Sound Absorbing and Sound Insulating Integrated Prefabricated Metamaterial Building Materials and Their Assembly Methods

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating prefabricated meta-structure building material and its assembly method. The material comprises a sound-insulating composite layer, a sound-absorbing composite layer, and a keel assembly frame. The sound-insulating composite layer comprises a sound-insulating mass layer, an energy-damping layer, and an air layer, while the sound-absorbing composite layer comprises a sound-absorbing metamaterial component, a porous material component, and a sound-absorbing finish layer. Compared to existing technologies, this invention achieves lightweight and thin design while also balancing efficient wall sound insulation, indoor noise absorption, and sound field control capabilities. The material can adjust the reverberation time and uniformity of the indoor sound field based on specified frequency characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and in particular relates to a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material and an assembling method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Prefabricated construction is a major trend in the future development of the construction industry. It can gradually address the challenges of traditional construction, such as high waste, variable quality, outdated wet construction methods, environmental pollution, low efficiency, slow construction schedules, and high assembly costs. Existing prefabricated wall configurations can only meet single acoustic insulation requirements, failing to simultaneously address the comprehensive performance requirements of high-level sound insulation, lightweight construction, indoor noise absorption, and sound field control.

[0003] Patent publication number CN119145545A discloses a sound-absorbing and noise-reducing prefabricated wall system, comprising a keel frame, perforated panels, auxiliary components, mounting elements, movable panels, a negative pressure module, an energy dissipation module, and a matching module. This patent incorporates targeted absorption measures for sound waves in various frequency bands. The Helmholtz resonator, composed of the movable panels, perforated panels, and auxiliary components, absorbs low- and mid-frequency sound waves. A sponge layer expands the absorption frequency band and achieves targeted absorption of high-frequency sound waves. For mid-frequency sound waves, which are common in daily life, a thin-plate resonant sound-absorbing structure is constructed using resonant panels, reinforcements, and movable panels. This structure focuses on absorbing and dissipating mid-frequency sound waves, reducing indoor sound reflections, lowering noise, and enhancing sound clarity.

[0004] Patent publication number CN221481119U discloses an assembled wall structure, comprising a first wall, a second wall being fixedly mounted on the left end of the first wall, a third groove being provided inside the first wall, a drive assembly being provided on the first wall and the third groove, and an adjustment mechanism being provided on the first wall and the drive assembly; the adjustment mechanism comprising an adjustment block provided on the drive assembly, a connecting rod being fixed on opposite sides of the two adjustment blocks, a first limit block being fixed on opposite sides of the two connecting rods, and a sliding rod being fixed on both ends of the adjustment block for supporting the movement of the adjustment block. This assembled partition wall structure, through the cooperation of the drive assembly and the adjustment mechanism, can achieve rapid installation, fixing, or disassembly of the first and second walls, improving assembly efficiency while preventing damage to the first and second walls after disassembly, facilitating resource recycling and reuse, and having a simple assembly and disassembly method and easy operation.

[0005] Patent publication number CN119553807A discloses a soundproof and fireproof integrated assembled partition keel, which includes a decorative panel, a fireproof and soundproof rock wool panel, and a damping core. Adjacent decorative panels are connected by connectors. A horizontal keel is installed on the inner side of the decorative panel in the horizontal direction, and a vertical keel is installed on the inner side of the decorative panel in the vertical direction. Two fireproof and soundproof rock wool panels are provided and installed in the inner cavity formed between the horizontal keel and the vertical keel. A sound insulation board is installed between the two fireproof and soundproof rock wool panels. The damping core is installed between the front and rear vertical keels. The damping core tightens the front and rear vertical keels and also tightens the left and right sound insulation boards. By tightening or compressing the various components through the damping core, the components can be integrated and assembled together, greatly improving the sound insulation and noise reduction performance of the product.

[0006] Many traditional prefabricated walls on the current market are restricted by the characteristics of the materials themselves and still have many disadvantages; and they are also restricted by the law of mass and require a larger thickness and weight to achieve high sound insulation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material and an assembly method thereof, so as to improve the functionality and comfort of the existing building system.

[0008] The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material provided by the present invention meets the comprehensive performance requirements of high-level sound insulation, lightness and thinness, fire resistance, indoor noise absorption and sound field control capability.

[0009] The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated prefabricated super-structure building material and its assembly method provided by the present invention can achieve lightweight and thin walls while meeting high-level sound insulation capabilities, and can focus on energy absorption of specific frequency noise in the room, reduce the reflection of specific frequency sound waves, and realize the ability to control the indoor sound field, such as adjusting the reverberation time, sound field uniformity and voice clarity of the indoor sound field, to create a quiet and comfortable indoor communication environment.

[0010] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0011] The present invention first provides a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material, comprising a sound-insulating composite layer, a sound-absorbing composite layer and a keel assembly frame.

[0012] The sound insulation composite layer includes a sound insulation mass layer, a damping energy dissipation layer and an air layer. The sound insulation composite layer is stacked in the form of a sound insulation mass layer, a damping energy dissipation layer, an air layer, a damping energy dissipation layer and a sound insulation mass layer. The sound insulation mass layer and the damping energy dissipation layer are tightly attached to each other. In the sound insulation composite layer, the damping energy dissipation layer and the sound insulation mass layer form a sound insulation composite unit.

[0013] The sound-absorbing composite layer includes a sound-absorbing metamaterial component, a porous material component and a sound-absorbing finishing layer.

