Attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth. The attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer comprises nano attapulgite, an organic composted material, a bio-enzyme and a microbial agent. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: activating and modifying attapulgite powder with certain purity and granularity to obtain nano attapulgite, fermenting and decomposing organic materials, and proportionally mixing the nano attapulgite and the organic materials with bio-enzyme, microbial flora and the like to obtain the attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer. The attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer obtained by the invention not only can improve the soil structure, but also can provide nutrients, improve the drought tolerance and disease and pest resistance of tomatoes, and enhance the stress resistance of tomatoes; meanwhile, rich macroelements, medium elements and trace elements are provided for growth and development of tomatoes, the yield of tomatoes is increased, and the quality of tomatoes is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention discloses a preparation method of an attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth. The attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer includes nano-attapulgite, organic decomposed material, bio-enzyme, and microbial inoculum. The present invention also discloses the preparation method of the above-mentioned attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer, activating and modifying attapulgite powder with a certain purity and particle size to obtain nano-attapulgite, fermenting and decomposing organic materials, and mixing the two with bio-enzyme, microorganisms, etc. in proportion to obtain the attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer. The attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer obtained by the present invention can not only improve the soil structure, but also provide nutrients, improve the drought tolerance and pest and disease resistance of tomatoes, and enhance the stress resistance of tomatoes; at the same time, it provides rich macro, medium, and micro elements for the growth and development of tomatoes, increases the tomato yield, and improves the tomato quality. Background Art

[0002] Tomatoes are widely planted vegetables globally and play a key role in China's vegetable industry. It is not only a fine fresh food but also widely used in processing products such as tomato ketchup and tomato juice. According to the data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, in recent years, the global tomato production has been continuously increasing. As a major producer, China has a high proportion in the global production, and its planting benefits are directly related to the income of numerous farmers and the development of related industries. Under the long-term high-intensity planting mode, tomato planting faces many problems. On the one hand, the continuous cropping obstacle problem is prominent. Frequent planting leads to the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria in the soil, and soil-borne diseases such as fusarium wilt and root-knot nematode disease occur frequently, seriously affecting the yield and quality. On the other hand, traditional planting relies on a large amount of chemical fertilizers to maintain the yield. Long-term excessive use of chemical fertilizers has caused soil compaction, acidification, a decline in soil fertility, a weakening of the water and fertilizer retention capacity, and further damaged the soil ecological balance.

[0003] Bio-organic fertilizers integrate the long-acting property of organic fertilizers, the activity of microorganisms, and the characteristics of specific functional substances, and have obvious advantages in agricultural production. It can effectively improve the physical structure of the soil, increase the soil porosity, and improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil. Microorganisms reproduce and metabolize in the soil, which can promote the transformation of soil nutrients, improve the nutrient availability, and at the same time inhibit the growth of harmful pathogenic bacteria and enhance the stress resistance of tomatoes. In addition, bio-organic fertilizers can also reduce the use amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, reduce the harmful substance residues in agricultural products and the soil, and ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products.

[0004] With the continuous increase in consumers' demand for green and organic agricultural products, and the deepening of the concept of agricultural sustainable development, the market prospect of bio-organic fertilizers is broad. The market's demand for high-efficiency bio-organic fertilizers that can not only meet the growth needs of crops but also improve the soil environment and reduce environmental pollution is becoming increasingly urgent. Developing special bio-organic fertilizers for specific crops, such as tomatoes, has become an important research direction in the agricultural field.

[0005] Attapulgite is a clay mineral with a special layer-chain crystal structure, having a large specific surface area, strong adsorption performance, and a relatively high cation exchange capacity. These properties enable it to adsorb nutrient ions in the soil, reduce nutrient loss, achieve slow release of nutrients, and improve fertilizer utilization efficiency. At the same time, attapulgite can also adsorb harmful substances in the soil and reduce their harm to the growth of tomatoes.

