Aluminum alloy hollow round cast ingot deep well casting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep well casting device for an aluminum alloy hollow round cast ingot, and belongs to the technical field of deep well casting equipment, the deep well casting device comprises a mold disc and a dummy ingot disc, the mold disc is provided with a crystallizer, the dummy ingot disc is provided with a dummy ingot device, and the crystallizer and the dummy ingot device are matched to cast the aluminum alloy hollow round cast ingot. Compared with an existing outer side cooling and inner and outer cooling mode, the outer annular cavity, the connecting cavity and the inner annular cavity for cooling water to flow are constructed, synchronous cooling from the two sides and the interior of molten aluminum is achieved, the consistency of the cooling rates of all the positions of the molten aluminum is high, and the casting quality of the aluminum alloy hollow circular cast ingot can be improved. On the basis of further improvement, the trigger mechanism used for detecting molten aluminum leakage and the plugging mechanism started through the trigger mechanism are integrated in the crystallizer, rapid detection of the molten aluminum leakage can be achieved, the molten aluminum is blocked outside the crystallizer in time, and the risk of casting well explosion caused by the molten aluminum leakage is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of deep well casting equipment, and in particular relates to a deep well casting device for hollow round aluminum alloy ingots. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy hollow round ingot is a new type of aluminum alloy product (belonging to advanced non-ferrous metal materials). Large-size aluminum alloy hollow round ingot has good forming and processing performance, corrosion resistance, and strong weldability. It is widely used in shipbuilding, automobile, aircraft welding parts, pressure vessels, refrigeration equipment and other equipment manufacturing fields.

[0003] The existing production of hollow round aluminum alloy ingots in my country is mainly based on the production method of cold material dissolution. This method not only has a slow smelting speed, but also has a low casting output due to the limitations of the furnace body and the water tray structure. The filtering device in the casting process is simple and it is difficult to improve the product quality. Alternatively, the solid round ingot is processed into a hollow round ingot by lathe and boring, which has high production costs and low production efficiency.

[0004] Our company independently develops and manufactures aluminum alloy hollow round ingots using the electrolytic aluminum liquid produced by our company, and uses deep well casting to produce aluminum alloy hollow round ingots. After the research and development of tooling and the innovation of process links, we directly use high-temperature liquid aluminum to produce hollow round ingots, realizing the large-scale production of new products of 6061Φ600mm / Φ400mm large-size thin-walled aluminum alloy hollow round ingots.

[0005] In order to obtain a more uniform organizational structure, improve dimensional accuracy, reduce internal defects and improve production efficiency, deep well casting is usually used to produce aluminum alloy hollow round ingots. Deep well casting includes the steps of batching and smelting, casting, cooling, demolding and post-processing. The purpose of the cooling step is to control the organizational structure and release internal stress. The commonly used cooling method is water cooling, in which circulating cooling water absorbs heat in the molten metal medium to solidify it.

[0006] During the research and development process, we found that the existing water cooling methods include cooling the molten aluminum liquid only from the outside and gradually cooling the inside by heat transfer, and also include setting a core mold on the inside while cooling the outside and passing circulating cooling water into the core mold. However, there are still the following problems: 1. When cooling only from the outside, the cooling rate at different locations during the solidification of the aluminum liquid is inconsistent, that is, the degree of solidification and solidification rate at different locations at the same time are different, which leads to different stress release rates at different locations of the hollow aluminum alloy.

[0007] 2. The method of synchronous cooling on the inner and outer sides reduces the inconsistency compared with the method of only cooling from the outer side. However, two different cooling water supply pipelines are often required for the inner and outer sides, and the cooling water supply speed is likely to be inconsistent between the inner and outer sides, resulting in inconsistent cooling rates of the molten aluminum on the inner and outer sides.

[0008] 3. The existing cooling methods cannot quickly cool the inside of the molten aluminum, resulting in a large temperature difference between the inside and the inner and outer side walls, which is not conducive to the casting quality of the hollow aluminum alloy round ingot.

[0009] 4. During the deep-well casting process of aluminum alloy, if there is a leakage of molten aluminum, there is a hidden danger of explosion when a large amount of molten aluminum meets water. The existing prevention methods usually set up a monitoring system in the casting well and use the monitoring system for real-time monitoring. When it is found that the molten aluminum leaks, the monitoring system feeds back to the control system, and the control system cuts off the supply of molten aluminum from the outside of the casting well. However, the molten aluminum in the pipeline that has not been intercepted will still continuously flow into the mold, and there is still a safety hazard of explosion.

[0010] Based on this, the R & D personnel have proposed a deep-well casting device for hollow aluminum alloy round ingots. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of inconsistent cooling rates of each part during the cooling and solidification process of molten aluminum in the deep-well casting process of hollow aluminum alloy round ingots, and to provide a deep-well casting device for hollow aluminum alloy round ingots, which helps to improve the consistency of the solidification degree and solidification rate of molten aluminum at the same time everywhere, reduce the difference in the stress release rate of each part of the hollow aluminum alloy round ingot, and improve the casting quality of the hollow aluminum alloy round ingot.