[0014] The sound-absorbing metamaterial component and the porous material component are located in the same layer and are respectively fixed on the surface of the sound-insulating mass layer close to one side of the sound-absorbing composite layer. The sound-absorbing metamaterial component and the porous material component are alternately distributed on the surface of the sound-insulating mass layer. The sound-absorbing finishing layer is arranged on the outer surfaces of the sound-absorbing metamaterial component and the porous material component.

[0015] The sound-absorbing metamaterial component is composed of resonant sound-absorbing cavity units arranged in an array. A single resonant sound-absorbing cavity unit is composed of a cavity and an embedded tube body. The embedded tube body is located in the cavity. Multiple resonant sound-absorbing cavity units constitute a metastructure sound-absorbing module. Multiple metastructure sound-absorbing modules constitute a metastructure sound-absorbing module. A layer of metal wire mesh is laid on the surface of the cavity.

[0016] The keel assembly frame includes a sound insulation layer keel assembly frame and a sound absorption layer keel assembly frame.

[0017] The sound insulation layer keel assembly frame is arranged around the sound insulation composite layer, and the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame is at least in contact with the four sides of the damping energy dissipation layer. The sound insulation layer keel assembly frame and the damping energy dissipation layer are sealed, so that the air layer is naturally formed between the two opposing damping energy dissipation layers and the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame, thereby reducing the solid-borne sound transmission between adjacent sound insulation composite units and destroying the mode of the original sound insulation composite layer, thereby avoiding the resonance of the wall panel and the rapid reduction of the sound insulation value in a certain frequency band.

[0018] The sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame is arranged around the sound absorbing composite layer.

[0019] In the present invention, the sound insulation composite layer is used to meet the requirements of lightweight and thin wall while taking into account high-level sound insulation performance, the sound absorption composite layer is used to meet the indoor noise absorption and sound field control capabilities, and the keel assembly frame is used for array splicing of super-structured partition wall material components to meet the assembly requirements of wall width sizes in different usage scenarios.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound insulation composite layer comprises at least one air layer in the middle and at least two sound insulation composite units located on both sides of the air layer.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the sound insulation composite layer, the number of the sound insulation composite units is n, and 2≤n≤4;

[0022] When n=3, a third sound insulation composite unit is set outside the sound insulation composite unit away from the side of the sound absorption composite layer.

[0023] When n=4, a third sound insulation composite unit and a fourth sound insulation composite unit are respectively arranged outside the two sound insulation composite units located on both sides of the air layer;

[0024] When two adjacent sound insulation composite units are directly connected without being separated by an air layer, the stacking method between the two adjacent sound insulation composite units is: sound insulation mass layer, damping energy dissipation layer, sound insulation mass layer, damping energy dissipation layer; or, damping energy dissipation layer, sound insulation mass layer, damping energy dissipation layer, sound insulation mass layer.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound insulation mass layer on the side away from the sound absorbing composite layer serves as the back plate of the sound absorbing and insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound insulation mass layer is made of a high-density metal plate, which can be selected from galvanized plates. In some specific embodiments, the sound insulation mass layer has a thickness of 2 mm.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the energy-dissipating damping layer is made of butyl rubber. In some specific embodiments, the energy-dissipating damping layer has an average loss factor of about 0.7 in the frequency range of 100-5000 Hz at room temperature and a thickness of 3 mm.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound insulation mass layer and the energy-damping layer are fixedly connected by bonding. The bonding method between the sound insulation mass layer and the energy-damping layer can be achieved by hot pressing, vulcanization or coating.

[0029] With the structure of the sound insulation composite layer provided in the present application, when sound waves pass through each sound insulation mass layer, they will generate reflected sound and transmitted sound. When the reflected sound is reflected back to the previous sound insulation mass layer, it will be reflected again, resulting in multiple reflections of the sound waves between the two sound insulation mass layers. At the same time, in conjunction with the damping energy dissipation layer, the sound energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated. Therefore, the sound energy will be greatly attenuated each time it passes through a sound insulation composite unit, thereby achieving a high sound insulation effect.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound-absorbing metamaterial component absorbs sound waves in a specific frequency band. For example, in a conference room, every participant requires clear and high-fidelity vocal feedback. Therefore, it is necessary to specifically absorb and modulate sound waves in the vocally sensitive frequency band to prevent the problem of poor speech clarity caused by prolonged vocal reverberation time in the mid-frequency band. In this case, the sound-absorbing metamaterial component is selected to absorb sound waves in the vocally sensitive frequency band.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound-absorbing metamaterial assembly is composed of resonant sound-absorbing cavity units arranged in an array. For example, 3*3 resonant sound-absorbing cavity units form a metastructured sound-absorbing module, and 4 metastructured sound-absorbing modules form a metastructured sound-absorbing module. In actual implementations of the present invention, the sound-absorbing metamaterial assembly can be composed of artificially designed structures of a certain size, rather than a specific substrate.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound-absorbing metamaterial component is composed of resonant sound-absorbing cavity units arranged in a 6*6 array.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the porous material component is selected from aerogel, polyester fiber, PU foam, sponge and other materials, and has the function of absorbing sound in medium and high frequency bands.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the material parameters of the porous material component and the structural parameters of the sound-absorbing metamaterial component meet the matching design requirements. By combining the two, their respective advantages can be fully utilized to achieve broadband and high-efficiency acoustic performance control. The specific principles are as follows:

[0035] The impedance of a single Helmholtz resonator For example, a single resonant sound-absorbing cavity unit consists of a cavity and an embedded tube. The embedded tube is located in the cavity. The impedance model of the sound-absorbing metamaterial component is:

[0036]

[0037] in:

[0038]

[0039] i represents an imaginary number, is the equivalent mass, For the head of the pipe, is the end correction, is the cross-sectional area of the nozzle, is the air density, is the angular frequency;

[0040]

[0041] is the cavity flexibility, is the cavity volume, is the speed of sound in air;

[0042]

[0043] is the viscous loss at the nozzle, is the dynamic viscosity of air.

