Simulation device and method for simulating deformation degree of duct piece in duct piece construction process

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation device and method for simulating the deformation degree of a duct piece in the duct piece construction process, and relates to the technical field of simulation of the deformation degree of the duct piece in a tunnel, and the simulation device comprises a plurality of strip-shaped inner plate bodies capable of forming an inner cylinder in a surrounding mode and a plurality of strip-shaped outer plate bodies capable of forming an outer cylinder in a surrounding mode. The inner wall and the outer wall of the strip-shaped inner plate body are arc surfaces, threaded holes A are formed in the left end face and the right end face of the strip-shaped inner plate body, a plurality of displacement sensors are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the strip-shaped inner plate body in the length direction of the strip-shaped inner plate body, and a wire of each displacement sensor is pasted and fixed to the inner wall of the strip-shaped inner plate body through an adhesive tape; the inner wall and the outer wall of the strip-shaped outer plate body are arc faces, and threaded holes B are formed in the left end face and the right end face of the strip-shaped outer plate body. The simulation device further comprises a left supporting seat and a right supporting seat. The device has the beneficial effects that the squeezing degree of a pea gravel backfill grouting body formed by pea gravels with different particle sizes and cement paste on a pipe piece can be simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of simulating the deformation degree of segments in a tunnel, and particularly to a simulation device and method for simulating the deformation degree of segments during segment construction. Background Technique

[0002] A Tunnel Boring Machine, abbreviated as "TBM", is also called a TBM for shield tunneling machines in Europe; but in China and Japan, it is customary to call the tunnel boring machine used for soft soil strata a shield, and the tunnel boring machine used for rock strata a TBM. Define TBM as: a full-face rock tunnel boring machine, which is a machine that makes the entire cross-section of the tunnel form at one time by rotating and pushing the cutterhead and crushing the rock with rolling cutters. Its specific structure varies depending on the model. Using a TBM for tunnel excavation and lining has obvious advantages compared with the traditional tunnel construction method - Drill&Blast: such as high construction efficiency, short construction period; small disturbance to the surrounding rock, good stability of the surrounding rock; high operation safety, good operation environment, etc., and is especially suitable for the construction of extra-long tunnels.

[0003] TBM can be generally divided into two categories: open TBM and shield TBM, which are respectively suitable for different strata conditions. The support type of shield TBM (double-shield and single-shield hard rock tunneling machines) is precast segment lining + pea gravel backfill and grouting. For pressurized tunnels, in cases where the surrounding rock mass is broken and fissures are developed, etc., it is also necessary to carry out consolidation grouting treatment on the tunnel 1.

[0004] After the shield tunneling machine excavates a section in the mountain, a cylindrical segment 2 needs to be constructed in the excavated tunnel 1. At present, the method for workers to construct a segment 2 in an excavated section of the tunnel 1 is as follows: Sa. Place a segment 2 in the tunnel 1 section through a trolley, as Figures 1 to 2 shown, to ensure that an annular cavity 3 is formed between the outer wall of the segment 2 and the surrounding rock of the tunnel 1; Sb. Backfill pea gravel into the annular cavity 3 through a backfill device until the annular cavity 3 is filled; the purpose of filling the annular cavity 3 is to prevent the segment 2 from deforming and shifting after leaving the tail shield, so as to play a temporary restraint role on the segment 2; Sc. Pour cement slurry into the annular cavity 3 through a grouting device. The cement slurry enters the gaps between the pea gravels to coagulate the loose pea gravels, thereby finally forming a pea gravel backfill grouting body 4. The pea gravel backfill grouting body 4 fixes the segment 2 and the surrounding rock of the tunnel 1 together, thereby finally realizing the construction of a segment 2 in a section of the tunnel 1, as Figures 3 to 4As shown in the figure, the function of the pea gravel backfill grouting body 4. The function of the pea gravel backfill grouting tunnel is to enable the segment 2, the pea gravel grouting layer and the surrounding rock of the tunnel 1 to jointly bear the internal and external loads of the tunnel 1. The pea gravel backfill grouting body forms a closed anti-seepage ring, which can improve the anti-seepage performance of the tunnel 1. The pea gravel backfill grouting body 4 can also improve the elastic modulus of the surrounding rock around the tunnel 1, enhance the surrounding rock resistance and self-stabilization performance. In addition, the pea gravel backfill grouting body 4 can also form a curtain ring with a certain thickness, reduce the seepage of internal water outside the tunnel 1 under pressure and block external water, and play a role in improving the anti-seepage performance of the surrounding rock of the tunnel 1 and the stress conditions of the tunnel.

