t)-X(t)-E|JX best (t)-X(t)|

[0116] where J=2(1-r5) simulates the random jumping strength of the prey, r5∈[0,1].

[0117] Set hard enclosure, r≥0.5 and |E|<0.5:

[0118] X(t+1)=X best (t)-E|X best (t)-X(t)|

[0119] Set gradual rapid dive, r<0.5 and |E|≥0.5, generate a random vector S∈R 2 , calculate the dive position:

[0120] X temp =X best (t)-E|JX best (t)-X(t)|

[0121]

[0122] where X temp is a temporary variable, and Levy() is a Levy flight random step length.

[0123] Set the fast dive attack, r < 0.5 and |E| < 0.5:

[0124] X(t+1) = X best (t)-E|X best (t)-X mean (t)|

[0125] Step 3.4. Parameter optimization and model update

[0126] When T max or the fitness value converges. And record the global optimal individual X best =(γ opt ,C opt ).

[0127] Step 4: Model training, using the optimized KELM model to train the training data, to ensure that the model can accurately extract temperature and pressure information.

[0128] Step 4.1 input data division, the data after step 1 preprocessing is divided into training set D train and validation set D val according to the proportion of 7:3, and the output matrix Y train and Y val of the training set and the validation set are one-to-one corresponding to the input data.

[0129] Step 4.2 model parameter loading, get the kernel parameter γ opt and the regularization coefficient C opt optimized by HHO algorithm in step 3, based on the training set data D train and γ opt , recalculate the kernel matrix Ω train :

[0130] Ω train = exp(-γ opt ||x i -x j || 2 )

[0131] Solve the weight matrix β opt using the optimized C opt :

[0132]

[0133] Adopt Cholesky decomposition to ensure the numerical stability of matrix inversion. Obtain the output trained function:

[0134]

[0135] Step 5: Using the trained adaptive HHO-KELM model to predict the measured data to obtain the decoupling values of temperature and pressure.

[0136] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, but does not constitute any other form of limitation on the present application, and any modification or equivalent change made according to the technical essence of the present application still falls within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pulmonary artery floatation catheter based on FBG sensing technology, characterized in that: The utility model provides a kind of pulmonary artery floating catheter, including balloon (1), catheter body (2), adapter port (3) and adapter tube (4), the catheter body (2) is hollow structure and is provided with inflation hole (14) to one end, the balloon (1) is bonded in one end of catheter body (2) and is set up, the adapter port (3) is connected in the other end of catheter body (2), the adapter port (3) is connected with adapter tube (4), the adapter tube (4) is connected with FBG joint, temperature sensor joint (7), proximal hole joint (8), distal hole joint (9) and inflation syringe (10), the FBG joint is at least provided with one and is located at different positions, sequentially provided with cavity in the catheter body (2) along its axial direction, the cavity includes first cavity (21), second cavity (22), third cavity (23), fourth cavity (24) and FBG cavity, the first cavity (21) is proximal hole (11) to one end, other end is connected proximal hole joint (8) by adapter tube (4), the second cavity (22) connects inflation hole (14) with inflation syringe (10), the third cavity (23) is distal hole (12) to one end, other end is connected distal hole joint (9) by adapter tube (4), the fourth cavity (24) is bonded with temperature sensor (31), the sensing head of temperature sensor (31) is located at fourth cavity (24) front end opening, the connecting line of temperature sensor (31) is connected with temperature sensor joint (7), the FBG cavity is bonded with FBG optical fiber (32), the FBG cavity front end is opened with hole, at least one grating area of FBG optical fiber (32) is exposed, the FBG cavity tail end is connected with FBG joint, when pulmonary artery floating catheter is transported to measuring point, the temperature sensor (31) of catheter body (2) front end can detect the blood temperature at measuring point, at least one FBG optical fiber (32) located at different positions in catheter body (2) front end can detect the coupling value of temperature and pressure at measuring point, and is transported to equipment by FBG joint, obtains measuring value, and decouples using HHO-KELM model in equipment, that is, the real-time pressure value here can be obtained.

2. The pulmonary artery floatation catheter based on FBG sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The FBG cavity is provided with two, respectively fifth cavity (25) and sixth cavity (26), the fifth cavity (25) and sixth cavity (26) are mispositioned, and one FBG optical fiber (32) is bonded in the fifth cavity (25) and sixth cavity (26) respectively, the front end of the fifth cavity (25) and sixth cavity (26) is opened with hole respectively, at least one grating area of FBG optical fiber (32) is exposed, and the tail end of the fifth cavity (25) and sixth cavity (26) is connected with FBG joint respectively.