[0012] A deep-well casting device for hollow aluminum alloy round ingots includes a dummy block disposed in the casting well and a mold plate disposed at the top opening of the casting well. A mold is provided at the bottom of the mold plate, and a dummy bar is provided at the top of the dummy block. The mold cooperates with the dummy bar to cast a hollow aluminum alloy round ingot. The feature is that the mold includes a connecting plate and a cooling component; The connecting plate is provided with a groove, a connecting channel, and a first annular liquid cavity for guiding molten aluminum and communicating in sequence. The groove is located at the center of the first annular liquid cavity. A plurality of connecting channels are evenly arranged circumferentially around the first annular liquid cavity. A first annular cavity for guiding cooling water is provided outside the first annular liquid cavity; The cooling assembly is disposed at the bottom of the connecting disk and includes an outer annular cavity and an inner annular cavity that are concentrically spaced apart. A second annular liquid cavity is formed between the inner annular cavity and the outer annular cavity. The first annular liquid cavity and the second annular liquid cavity are vertically communicated. A connecting cavity is provided in the second annular liquid cavity. A plurality of the connecting cavities are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second annular liquid cavity. The outer annular cavity includes an upper annular chamber and a lower annular chamber. The upper annular chamber is communicated with the first annular cavity. The connecting cavity includes an upper connecting cavity and a lower connecting cavity. The upper connecting cavity is used to communicate the upper annular chamber with the inner annular cavity, and the lower connecting cavity is used to communicate the inner annular cavity with the lower annular chamber.

[0013] Further, the connecting disk is provided with a second annular cavity. The outer side of the second annular cavity has an annular opening. The inner side of the second annular cavity is communicated with the lower annular chamber. The crystallizer further includes an auxiliary cooling assembly. The auxiliary cooling assembly includes a rotating ring, an elastic member, and a cooling pipe. The rotating ring is disposed at the annular opening and is in sealed rotational connection with the second annular cavity. The elastic member has a C-shaped hollow structure. The upper end of the elastic member passes through the rotating ring and is communicated with the second annular cavity, and the lower end is communicated with the cooling pipe. A plurality of the elastic members are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating ring. The cooling pipe is an arc-shaped bent pipe. The cooling pipe is provided with spray holes. An included angle is formed between the axis of the spray hole and the horizontal plane, and at the same time, the axis of the spray hole faces the side of the axis of the crystallizer.

[0014] Further, the cooling assembly is in sealed rotational connection with the connecting disk, and the rotating ring is connected to the lower annular chamber.

[0015] Further, a recessed portion is provided at the bottom of the connecting disk. The recessed portion is located below the groove. The upper part of the recessed portion wraps the outer side of the groove. The crystallizer is provided with a blocking mechanism and a triggering mechanism. The blocking mechanism includes a blocking member, an elastic element, and a one-way bearing that are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The blocking member is in sealed rotational connection with the connecting disk. The blocking member includes blocking plates that are the same in number as the connecting channels and are disposed on one side of the connecting channels. The blocking plates are used to block the connecting channels. The elastic element and the one-way bearing cooperate to provide torsion for the blocking member. The one-way bearing is provided with a locking member. The locking member is rotationally connected to the blocking member. The triggering mechanism is used to trigger the blocking member to block the connecting channels, and the triggering mechanism limits the blocking plates to one side of the conveying channel.

[0016] Further, the triggering mechanism includes a heat-conducting ring disposed inside the inner annular cavity. A plurality of first thermosensitive elements are evenly arranged circumferentially on the heat-conducting ring. The number of the first thermosensitive elements is the same as that of the conveying channels. The first thermosensitive element includes an L-shaped rod and a limiting block disposed at one end of the L-shaped rod. The limiting block is located between the adjacent conveying channels and the sealing plate, and the limiting block is used to limit the sealing plate. A second thermosensitive element is disposed at the bottom of the first thermosensitive element. The thermosensitive coefficient of the first thermosensitive element is less than that of the second thermosensitive element. A heat-conducting plate is disposed between the outer annular cavity and the inner annular cavity. One end of the heat-conducting plate passes through the inner annular cavity and is rotatably connected to the heat-conducting ring, and the other end passes through the second annular cavity and is connected to the elastic member.

[0017] Further, the connecting cavity has a plate-shaped hollow structure and is inclined in its moving direction.

[0018] Further, both the upper connecting cavity and the lower connecting cavity are arranged in a spiral structure.

[0019] Further, a limiting member is disposed inside the elastic member, and a plurality of limiting protrusions with the same number and corresponding positions are correspondingly disposed on the outer side of the connecting disk. The limiting member adopts a right-angled triangular prism structure.

[0020] Further, one side of the mold plate is rotatably connected to the top of the casting well, and a hydraulic push rod is disposed at the top of the casting well. The hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic push rod is hinged to the edge of the top of the casting well, and the telescopic rod of the hydraulic push rod is hinged to the bottom of the mold plate.

[0021] Further, a flow channel is horizontally disposed on the top surface of the mold plate, and a plurality of liquid cavities are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the flow channel. The liquid cavities are located above the grooves and communicate with the grooves.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows.

[0023] 1. By cooperating the connecting disk of the crystallizer with the cooling assembly, the present invention forms a groove, a connecting channel, a first annular liquid cavity and a second annular liquid cavity that are sequentially connected for the flow of molten aluminum, and at the same time forms a first annular cavity, an upper annular cavity, an upper connecting cavity, an inner annular cavity, a lower connecting cavity and a lower annular cavity that are sequentially connected for the flow of cooling water. Among them, different from the existing cooling methods that only cool from the outside or cool synchronously from the inside and outside, in the present invention, the cooling water flows from one side of the molten aluminum to the other side and then returns from the other side. During the flow of the cooling water, not only the two sides of the molten aluminum are cooled, but also the inside of the molten aluminum is cooled, and the flow rates of the cooling water in each part are the same. The consistency of the temperature reduction and solidification of each part of the molten aluminum is relatively high, which helps the stress release of each part of the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot to tend to be consistent and ensures the casting quality of the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot.