[0006] In terms of soil improvement, attapulgite can promote the formation of a stable aggregate structure of soil particles, improve soil aeration and water permeability. It also has a certain regulatory effect on soil pH, creating a suitable soil environment for the growth of tomatoes. In addition, the active sites on the surface of attapulgite can interact with microorganisms, providing a good habitat for microorganisms, promoting the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms, and further improving the soil microecological environment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a preparation method of an attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for the growth of tomatoes. The present invention applies the physical and chemical properties of attapulgite, and through specific physical purification and chemical activation processes, increases its specific surface area and cation exchange capacity, greatly enhancing its adsorption and slow release capabilities of nutrients. High-quality chitosan is selected to ensure its good biological activity and film-forming performance, and is combined with organic materials that have been strictly screened and fermented, rich in various medium and trace elements and a large amount of organic matter, providing sufficient "food" for soil microorganisms. At the same time, high-efficiency microbial agents and biological enzymes are introduced to synergistically promote the transformation and utilization of soil nutrients.

[0008] The present invention provides a preparation method of an attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for the growth of tomatoes, which comprises the following weight components: 5 - 50 parts of nano-attapulgite, 85 - 200 parts of organic compost, 0.1 - 0.5 parts of biological enzyme, 0.1 - 0.5 parts of microbial bacteria.

[0009] Preferably, it comprises the following weight components: 5 parts of nano-attapulgite, 85 parts of organic compost, 0.1 part of biological enzyme, 0.1 part of microbial bacteria.

[0010] Preferably, it comprises the following weight components: 50 parts of nano-attapulgite, 200 parts of organic compost, 0.5 part of biological enzyme, 0.5 part of microbial bacteria.

[0011] Preferably, the microbial agent is one or more of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus mucilaginosus, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Aspergillus oryzae, Candida lipolytica, Trichoderma viride, Azotobacter chroococcum.

[0012] Preferably, the bio-enzyme is one or more of protease, lipase, amylase, cellulase, and catalase. Preferably, the purity of the nano-attapulgite powder is 50%-90%, and the particle size is 200 mesh.

[0013] Preferably, it includes the following steps: 1) Stir attapulgite powder with 8-15 times its mass of water for 30 min - 90 min to obtain a slurry. 2) Continuously stir the slurry in step 1) at 3000 r / min - 5000 r / min, and drop acetic acid with a mass 0.8 - 2 times that of the attapulgite powder. 3) After the acetic acid addition is completed, continue to stir at 8000 r / min - 15000 r / min for 30 min - 90 min. After stirring, wash and filter until the pH of the filtrate is 7 to obtain an attapulgite filter cake. 4) Add 1 - 5 times the mass of water to the attapulgite filter cake obtained in step 3), and then add 0.1 - 0.6 times its mass of chitosan and 0.1 - 1 times its mass of ammonium sulfate, and react at 50 - 90 °C for 90 min - 120 min. 5) Dry the slurry after the reaction using a spray dryer to obtain a solid powder. 6) Grind and disperse the obtained solid powder using a nano-grinding and dispersing machine to obtain nano-attapulgite. Preferably, in step 1), stir at 8000 r / min - 15000 r / min.

[0014] Preferably, in step 2), the concentration of acetic acid is 2 - 10%.

[0015] Preferably, in step 3), react at 50 - 90 °C and 1000 r / min for 90 min - 120 min.

[0016] Preferably, mix the nano-attapulgite, organic matured manure, bio-enzyme, and microbial bacteria evenly in proportion to obtain an attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth.

[0017] Advantages of the present invention: The present invention applies the unique physical and chemical properties of attapulgite, activates and modifies it, polymerizes it with chitosan to prepare nano-attapulgite, and combines nanotechnology with biotechnology to provide an attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for the growth of tomatoes. This attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer has an acid-base buffering capacity, can effectively adjust the soil pH value. At the same time, it increases the soil cation exchange capacity, enhances the adsorption and retention capacity of the soil for nutrient ions, and maintains the soil nutrient balance. It provides rich carbon sources, nitrogen sources and habitats for soil microorganisms, enhances the microbial activity, accelerates the decomposition and transformation of organic matter in the soil, promotes the soil nutrient cycle, and further improves the soil fertility. Using natural attapulgite, chitosan and organic waste as the main raw materials, it realizes the effective utilization of natural resources and waste. It not only reduces the dependence on non-renewable resources, but also reduces the environmental pollution caused by waste, conforms to the concept of circular economy and sustainable development, and provides strong support for the sustainable development of agriculture. Detailed implementation mode Example

