Electrolytic cell sand-proof and dust-proof device based on Coanda effect

Abstract

The invention discloses a Coanda effect-based sand-proof and dust-proof device for an electrolytic bath, which is characterized in that a surrounding dust cover structure which is in flexible contact with the electrolytic bath or keeps a non-contact gap with the electrolytic bath is formed at the periphery of a full-load-bearing movable bracket, and the dust cover structure forms a semi-closed protection structure between a foundation and the electrolytic bath; dustproof cover structures composed of fences are arranged on the two sides of a foundation with profile steel as the foundation, each dustproof cover structure at least comprises a vertical fence wall arranged on the side portion of the full-bearing type movable bracket, the bottom of each vertical fence wall is connected with the foundation, and the top of each vertical fence wall makes flexible contact with the electrolytic cell or forms a non-contact gap with the electrolytic cell. A continuous variable-curvature Coanda curved surface is adopted, the airflow speed is increased through the wall attachment effect, a laminar flow air curtain is formed, and curvature-flow velocity coupling optimization is formed. Compressed air is injected through the narrow slit nozzle, ambient air is pried to form a large-flow air curtain, the actually measured air curtain coverage area is 3.2 times that of a traditional flow guide plate, and the unit energy consumption is reduced by 57%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic cell auxiliary devices, and in particular to an electrolytic cell sand and dust prevention device based on the Coanda effect. Background Art

[0002] Water electrolysis hydrogen production technology is one of the key paths for clean energy production, and filter press electrolyzer is an important technical branch in the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production. The improvement of its supporting equipment and structural optimization have always been the focus of technological innovation.

[0003] During the operation of the filter press water electrolyzer, the pole plates are subjected to the effect of gravity for a long time, and the middle section sinks and the left and right end plates turn outward during use. The pole plates are displaced vertically due to gravity, which causes the pole plates to sink, affecting the uniformity of the pole distance inside the electrolyzer and reducing the electrolysis efficiency.

[0004] Our company's prior application utility model (ZL202322792604.1) discloses an electrolytic cell support unit and a fully load-bearing mobile bracket composed of the same. The electrolytic cell support unit includes a top support device, a support device and a sliding device. An adjusting bolt is provided at the connection between the support device and the sliding device. The inclination angle and height of the top support device can be adjusted by adjusting the bolt. The fully load-bearing mobile bracket includes a plurality of electrolytic cell support units, which are placed on the foundation or steel, and the insulating support wheels are placed under the electrolytic cell plates.

[0005] The utility model solves the problem of sinking, sliding and end plate eversion of the electrolytic cell plates due to gravity. At the same time, as the working temperature changes, the electrolytic cell body will expand and contract and move radially. Therefore, the above-mentioned support unit has the function of radial movement. Through the sliding device, the electrolytic cell support unit can generate a certain sliding margin by itself, adapt to the changing environment by itself, and avoid rigid deformation. At the same time, the tooth groove can allow the gasket between the plates to squeeze into the tooth groove when thermal expansion and deformation occur, so that there is deformation space to avoid excessive squeezing of the gasket on the plate.

[0006] Many hydrogen production projects are built in windy and sandy environments. If the electrolyzer is disturbed by wind and sand during operation, the support unit is directly exposed to this environment. A roof alone cannot completely and effectively cover the electrolyzer body, especially sand or large particles of dust such as gravel will be drawn into the support unit unimpeded. As time accumulates, a large amount of pollutants accumulate on the rollers of the support unit where radial movement occurs, causing the support unit to be unable to work normally. The operation process cannot continue to provide uniform support force for the electrolyzer, and it is also impossible to solve the support misalignment problem caused by thermal expansion of the cell body during use of the electrolyzer, increasing the risk of leakage in the electrolyzer, especially at both ends.

[0007] In view of the above, it is necessary to propose an electrolytic cell sand and dust prevention device based on the Coanda Effect to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects existing in the prior art and provide an electrolytic cell sand and dust prevention device based on the Coanda Effect.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An electrolytic cell sand and dust prevention device based on the Coanda Effect forms a dust-proof cover structure that is in a surrounding form and is in flexible contact with or maintains a non-contact gap with the electrolytic cell around the periphery of the full-load mobile bracket. The dust-proof cover structure forms a semi-closed protection structure between the foundation and the electrolytic cell. A dust-proof cover structure composed of enclosures is provided on both sides of the foundation based on steel profiles. The dust-proof cover structure at least includes a vertical enclosure wall provided on the side of the full-load mobile bracket. The bottom of the vertical enclosure wall is connected to the foundation, and the top is in flexible contact with the electrolytic cell or forms a non-contact gap.