[0005] Among them, in step Sc, the formed pea gravel backfill grouting body 4 will exert a certain degree of extrusion on the segment 2. Under the action of the extrusion force, the segment 2 deforms. Therefore, the workers can only repair each deformed part of the segment 2 subsequently. Although this can solve the problem of the deformation of the segment 2, the number of deformed parts of the segment 2 is as many as 10 to 15, and each deformed part needs to be repaired by the workers, which undoubtedly increases the working intensity of the workers.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simulation device and method that can simulate the extrusion degree of the pea gravel backfill grouting body formed by pea gravels with different particle sizes and cement slurry on the segment, and then select pea gravels with appropriate particle sizes for segment construction. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a simulation device and method for simulating the deformation degree of segments during segment construction.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A simulation device for simulating the deformation degree of segments during segment construction, which includes a plurality of strip-shaped inner plate bodies that can enclose an inner cylinder and a plurality of strip-shaped outer plate bodies that can enclose an outer cylinder. The inner and outer walls of the strip-shaped inner plate bodies are both arc surfaces. Threaded holes A are opened on the left and right end faces of the strip-shaped inner plate bodies. A plurality of displacement sensors are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the strip-shaped inner plate body along the length direction of the strip-shaped inner plate body. The wires of each displacement sensor are fixedly pasted on the inner wall of the strip-shaped inner plate body with tape; the inner and outer walls of the strip-shaped outer plate bodies are both arc surfaces, and threaded holes B are opened on the left and right end faces of the strip-shaped outer plate bodies; The simulation device further includes a left support seat and a right support seat. The structure of the left support seat is the same as that of the right support seat. A ring of wire passing holes, a ring of through holes A and a ring of through holes B distributed in a ring shape are opened on the end face of the left support seat. The through holes A are located outside the wire passing holes, and the through holes B are located outside the through holes A; A feed joint and a grout inlet joint are fixedly arranged on the end face of the left support seat. The feed joint and the grout inlet joint are both located between the through holes A and the through holes B, and the feed joint and the grout inlet joint both penetrate the left support seat to the right.

[0009] The length of the strip-shaped outer plate body is equal to that of the strip-shaped inner plate body, and the thickness of the strip-shaped outer plate body is greater than that of the strip-shaped inner plate body.

[0010] The strip-shaped outer plate body is made of a transparent plate material, and the material of the strip-shaped inner plate body is the same as that of the segment.

[0011] The number of the strip-shaped outer plate bodies is eight, and the number of the strip-shaped inner plate bodies is eight.

[0012] The wire passing holes are rectangular in shape, and the number thereof is eight. The eight wire passing holes are evenly distributed on the left support seat.

[0013] The diameter of the through hole B is greater than that of the through hole A.

[0014] The simulation device further includes a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the feed pump and the slurry feed pump.