3. The pulmonary artery floatation catheter based on FBG sensing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The FBG joint is provided with two, respectively FBG1 joint (5) and FBG2 joint (6), and the tail end of the fifth cavity (25) and sixth cavity (26) is connected with FBG1 joint (5) and FBG2 joint (6) respectively.

4. The pulmonary artery floatation catheter based on FBG sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also include a hollow tube, one end of the hollow tube is connected to the adapter tube (4), the FBG joint, temperature sensor joint (7), proximal hole joint (8), distal hole joint (9) and inflation syringe (10) are connected to the other end of the hollow tube respectively.

5. The pulmonary artery floatation catheter based on FBG sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catheter body (2) is provided with a fiber glue hole (13) for installing the FBG optical fiber (32), an inflation hole (14) and a temperature sensor glue hole (15) for installing the temperature sensor (31), the fiber glue hole (13) communicates with the FBG cavity, the inflation hole (14) communicates with the second cavity (22), and the temperature sensor glue hole (15) communicates with the fourth cavity (24), after the FBG optical fiber (32) and the temperature sensor (31) are installed through the fiber glue hole (13) and the temperature sensor glue hole (15), they are bonded by biocompatible glue and the gap is filled.

6. The pulmonary artery floatation catheter based on FBG sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the catheter body (2) is provided with a layer of hydrophilic coating, and a scale is provided every 10 cm on the hydrophilic coating.

7. The pulmonary artery floatation catheter based on FBG sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proximal hole joint (8) is connected with a syringe, which is used for infusion or infusion of ice water for measuring cardiac output by hot dilution method.

8. The pulmonary artery floatation catheter based on FBG sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distal hole joint (9) is connected with a syringe, which is used for infusion at the distal end.

9. The pulmonary artery floatation catheter based on FBG sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for decoupling the FBG optical fiber data and the temperature sensor data to obtain accurate pressure values by using the adaptive closed-loop HHO-KELM model is as follows: Step 1: data acquisition and preprocessing, using FBG optical fiber sensor to collect signal data containing temperature and pressure information, temperature sensor to collect temperature signal, and performing low-pass filtering on the collected data; Step 2: initialize kernel function and initial parameters, build KELM model; use the preprocessed FBG optical fiber sensor data as input, temperature and pressure as output, and the temperature parameter output by the temperature sensor to close-loop correct the pressure output of the model, to eliminate the error caused by the model in the signal detection process; Step 2.

1. kernel function selection and parameter initialization The radial basis function is used as the kernel function of KELM, and its mathematical expression is: K(x i ,x j ) = exp(-γ||x i -x j || 2 ) where K(x i ,x j ) is a radial basis kernel function, ||·|| is the Euclidean distance, x i is the i-th sample, x j is the j-th sample, and γ is a kernel parameter that controls the width of the kernel function. The relationship between the kernel parameter γ and the bandwidth parameter σ can be expressed as: Initialize the kernel function parameters and bandwidth parameters γ0=0.5, σ0=1.0, and the initial value of the regularization coefficient C is C0=100; Step 2.

2. define input and output data structure The input data matrix of the KELM model is the preprocessed FBG sensor signal data, which constitutes an input matrix X ∈ R N×D , where N is the number of samples, and D is the number of sensor channels; the output data matrix of the KELM model is the target output of temperature and pressure values, which constitutes a matrix Y ∈ R N×2 , the first column is the temperature value, and the second column is the pressure value. Step 2.

3. kernel matrix calculation and model construction Based on the training data X and the initial parameters γ0, the kernel matrix Ω ∈ R N×N with kernel matrix elements Ω ij = K(x i , x j ) = exp( - γ0||x i - x j || 2 ) where Ω ij is the kernel matrix element computed for individuals i and j, and according to KELM theory, the output weight matrix β ∈ R N×2 is computed as Where I is the unit matrix; Step 2.

4. model output Define the output function of KELM as: wherein is the output of KELM, i.e. the predicted pressure and temperature The temperature parameter output by the temperature sensor is used to close-loop correct the pressure output of the model: where P is the final output pressure of the model, T measure measures the temperature of the temperature sensor; Step 3: optimize the KELM model parameters using HHO algorithm, use HHO algorithm to optimize the kernel function parameters and regularization coefficient of KELM model to obtain the optimal KELM model parameters; Step 3.