[0010] Further, the vertical enclosure wall is arranged in a surrounding form around the periphery of the full-load mobile bracket composed of support units. The bottom of the vertical enclosure wall is connected to the steel profile, so that the bottom of the dust-proof cover structure is sealed. The top of the vertical enclosure wall should not be directly sealed on the surface of the electrolytic cell.

[0011] Further, the flexible connection can be a brush structure provided along the upper edge of the vertical enclosure wall. The brush structure is provided with a partition at the gap distance between the vertical enclosure wall and the electrolytic cell. The brush structure includes a lower row of brushes and an upper row of brushes. When arranged, the lower row of brushes is provided on the vertical enclosure wall, and the upper row of brushes is provided on the surface of the electrolytic cell, and the sides of the upper row of brushes and the lower row of brushes are arranged in contact with each other. The lower row of brushes and the upper row of brushes are each provided with multiple rows, and the lower row of brushes and the upper row of brushes in each row should be arranged in a staggered manner.

[0012] Further, the vertical enclosure wall is arranged to be slidably connected to the steel profile. The upper end surface of the steel profile is provided with a slide rail arranged along its length direction. The bottom of the vertical enclosure wall is slidably connected to the slide rail, so that the vertical enclosure wall slides along the length direction on the slide rail. By using the sliding of the vertical enclosure, the upper row of brushes and the lower row of brushes move relative to each other. One end of the vertical enclosure wall is provided with a reciprocating movement driving part, which drives the vertical enclosure wall to reciprocate and slide on the slide rail.

[0013] Further, the dust-proof cover structure is arranged as a double-wall structure, and an inner cavity part is formed inside. The dust-proof cover structure is arranged with two parallel vertical enclosure walls. A plurality of longitudinal intervals are evenly arranged between the two vertical enclosure walls, dividing the space between the two vertical enclosure walls into a plurality of through ventilation openings. At least a gas ejection port is provided at one end of the through ventilation openings close to the electrolytic cell.

[0014] Furthermore, a compressed air supply pipe is connected inside the vertical retaining wall of the double-wall structure and communicates with the cavity part, so that air flow is ejected from the gas ejection port to form an air curtain.

[0015] Furthermore, the end faces of the mutually approaching sides of the vertical retaining walls form Coanda surfaces. The Coanda surfaces include a convex curved part formed on the side far from the gas jet outlet. The convex curved part gradually transitions to form an inclined plane toward the gas jet outlet side, and the opening directions formed by the two inclined planes face the gas jet outlet.

[0016] Furthermore, a slit-shaped air flow ejection port for air to flow out along the tangent direction is provided at the starting section in front of the convex curved part of the cavity part.

[0017] Furthermore, the dust-proof cover structure includes an ion wind generation module. The ion wind generation module includes an electrode array. The electrode array is provided with an emitter and a collector. The ionization region is set between the emitter and the collector. The emitter includes tungsten needle electrodes arranged in front of the convex curved part.

[0018] Furthermore, a negative pressure pipe is provided on the vertical retaining wall close to the full-load mobile bracket side. The vertical retaining walls symmetrically arranged on both sides form a throat section at the convex curved part. A gradually reducing pipe is formed in front of the throat section, and a gradually expanding pipe is formed at the rear side. One end of the negative pressure pipe communicates with the throat section, and the other end communicates with the inner side of the semi-closed protection structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the dust-proof cover structure is made of a transparent and visualizable material.

[0020] Furthermore, the dust-proof cover structure is made of a material resistant to alkali liquid corrosion.

[0021] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. For an electrolytic cell sand and dust prevention and control device based on the Coanda Effect of the present invention, a flexible connection or non-contact gap using brushes is adopted between the vertical retaining wall and the electrolytic cell, allowing a telescopic displacement of ±5 mm level generated by the electrolytic cell due to temperature changes, and alleviating the risk of support misalignment caused by thermal stress. The upper and lower rows of brushes are staggered and fitted to form a progressive interception layer. Experimental data shows that the interception rate of 1 mm sand grains reaches 100%, and the blocking efficiency of 0.1 mm fine dust is 98.7%. At the same time, an air gap heat dissipation channel is maintained, and the temperature rise inside the cavity is controlled within <3°C.

[0022] 2. A continuously variable curvature Coanda surface is adopted, and the air flow velocity is increased through the wall attachment effect to form a laminar air curtain, achieving a curvature-flow velocity coupling optimization. Compressed air is injected through a narrow slit nozzle to pry the ambient air to form a large-flow air curtain. The measured air curtain coverage area is 3.2 times that of the traditional deflector, and the unit energy consumption is reduced by 57%.