[0024] 2. The present invention is also provided with an auxiliary cooling component, which sprays and flushes cooling water on the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot. By using the reaction force generated by the spraying and flushing, the effect of rotating spraying and flushing of the auxiliary cooling component is achieved, which is beneficial to the uniform cooling of the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot. The auxiliary cooling component drives the cooling component to rotate, realizing the dynamic cooling of the connection cavity in the cooling component, which helps to further improve the uniformity of the internal cooling and temperature reduction of the molten aluminum.

[0025] 3. In the present invention, the plugging mechanism and the triggering mechanism cooperate to achieve the detection of molten aluminum leakage and the blocking of molten aluminum. The cooling pipe rotates along the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot to comprehensively detect the molten aluminum leakage. When molten aluminum leaks, the molten aluminum flows downward along the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot, and the high-temperature molten aluminum transfers heat to the first thermosensitive element and the second thermosensitive element through the cooling pipe, the elastic element, the heat conducting plate and the heat conducting ring in sequence. Since the thermosensitive coefficient of the first thermosensitive element is less than that of the second thermosensitive element, after the temperature rises, the first thermosensitive element bends upward to drive the limiting block to separate from the plugging plate. Under the torsional force of the elastic element, the plugging plate rotates to the adjacent connection channel, blocking the groove and the connection channel, and quickly blocking the molten aluminum outside the mold. Compared with the separately provided detection mechanism, the present invention realizes the rapid detection and rapid blocking of molten aluminum leakage through the structural design, which can effectively reduce the probability of deep well explosion accidents.

[0026] 4. The present invention designs the shape of the connection cavity as a plate-like structure, and both the upper connection cavity group and the lower connection cavity group adopt a spiral layout mechanism. When the cooling component rotates, on the one hand, it helps the connection cavity to fully contact and cool the molten aluminum, and on the other hand, it helps to discharge the bubbles in the molten aluminum, thereby improving the casting quality of the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the deep well casting device of the present invention in the casting preparation state.

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the casting starting state of the casting device of the present invention application.

[0029] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural sectional view of the mold plate and the mold of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic internal structure diagram of the mold of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic connection structure diagram of the connection disk and the cooling component of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic connection structure diagram of the cooling component and the auxiliary cooling component of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7It is an exploded perspective view of the crystallizer of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a sectional perspective view of the connection cavity of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural view of the first thermosensitive element and the second thermosensitive element of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 It is a sectional perspective view of the plugging member, elastic member, one-way bearing and locking member of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 11 It is a characteristic diagram of the as-cast structure of an aluminum alloy hollow round ingot produced by the deep-well casting device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 12 It is a characteristic diagram of the homogenized structure of an aluminum alloy hollow round ingot produced by the deep-well casting device of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 100, casting well; 200, cooling water pipe; 201, water supply joint; 300, mold plate; 301, runner; 302, liquid cavity; 303, connection joint; 304, water conveyance channel; 400, crystallizer; 410, connection plate; 411, groove; 412, connection channel; 413, first annular liquid cavity; 414, first annular cavity; 415, second annular cavity; 416, recessed part; 420, cooling assembly; 421, outer annular cavity; 4211, upper annular chamber; 4212, lower annular chamber; 422, inner annular cavity; 423, connection cavity; 424, second annular liquid cavity; 430, auxiliary cooling assembly; 431, rotating ring; 432, elastic member; 433, cooling pipe; 434, limiting projection; 435, limiting member; 440, plugging mechanism; 441, plugging member; 442, elastic element; 443, locking member; 444, one-way bearing; 450, triggering mechanism; 451, heat conducting ring; 452, first thermosensitive element; 4521, limiting block; 453, second thermosensitive element; 454, heat conducting plate; 500, dummy bar; 600, dummy bar plate; 700, hydraulic push rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment 1 What is disclosed in this embodiment is a deep-well casting device for aluminum alloy hollow round ingots, which is used for deep-well casting of aluminum alloy hollow round ingots.

[0042] Refer to Figures 1 - 3, The deep-well casting device is arranged in the casting well 100 and includes a mold plate 300, a dummy bar plate 600, and a cooling water pipe 200. The mold plate 300 is provided with a mold 400, the dummy bar plate 600 is provided with a dummy bar 500, and the dummy bar plate 600 is connected to the lifting equipment in the casting well 100. The molten aluminum flows into the mold 400 through the mold plate 300. The mold 400 cooperates with the dummy bar 500 to cast an aluminum alloy hollow round ingot. During the casting process, the cooling water pipe 200 supplies water to the mold 400 for cooling. The molten aluminum cools down in the mold 400 and gradually solidifies at the lower part of the mold 400. At the same time, the lifting equipment supports and pulls the dummy bar plate 600 to slowly descend to complete the casting.

[0043] The specific structures and connection relationships of each component are as follows: 1. Mold plate 300 Referring to Figure 2 , a runner 301 and a liquid cavity 302 are provided at the top of the mold plate 300. The runner 301 is arranged horizontally at the midline position of the mold plate 300. A plurality of groups of liquid cavities 302 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the runner 301. The liquid cavities 302 are communicated with the runner 301.