[0044] Impedance of porous material components and complex wave number for:

[0045]

[0046] The effective density and effective bulk modulus for:

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] in: is the tortuosity, is the material porosity, is the flow resistivity, is the viscosity characteristic length; is the specific heat ratio of air, is the thermal flow resistivity, is the thermal characteristic length, is the Prandtl number.

[0050] When the sound-absorbing metamaterial component and the porous material component are connected in parallel (e.g. Figure 5 When used in conjunction with the above-mentioned components, the acoustic performance can be quantitatively analyzed using the equivalent impedance model and the energy dissipation superposition principle. When connected in parallel, the total acoustic impedance of the composite structure is Impedance of porous material components and impedance of sound-absorbing metamaterial components The parallel structure satisfies the following formula:

[0051]

[0052] Right now:

[0053]

[0054] Sound absorption coefficient of parallel structure From the total impedance and air impedance The reflection coefficient Decide, by adjusting and The amplitude and phase of , achieving minimum reflection:

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound absorbing metamaterial component and the porous material component are both adhered to the surface of the sound insulation mass layer.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound-absorbing surface layer is a perforated plate, preferably with a perforation ratio of ≥50%. The sound-absorbing surface layer has a high sound transmission effect, allowing the sound-absorbing metamaterial component and porous material component behind it to fully absorb sound.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound-absorbing finishing layer serves as a sound-absorbing panel of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material, facing the indoor side of the building.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound absorbing finishing layer is laid on the outside of the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame is simultaneously adhered to the four sides of the energy-dissipating damping layer and the sound insulation mass layer.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame is sealed to the energy-damping layer. Specifically, the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame is positioned around the air layer of each sound insulation composite layer, with two sides contacting the sound insulation mass layer or the energy-damping layer, and at least one side contacting the energy-damping layer. This reduces solid-borne sound transmission between adjacent sound insulation composite units and disrupts the modal properties of the original sound insulation composite layer, thus avoiding the problem of wallboard resonance causing a rapid decrease in sound insulation in a certain frequency band. The specific principle is as follows:

[0063] When sound waves pass through the sound insulation composite layer, the damping energy dissipation layer is added, resulting in the acoustic impedance of the damping energy dissipation layer and other parts. ( is the air density, is the air sound speed) is significantly different, and sound reflection will occur at the interface. It can be expressed as:

[0064]

[0065] in The acoustic impedances of the energy-dissipating damping layer and other parts are significantly different, which leads to enhanced interface reflection and reduced transmitted sound energy.

[0066] The natural frequency (resonance frequency) of the sound insulation composite layer is determined by its equivalent stiffness and mass, while the damping and energy-dissipating layer changes the dynamic parameters of the system, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency. Assuming that the resonant frequency of the sound insulation composite layer without the damping and energy-dissipating layer is (simplified as a single-degree-of-freedom system):

[0067]

[0068] in:

[0069] is the equivalent stiffness of the sound insulation composite layer;

[0070] is the equivalent surface density (mass per unit area) of the sound insulation composite layer.

[0071] After adding the damping energy dissipation layer, the equivalent stiffness of the sound insulation composite layer is Reduce damping loss factor Increase, the resonance frequency peak may shift and drop significantly, the peak frequency band may be broadened, and the original resonance peak may be suppressed or dispersed:

[0072]

[0073] Therefore, adding a damping energy-absorbing layer can effectively avoid the problem of wall panel resonance causing the sound insulation in a certain frequency band to drop rapidly.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame is fixedly connected to the sound insulation mass layer.

[0075] In one embodiment of the present invention, positioning protrusions and positioning grooves are respectively provided on two opposite outer sides of the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame. The positioning protrusions and positioning grooves are used for array splicing and assembly to form super-structure partition walls of different sizes to meet the needs of various usage scenarios.

[0076] In one embodiment of the present invention, a self-adhesive sealing layer is provided on the surface of the positioning protrusion for sealing the joint.

[0077] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame is arranged between the sound insulation mass layer and the sound absorbing finishing layer on the side close to the sound absorbing composite layer. The thickness of the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame is slightly thicker than the sound absorbing metamaterial component and the porous material component, so that a gap layer is formed between the sound absorbing metamaterial component and the porous material component and the sound absorbing finishing layer. Preferably, the thickness of the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame is 2-5 mm thicker than the sound absorbing metamaterial component and the porous material component.

[0078] In one embodiment of the present invention, bolt holes for connection by self-tapping screws are reserved on the side surfaces of the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame, the side surfaces of the sound insulation mass layer, and the side surfaces of the energy-damping layer.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, bolt holes for connection by self-tapping screws are reserved on the side surfaces of the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame, the side surfaces of the sound insulation mass layer, and the side surfaces of the sound absorbing finishing layer.