[0015] A method for simulating the deformation degree of segments during segment construction, which includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the simulation device for the first time, and the specific operation steps are as follows: S11. Workers fix the bottom of the left support seat on the backing plate through anchor bolts. S12. Workers take out a strip-shaped inner plate body, abut the left end of the strip-shaped inner plate body against the right end face of the left support seat, and ensure that the threaded hole A of the strip-shaped inner plate body corresponds to and communicates with the through hole A on the left support seat; then, pass the locking screw A through the through hole A and thread it with the threaded hole A of the strip-shaped inner plate body to fix the first strip-shaped inner plate body on the left support seat; then, the worker passes the leading end of the wire of the displacement sensor inside the strip-shaped inner plate body through the wire passing hole of the left support seat to the left and connects it to the controller. S13. Workers repeat the operation of step S12 seven times, and then the left ends of the remaining seven strip-shaped inner plate bodies can be fixed on the left support seat. At this time, the eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies are spliced end to end to form a cylindrical inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder is used to simulate the segments in the tunnel during actual construction. S14. Workers take out a strip-shaped outer plate body, abut the left end of the strip-shaped outer plate body against the right end face of the left support seat, and ensure that the threaded hole B of the strip-shaped outer plate body corresponds to and communicates with the through hole B on the left support seat; then, pass the locking screw B through the through hole B and thread it with the threaded hole B of the strip-shaped outer plate body to fix the first strip-shaped outer plate body on the left support seat. S15. Workers repeat the operation of step S14 seven times, and then the left ends of the remaining seven strip-shaped outer plate bodies can be fixed on the left support seat. At this time, the eight strip-shaped outer plate bodies are spliced end to end to form a cylindrical outer cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder is used to simulate the surrounding rock of the tunnel. S16. The worker fixes the right support base on the backing plate and also fixes the right support base on the right ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. At this time, a cylindrical cavity is formed among the outer cylindrical surface of the inner cylinder, the inner cylindrical surface of the outer cylinder, the right end face of the left support base, and the left end face of the right support base. At this time, both the feed joint and the grout inlet joint are communicated with the cylindrical cavity. Among them, the cylindrical cavity is used to simulate the annular cavity formed between the surrounding rock of the tunnel and the outer wall of the segment. S17. The worker fixes both the feed pump and the grout pump on the backing plate to ensure that the feed pump and the grout pump are on the left side of the left support base. The worker inserts the suction port of the feed pump into the material tank, and then connects a first pipeline at the discharge port of the feed pump, and connects the other end of the first pipeline to the feed joint through a pipe clamp. Then the worker inserts the suction port of the grout pump into the slurry storage tank, and then connects a second pipeline at the discharge port of the grout pump, and connects the other end of the second pipeline to the grout inlet joint through a pipe clamp, thus finally assembling the simulation device for the first time. S2. Simulate the extrusion degree of the gravel backfill grout body I formed by gravel with a particle size of 5 mm and cement slurry on the inner cylinder. The specific operation steps are as follows: S21. The worker puts gravel with a particle size of 5 mm into the material tank and adds cement slurry into the slurry storage tank. S22. Turn on the feed pump. The feed pump pumps out the gravel with a particle size of 5 mm in the material tank. The pumped gravel sequentially passes through the feed pump, the first pipeline, and the feed joint, and finally enters the cylindrical cavity formed by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The worker observes in real time from the outside whether the cylindrical cavity is filled with gravel. If it is observed that the cylindrical cavity is filled with gravel, the worker immediately turns off the feed pump. S23. Turn on the grout pump. The grout pump pumps out the cement slurry in the slurry storage tank. Under the pump pressure, the cement slurry sequentially passes through the grout pump, the second pipeline, and the grout inlet joint, and finally enters the cylindrical cavity. The cement slurry enters the gaps between the gravel with a particle size of 5 mm to form the gravel backfill grout body I. The formed gravel backfill grout body I extrudes the inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder deforms. The displacement sensors in the eight strip-shaped inner plates that make up the inner cylinder monitor in real time whether the strip-shaped inner plates connected to them deform. The displacement sensors transmit the measured displacement values to the controller. The controller calculates the average value I of the displacement values fed back by multiple displacement sensors. According to the magnitude of this average value I, the worker can know the extrusion degree of the gravel backfill grout body I formed by gravel with a particle size of 5 mm and cement and sand on the inner cylinder, and further simulate the extrusion degree of the gravel backfill grout body I formed by gravel with