[0023] 3. Ion wind - Coanda composite enhancement mechanism, corona discharge induced airflow: The tungsten needle electrode array generates ion wind under the electric field, with an initial wind speed of 4.5 m / s, which is accelerated by the Coanda surface and the flow rate is increased several times.

[0024] 4. Negative pressure self - driven circulation system, utilizing the Venturi effect: The throat section (section contraction ratio 1:3.2) generates a local negative pressure of -1.2 kPa, automatically extracting the gas inside the protective cover through the negative pressure pipe, achieving a ventilation rate of 12 times per hour, without additional power consumption, and saving 68% energy compared to active air supply. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrolytic cell sand and dust prevention and dust - proof device based on the Coanda effect of the present invention; Figure 2 is an exploded view of an electrolytic cell sand and dust prevention and dust - proof device based on the Coanda effect of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic longitudinal section view of an electrolytic cell sand and dust prevention and dust - proof device based on the Coanda effect of the present invention; Figure 4 is the present invention Figure 3 Schematic cross - sectional structure diagram of A - A section in; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 in the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 in the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 5 in the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 6 in the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 7 in the present invention; In the figure: 1. Dust - proof cover structure; 2. Support unit; 3. Vertical enclosure wall; 4. Foundation; 5. Electrolytic cell; 6. Flexible connection; 7. Gap distance; 8. Brush structure; 9. Lower row brush; 10. Upper row brush; 11. Non - contact gap; 12. Replacement chamber; 13. Compressed air supply pipe; 14. Air curtain; 15. Through - ventilation port; 16. Gas jet outlet; 17. Cavity part; 18. Coanda surface; 19. Gas suction port; 20. Curved surface convex part; 21. Inclined plane; 22. Airflow nozzle; 23. Through - hole; 24. Ion wind generation module; 25. Electrode array; 26. Emitter; 27. Collector; 28. Ionization region; 29. Tungsten needle electrode; 30. Negative pressure pipe; 31. Throat section; 32. Converging pipe; 33. Diverging pipe; 34. Electrically carbonized silicon layer. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0026] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment 1:

[0027] A device for preventing sand and dust in an electrolytic cell based on the Coanda Effect, such as Figure 1 As shown, a dust cover structure 1 is formed on the periphery of the full-load movable bracket, which is in surrounding contact with the electrolytic cell 5 flexibly or maintains a non-contact gap 11, and the dust cover structure 1 forms a semi-enclosed protective structure between the foundation 4 and the electrolytic cell 5. In actual use, the full-load movable bracket is arranged in the form of, the electrolytic cell 5 is set on the foundation or steel, taking the steel as the setting foundation 4 of the electrolytic cell 5 as an example, a plurality of support units 2 of the electrolytic cell 5 are arranged in a line on the steel, and the rolling rod at the bottom can be used to form rolling, so as to deal with the additional stress on the gasket when the cell body of the electrolytic cell 5 expands and contracts due to temperature changes, causing a slight displacement of the electrolytic cell 5. It can be understood that the full-load movable bracket is arranged at the lower part of the electrolytic cell 5 along the length direction of the electrolytic cell 5.

[0028] However, many hydrogen production projects are built in a sandy environment. If the electrolyzer 5 is disturbed by sand during operation, the support unit 2 is directly exposed to this environment. A roof alone cannot completely and effectively shield the electrolyzer 5 body, especially sand or large dust particles such as gravel will be unobstructed and drawn into the support unit 2. As time accumulates, a large amount of pollutants accumulate at the rollers where the support unit 2 moves radially, causing the support unit 2 to be unable to work normally. The operation process cannot continuously provide uniform support for the electrolyzer 5, and it is also impossible to solve the support misalignment problem caused by the thermal expansion of the tank body during the use of the electrolyzer 5, increasing the risk of leakage of the electrolyzer 5, especially at both ends. In this embodiment, a semi-enclosed protective structure is set between the foundation 4-steel and the electrolyzer 5.

[0029] Specifically, Figure 1 , 2, as shown in FIGS. 3, a dust-proof cover structure 1 composed of enclosures can be arranged on both sides of a foundation with a profiled steel as the base 4. The dust-proof cover structure 1 at least includes a vertical enclosure wall 3 arranged on the side of the full-load mobile bracket. The bottom of the vertical enclosure wall 3 is connected to the foundation 4, and the top is in flexible contact with or forms a non-contact gap 11 with the electrolytic cell 5. It can be understood that the vertical enclosure wall 3 can surround the periphery of the full-load mobile bracket composed of the support unit 2, and the bottom of the vertical enclosure wall 3 is connected to the profiled steel, so that the bottom of the dust-proof cover structure 1 is sealed. Since the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell 5 during operation is about 60-100 °C, the top of the vertical enclosure wall 3 should not be directly sealed on the surface of the electrolytic cell 5. And considering: First, the heat dissipation on the surface of the electrolytic cell 5; Second, the telescopic change of the electrolytic cell 5 during operation; Third, there are concave and convex parts on the surface of the electrolytic cell 5 with irregular shapes. Therefore, the top of the vertical enclosure wall 3 should not be connected to the surface of the electrolytic cell 5 to form a seal and block. In a preferred implementation mode of this embodiment, a flexible connection is established between the top of the vertical enclosure wall 3 and the electrolytic cell 5. Specifically, a gap distance 7 is set between the upper edge of the vertical enclosure wall 3 and the surface of the electrolytic cell 5, and the flexible connection 6 is arranged in this gap distance 7.