[0080] The present invention further provides a method for assembling a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material, which is used to assemble the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material, comprising the following steps:

[0081] S1. Assemble the sound insulation composite layer;

[0082] S1-1. Firmly adhere the energy-dissipating damping layer to one side of the corresponding sound insulation mass layer by hot pressing, vulcanization or coating;

[0083] S1-2. Lay the sound insulation mass layer, the damping energy dissipation layer, the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame, the damping energy dissipation layer and the sound insulation mass layer in sequence; both sides of the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame are equipped with the damping energy dissipation layer;

[0084] S1-3. Use self-tapping bolts to securely connect the sides of the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame to the sound insulation mass layer and the damping energy dissipation layer, respectively, so that the sound insulation composite layer and the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame form a stable whole.

[0085] S2. Assembling the sound-absorbing composite layer to form a single sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure partition wall material component;

[0086] S2-1. Place the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame on one side of the sound insulation composite layer;

[0087] S2-2. Arrange the sound-absorbing metamaterial components and the porous material components within the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame, so that the sound-absorbing metamaterial components and the porous material components are firmly adhered to the surface of the sound insulation mass layer;

[0088] S2-3, laying the sound absorbing finishing layer on the outside of the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame;

[0089] S2-4. The sound-insulating mass layer near the sound-absorbing composite layer is fixedly connected to the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame by self-tapping screws, and the sound-absorbing finishing layer is fixedly connected to the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame by self-tapping screws to form a single sound-absorbing and insulating integrated assembled super-structure partition wall material assembly;

[0090] S3. Through the positioning protrusions and positioning grooves on the left and right sides of each sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure partition wall material component, array splicing and assembly are formed to form super-structure partition walls of different sizes to meet the needs of various usage scenarios.

[0091] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0092] (1) The sound insulation composite layer of the present invention can effectively isolate the transmission of indoor and outdoor noise by stacking materials with different functions, thereby improving the quietness and privacy of the indoor environment;

[0093] (2) The sound-absorbing metamaterial component in the sound-absorbing composite layer of the present invention is supplemented by a porous material component, which can absorb sound waves in a specific frequency band to obtain clear and high-fidelity human voice feedback, prevent the problem of poor speech clarity caused by the long reverberation time of human voice in the mid-frequency band, and achieve the ability to accurately control the indoor sound field;

[0094] (3) The present invention can be assembled into super-structured partition walls of different sizes through the keel assembly frame, which meets the needs of modular assembly and various usage scenarios, and can effectively prevent sound leakage at the joints to ensure high sound insulation.

[0095] While meeting the requirements of lightweight application design, the present invention takes into account the efficient sound insulation of the wall, indoor noise absorption and its sound field control ability, and can adjust the reverberation time and uniformity of the indoor sound field based on specified frequency characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0096] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0097] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sound insulation composite layer in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0098] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point Ⅰ;

[0099] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sound-absorbing finishing layer in the sound-absorbing composite layer in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0100] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sound-absorbing metamaterial component and the porous material component in the sound-absorbing composite layer in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0101] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the keel assembly frame in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0102] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point Ⅰ;

[0103] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point II;

[0104] Figure 9 This is a sound insulation curve diagram in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0105] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the super-structure sound absorption module in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0106] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the main structure of the super structure sound absorption module in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0107] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point II;

[0108] Figure 13 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the AA section;

[0109] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point Ⅰ;

[0110] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the porous material assembly in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0111] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the porous material assembly in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0112] Figure 17 for Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the AA section;

[0113] Figure 18 This is a curve diagram of the sound absorption coefficient in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0114] Numbers in the figure:

[0115] 1. Sound insulation composite layer, 2. Sound absorption composite layer, 3. Keel assembly frame, 1-1. Sound insulation mass layer, 1-2. Damping energy dissipation layer, 1-3. Air layer, 2-1. Sound absorption metamaterial component, 2-2. Porous material component, 2-3. Sound absorption finishing layer, 3-1. Sound insulation layer keel assembly frame, 3-2. Sound absorption layer keel assembly frame, 2-1-1. Super-structure sound absorption module, 3-2-1. Positioning protrusion, 3-2-2. Positioning groove; 2-1-1-1. Cavity, 2-1-1-2. Embedded tube, 2-1-1-3. Wire mesh. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0116] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0117] Example 1

[0118] See also Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment provides a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material, including a sound-insulating composite layer 1, a sound-absorbing composite layer 2 located on one side of the sound-insulating composite layer 1, and a keel assembly frame 3 around the sound-insulating composite layer 1.

[0119] The sound insulation composite layer 1 includes a sound insulation mass layer 1-1, a damping energy dissipation layer 1-2 and an air layer 1-3. The sound insulation composite layer 1 is stacked in the following manner: the sound insulation mass layer 1-1, the damping energy dissipation layer 1-2, the air layer 1-3, the damping energy dissipation layer 1-2 and the sound insulation mass layer 1-1. The sound insulation mass layer 1-1 and the damping energy dissipation layer 1-2 are tightly attached and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the air layer 1-3.

[0120] The sound absorbing composite layer 2 includes a sound absorbing metamaterial component 2-1, a porous material component 2-2 and a sound absorbing finishing layer 2-3. The sound absorbing metamaterial component 2-1 and the porous material component 2-2 are fixed on the surface of the sound insulation quality layer 1-1 close to one side of the sound absorbing composite layer 2. The sound absorbing finishing layer 2-3 is arranged on the outer surfaces of the sound absorbing metamaterial component 2-1 and the porous material component 2-2.