a particle size of 5 mm and cement slurry on the segment. S24. Workers remove all locking screws A between the inner cylinder and the left support seat, and all locking screws B between the outer cylinder and the left support seat; then workers remove all locking screws A between the inner cylinder and the right support seat, and all locking screws B between the outer cylinder and the right support seat; then workers sequentially pull out the eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies forming the inner cylinder from the pea gravel backfill grout body I; then workers sequentially pull out the eight strip-shaped outer plate bodies forming the outer cylinder from the pea gravel backfill grout body I, thereby achieving the recycling of the eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies and the eight strip-shaped outer plate bodies. Finally, workers discard the remaining pea gravel backfill grout body I. S3. Workers put pea gravel with a particle size of 5.5 mm into the material tank and pour cement slurry into the slurry storage tank; workers repeat the operations in steps S1 - S2, and then a pea gravel backfill grout body II can be formed in the cylindrical cavity. The formed pea gravel backfill grout body II squeezes the inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder deforms. The displacement sensors in the eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies forming the inner cylinder monitor in real time whether the strip-shaped inner plate bodies connected to them deform. The displacement sensors transmit the measured displacement values to the controller, and the controller calculates the average value II of the displacement values fed back by multiple displacement sensors. Workers can know the extrusion degree of the pea gravel backfill grout body II formed by pea gravel with a particle size of 5.5 mm, cement, and sand on the inner cylinder according to the size of this average value II, and then simulate the extrusion degree of the pea gravel backfill grout body II formed by pea gravel with a particle size of 5.5 mm and cement slurry on the segment. S4. Repeating the operation in step S3 many times like this, workers can know the extrusion degree of the pea gravel backfill grout bodies formed by pea gravel with different particle sizes and cement slurry on the inner cylinder, and then simulate the extrusion degree of the pea gravel backfill grout bodies formed by pea gravel with different particle sizes and cement slurry on the segment. S5. Workers select the pea gravel with the particle size corresponding to the inner cylinder with the smallest deformation degree, and use the pea gravel with this particle size to cooperate with cement slurry to construct the segment in the excavated tunnel section.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages: It can simulate the extrusion degree of the pea gravel backfill grout bodies formed by pea gravel with different particle sizes and cement slurry on the segment, and then select the pea gravel with a suitable particle size for segment construction. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of placing a segment in a tunnel section by a trolley. Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the schematic diagram of the C - C cross - section of Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of constructing a segment in a section of tunnel. Figure 4 It isFigure 3 Schematic diagram of the D-D section; Figure 5 Axonometric view of the strip-shaped inner plate body of the present invention; Figure 6 is Figure 5 Bottom view of; Figure 7 Axonometric view of the strip-shaped outer plate body of the present invention; Figure 8 Axonometric view of the left support seat; Figure 9 is Figure 8 Left view of; Figure 10 Axonometric view of the right support seat; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of fixing the bottom of the left support seat to the backing plate with anchor bolts; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of abutting the left end of the strip-shaped inner plate body against the right end face of the left support seat; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of fixing the first strip-shaped inner plate body to the left support seat with locking screw A; Figure 14 is Figure 13 View in the E direction of; Figure 15 Schematic diagram of splicing eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies end to end to form a cylindrical inner barrel; Figure 16 is Figure 15 View in the F direction of; Figure 17 Schematic diagram of abutting the left end of the strip-shaped outer plate body against the right end face of the left support seat; Figure 18 Schematic diagram of fixing the first strip-shaped outer plate body to the left support seat with locking screw B; Figure 19 is Figure 18 View in the G direction of; Figure 20 Schematic diagram of splicing eight strip-shaped outer plate bodies end to end to form a cylindrical outer barrel; Figure 21 is Figure 20 View in the M direction of; Figure 22 Schematic diagram of fixing the right support seat to the right ends of the inner barrel and the outer barrel; Figure 23 Schematic diagram of a worker fixing both the feed pump and the slurry feed pump to the backing plate; Figure 24 Schematic diagram of connecting a first pipeline between the discharge port of the feed pump and the feed joint; In the figure: 1 - Tunnel, 2 - Segment, 3 - Annular cavity, 4 - Grouting body filled with pea gravel; 5 - Strip-shaped inner plate body, 6 - Strip-shaped outer plate body, 7 - Threaded hole A, 8 - Displacement sensor, 9 - Wire, 10 - Threaded hole B; 11 - Left support seat, 12 - Right support seat, 13 - Wire passing hole, 14 - Through hole A, 15 - Through hole B, 16 - Feed joint, 17 - Grout inlet joint, 18 - Pad, 19 - Locking screw A, 20 - Locking screw B, 21 - Cylindrical cavity, 22 - Feed pump, 23 - Grout pump, 24 - First pipeline, 25 - Second pipeline. Detailed implementation manner