[0044] The mold plate 300 is arranged at the top of the casting well 100. The edge of the mold plate 300 on one side of the runner 301 is rotatably connected to the top edge of the casting well 100. (Referring to Figure 1 ), a hydraulic push rod 700 is provided between the mold plate 300 and the casting well 100. The hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic push rod 700 is hinged to the casting well 100, and the hinged position is close to the side where the mold plate 300 is rotatably connected to the casting well 100. The telescopic end of the hydraulic push rod 700 is hinged to the bottom of the mold plate 300, and the hinged position is below the runner 301 of the mold plate 300.

[0045] Referring to Figure 3 , the water supply joint 201 of the cooling water pipe 200 is arranged at the top edge of the casting well 100. A connection joint 303 is correspondingly provided at the bottom of the mold plate 300. The connection joint 303 is detachably connected to the water supply joint 201. A water conveyance channel 304 is embedded in the mold plate 300. One end of the water conveyance channel 304 is communicated with the connection joint 303, and the other end is communicated with the mold 400.

[0046] The above settings can achieve that when the telescopic end of the hydraulic push rod 700 extends, it drives the mold plate 300 to rotate to one side of the top of the casting well 100. At this time, the mold plate 300 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. When the telescopic end of the hydraulic push rod 700 contracts, it drives the mold plate 300 to rotate to the horizontal, that is, the mold plate 300 covers the top of the casting well 100. The water supply joint 201 is communicated with the connection joint 303, and the cooling water enters the water conveyance channel 304 and then flows into the mold 400 to start circulating cooling. The molten aluminum is introduced into the mold plate 300, flows along the runner 301 into the liquid cavities 302, and then flows into the mold 400 through the liquid cavities 302.

[0047] 2. Mold 400 Refer to Figures 4 - 5 , the mold 400 includes a connecting plate 410 and a cooling assembly 420.

[0048] The connecting plate 410 is arranged at the bottom of the mold plate 300. A groove 411 is provided in the center of the top of the connecting plate 410 (refer to Figure 3 ), the top opening of the groove 411 communicates with the liquid cavity 302 above it, (refer to Figure 4 ). The connecting plate 410 is provided with a first annular liquid cavity 413. The groove 411 is located at the center of the circle of the first annular liquid cavity 413. A plurality of connecting channels 412 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the groove 411 between the groove 411 and the first annular liquid cavity 413, (refer to Figure 5 ). The connecting plate 410 is provided with a first annular cavity 414. The first annular cavity 414 is sleeved outside the first annular liquid cavity 413, and the first annular cavity 414 communicates with the water delivery channel 304 of the mold plate 300.

[0049] The cooling assembly 420 is arranged on the connecting plate 410, (refer to Figure 5 ). The cooling assembly 420 includes two concentric inner annular cavities 422 and an outer annular cavity 421. There is a radial interval between the inner annular cavity 422 and the outer annular cavity 421, and the radial interval forms a second annular liquid cavity 424. The second annular liquid cavity 424 is coaxial with the first annular liquid cavity 413. The second annular liquid cavity 424 is located below the first annular liquid cavity 413 and communicates with it. A connecting cavity 423 is provided between the inner annular cavity 422 and the outer annular cavity 421, (refer to Figure 6 ). Two sets of annular chambers are arranged at intervals up and down in the outer annular cavity 421, including an upper annular chamber 4211 and a lower annular chamber 4212. The upper annular chamber 4211 communicates with the first annular cavity 414 of the connecting plate 410, (refer to Figure 7 ). The connecting cavity 423 is divided into an upper connecting cavity and a lower connecting cavity. Among them, both ends of the upper connecting cavity communicate with the upper annular chamber 4211 and the inner annular cavity 422 respectively, and the lower connecting cavity communicates with the inner annular cavity 422 and the lower annular chamber 4212 respectively. A plurality of upper connecting cavities are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second annular liquid cavity 424 to form an upper connecting cavity group. Correspondingly, a plurality of lower connecting cavities are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second annular liquid cavity 424 to form a lower connecting cavity group.

[0050] The above settings can achieve that the molten aluminum flows into the groove 411 in the center of the mold 400 through the liquid cavity 302, and then flows into the first annular liquid cavity 413 and the second annular liquid cavity 424 in sequence through the connecting channel 412. At the same time, the cooling water flows into the first annular cavity 414 of the connecting plate 410 along the water delivery channel 304 of the mold plate 300, and then flows into the upper annular cavity 4211, the upper connecting cavity, the inner annular cavity 422, the lower connecting cavity and the lower annular cavity 4212 in sequence, so as to cool the molten aluminum flowing through the second annular liquid cavity 424 between the inner annular cavity 422 and the outer annular cavity 421 comprehensively from the outside, inside and inside, which helps the molten aluminum to be cooled and solidified uniformly in the lower part of the mold 400.

[0051] 3. The dummy bar 500 and the dummy bar plate 600 Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the dummy bar 500 has an annular groove, the annular groove is aligned with the second annular liquid cavity 424, the outer side of the upper part of the dummy bar 500 is provided with a fillet, the dummy bar 500 is arranged on the top of the dummy bar plate 600, multiple dummy bars 500 are provided, the dummy bars 500 correspond to the molds 400 one by one, and the dummy bar plate 600 is located in the casting well 100.