1. HHO algorithm parameter setting The number of Harris hawk individuals M = 50 is set, the maximum number of iterations T is defined max = 100, the escape energy threshold E0∈[0, 1] is set; the core parameter search range γ∈[10 -3 , 10 3 ], the regularization coefficient search range C∈[10 -3 , 10 3 ] For each Harris's hawk individual i, i = 1, 2,..., M, a combination of kernel function parameters and regularization coefficient parameters (γ i ,C i ) is randomly generated. gamma i = gamma min + (gamma max - gamma min ) * rand(0, 1) C i = C min + (C max - C min ) · rand(0, 1) wherein γ min and γ max are the lower and upper search limits for the core parameter γ, C min and C max are the lower and upper search limits for the regularization coefficient C, and rand(0, 1) is a uniformly distributed random number; Step 3.

2. fitness function design Use the mean square error of KELM model on the training set samples as the fitness value, and minimize the prediction error: where Fitness(γ, C) is a fitness function to evaluate the goodness of the parameter combination (γ, C), y k are the true temperature and pressure values, are the model predicted values, k is the sample index, and N is the number of samples; for each Harris Hawk individual (γ i , C i ), recalculate the kernel matrix Ω i and the weight matrix β i using the formula in Step 2; use the training data itself as input to calculate the predicted values Calculate the fitness value Fitness i of this individual; Step 3.

3. simulation of harris eagle hunting behavior Step 3.3.1 escape energy update In each round of iteration t, the escape energy E is dynamically updated, and the control algorithm is switched from global exploration to local development: where T max is the maximum number of iterations, when |E|≥1, global exploration is performed, the prey is not found; when |E|<1, local development is performed, the prey is surrounded; Step 3.3.2 Global exploration stage If |E|≥1, the Harris hawk randomly searches for the prey position, and the position update formula is expressed as: wherein X(t+1) is the parameter position of the Harris hawk at the t+1th iteration, X(t) is the parameter position of the Harris hawk at the tth iteration, represents the parameter combination (γ, C), X rand (t) is the parameter position of the random individual in the current population at the tth iteration, X best (t) is the position of the current optimal individual at the tth iteration, X mean (t) is the average position of the population at the tth iteration, r1, r2, r3, r4 are random numbers in [0, 1], q is a random probability value, L, U are the lower and upper limits of parameter search. Step 3.3.3 Local development stage If |E|<1, according to the prey escape energy E and the random number r, the random number r is in the range of 0-1, the following strategies are selected: set soft enclosure, r≥0.5 and |E|≥0.5: X(t + 1) = X best (t) - X(t) - E|JX best (t) - X(t) | Where, J=2(1-r5) simulates the random jumping strength of the prey, r5∈[0,1]; Set hard enclosure, r≥0.5 and |E|<0.5: X(t + 1) = X best (t) - E|X best (t) - X(t) | Set a progressive fast dive, r < 0.5 and |E| ≥ 0.5, generate a random vector S ∈ R 2 , calculate the dive position: X temp = X best (t) - E|JX best (t) - X(t)| where X temp is a temporary variable, Levy() is a Levy flight random step size; Set fast dive attack, r<0.5 and |E|<0.5: X(t+1) = X best (t) - E|X best (t) - X mean (t) | Step 3.

4. Parameter optimization and model update When T max or fitness value converges; stop; and record the global optimal individual X best = (γ opt , C opt ); Step 4: Model training, use the optimized KELM model to train the training data, ensure that the model can accurately extract temperature and pressure information; Step 4.1 Input data division, divide the data preprocessed in step 1 into training set D and validation set D according to the proportion of 7:3 train Step 4.2 Training set D and validation set D are trained by using the training set D and the validation set D val , and the output matrix Y train and Y val of the training set and the validation set are obtained respectively. Step 5.1 Input data division, divide the data preprocessed in step 1 into training set D and validation set D according to the proportion of 7:3 train Step 5.2 Training set D and validation set D are trained by using the training set D and the validation Step 4.2 Model parameter loading, obtain the kernel parameter γ optimized by HHO algorithm from step 3 opt and the regularization coefficient C opt , based on the training set data D train and γ opt , recalculate the kernel matrix Ω train : Ω train = exp(-γ opt ||x i -x j || 2 ) Using the optimized C opt Solving the weight matrix β opt : Adopt Cholesky decomposition to ensure the numerical stability of matrix inversion; obtain the output trained function: Step 5: Use the trained adaptive HHO-KELM model to predict the measured data, and get the decoupling value of temperature and pressure.

Images