[0030] Specifically, as Figure 4 shown, the flexible connection 6 can be a brush structure 8 arranged on the upper edge of the vertical enclosure wall 3. The brush structure 8 is provided with a baffle at the gap distance 7 between the vertical enclosure wall 3 and the electrolytic cell 5, and has a good blocking effect on dust, especially large-particle dust.

[0031] As an improvement, the brush structure 8 can include a lower row of brushes 9 and an upper row of brushes 10. When arranged, the lower row of brushes 9 is arranged on the vertical enclosure wall 3, and the upper row of brushes 10 is arranged on the surface of the electrolytic cell 5, and the sides of the upper row of brushes 10 and the lower row of brushes 9 are arranged to fit each other. The brush is used to form a baffle for the gap distance 7 to block dust. Its advantages are that it can not only meet the micro telescopic deformation of the electrolytic cell 5, but also have a good air permeability and heat dissipation effect, and avoid the heat accumulation and temperature rise inside the dust-proof cover structure 1. It can be understood that the lower row of brushes 9 and the upper row of brushes 10 are arranged in at least one row. And, in order to improve the dust-blocking effect of the brush structure 8, the lower row of brushes 9 and the upper row of brushes 10 can be arranged in multiple rows, and the lower row of brushes 9 and the upper row of brushes 10 in each row should be arranged in a staggered manner.

[0032] Further, the vertical enclosure wall is arranged to be slidably connected to the section steel. A slide rail is provided on the upper end surface of the section steel along its length direction, and the bottom of the vertical enclosure wall is slidably connected to the slide rail, enabling the vertical enclosure wall to slide along the length direction on the slide rail. By using the sliding of the vertical enclosure, the upper row of brushes and the lower row of brushes move relative to each other. One end of the vertical enclosure wall is provided with a reciprocating movement driving part, which drives the vertical enclosure wall to reciprocate and slide on the slide rail. It can be understood that the sliding stroke of the vertical enclosure wall can be set to a relatively short length, for example, 3 - 10 cm. When the vertical enclosure wall is pushed and pulled by the reciprocating movement driving part to slide, the upper row of brushes and the lower row of brushes can slide in a staggered manner, thereby further reducing the gap between the brushes by means of the movement, and thus improving the blocking efficiency of dust and sand. When in use, a cam-link structure or a cylinder can be used as the reciprocating movement driving part to drive the vertical enclosure wall to slide. Embodiment 2:

[0033] In specific implementation, the dust-proof cover structure at least includes a vertical enclosure wall 3 arranged on the side of the full-load mobile bracket. The shape of the vertical enclosure wall 3 is not limited, and it can be rectangular to wrap and protect the support unit 2; a plurality of vertical enclosure walls 3 are connected to form a surrounding enclosure around the outer periphery of the full-load mobile bracket to form a separation from the external space, thereby shielding and protecting against dust and sand.

[0034] Preferably, the material for manufacturing the dust-proof cover structure should be resistant to alkali solution corrosion. Since alkaline electrolyte is filled in the electrolytic cell 5, there are certain requirements for the alkali solution corrosion resistance of the dust-proof cover structure. In actual use, polycarbonate material (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate material (acrylic), or any alkali-resistant material such as plexiglass can be used.

[0035] Preferably, the dust-proof cover structure 1 is made of a transparent and visualizable material. For example, the dust-proof cover structure made of transparent acrylic forms a transparent and visualizable enclosure, which can facilitate the operator to directly observe the state of the full-load mobile bracket inside from the outside, and also facilitate the observation of the surface of the electrolytic cell 5, so that there is no blind spot for observation of the equipment. Embodiment 3:

[0036] As another implementation method, on the basis of setting the gap distance 7 in the previous embodiment, the gap distance 7 is further reduced, so that the vertical enclosure wall 3 is arranged close to the surface of the electrolytic cell 5 to maintain a small non-contact gap 11. Narrowing the gap distance 7 can reduce the probability of dust and sand entering the interior of the dust-proof cover structure 1 through this channel, and thus can improve the protection effect on the support unit 2.