[0052] The above settings can achieve that the mold 400 and the dummy bar 500 are aligned and cooperate to form a forming cavity. The molten aluminum is cooled and solidified by the mold 400. The lifting equipment pulls and supports the dummy bar plate 600 to move slowly downward. The molten aluminum after being cooled by the mold 400 is gradually solidified, and the dummy bar 500 pulls the solidified and formed hollow circular aluminum ingot downward.

[0053] The working process of the deep-well casting device for the aluminum alloy hollow circular ingot in this embodiment is as follows: Casting preparation: The mold plate 300 rotates to one side of the top opening of the casting well 100.

[0054] Casting start: First, the telescopic end of the hydraulic push rod 700 contracts to drive the mold plate 300 to rotate to the horizontal. At this time, the water supply joint 201 of the cooling water pipe 200 is communicated with the connecting joint 303 at the bottom of the mold plate 300, and the mold 400 is docked with the corresponding dummy bar 500 to form a forming cavity.

[0055] Then, the molten aluminum is introduced into the mold plate 300 from one end of the runner 301, enters the crystallizer 400 through the liquid cavity 302, and the molten aluminum in the groove 411 flows into the connecting channel 412, the first annular liquid cavity 413, and the second annular liquid cavity 424 in sequence. Meanwhile, the cooling water pipe 200 supplies water to the mold plate 300, and the cooling water enters the connecting plate 410 of the crystallizer 400 through the water delivery channel 304, and flows into the cooling assembly 420 along the first annular cavity 414. The cooling water in the cooling assembly 420 flows through the upper annular cavity 4211 of the outer annular cavity 421, the upper connecting cavity, the inner annular cavity 422, the lower connecting cavity, and the lower annular cavity 4212 in sequence. Among them, the outer annular cavity 421 cools the molten aluminum from the outside, the inner annular cavity 422 cools the molten aluminum from the inside, and the connecting cavity 423 groups arranged up and down evenly cool the inside of the molten aluminum, which is beneficial to reducing the difference in the cooling rate of each part of the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot, thereby solving the casting quality problem caused by uneven elimination of thermal stress.

[0056] As the aluminum liquid medium cooled in the forming cavity (lower part) between the dummy bar 500 and the crystallizer 400 gradually solidifies and forms, the lifting equipment in the casting well 100 drives the dummy bar 600 to move downward, so that the dummy bar 500 pulls the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot to move downward together. The solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot gradually detaches from the crystallizer 400. During this process, the molten aluminum on the runner 301 of the mold plate 300 continuously flows into the crystallizer 400 and enters the lower part of the second annular liquid cavity 424 (the forming cavity between the dummy bar 500 and the crystallizer 400), and the molten aluminum continuously solidifies and moves away at the lower part of the second annular liquid cavity 424 of the crystallizer 400, thus completing the casting of the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot. (The process of aluminum liquid solidification can refer to 3D printing) Embodiment 2 An aluminum alloy hollow round ingot deep well casting device disclosed in this embodiment, on the basis of Embodiment 1, further has the function of further cooling the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot.

[0057] According to an aluminum alloy hollow round ingot deep well casting device of an embodiment of the present application, in Embodiment 1, the crystallizer 400 further includes an auxiliary cooling assembly 430.

[0058] The structures, connection relationships, and working processes of the connecting plate 410 and the cooling assembly 420 of the crystallizer 400 in Embodiment 1 will not be elaborated here, and the auxiliary cooling assembly 430 will be mainly described.

[0059] Refer to Figure 7 , the auxiliary cooling assembly 430 includes a rotating ring 431, an elastic member 432, and a cooling pipe 433. The following will describe these components one by one according to the connection relationship sequence.

[0060] Rotating ring 431 Refer to Figure 6, the connecting disk 410 of the mold 400 is provided with a second annular cavity 415. The second annular cavity 415 is located outside the outer annular cavity 421 and is coaxial with the outer annular cavity 421. The inner side of the second annular cavity 415 communicates with the lower annular chamber 4212 of the outer annular cavity 421. The outer side of the second annular cavity 415 is provided with an annular opening. The rotating ring 431 is arranged at the annular opening, and the rotating ring 431 is in sealed sliding connection with the second annular cavity 415, that is, the rotating ring 431 is rotationally matched with the connecting disk 410.

[0061] 2. Elastic member 432, cooling pipe 433 Referring to Figure 6 , the elastic member 432 has a C-shaped hollow structure. The upper end of the elastic member 432 passes through the rotating ring 431 and communicates with the second annular cavity 415. The lower end of the elastic member 432 communicates with the cooling pipe 433. (Referring to Figure 7 ) A plurality of elastic members 432 are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the rotating ring 431. Correspondingly, a plurality of cooling pipes 433 are provided. The cooling pipes 433 are arc-shaped bent pipes. The cooling pipes 433 are provided with spray holes 4331. The spray holes 4331 face the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot. Specifically, the central axis of the spray hole 4331 has a certain angle with the horizontal plane, and the axis deviates to one side of the central axis of the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot. The cooling water sprays obliquely upward along the spray hole 4331.

[0062] The above settings can achieve that the second annular cavity 415, the elastic member 432 and the cooling pipe 433 are connected. The cooling water flows through the second annular cavity 415 and the elastic member 432 in sequence through the lower annular chamber 4212 of the outer annular cavity 421, and then flows into the cooling pipe 433. The cooling water is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot through the spray holes 4331.