[0018] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following: As Figures 5 to 10 shown, a simulation device for simulating the deformation degree of segments during segment construction includes a plurality of strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 that can enclose an inner cylinder and a plurality of strip-shaped outer plate bodies 6 that can enclose an outer cylinder. The inner and outer walls of the strip-shaped inner plate body 5 are both arc surfaces. Threaded holes A7 are provided on the left and right end faces of the strip-shaped inner plate body 5. A plurality of displacement sensors 8 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the strip-shaped inner plate body 5 along the length direction of the strip-shaped inner plate body 5. The wire 9 of each displacement sensor 8 is fixedly adhered to the inner wall of the strip-shaped inner plate body 5 by tape; the inner and outer walls of the strip-shaped outer plate body 6 are both arc surfaces, and threaded holes B10 are provided on the left and right end faces of the strip-shaped outer plate body 6.

[0019] The number of the strip-shaped outer plate bodies 6 is eight, and the number of the strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 is eight; the length of the strip-shaped outer plate body 6 is equal to the length of the strip-shaped inner plate body 5, and the thickness of the strip-shaped outer plate body 6 is greater than the thickness of the strip-shaped inner plate body 5. The strip-shaped outer plate body 6 is a transparent plate, and the material of the strip-shaped inner plate body 5 is the same as that of the segment 2.

[0020] The simulation device further includes a left support seat 11 and a right support seat 12. The structure of the left support seat 11 is the same as that of the right support seat 12. A circle of annularly distributed wire passing holes 13, a circle of annularly distributed through holes A14, and a circle of annularly distributed through holes B15 are provided on the end face of the left support seat 11. The through holes A14 are located outside the wire passing holes 13, and the through holes B15 are located outside the through holes A14; a feed joint 16 and a grout inlet joint 17 are also fixedly arranged on the end face of the left support seat 11. The feed joint 16 and the grout inlet joint 17 are both located between the through holes A14 and the through holes B15, and both the feed joint 16 and the grout inlet joint 17 penetrate the left support seat 11 to the right. The diameter of the through hole B15 is greater than the diameter of the through hole A14. The wire passing hole 13 is rectangular, and the number of the wire passing holes 13 is eight, and the eight wire passing holes 13 are evenly distributed on the left support seat 11.

[0021] The simulation device further includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the feed pump and the slurry inlet pump. The start or stop of the feed pump and the slurry inlet pump can be controlled through the controller, and the controller can also be connected to the wire 9 of the displacement sensor 8.