[0018] The present invention provides an attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for the growth of tomatoes and a preparation method thereof, which includes the following steps: 1) Attapulgite powder with a purity of 50% and a particle size of 200 mesh is stirred with 8 times its mass of water at 8000 r / min for 30 min to obtain a slurry; 2) The slurry in step 1) is continuously stirred at 3000 r / min, and acetic acid with a mass 0.8 times that of the attapulgite powder is dropped in, and the acetic acid concentration is 2%; 3) After the acetic acid is added dropwise, it is continuously stirred at 8000 r / min for 30 min. After the stirring is completed, it is washed and filtered until the pH of the filtrate is 7 to obtain an attapulgite filter cake; 4) The attapulgite filter cake obtained in step 3) is added with 1 time its mass of water, and then 0.1 times its mass of chitosan and 0.1 times its mass of ammonium sulfate are added, and the reaction is carried out at 50 °C and 1000 r / min for 90 min; 5) The slurry after the reaction is dried with a spray dryer to obtain a solid powder; 6) The obtained solid powder is ground and dispersed with a nano-grinding and dispersing machine to obtain nano-attapulgite; 7) 5 parts of nano-attapulgite, 100 parts of organic compost, 0.1 part of biological enzyme, and 0.5 part of microbial bacteria are mixed evenly in proportion to obtain an attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for the growth of tomatoes. Example

[0019] The present invention provides an attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for the growth of tomatoes and a preparation method thereof, which includes the following steps: 1) Stir the attapulgite powder with a purity of 90% and a particle size of 200 mesh with 8 - 15 times its mass of water at 15,000 r / min for 90 min to obtain a slurry. 2) Continue to stir the slurry in step 1) at 5,000 r / min, and drop in acetic acid with a mass twice that of the attapulgite powder, and the acetic acid concentration is 10%. 3) After the addition of acetic acid is completed, continue to stir at 15,000 r / min for 90 min. After stirring, wash and filter until the pH of the filtrate is 7 to obtain an attapulgite filter cake. 4) Add 1 - 5 times the mass of water of the attapulgite filter cake obtained in step 3), and then add 0.6 times its mass of chitosan and 0.8 times its mass of ammonium sulfate, and react at 90 °C and 1,000 r / min for 120 min. 5) Dry the slurry after the reaction using a spray dryer to obtain a solid powder. 6) Grind and disperse the obtained solid powder using a nano - grinding and dispersing machine to obtain nano - attapulgite. 7) Mix 30 parts of nano - attapulgite, 85 parts of organic compost, 0.5 part of bio - enzyme, and 0.1 part of microbial bacteria evenly according to the ratio to obtain an attapulgite bio - organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth. Example

[0020] The present invention provides an attapulgite bio - organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth and its preparation method, which includes the following steps: 1) Stir the attapulgite powder with a purity of 70% and a particle size of 200 mesh with 12 times its mass of water at 1,000 r / min for 50 min to obtain a slurry. 2) Continue to stir the slurry in step 2) at 4,000 r / min, and drop in acetic acid with a mass 1.5 times that of the attapulgite powder, and the acetic acid concentration is 7%. 3) After the addition of acetic acid is completed, continue to stir at 1,000 r / min for 60 min. After stirring, wash and filter until the pH of the filtrate is 7 to obtain an attapulgite filter cake. 4) Add 4 times the mass of water of the attapulgite filter cake obtained in step 4), and then add 0.4 times its mass of chitosan, and react at 70 °C and 1,000 r / min for 100 min. 5) Dry the slurry after the reaction using a spray dryer to obtain a solid powder. 6) Grind and disperse the obtained solid powder using a nano - grinding and dispersing machine to obtain nano - attapulgite. 7) Mix 50 parts of nano-attapulgite, 200 parts of organic decomposed fertilizer, 0.2 parts of biological enzyme, and 0.3 parts of microbial bacteria evenly according to the ratio to obtain a contrast ratio of attapulgite biological organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth. Prove the effect of attapulgite biological organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth through field trials: 1. Test site and soil conditions: Group 5, Lengshang Village, Jiangkou Town, Li County, Longnan City, Gansu Province. The tested soil is cinnamon soil, and the previous crop is wheat.