[0063] The working process of this embodiment continues from Embodiment 1 and is described in detail as follows: When the mold 400 and the dummy bar 500 are connected to form a forming cavity, the dummy bar 500 squeezes the cooling pipe 433, deforming the elastic member 432. The elastic member 432 moves away from the axis of the mold 400 (i.e., deflects outward). The dummy bar 500 pulls the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot downward. At the same time, the cooling water in the lower annular chamber 4212 flows through the second annular cavity 415 and the elastic member 432 in sequence and enters the cooling pipe 433. The cooling water sprays and cools the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot along the spray holes 4331. Since a plurality of cooling pipes 433 are circumferentially and uniformly arranged around the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot, the reaction force generated by the collision of the cooling water and the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot can push the rotating ring 431 to rotate counterclockwise (viewing the rotating ring from above), which helps the cooling water to evenly spray and cool the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot.

[0064] Embodiment 3 An aluminum alloy hollow round ingot deep-well casting device disclosed in this embodiment is further improved on the basis of Embodiment 2.

[0065] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the outer annular cavity 421 and the inner annular cavity 422 are respectively rotatably connected to the connecting disk 410, and the rotating ring 431 is connected to the lower annular cavity 4212, that is, the rotating ring 431 is connected to the outer annular cavity 421.

[0066] The above settings can achieve that when the cooling pipe 433 sprays water to cool the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot, the cooling pipe 433 drives the outer annular cavity 421 to rotate through the elastic member 432 and the rotating ring 431 in sequence. Since the outer annular cavity 421 and the inner annular cavity 422 are connected through the connecting cavity 423, the auxiliary cooling assembly 430 drives the cooling assembly 420 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0067] The inner annular cavity 422 and the outer annular cavity 421 drive the connecting cavity 423 located in the second annular liquid cavity 424 to rotate, and the connecting cavity 423 cools the molten aluminum during movement, which helps to further improve the cooling uniformity.

[0068] Embodiment 4 An aluminum alloy hollow round ingot deep-well casting device disclosed in this embodiment further improves the shape and position of the connecting cavity 423 on the basis of Embodiment 1, so that it has the function of removing bubbles in the molten aluminum during the rotation process.

[0069] Referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the specific structure of the connecting cavity 423 is a plate-like structure with a cavity, and the connecting cavity 423 is inclined along its rotation direction in the second annular liquid cavity 424.

[0070] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 7 , the upper connecting cavity group and the lower connecting cavity group are arranged in an overall double-layer spiral structure.

[0071] The above settings can achieve that during the rotation of the upper connecting cavity group and the lower connecting cavity group in the second annular liquid cavity 424, the connecting cavity 423 with a plate-like structure and inclined setting squeezes the molten aluminum in the adjacent area. On the one hand, it helps to improve the cooling effect, and on the other hand, it helps to discharge the bubbles in the molten aluminum.

[0072] Embodiment 5 An aluminum alloy hollow round ingot deep-well casting device disclosed in this embodiment also has the functions of detecting aluminum liquid leakage and plugging the leakage on the basis of Embodiment 3.

[0073] Referring to Figure 9 and Figure 10, An aluminum alloy hollow round ingot deep-well casting device according to an embodiment of the present application. In Embodiment 3, the crystallizer 400 further includes a plugging mechanism 440 and a triggering mechanism 450.

[0074] 1. Plugging mechanism 440 The plugging mechanism 440 includes a one-way bearing 444, a plugging member 441, a locking member 443, and an elastic element 442.

[0075] Refer to Figure 7 , a recess 416 is provided at the center of the bottom of the connecting disk 410 of the crystallizer 400. The recess 416 extends upward and is sleeved outside the groove 411. (Refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 ) Inside the recess 416, a plugging member 441, an elastic element 442, and a one-way bearing 444 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The locking member 443 is arranged inside the one-way bearing 444. The plugging member 441 is arranged outside the groove 411. The plugging member 441 is sealingly and rotatably connected to the connecting disk 410. The plugging member 441 includes a plurality of plugging plates evenly arranged circumferentially around the groove 411. The number of the plugging plates is the same as that of the connecting channels 412 and they correspond one by one. The elastic element 442 is a torsion spring. The one-way bearing 444 can only rotate counterclockwise relative to the crystallizer 400 (viewing the crystallizer from above). The locking member 443 is provided with a hexagonal groove, and the locking member 443 is rotatably connected to the plugging member 441.

[0076] The above settings can achieve that by rotating the locking member 443 counterclockwise, the locking member 443 drives the elastic element 442 to deform. A torsion force is applied to the plugging member 441 through the elastic element 442. The one-way bearing 444 can limit the elastic element 442. At this time, the plugging plate is located on one side of the connecting channel 412, and the plugging plate is limited by the triggering mechanism 450 to keep the connecting channel 412 and the groove 411 communicating.

[0077] 2. Triggering mechanism 450 The triggering mechanism 450 includes a heat-conducting plate 454, a heat-conducting ring 451, a first thermosensitive member 452, and a second thermosensitive member 453.