[0022] A method for simulating the deformation degree of segments during segment construction, which includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the simulation device for the first time. The specific operation steps are as follows: S11. Workers fix the bottom of the left support seat 11 as shown in Figures 8 to 9 to the backing plate 18 through anchor bolts, as shown in Figure 11 ; S12. Workers take out a strip-shaped inner plate body 5 as shown in Figures 5 to 6 , abut the left end of the strip-shaped inner plate body 5 against the right end face of the left support seat 11, as shown in Figure 12 , and ensure that the threaded hole A7 of the strip-shaped inner plate body 5 corresponds and communicates with the through hole A14 on the left support seat 11; then, pass the locking screw A19 through the through hole A14 and thread it with the threaded hole A7 of the strip-shaped inner plate body 5 to fix the first strip-shaped inner plate body 5 on the left support seat 11, as shown in Figures 13 to 14 ; then, workers pass the leading end of the wire 9 of the displacement sensor 8 in the strip-shaped inner plate body 5 to the left through the wire passing hole 13 of the left support seat 11 and connect it to the controller; S13. Workers repeat the operation of step S12 seven times, and the left ends of the remaining seven strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 can be fixed on the left support seat 11. At this time, the eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 are spliced end to end to form a cylindrical inner cylinder, as shown in Figures 15 to 16 , and the inner cylinder is used to simulate the segments 2 in the tunnel 1 during actual construction; S14. Workers take out a strip-shaped outer plate body 6 as shown in Figure 7 , abut the left end of the strip-shaped outer plate body 6 against the right end face of the left support seat 11, as shown in Figure 17 , and ensure that the threaded hole B10 of the strip-shaped outer plate body 6 corresponds and communicates with the through hole B15 on the left support seat 11; then, pass the locking screw B20 through the through hole B15 and thread it with the threaded hole B10 of the strip-shaped outer plate body 6 to fix the first strip-shaped outer plate body 6 on the left support seat 11, as shown in Figures 18 to 19 ; S15. Workers repeat the operation of step S14 seven times, and the left ends of the remaining seven strip-shaped outer plate bodies 6 can be fixed on the left support seat 11. At this time, the eight strip-shaped outer plate bodies 6 are spliced end to end to form a cylindrical outer cylinder, as shown in Figures 20 to 21 , where the outer cylinder is used to simulate the surrounding rock of the tunnel 1; S16. Workers will as shown inFigure 10 The right support base 12 shown is fixed on the backing plate 18, and the right support base 12 is fixed on the right ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, as Figure 22 shown. At this time, a cylindrical cavity 21 is formed between the outer cylindrical surface of the inner cylinder, the inner cylindrical surface of the outer cylinder, the right end face of the left support base 11 and the left end face of the right support base 12. At this time, the feed joint 16 and the grout inlet joint 17 are both communicated with the cylindrical cavity 21. Among them, the cylindrical cavity 21 is used to simulate the annular cavity 3 formed between the surrounding rock of the tunnel 1 and the outer wall of the segment 2; S17. The worker fixes both the feed pump 22 and the grout pump 23 on the backing plate 18, as Figure 23 shown, to ensure that the feed pump 22 and the grout pump 23 are on the left side of the left support base 11; the worker inserts the suction port of the feed pump 22 into the material tank, and then connects a first pipeline 24 at the discharge port of the feed pump 22, and connects the other end of the first pipeline 24 to the feed joint 16 through a pipe clamp, as Figure 23 shown; then the worker inserts the suction port of the grout pump 23 into the slurry storage tank, and then connects a second pipeline 25 at the discharge port of the grout pump 23, and connects the other end of the second pipeline 25 to the grout inlet joint 17 through a pipe clamp, as Figure 23 shown, thus finally realizing the first assembly of the simulation device; S2. Simulate the extrusion degree of the gravel backfill grout body I formed by gravel with a particle size of 5 mm and cement slurry on the inner cylinder. The specific operation steps are as follows: S21. The worker puts gravel with a particle size of 5 mm into the material tank and adds cement slurry into the slurry storage tank; S22. Open the feed pump 22. The feed pump 22 pumps out the gravel with a particle size of 5 mm in the material tank. The pumped gravel sequentially passes through the feed pump 22, the first pipeline 24, and the feed joint 16, and finally enters the cylindrical cavity 21 formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The worker observes in real time from the outside whether the cylindrical cavity 21 is filled with gravel. If it is observed that the cylindrical cavity 21 is filled with gravel, the worker immediately closes the feed pump 22; S23. Turn on the slurry inlet pump 23. The slurry inlet pump 23 pumps out the cement slurry in the slurry storage tank. Under the pump pressure, the cement slurry sequentially passes through the slurry inlet pump 23, the second pipeline 25, and the slurry inlet joint 17, and finally enters the cylindrical cavity 21. The cement slurry enters the gaps between the pea gravels with a certain particle size, thus forming the pea gravel backfill grouting body I. The formed pea gravel backfill grouting body I squeezes the inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder deforms. The displacement sensors 8 in the eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 that make up the inner cylinder continuously monitor whether the strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 connected to them deform. The displacement sensors 8 transmit the measured displacement values to the controller, and the controller calculates the average value I of the displacement values fed back by the multiple displacement sensors 8. According to the magnitude of this average value I, the worker can know the extrusion degree of the pea gravel backfill grouting body I formed by pea gravels with a particle size of 5 mm, cement, and sand on the inner cylinder [the larger the average value I, the greater the deformation degree of the inner cylinder], and then simulate the extrusion degree of the pea gravel backfill grouting body I formed by pea gravels with a particle size of 5 mm and cement slurry on the segment 2; S24. The worker removes all the locking screws A19 between the inner cylinder and the left support seat 11, and all the locking screws B20 between the outer cylinder and the left support seat 11; then the worker removes all the locking screws A19 between the inner cylinder and the right support seat 12, and all the locking screws B20 between the outer cylinder and the right support seat 12; then the worker sequentially pulls out the eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 that make up the inner cylinder from the pea gravel backfill grouting body I; then the worker sequentially pulls out the eight strip-shaped outer plate bodies 6 that make up the outer cylinder from the pea gravel backfill grouting body I, thus realizing the recycling of the eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 and the eight strip-shaped outer plate bodies 6. Finally, the worker throws away the remaining pea gravel backfill grouting body I; S3. The worker puts pea gravels with a particle size of 5.5 mm into the material tank and adds cement slurry into the slurry storage tank; the worker repeats the operations in steps S1 - S2, and the pea gravel backfill grouting body II can be formed in the cylindrical cavity 21. The formed pea gravel backfill grouting body II squeezes the inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder deforms. The displacement sensors 8 in the eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 that make up the inner cylinder continuously monitor whether the strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 connected to them deform. The displacement sensors 8 transmit the measured displacement values to the controller, and the controller calculates the average value II of the displacement values fed back by the multiple displacement sensors 8. According to the magnitude of this average value II, the worker can know the extrusion degree of the pea gravel backfill grouting body II formed by pea gravels with a particle size of 5.5 mm, cement, and sand on the inner cylinder, and then simulate the extrusion degree of the pea gravel backfill grouting body II formed by pea gravels with a particle size of 5.5 mm and cement slurry on the segment 2; S4. Repeat the operation in step S3 multiple times, and then the extrusion degree of the gravel backfill grouting body formed by gravel with different particle sizes and cement slurry on the inner cylinder can be obtained, and further the extrusion degree of the gravel backfill grouting body formed by gravel with different particle sizes and cement slurry on the segment 2 can be simulated; S5. Workers select the gravel with the particle size corresponding to the inner cylinder with the smallest deformation degree, and mix the gravel with this particle size and cement slurry to construct the segment 2 in the excavated tunnel 1 section.