[0021] 2. Test fertilizers: Attapulgite biological organic fertilizer; ordinary biological organic fertilizer (commercially available); chemical fertilizer (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, N-P2O5-K2O ratio is 15 - 15 - 15).

[0022] 3. Test crops: The tomato variety is "Pink Crown No. 1".

[0023] 4. Test treatments: Set 4 treatment groups, with 3 replicates in each group, and use a randomized block arrangement.

[0024] Treatment A: Apply attapulgite biological organic fertilizer. According to previous research, the application rate is determined to be 150 kg / mu.

[0025] Treatment B: Apply the same amount of ordinary biological organic fertilizer.

[0026] Treatment C: Apply the same amount of chemical fertilizer according to the local conventional fertilization rate.

[0027] Treatment D: Do not fertilize, as a blank control.

[0028] 5. Plot setting: The area of each plot is 20 m². Set isolation belts between plots to prevent fertilizers from affecting each other. Set protection rows around, and plant tomatoes of the same variety.

[0029] 6. Fertilization method: Before transplanting tomatoes, evenly spread the fertilizer on the soil surface, and then plow to fully mix the fertilizer with the soil. For topdressing, according to the growth stage of tomatoes, topdress according to different treatment requirements during key periods such as the flowering stage and fruit setting stage.

[0030] 7. Field management: The field management measures of each treatment group are kept consistent, including sowing time, transplanting density, irrigation, pest and disease control, etc. Operate strictly in accordance with the local high-yield cultivation technical regulations for tomatoes to ensure the consistency of test conditions.

[0031] V. Determination Items and Methods 8. Test Results (1) Growth Index At different growth stages of tomatoes, such as the seedling stage, flowering stage, and fruiting stage, 10 tomato plants were randomly selected from each plot. The plant height was measured with a tape measure, and the stem diameter was measured with a vernier caliper. The data were recorded and the average values were calculated.

[0032] The same plants were selected above, the number of leaves was counted, the leaf area was measured using a leaf area meter, and the effects of different fertilizer treatments on the leaf growth of tomatoes were analyzed. The statistical results of the growth index data are shown in Table 1. Statistical Table of Growth Indexes.

[0033]

[0034] The data showed that at each growth stage, the tomatoes treated with attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer (Treatment A) were generally superior to other treatment groups in terms of growth indexes such as plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, and leaf area.

[0035] (2) Yield Index After the fruits were mature, all the tomato fruits in each plot were picked in batches, the number and weight of the fruits per plant were recorded, and the yield per plant was calculated. The yields per plant in each plot were added up to obtain the plot yield, which was then converted into the yield per mu. The statistical table of yields is shown in Table 2. Statistical Table of Yields.

[0036]

[0037] The above data showed that the use of attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer (Treatment A) increased the number of fruits per plant, the weight of single fruit, the yield per plant, the plot yield, and the yield per mu by 14.3%, 10.9%, 8.4%, 8.1%, and 10.2% compared with the use of ordinary bio-organic fertilizer (Treatment B), and performed better than the use of chemical fertilizers and the blank treatment.

[0038] (3) Quality Index After the experiment, professional personnel were invited as candidate evaluators, and 15 people were randomly selected and divided into 3 groups to form an evaluation panel. The evaluators conducted sensory evaluations on the appearance quality of the fruits, such as color, shape, and size uniformity. The average value of 5 people in each group was taken for each index, and then the average value of the 3 groups was taken as the final index value.

[0039] At the end of the experiment, 10 fruits were randomly selected from each treatment, and after the pulp was mixed evenly, the contents of soluble sugar, vitamin C, and lycopene were measured. The statistical results of the data are shown in Table 3. Statistical Table of Quality Indexes.

[0040]

[0041] The above data indicate that tomatoes treated with attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer (Treatment A) performed excellently in terms of fruit color, shape, and size uniformity compared to other treatment groups; the contents of soluble sugar, vitamin C, and lycopene increased by 5.4%, 7.1%, and 6.1% respectively compared to those treated with ordinary bio-organic fertilizer, and were significantly increased compared to those treated with chemical fertilizer and the blank group.