[0037] Further, an air flow seal is provided at the non-contact gap 11. Specifically, such as Figure 5As shown, the dust-proof cover structure 1 can enclose the full-load mobile bracket inside, and the outside is the outdoor environment. In this embodiment, the inside surrounded by the dust-proof cover structure 1 is set as the replacement chamber 12. The bottom of the replacement chamber 12 is the installation base 4 of the electrolytic cell 5, and the bottom of its vertical enclosure wall 3 can form a sealed connection with the base 4. The top of the replacement chamber 12 is the bottom side of the electrolytic cell 5, and a non-contact gap 11 is formed between the upper side of the vertical enclosure wall 3 and the electrolytic cell 5 all around. The aforementioned airtight seal can be formed at least at the non-contact gap 11. Specifically, in the setting scenario of the electrolytic cell 5, a compressed air supply pipe 13 or a nitrogen gas pipeline can be provided, and the compressed gas pipeline with a certain pressure is connected into the replacement chamber 12. By continuously filling the replacement chamber 12 with compressed gas, continuous replacement is formed in the replacement chamber 12, and the replacement gas is blown out from the non-contact gap 11. It is also possible to establish a slightly positive pressure state in the replacement chamber 12 relative to the outside. Since the relatively narrow non-contact gap 11 is provided, on the one hand, it can improve the flow rate of the ejected gas and enhance the effect of preventing dust from entering, and on the other hand, it can reduce the gas usage flow rate. It can be understood that establishing continuous replacement can also bring out the heat accumulated in the replacement chamber 12, thus avoiding the problem of relatively high temperature inside the dust-proof cover structure 1. It is also possible to use a blower to fill the replacement chamber 12 with gas, and a filtering or washing device for the incoming gas can be provided on the intake side of the blower, so as to ensure the cleanliness of the gas entering the replacement chamber 12 and prevent dust from entering the rollers of the support unit 2 and avoid jamming. Embodiment 4:

[0038] As another embodiment of forming an airtight seal, in this embodiment, gas flow is formed inside the dust-proof cover structure 1 and ejected from a specific part to generate an air curtain 14, so as to separate the external dust from the dust-proof cover structure 1. It can be understood that the air curtain 14 is ejected and formed at the flexible connection 6 or the non-contact gap 11. On the basis of the base 4 in Embodiment 1, a brush structure 8 is provided, and a gas ejection port, that is, a specific part, can be further provided at the lower row of brushes 9, so that the brush structure 8 not only blocks dust through the bristles, but also ejects the air curtain 14 at the same time, thereby improving the dust-blocking effect at the flexible connection 6. A continuously ejected air curtain 14 can also be formed at the non-contact gap 11, and the air curtain 14 directly blocks the dust.

[0039] As an implementation method, as Figure 6As shown in the figure, the dust-proof cover structure 1 is provided with a through ventilation opening 15 formed in the preset gas outflow direction. The through ventilation opening 15 is provided with a gas jet outlet 16 at least towards the gas outflow end. The dust-proof cover structure is arranged as a double-wall structure, and a cavity part is formed inside. The dust-proof cover structure is arranged by two parallel vertical enclosing walls. A plurality of longitudinal intervals are evenly arranged between the two vertical enclosing walls, dividing the space between the two vertical enclosing walls into a plurality of through ventilation openings. The through ventilation opening is provided with a gas ejection outlet at least near one end of the electrolytic cell. Specifically, the inside of the vertical enclosing wall 3 is hollow, and its through ventilation opening 15 is arranged towards the non-contact gap 11. Specifically, the through ventilation opening 15 is arranged at the upper edge of the vertical enclosing wall 3, so that the cavity part 17 inside the vertical enclosing wall 3 is communicated with the upper through ventilation opening 15. It can be understood that a gas source such as that in Embodiment 3 can be adopted, and the gas source is communicated to the cavity, so as to form an effect of blowing a continuous air flow from the inside of the vertical enclosing wall 3 to the non-contact gap 11 to form an air curtain 14. Embodiment 5:

[0040] As an improvement, based on the Coanda effect in this embodiment, the air flow is made to adhere to the Coanda wall for acceleration. Specifically, as Figure 7 shown in the figure, the gas laminar flow is guided to the continuously variable curvature Coanda surface 18, and the gradient surface of the Coanda surface 18 is used to cause the gas to generate an attachment wall effect, so as to increase the gas flow rate and form a jet air curtain 14.