[0078] Refer to Figure 9 , the heat-conducting ring 451 is arranged inside the connecting disk 410. The first thermosensitive member 452 includes an L-shaped rod and a limiting block 4521. Among them, the limiting block 4521 is located between the adjacent connecting channel 412 and the plugging plate. One end of the L-shaped rod is connected to the limiting block 4521, and the other end is connected to the heat-conducting ring 451. The second thermosensitive member 453 is arranged at the bottom of the first thermosensitive member 452. The thermosensitive coefficient of the first thermosensitive member 452 is less than that of the second thermosensitive member 453. A plurality of first thermosensitive members 452 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the heat-conducting ring 451. The number of the first thermosensitive members 452 is the same as that of the plugging plates. (Refer to Figure 6The heat conducting plate 454 is disposed between the inner annular cavity 422 and the outer annular cavity 421. One end of the heat conducting plate 454 passes through the inner annular cavity 422 and is slidably connected to the heat conducting ring 451, and the other end extends into the lower annular chamber 4212 and is connected to the elastic member 432.

[0079] Heat insulating layers are provided on the outer sides of the heat conducting plate 454, the first thermosensitive member 452, and the second thermosensitive member 453. Both the cooling pipe 433 and the elastic member 432 are made of heat conducting materials.

[0080] The above settings can achieve the following: the limiting block 4521 limits the plugging plate, the cooling pipe 433 sprays water to cool the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot, the auxiliary cooling assembly 430 rotates and drives the cooling assembly 420 to rotate, and the heat conducting plate 454 rotates in the second annular liquid cavity 424 along with the cooling assembly 420. When aluminum liquid leaks, the aluminum liquid flows along the side wall of the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot, the aluminum liquid contacts the cooling pipe 433, resulting in a continuous increase in the temperature of the cooling pipe 433, and the heat is sequentially transferred to the heat conducting plate 454, the heat conducting ring 451, the first thermosensitive member 452, and the second thermosensitive member 453 through the elastic member 432. As the temperatures of the first thermosensitive member 452 and the second thermosensitive member 453 increase, since the expansion amount of the second thermosensitive member 453 is greater than that of the first thermosensitive member 452, the first thermosensitive member 452 bends upward, driving the limiting block 4521 to separate from the plugging plate. Under the torsional force, the plugging plate moves to block the connection channel 412, and the aluminum liquid cannot continue to be introduced into the mold 400 from the groove 411.

[0081] Embodiment 6 An aluminum alloy hollow round ingot deep well casting device disclosed in this embodiment is a further improvement on the auxiliary cooling assembly 430 based on Embodiment 2.

[0082] Refer to Figure 6 , a limiting member 435 is provided inside the elastic member 432 of the auxiliary cooling assembly 430. The limiting member 435 is a right-angled triangular prism. Limiting protrusions 434 are provided at corresponding positions on the vertical side wall of the connection disk 410. The limiting protrusions 434 are evenly arranged around the side wall of the connection disk 410, and the number of the limiting protrusions 434 is the same as that of the limiting member 435 and the positions correspond.

[0083] The above settings can achieve the following: the limiting member 435 contacts the limiting protrusion 434, the limiting protrusion 434 gradually presses the limiting member 435, forcing the elastic member 432 to deform until the limiting member 435 separates from the limiting protrusion 434, and the elastic member 432 returns and drives the cooling pipe 433 to impact the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot.

[0084] The working process of the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot deep well casting device in this embodiment is as follows: The cooling pipe 433 continuously sprays cooling water onto the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot through the spray holes 4331. The cooling pipe 433 drives the elastic member 432 to rotate counterclockwise, and the limiting member 435 rotates with the elastic member 432. The limiting member 435 contacts the limiting protrusion 434. At this time, the cooling pipe 433 is disengaged from the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot. The limiting protrusion 434 continuously presses the limiting member 435, forcing the elastic member 432 to deform. When the elastic member 432 moves to the point where the limiting protrusion 434 loses its limitation on the limiting member 435, the elastic member 432 resets under the action of its own elastic force. The elastic member 432 drives the cooling pipe 433 to impact the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot. Multiple cooling pipes 433 strike synchronously, causing the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot to vibrate slightly. On the one hand, it helps to promote the separation of the solidified aluminum alloy hollow round ingot from the mold 400. On the other hand, the vibration helps to eliminate the bubbles in the molten aluminum, thereby improving the casting quality of the aluminum alloy hollow round ingot.

[0085] Refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 , our company conducts slice detection on the produced and cast aluminum alloy hollow round ingots, and it can be found that the as-cast tissue characteristics and homogenized tissue characteristics are good. No defects are found in the macrostructure, the grain size is grade one in the high-power detection, the microstructural detection shows that the microshrinkage is <100um, there is no overheating or overburning phenomenon in the alloy after homogenization, and the chemical composition is uniform.

[0086] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep well casting device for hollow round aluminum alloy ingots, comprising a starter plate (600) arranged in a casting well (100), and a mold plate (300) arranged at the top opening of the casting well (100), wherein a crystallizer (400) is arranged at the bottom of the mold plate (300), and a starter (500) is arranged at the top of the starter plate (600), wherein the crystallizer (400) and the starter (500) cooperate to cast hollow round aluminum alloy ingots, characterized in that: The crystallizer (400) comprises a connecting plate (410) and a cooling assembly (420); The connecting disk (410) is provided with a groove (411) for guiding aluminum liquid and connected in sequence, a connecting channel (412) and a first annular liquid cavity (413), the groove (411) is located at the center of the first annular liquid cavity (413), a plurality of connecting channels (412) are evenly arranged around the first annular liquid cavity (413), and a first annular cavity (414) for guiding cooling water is provided on the outer side of the first annular liquid cavity (413); The cooling assembly (420) is arranged on the connecting disk (410), and comprises an outer annular cavity (421) and an inner annular cavity (422) spaced concentrically, wherein a second annular liquid cavity (424) is formed between the inner annular cavity (422) and the outer annular cavity (421), the first annular liquid cavity (413) and the second annular liquid cavity (424) are connected up and down, and a connecting cavity (423) is provided in the second annular liquid cavity (424), and the connecting cavity (423) is connected along the second annular liquid cavity (42 4) multiple annular chambers (421) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, the outer annular chamber (421) comprises an upper annular chamber (4211) and a lower annular chamber (4212), the upper annular chamber (4211) is connected to the first annular chamber (414), the connecting chamber (423) comprises an upper connecting chamber and a lower connecting chamber, the upper connecting chamber is used to connect the upper annular chamber (4211) with the inner annular chamber (422), and the lower connecting chamber is used to connect the inner annular chamber (422) with the lower annular chamber (4212).