[0042] (4) Soil indicators Before and after the experiment, soil samples were collected from the 0 - 20 cm soil layer of each plot to measure soil pH, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium. The microbial community structure and diversity of soil bacteria, fungi, etc. were analyzed to study the effects of different fertilizer treatments on soil microbial ecology. The test results of soil indicators are shown in Table 4. Statistical table of soil indicators.

[0043]

[0044] It can be seen from the above data that using attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer (Treatment A) increased by 4.6%, 8%, 3.3%, 5.9%, 6.2%, 34.8%, and 38.9% respectively compared to using ordinary bio-organic fertilizer in improving soil pH, increasing organic matter content, increasing soil nutrients (available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium), and promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms (bacteria, fungi), and the effect was better than that of using chemical fertilizer and the blank treatment group.

[0045] The present invention and its implementation manners have been described above. Such description is not restrictive, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Generally speaking, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design similar structural modes and embodiments without creative work without departing from the purpose of the present invention, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth, comprising nano attapulgite, organic compost, biological enzymes, and microorganisms.

2. The method for preparing a attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth according to claim 1, characterized in that: Nano-attapulgite is activated and modified.

3. The method for preparing a attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth according to claim 1, characterized in that: Organic compost is obtained by adding fermentation agents, stacking and naturally fermenting one or more of the following: Chinese medicinal materials: mugwort residue, chicken manure, rabbit manure, sheep manure, cow manure, and crop straw as fermentation raw materials.

4. The method for preparing a attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological enzyme is one or more of protease, lipase, amylase, cellulase and catalase, and is a commercially available product.

5. The method for preparing the attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microorganisms are one or more of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus gelatinus, Bradyrhizobium, Aspergillus oryzae, Candida lipolytica, Trichoderma viride, and Azotobacter chinensis, and are commercially available products.

6. The method for preparing the attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attapulgite biological organic fertilizer suitable for growing tomatoes comprises the following components by weight: 5-50 parts of nano attapulgite, 85-200 parts of organic decomposed materials, 0.1-0.5 parts of biological enzymes and 0.1-0.5 parts of microorganisms.

7. According to any one of claims 1 to 6, a method for preparing attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth: In the first step, the attapulgite powder and water of 8 to 15 times its mass are stirred at 8000 r / min to 15000 r / min for 30 min to 90 min to obtain a slurry.

8. In the second step, the prepared slurry is continuously stirred at 3000 r / min~5000 r / min, and acetic acid in an amount of 0.8~2 times the mass of the attapulgite powder is dropped into the slurry, and the concentration of the acetic acid is 2~10%.

9. In the third step, after the addition of acetic acid is completed, stirring is continued at 8000 r / min~15000 r / min for 30min`90min. After the stirring is completed, washing and filtering are performed until the pH value of the filtrate is 7 to obtain a attapulgite filter cake.

10. In the fourth step, add 1 to 5 times the mass of water to the obtained attapulgite filter cake, then add 0.1 to 0.6 times the mass of chitosan and 0.1 to 1 times the mass of ammonium sulfate, and react at 50 to 90 degrees and 1000 r / min for 90 min to 120 min.

11. In the fifth step, the slurry after the reaction is completed is dried using a spray dryer to obtain a solid powder.

12. Step 6: Grind and disperse the obtained solid powder using a nano-grinding and dispersing machine to obtain nano-attapulgite; The seventh step is to use one or more of the Chinese medicinal materials mugwort residue, chicken manure, rabbit manure, sheep manure, cow manure, and crop straw as fermentation raw materials, add fermentation agents under the condition of 55% moisture, stack, and naturally ferment to obtain organic mature material.

13. In the eighth step, the obtained nano-attapulgite, organic compost, biological enzyme and microorganism are uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion to obtain an attapulgite biological organic fertilizer suitable for the growth of tomatoes.

14. The method for preparing the attapulgite bio-organic fertilizer suitable for tomato growth according to claim 6, characterized in that: The attapulgite used in the first step was purchased from Baiyin Runkai Commercial Management Co., Ltd., with a purity of 50% to 90% and a particle size of 200 meshes.

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