[0041] This embodiment is different from Embodiment 4. In Embodiment 4, the vertical enclosing wall 3 can be understood as being hollow inside, and a through ventilation opening 15 is provided at its top for air outlet, and its bottom and surroundings are closed structures; while in this embodiment, the inside of the vertical enclosing wall 3 is still hollow. The difference is that the dust-proof cover structure 1 of this embodiment includes two parallel vertical enclosing walls 3, and the gap between the two vertical enclosing walls 3 is set as the through ventilation opening 15; one side of the through ventilation opening 15 close to the non-contact gap 11 is the gas jet outlet 16, and the through ventilation opening 15 forms a gas suction inlet 19 at one end far from the gas jet outlet 16.

[0042] The end faces on the mutually adjacent sides of the vertical enclosure walls 3 form a Coanda surface 18. The Coanda surface 18 shown in the figure includes a curved convex portion 20 formed on the side far from the gas jet outlet 16. The curved convex portion 20 gradually transitions smoothly towards the gas jet outlet 16 to form an inclined surface 21, and the opening directions formed by the two inclined surfaces 21 face the gas jet outlet 16. Further, similar to Embodiment Four, a cavity portion 17 is provided inside the vertical enclosure. The difference is that a slit-shaped air flow jet opening 22 for the gas to flow out along the tangent direction is provided at the starting section on the front side of the curved convex portion 20 of the cavity portion 17. In this embodiment, the air flow jet opening 22 is on the lower side, while in Embodiment Four, the gas ejection part is at the top. Compressed gas is introduced into the vertical enclosure wall 3, so that the gas is ejected through the slit-shaped air flow jet opening 22. The gas ejected from the slit-shaped air flow jet opening 22 can increase the flow velocity of the gas. The greater the flow velocity of the gas, the smaller the pressure. The gas flows along the Coanda surface 18, forming an effect of high flow velocity and low pressure. Furthermore, a region with low pressure is formed inside the through ventilation opening 15. The region with low pressure will drive and converge the air on the side of the gas suction port 19 towards the middle of the through ventilation opening 15. As a result, the flow rate of the air flow gushing out from the other gas jet outlet 16 is increased several times compared to the original flow rate from the slit-shaped air flow jet opening 22, so that a relatively small gas flow rate can leverage a larger amount of gas to pass through the through ventilation opening 15 and be ejected from the non-contact gap 11; during actual use, since the bottom of the vertical enclosure wall 3 is erected on the steel foundation 4, through holes 23 can be preset on the steel to communicate with the gas suction port 19, so that the through ventilation opening 15 is vertically through.

[0043] Specifically, the width of the through ventilation opening 15 is 10 - 25 mm; the protruding height H of the curved convex portion 20 is H = 8 mm (initial section) to H = 0 mm at the outlet section; the total length L of the Coanda surface 18 is 250 mm - 400 mm, meeting the acceleration length requirement: L ≥ 3D (D is the inlet equivalent diameter, D = 45 mm); Curvature parameter table Axial position (x / L) Radius of curvature R (mm) Corresponding surface function * Airflow velocity v (m / s) Wall attachment pressure ΔP (Pa) 0 (inlet) 50 y = 0.02x² (starting section of parabola) 1.5 120 0.3 80 y = 0.0125x³ (cubic curve transition) 12.7 75 0.6 150 y = 0.007e^(0.02x) (exponential type) 23.5 32 1.0 (outlet) ∞ (plane) Straight section 28.2 8 * The surface function is based on the differential geometry continuity condition (C² continuous) Performance test data: Inlet air velocity: 1.5 m / s (corresponding to the flow rate Q = 0.12 m³ / s) Dust characteristics: particle size 0.1 - 1.0 mm, concentration 1.2 g / m³ (simulating desert working conditions) Test items Test results Comparison benchmark (flat deflector) Air curtain outlet velocity 28.2 ± 0.5 m / s 9.8 m / s Wall attachment length 230 mm (from outlet) 60 mm Sand particle interception efficiency 0.1 mm: 98.7%; 1.0 mm: 100% 0.1 mm: 42%; 1.0 mm: 89% Turbulence intensity ≤6.5% (outlet section) ≥22% The Coanda surface adopts a continuously variable curvature design, the curvature radius R gradually changes from 50 mm to 200 mm, and the surface roughness Ra ≤ 0.8 μm (after polishing); and the surface is provided with a nano-aluminum oxide - polytetrafluoroethylene composite layer, and its thickness is 30 ± 5 μm. Embodiment Six:

[0044] Further, the dust-proof cover structure 1 includes an ion wind generation module 24. As Figure 8 shown, the ion wind generation module 24 includes an electrode array 25. The electrode array 25 is provided with an emitter 26 and a collector 27. An ionization region 28 is arranged between the emitter 26 and the collector 27. The emitter 26 includes tungsten needle electrodes 29 arranged in front of the convex part of the curved surface 20. The collection region is a conductive silicon carbide layer 34 plated on the convex surface of the Coanda surface 18, and an electric field gradient is formed by grounding it. The electrode spacing in the ionization region 28 is 20 - 30 mm, the electric field strength E = 7.5 kV / cm, and corona discharge induces the formation of ion wind. The ion wind airflow passes through the Coanda surface 18 and is further accelerated by the pressure gradient generated by its curvature.