[0121] The keel assembly frame 3 includes a sound insulation layer keel assembly frame 3-1 and a sound absorption layer keel assembly frame 3-2.

[0122] The sound insulation layer keel assembly frame 3-1 is arranged around the sound insulation composite layer 1, and the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame 3-1 is at least in contact with the four sides of the damping and energy dissipation layer 1-2, so that the air layer 1-3 is naturally formed between the two opposite damping and energy dissipation layers 1-2 and the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame 3-1;

[0123] The sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame 3 - 2 is arranged around the sound absorbing composite layer 2 .

[0124] In this embodiment, the sound insulation composite layer 1 is used to meet the requirements of lightweight and thin wall while taking into account high-level sound insulation performance, the sound absorption composite layer 2 is used to meet the indoor noise absorption and sound field control capabilities, and the keel assembly frame 3 is used for array splicing of super-structured partition material components to meet the assembly requirements of wall format sizes in different usage scenarios.

[0125] In the sound insulation composite layer 1, the energy-dissipating damping layer 1-2 and the sound insulation mass layer 1-1 form a sound insulation composite unit. The sound insulation composite layer 1 includes at least one air layer 1-3 in the middle and at least two sound insulation composite units on both sides of the air layer 1-3.

[0126] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the sound insulation composite layer 1, the number of the sound insulation composite units is n, and 2≤n≤4;

[0127] When n=3, a third sound insulation composite unit is arranged outside the sound insulation composite unit away from the side of the sound absorbing composite layer 2.

[0128] When n=4, a third sound insulation composite unit and a fourth sound insulation composite unit are respectively arranged outside the two sound insulation composite units located on both sides of the air layer 1-3;

[0129] When two adjacent sound insulation composite units are directly connected without being separated by the air layer 1-3, the stacking method between the two adjacent sound insulation composite units is: sound insulation mass layer 1-1, damping energy dissipation layer 1-2, sound insulation mass layer 1-1, damping energy dissipation layer 1-2; or, damping energy dissipation layer 1-2, sound insulation mass layer 1-1, damping energy dissipation layer 1-2, sound insulation mass layer 1-1.

[0130] In this embodiment, the sound insulation mass layer 1 - 1 on the side away from the sound absorbing composite layer 2 serves as the back plate of the sound absorbing and insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material.

[0131] In this embodiment, the sound insulation mass layer 1 - 1 is made of a high-density metal plate, and the high-density metal plate can be selected from galvanized plates.

[0132] In this embodiment, the energy-dissipating damping layer 1 - 2 is made of butyl rubber material.

[0133] In this embodiment, the sound insulation mass layer 1 - 1 and the energy-dissipating damping layer 1 - 2 are bonded and fixedly connected.

[0134] In this embodiment, the sound-absorbing metamaterial component 2 - 1 is not restricted to any substrate, and its configuration is designed by artificial intelligence sequence.

[0135] In this embodiment, the material parameters of the porous material component 2-2 and the structural parameters of the sound-absorbing metamaterial component 2-1 meet the matching design requirements. By combining the two, their respective advantages can be fully utilized to achieve broadband and high-efficiency acoustic performance control. The specific principles are as follows:

[0136] The impedance of a single Helmholtz resonator For example, a single resonant sound absorption cavity unit consists of a cavity 2-1-1-1 and an embedded tube 2-1-1-2. The embedded tube 2-1-1-2 is located in the cavity 2-1-1-1. The impedance model of the sound absorption metamaterial component 2-1 is:

[0137]

[0138] in:

[0139]

[0140] is the equivalent mass, For the head of the pipe, is the end correction, is the cross-sectional area of the nozzle, is the air density, is the angular frequency;

[0141]

[0142] is the cavity flexibility, is the cavity volume, is the speed of sound in air;

[0143]

[0144] is the viscous loss at the nozzle, is the dynamic viscosity of air.

[0145] Impedance of porous material component 2-2 and complex wave number for:

[0146]

[0147] The effective density and effective bulk modulus for:

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] in: is the tortuosity, is the material porosity, is the flow resistivity, is the viscosity characteristic length; is the specific heat ratio of air, is the thermal flow resistivity, is the thermal characteristic length, is the Prandtl number.

[0151] When the sound absorbing metamaterial component 2-1 and the porous material component 2-2 are connected in parallel (such as Figure 5 When used in conjunction with the above-mentioned components, the acoustic performance can be quantitatively analyzed using the equivalent impedance model and the energy dissipation superposition principle. When connected in parallel, the total acoustic impedance of the composite structure is Impedance of porous material component 2-2 and impedance of sound-absorbing metamaterial components 2-1 The parallel structure satisfies the following formula:

[0152]

[0153] Right now:

[0154]

[0155] Sound absorption coefficient of parallel structure From the total impedance and air impedance The reflection coefficient Decide, by adjusting and The amplitude and phase of , achieving minimum reflection:

[0156]

[0157]

[0158] In this embodiment, the sound absorbing metamaterial component 2-1 and the porous material component 2-2 are both attached to the surface of the sound insulating mass layer 1-1. The sound absorbing metamaterial component 2-1 and the porous material component 2-2 are alternately distributed on the surface of the sound insulating mass layer 1-1.

[0159] In this embodiment, the sound-absorbing finishing layer 2 - 3 serves as a sound-absorbing panel of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material, facing the indoor side of the building.