2. The deep well casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate (410) is provided with a second annular cavity (415), the outer side of the second annular cavity (415) has an annular opening, the inner side of the second annular cavity (415) is communicated with the lower annular chamber (4212), the crystallizer (400) further comprises an auxiliary cooling component (430), the auxiliary cooling component (430) comprises a rotating ring (431), an elastic member (432) and a cooling pipe (433), the rotating ring (431) is arranged at the annular opening and is sealed and rotatably connected to the second annular cavity (415), the The elastic member (432) is in a C-shaped hollow structure. The upper end of the elastic member (432) passes through the rotating ring (431) and is connected to the second annular cavity (415), and the lower end is connected to the cooling pipe (433). A plurality of the elastic members (432) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the rotating ring (431). The cooling pipe (433) is in an arc-shaped curved pipe. The cooling pipe (433) is provided with a spray hole (4331). An angle is formed between the axis of the spray hole (4331) and a horizontal plane, and the axis of the spray hole (4331) faces one side of the axis of the crystallizer (400).

3. The deep well casting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling assembly (420) is sealingly rotatably connected to the connecting disk (410), and the rotating ring (431) is connected to the lower annular chamber (4212).

4. The deep well casting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A recessed portion (416) is provided at the bottom of the connection disk (410), the recessed portion (416) is located below the groove (411), and the upper portion of the recessed portion (416) wraps around the outside of the groove (411). The crystallizer (400) is provided with a blocking mechanism (440) and a trigger mechanism (450), the blocking mechanism (440) being arranged in the recessed portion (416), the blocking mechanism (440) comprising a blocking piece (441), an elastic element (442) and a one-way bearing (444) connected in sequence from top to bottom, the blocking piece (441) being sealingly rotatably connected to the connection disk (410), and the blocking piece (441) being rotatably connected to the connection disk (410). (441) comprises a blocking plate, the number of which is the same as that of the connecting channel (412) and which is arranged on one side of the connecting channel (412), the blocking plate being used to block the connecting channel (412), the elastic element (442) and the one-way bearing (444) cooperate to provide torque for the blocking member (441), the one-way bearing (444) is provided with a locking member (443), the locking member (443) is rotatably connected to the blocking member (441), the trigger mechanism (450) is used to trigger the blocking member (441) to block the connecting channel (412), and the trigger mechanism (450) limits the blocking plate to one side of the connecting channel (412).

5. The deep well casting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The trigger mechanism (450) comprises a heat-conducting ring (451) arranged inside the inner annular cavity (422), a plurality of first heat-sensitive components (452) being evenly arranged around the heat-conducting ring (451), the number of the first heat-sensitive components (452) being the same as the number of the connecting channels (412), the first heat-sensitive components (452) comprising an L-shaped rod, and a limit block (4521) arranged at one end of the L-shaped rod, the limit block (4521) being located between adjacent connecting channels (412) and the blocking plate, the limit block (4521) is used for limiting the sealing plate, a second thermosensitive component (453) is provided at the bottom of the first thermosensitive component (452), the thermal sensitivity coefficient of the first thermosensitive component (452) is smaller than that of the second thermosensitive component (453), a heat conducting plate (454) is provided between the outer annular cavity (421) and the inner annular cavity (422), one end of the heat conducting plate (454) passes through the inner annular cavity (422) and is rotatably connected to the heat conducting ring (451), and the other end passes through the second annular cavity (415) and is connected to the elastic component (432).

6. The deep well casting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting cavity (423) is a plate-shaped hollow structure, and the connecting cavity (423) is inclined in its moving direction.

7. The deep well casting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper connecting cavity and the lower connecting cavity are both arranged in a spiral structure.

8. The deep well casting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting piece (435) is provided on the inner side of the elastic piece (432), and limiting protrusions (434) of the same number and corresponding positions as the limiting piece (435) are provided on the outer side of the connection plate (410), wherein the limiting piece (435) adopts a right-angled triangular prism structure.

9. The deep well casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the mold plate (300) is rotatably connected to the top of the casting well (100), and a hydraulic push rod (700) is provided on the top of the casting well (100), the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic push rod (700) is hinged to the top edge of the casting well (100), and the telescopic rod of the hydraulic push rod (700) is hinged to the bottom of the mold plate (300).

10. The deep well casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow channel (301) is disposed transversely on the top surface of the mold plate (300), and a plurality of liquid pockets (302) are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the flow channel (301), wherein the liquid pockets (302) are located above the groove (411) and are in communication with the groove (411).

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