[0045] The specific parameters of this composite dust-proof cover structure 1 are as follows. Taking the total length L = 300 mm of the Coanda surface 18 as an example, the setting spacing of the tungsten needle electrodes 29 is 5 - 25 mm, the thickness of the silicon carbide conductive layer is about 80 μm, and the resistivity is 10² Ω·cm; the surface potential gradient ≤ 500 V / mm is satisfied (to prevent arc discharge); the geometric structure of the ionization region 28 has a conical flow channel expansion angle θ = 8°, enabling the ion wind to cooperate with the acceleration of the Coanda surface 18.

[0046] Coanda surface collaborative design: Curvature - electric field coupling parameter Axial position (x / L) Radius of curvature R (mm) Surface electric field E_s (kV / cm) Ion wind velocity v_i (m / s) Coanda acceleration ratio 0 (inlet) 15 8.2 4.5 1.0 0.4 30 5.6 9.8 2.18 0.7 60 3.1 15.2 3.38 1.0 (outlet) 120 1.7 18.5 4.11 The corona current generated by the ion wind is about 2.1 - 2.4 mA; the ion wind speed is not less than 4 m / s. The Coanda effect is triggered by the initial momentum of the ion wind (4.5 m / s), and the following is achieved by means of the wall attachment effect: the air flow speed is multiplied by 4.1 times (the theoretical limit is 4.8 times), and the protection area is expanded by 3.2 times.

[0047] The specific structural layout of this embodiment is that the emitter 26 is at the front edge of the curved protrusion, where a row of tungsten needles (with a diameter of about 0.2 mm) is installed, and each tungsten needle is arranged at intervals. These tungsten needle electrodes 29 are connected to a high-voltage power supply, and tip discharge occurs during operation. The collector 27 is made of conductive silicon carbide, which is used to receive the discharge of the tungsten needle electrode 29. A conductive silicon carbide layer 34 is plated on the entire surface of the curved protrusion to make it grounded; in the 20 - 30 mm gap between the tungsten needle and the silicon carbide layer, air is ionized in this ionization region 28 to form an ion wind. The tungsten needle electrode 29 points to the curved protrusion, and ionization forms charged particles that attach to the wall and flow down along the Coandă surface 18, accelerating as they flow faster and driving the surrounding air to flow together to form an ion wind. When the ion wind hits the surface, using the arc effect of the surface like a racing car bend (Coandă effect), the air flow will accelerate closely along the surface, just like water flowing down a slide faster and faster. The original wind speed of 4 m / s can be increased to nearly 15 - 20 m / s after passing through a 300 - mm - long surface. Embodiment Seven:

[0048] Based on Embodiment Five and Embodiment Six, a negative pressure pipe 30 is provided on the vertical enclosure wall 3 near the full - load mobile bracket side, as Figure 9 shown. The vertically arranged enclosure walls 3 symmetrically arranged on both sides form a throat section 31 at the curved convex part 20. A converging pipe 32 is formed in the front of the throat section 31, and a diverging pipe 33 is formed in the rear. One end of the negative pressure pipe 30 communicates with the throat section 31, and the other end communicates with the inner side of the semi - enclosed protection structure, that is, the inner side of the dust - proof cover structure 1.

[0049] This embodiment divides the vertical enclosure wall 3 into a throat section 31, a converging pipe 32, and a diverging pipe 33 based on the principle of fluid dynamics; the throat section 31 uses the opposed setting of the curved convex part 20 to reduce the cross - section. The converging pipe 32 in its front has a gradually decreasing cross - section, and the diverging pipe 33 has a gradually increasing cross - section; when gas flows in a pipeline, the mass flow rate is constant; when the cross - sectional area decreases (throat section 31), the flow velocity increases. The increase in flow velocity (at the throat) leads to a decrease in static pressure, forming a low - pressure area. Therefore, by connecting the negative pressure pipe 30 provided to the inner side of the dust - proof cover structure 1, the gas inside the dust - proof cover structure 1 can be pumped out, thereby achieving the effects described in Embodiment Three, such as replacing the gas inside the dust - proof cover structure 1 and preventing the internal heat from accumulating and increasing the temperature, and no additional replacement gas source needs to be set up.