[0160] In this embodiment, the sound absorbing finishing layer 2-3 is laid on the outside of the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame 3-2.

[0161] In this embodiment, the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame 3-1 is sealed to the energy-damping layer 1-2. Specifically, in this embodiment, the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame 3-1 is disposed around the air layer 1-3 of each sound insulation composite layer 1, with two sides contacting the sound insulation mass layer 1-1 or the energy-damping layer 1-2, and at least one side contacting the energy-damping layer 1-2. This reduces solid-borne sound transmission between adjacent sound insulation composite units and destroys the acoustic modes of the original sound insulation composite layer 1, thus avoiding the problem of wall panel resonance causing a rapid decrease in sound insulation in a certain frequency band. The specific principle is as follows:

[0162] When the sound wave passes through the sound insulation composite layer 1, the damping energy dissipation layer 1-2 is added, resulting in the acoustic impedance of the damping energy dissipation layer 1-2 and other parts. ( is the air density, is the air sound speed) is significantly different, and sound reflection will occur at the interface. It can be expressed as:

[0163]

[0164] in The acoustic impedances of the energy-dissipating damping layer 1-2 and other parts are significantly different, which leads to enhanced interface reflection and reduced transmitted acoustic energy.

[0165] The natural frequency (resonance frequency) of the sound insulation composite layer 1 is determined by its equivalent stiffness and mass, while the damping and energy dissipation layers 1-2 change the dynamic parameters of the system, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency. Assume that the resonant frequency of the sound insulation composite layer 1 without the damping and energy dissipation layers 1-2 is (simplified as a single degree of freedom system):

[0166]

[0167] in:

[0168] is the equivalent stiffness of the sound insulation composite layer 1;

[0169] is the equivalent surface density (mass per unit area) of the sound insulation composite layer 1.

[0170] After adding the damping energy dissipation layer 1-2, the equivalent stiffness of the sound insulation composite layer 1 is Reduce damping loss factor Increase, the resonance frequency peak may shift and drop significantly, the peak frequency band may be broadened, and the original resonance peak may be suppressed or dispersed:

[0171]

[0172] Therefore, adding the damping energy-dissipating layers 1-2 can effectively avoid the problem of wall panel resonance causing the sound insulation in a certain frequency band to drop rapidly.

[0173] In this embodiment, the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame 3-2 is fixedly connected to the sound insulation mass layer 1-1.

[0174] In this embodiment, the two opposite outer sides of the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame 3-2 are respectively provided with positioning protrusions 3-2-1 and positioning grooves 3-2-2. The positioning protrusions 3-2-1 and positioning grooves 3-2-2 are used for array splicing and assembly to form super-structure partition walls of different sizes to meet the needs of various usage scenarios.

[0175] The surface of the positioning protrusion 3-2-1 is provided with a self-adhesive sealing layer for sealing the joint.

[0176] Example 2

[0177] See also Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment provides a method for assembling a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0178] S1, assembling the sound insulation composite layer 1;

[0179] S1-1, firmly adhering the energy-dissipating damping layer 1-2 to one side surface of the corresponding sound insulation mass layer 1-1 by hot pressing, vulcanization or coating;

[0180] S1-2, sequentially laying the sound insulation mass layer 1-1, the damping energy dissipation layer 1-2, the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame 3-1, the damping energy dissipation layer 1-2 and the sound insulation mass layer 1-1; both sides of the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame 3-1 are provided with the damping energy dissipation layer 1-2;

[0181] S1-3. Connect the sound insulation composite layer 1 with bolts at the reserved bolt holes to form a stable whole;

[0182] S2, assembling the sound-absorbing composite layer 2 to form a single sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure partition wall material component;

[0183] S2-1, placing the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame 3-2 on one side surface of the sound insulation composite layer 1;

[0184] S2-2. Arrange the sound-absorbing metamaterial component 2-1 and the porous material component 2-2 in the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame 3-2 according to the design requirements, and firmly adhere them to the surface of the sound insulation mass layer 1-1;

[0185] S2-3, laying the sound absorbing finishing layer 2-3 on the outside of the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame 3-2;

[0186] S2-4. Use self-tapping screws to firmly connect the sound-absorbing finishing layer 2-3, the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame 3-2, the sound-insulating mass layer 1-1 near the sound-absorbing composite layer 2, and the sound-insulating layer keel assembly frame 3-1 to form a single sound-absorbing and insulating integrated assembled super-structure partition wall material assembly;

[0187] S3. By using the positioning protrusions 3-2-1 and positioning grooves 3-2-2 on the left and right sides of each sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure partition wall material component, an array of splicing and assembling is formed to form super-structure partition walls of different sizes to meet the needs of various usage scenarios. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0188] Example 3

[0189] See also Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment provides a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material and an assembly method thereof.

[0190] In this embodiment, the stacking order of the sound insulation composite layer 1 is sound insulation mass layer 1-1, damping energy dissipation layer 1-2, air layer 1-3, damping energy dissipation layer 1-2, and sound insulation mass layer 1-1; the two sound insulation mass layers 1-1 are made of galvanized sheet with a thickness of 2 mm, and the two damping energy dissipation layers 1-2 are made of butyl rubber with an average loss factor of about 0.7 in the frequency band of 100-5000 Hz at room temperature. The thickness of the air layer 1-3 is 13 mm. The surface density of the sound absorption and insulation integrated assembled super-structure building material provided in this embodiment is 37 kg / m 2 , weighted sound insulation R w The rest is the same as in Example 1-2.