[0050] The above - mentioned are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand and dust prevention device for an electrolytic cell based on the Coanda effect, characterized in that: A dust cover structure is formed around the periphery of the full-load movable bracket, which is in flexible contact with the electrolytic cell or maintains a non-contact gap. The dust cover structure forms a semi-enclosed protective structure between the foundation and the electrolytic cell. A dust cover structure consisting of enclosures is arranged on both sides of a foundation based on steel sections, wherein the dust cover structure comprises at least a vertical enclosure wall arranged on the side of a fully load-bearing mobile bracket, wherein the bottom of the vertical enclosure wall is connected to the foundation, and the top is in flexible contact with the electrolytic cell or forms a non-contact gap.

2. The electrolytic cell anti-sand and anti-dust device based on the Coanda effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical enclosure wall is arranged in a surrounding form on the periphery of the full-load-bearing mobile bracket composed of the support unit. The bottom of the vertical enclosure wall is connected to the steel section, so that the bottom of the dust cover structure is sealed. The top of the vertical enclosure wall should not be directly sealed on the surface of the electrolytic cell.

3. The electrolytic cell sand and dust prevention device based on the Coanda effect according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The flexible connection may be a brush structure arranged on the upper edge of the vertical enclosure wall, and the brush structure is provided with a block at the gap distance between the vertical enclosure wall and the electrolytic cell; the brush structure comprises a lower row of brushes and an upper row of brushes, and when arranged, the lower row of brushes is arranged on the vertical enclosure wall, and the upper row of brushes is arranged on the surface of the electrolytic cell, and the sides of the upper row of brushes and the lower row of brushes are arranged in close contact; The lower row of brushes and the upper row of brushes are respectively provided with multiple rows, and each row of the lower row of brushes and the upper row of brushes is preferably staggered.

4. The electrolytic cell anti-sand and anti-dust device based on the Coanda effect according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical enclosure wall is configured to be slidably connected to the steel section, and the upper end surface of the steel section is provided with a slide rail arranged along its length direction. The bottom of the vertical enclosure wall is slidably connected to the slide rail, so that the vertical enclosure wall slides on the slide rail along the length direction, and the sliding of the vertical enclosure is utilized to make the upper row of brushes and the lower row of brushes move relative to each other. One end of the vertical enclosure wall is provided with a reciprocating driving part, which drives the vertical enclosure wall to slide back and forth on the slide rail.

5. The electrolytic cell sand and dust prevention device based on the Coanda effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust cover structure is configured as a double-wall structure, a cavity portion is formed inside the structure, and the dust cover structure is configured by two vertical enclosure walls arranged in parallel, a plurality of longitudinal intervals are evenly arranged between the two vertical enclosure walls, and the two vertical enclosure walls are divided into a plurality of through vents, and the through vents are provided with a gas outlet at least at one end close to the electrolytic cell.

6. The electrolytic cell anti-sand and anti-dust device based on the Coanda effect according to claim 5, characterized in that: A compressed air supply pipe is connected inside the vertical enclosure wall of the double-wall structure, and the compressed air supply pipe is connected to the cavity part, so that the air flow is ejected from the gas ejection port to form an air curtain.

7. The electrolytic cell anti-sand and anti-dust device based on the Coanda effect according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vertical enclosure walls are close to each other on one side to form a Coanda surface, and the Coanda surface diagram includes a curved convex portion formed on the side away from the gas jet outlet, the curved convex portion smoothly transitions to the gas jet outlet side to form an inclined surface, and the opening direction formed by the inclined surfaces on both sides is toward the gas jet outlet.

8. The electrolytic cell anti-sand and anti-dust device based on the Coanda effect according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cavity portion is provided with a slit-shaped air flow nozzle for gas to flow out along the tangential direction at the starting section of the front side of the curved convex portion.

9. The electrolytic cell sand and dust prevention device based on the Coanda effect according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dust cover structure includes an ion wind generating module, which includes an electrode array. The electrode array is provided with an emitter and a collector. An ionization zone is set between the emitter and the collector. The emitter includes a tungsten needle electrode arranged in front of the curved convex portion.

10. The electrolytic cell anti-sand and anti-dust device based on the Coanda effect according to claims 7-9, characterized in that: A negative pressure pipe is provided on the vertical enclosure wall close to the side of the fully load-bearing mobile bracket. The vertical enclosure walls symmetrically arranged on both sides form a throat section at the curved convex part. A tapering pipe is formed on the front side of the throat section and a gradually expanding pipe is formed on the rear side. One end of the negative pressure pipe is connected to the throat section, and the other end is connected to the inside of the semi-enclosed protective structure.

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