[0191] The weighted sound insulation R of traditional prefabricated partition materials under the same surface density calculated by the mass law w The weighted sound insulation value R of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated super-structure building material provided in this embodiment is about 42dB compared with the traditional assembled partition wall material with the same surface density. w There is a significant improvement of about 6dB, and the sound insulation comparison curve is as follows Figure 9 shown.

[0192] Example 4

[0193] See also Figures 1-8 , and refer to Figures 10-18 This embodiment provides a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material and an assembly method thereof.

[0194] In this embodiment, the sound-absorbing metamaterial component 2-1 is composed of resonant sound-absorbing cavity units arranged in a 6*6 array. A single resonant sound-absorbing cavity unit is composed of a cavity 2-1-1-1 and an embedded tube body 2-1-1-2. Every 3*3 resonant sound-absorbing cavity units constitute a metastructure sound-absorbing module, and every 4 metastructure sound-absorbing modules constitute a metastructure sound-absorbing module 2-1-1. The overall size of the metastructure sound-absorbing module is 100mm*100mm*50mm, and a layer of 500-mesh metal wire mesh 2-1-1-3 is laid on its surface.

[0195] refer to Figure 11 、 Figure 12 In this embodiment, the configurations of the nine resonant sound absorbing cavity units in each meta-structure sound absorbing module and their sound absorption coefficients at their peak frequencies are shown in the following table.

[0196]

[0197] In this embodiment, if Figure 15 、 16 As shown in Figures 17, the porous material component 2-2 is made of aerogel and consists of three stacked layers; the size of the first layer is 100mm*100mm*15mm, and the size of the center groove is 18mm*18mm*15mm; the size of the second layer is 100mm*100mm*18mm, and the size of the center groove is 18mm*18mm*18mm; the size of the third layer is 100mm*100mm*17mm, and the size of the center groove is 18mm*18mm*17mm; the total size of the porous material 2-1-2 is 100mm*100mm*50mm.

[0198] In this embodiment, each of the four sound-absorbing metamaterial components 2-1, the five porous material components and the sound-absorbing finishing layer 2-3 constitutes a sound-absorbing composite layer 2 specimen. Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the random incidence sound absorption coefficient curve of the sound absorbing composite layer 2 specimen in the reverberation room is as follows Figure 18 As shown, it can be seen that in the frequency band sensitive to human hearing, the sound-absorbing composite layer 2 has excellent sound absorption performance, which can shorten the reverberation time of noise in this frequency band in the room, thereby helping to improve speech clarity.

[0199] In this embodiment, the sound-absorbing surface layer 2-3 is composed of a 1.5 mm thick aluminum alloy perforated plate. The perforations are arranged in an array of regular hexagons with sides of 3.5 mm. The center-to-center distance between two adjacent regular hexagons is 8 mm, and the perforation ratio is approximately 45%. The remaining features are the same as in Examples 1-3.

[0200] Example 5

[0201] See also Figures 1-8 , and refer to Figures 10-18 This embodiment provides a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material and an assembly method thereof.

[0202] In this embodiment, the width of the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame 3-1 is 15 mm.

[0203] In this embodiment, the thickness of the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame 3-2 is 55.5 mm. A 5.5 mm thick air layer is formed at the front ends of the sound-absorbing metamaterial component 2-1 and the porous material component 2-2. The positioning protrusion 3-2-1 is 7 mm deep and 20 mm wide. The positioning protrusion 3-2-1 has a height of 7 mm and a width of 20 mm. The remaining features are the same as those of Embodiments 1-4.

[0204] The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without requiring inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sound-absorbing and sound-insulating assembled super-structure building material, characterized in that: It includes a sound insulation composite layer (1), a sound absorption composite layer (2) and a keel assembly frame (3), The sound insulation composite layer (1) comprises a sound insulation mass layer (1-1), a damping energy dissipation layer (1-2) and an air layer (1-3); the sound insulation composite layer (1) is stacked in the form of a sound insulation mass layer (1-1), a damping energy dissipation layer (1-2), an air layer (1-3), a damping energy dissipation layer (1-2) and a sound insulation mass layer (1-1); and the sound insulation mass layer (1-1) and the damping energy dissipation layer (1-2) are tightly adhered to each other; in the sound insulation composite layer (1), the damping energy dissipation layer (1-2) and the sound insulation mass layer (1-1) form a sound insulation composite unit. The sound-absorbing composite layer (2) comprises a sound-absorbing metamaterial component (2-1), a porous material component (2-2) and a sound-absorbing finishing layer (2-3). The sound-absorbing metamaterial component (2-1) and the porous material component (2-2) are located in the same layer and are respectively fixed on the surface of the sound-insulating mass layer (1-1) close to one side of the sound-absorbing composite layer (2). The sound-absorbing metamaterial component (2-1) and the porous material component (2-2) are alternately distributed on the surface of the sound-insulating mass layer (1-1). The sound-absorbing finishing layer (2-3) is arranged on the outer surfaces of the sound-absorbing metamaterial component (2-1) and the porous material component (2-2). The sound-absorbing metamaterial component (2-1) is composed of resonant sound-absorbing cavity units arranged in an array, wherein a single resonant sound-absorbing cavity unit is composed of a cavity (2-1-1-1) and an embedded tube (2-1-1-2), wherein the embedded tube (2-1-1-2) is located in the cavity (2-1-1-1), a plurality of resonant sound-absorbing cavity units constitute a metastructure sound-absorbing module, and a plurality of metastructure sound-absorbing modules constitute a metastructure sound-absorbing module (2-1-1), and a layer of metal mesh (2-1-1-3) is laid on the surface of the cavity (2-1-1-1); The keel assembly frame (3) comprises a sound insulation layer keel assembly frame (3-1) and a sound absorption layer keel assembly frame (3-2). The sound insulation layer keel assembly frame (3-1) is arranged around the sound insulation composite layer (1), and the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame (3-1) is at least in contact with the four sides of the damping energy dissipation layer (1-2). The sound insulation layer keel assembly frame (3-1) and the damping energy dissipation layer (1-2) are sealed, so that the air layer (1-3) is naturally formed between the two opposite damping energy dissipation layers (1-2) and the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame (3-1), so as to reduce the solid sound transmission between adjacent sound insulation composite units and destroy the mode of the original sound insulation composite layer (1), thereby avoiding the resonance of the wall panel and causing the sound insulation of a certain frequency band to drop rapidly; The sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame (3-2) is arranged around the sound-absorbing composite layer (2); Two opposite outer sides of the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame (3-2) are respectively provided with positioning protrusions (3-2-1) and positioning grooves (3-2-2), and the positioning protrusions (3-2-1) and positioning grooves (3-2-2) are used for array splicing and assembly to form super-structure partition walls of different sizes; The surface of the positioning protrusion is provided with a self-adhesive sealing layer for sealing the joint.

2. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating assembled super-structure building material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound insulation composite layer (1) comprises at least one air layer (1-3) located in the middle, and at least two sound insulation composite units located on both sides of the air layer (1-3).

3. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating assembled super-structure building material according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the sound insulation composite layer (1), the number of the sound insulation composite units is n, and 2≤n≤4; When n=3, a third sound insulation composite unit is arranged outside the sound insulation composite unit on the side away from the sound absorption composite layer (2). When n=4, a third sound insulation composite unit and a fourth sound insulation composite unit are respectively arranged outside the two sound insulation composite units located on both sides of the air layer (1-3); When two adjacent sound insulation composite units are directly connected and not separated by an air layer (1-3), the stacking method between the two adjacent sound insulation composite units is: sound insulation mass layer (1-1), damping energy dissipation layer (1-2), sound insulation mass layer (1-1), damping energy dissipation layer (1-2); or, damping energy dissipation layer (1-2), sound insulation mass layer (1-1), damping energy dissipation layer (1-2), sound insulation mass layer (1-1).

4. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound insulation mass layer (1-1) on the side away from the sound absorption composite layer (2) serves as the back plate of the sound absorption and insulation integrated assembled super-structure building material.

5. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating assembled super-structure building material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound insulation mass layer (1-1) is composed of a high-density metal plate, and the damping energy-consuming layer (1-2) is made of butyl rubber material; the porous material component (2-2) is selected from aerogel, polyester fiber, PU foam or sponge, and has the function of absorbing sound in the medium and high frequency bands.

6. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating assembled super-structure building material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound-absorbing finishing layer (2-3) is a perforated plate, and the sound-absorbing finishing layer (2-3) serves as a sound-absorbing panel of a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material, facing the indoor side of the building; The sound-absorbing finishing layer (2-3) is laid on the outside of the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame (3-2).

7. A method for assembling a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material, for assembling the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure building material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, assembling the sound insulation composite layer (1); S1-1, firmly adhering the damping energy dissipation layer (1-2) to one side surface of the corresponding sound insulation mass layer (1-1) by hot pressing, vulcanization or coating; S1-2, sequentially laying the sound insulation mass layer (1-1), the damping energy dissipation layer (1-2), the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame (3-1), the damping energy dissipation layer (1-2) and the sound insulation mass layer (1-1); both sides of the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame (3-1) are the damping energy dissipation layer (1-2); S1-3, using self-tapping bolts to fix the side surfaces of the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame (3-1) to the sound insulation mass layer (1-1) and the damping energy dissipation layer (1-2), so that the sound insulation composite layer (1) and the sound insulation layer keel assembly frame (3-1) form a stable whole; S2, assembling the sound-absorbing composite layer (2) to form a single sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure partition wall material component; S2-1, placing the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame (3-2) on one side surface of the sound insulation composite layer (1); S2-2, arranging the sound-absorbing metamaterial component (2-1) and the porous material component (2-2) in the sound-absorbing layer keel assembly frame (3-2), so that the sound-absorbing metamaterial component (2-1) and the porous material component (2-2) are firmly adhered to the surface of the sound insulation mass layer (1-1); S2-3, laying the sound absorbing finishing layer (2-3) on the outside of the sound absorbing layer keel assembly frame (3-2); S2-4, the sound insulation mass layer (1-1) of the near sound absorption composite layer (2) is fixedly connected to the sound absorption layer keel assembly frame (3-2) by self-tapping screws, and the sound absorption finishing layer (2-3) is fixedly connected to the sound absorption layer keel assembly frame (3-2) by self-tapping screws, thereby forming a single sound absorption and insulation integrated assembled super-structure partition wall material component as a whole; S3. By using the positioning protrusions (3-2-1) and positioning grooves (3-2-2) on the left and right sides of each sound-absorbing and sound-insulating integrated assembled super-structure partition wall material component, the array is spliced and assembled to form super-structure partition walls of different sizes.

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