[0023] Among them, in step S13, after the left ends of the eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 are fixed on the right end face of the left support seat 11, the eight strip-shaped inner plate bodies 5 are spliced end to end to form a cylindrical inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder is used to simulate the segment 2 actually constructed in the tunnel 1; in step S15, after the left ends of the eight strip-shaped outer plate bodies 6 are fixed on the left support seat 11, the eight strip-shaped outer plate bodies 6 are spliced end to end to form a cylindrical outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder is used to simulate the surrounding rock of the tunnel 1; in step S16, after the right support seat 12 is fixed on the right ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a cylindrical cavity 21 is formed between the outer cylindrical surface of the inner cylinder, the inner cylindrical surface of the outer cylinder, the right end face of the left support seat 11 and the left end face of the right support seat 12, which is used to simulate the annular cavity 3 formed between the surrounding rock of the tunnel 1 and the outer wall of the segment 2, so as to assemble the simulation device for the first time.

[0024] In step S2, only by putting the selected gravel with a certain particle size into the material tank, the extrusion degree of the gravel backfill grouting body formed by the gravel with this particle size and cement slurry on the inner cylinder can be obtained, and further the extrusion degree of the gravel backfill grouting body formed by the gravel with this particle size and cement slurry on the segment 2 can be simulated; repeating the above operation multiple times, the extrusion degree of the gravel backfill grouting body formed by gravel with different particle sizes and cement slurry on the segment 2 can be simulated, so that it is convenient for workers to more accurately select the gravel with the particle size corresponding to the inner cylinder with the smallest deformation degree, and mix the gravel with this particle size and cement slurry to construct the segment 2 in the excavated tunnel 1 section.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation device for simulating the degree of deformation of a pipe segment during the construction of the pipe segment, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of strip-shaped inner plates (5) capable of forming an inner cylinder and a plurality of strip-shaped outer plates (6) capable of forming an outer cylinder. The inner and outer walls of the strip-shaped inner plates (5) are both arcuate surfaces. The left and right end surfaces of the strip-shaped inner plates (5) are both provided with threaded holes A (7). A plurality of displacement sensors (8) are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the strip-shaped inner plates (5) and along the length direction of the strip-shaped inner plates (5). The lead wire (9) of each displacement sensor (8) is fixed to the inner wall of the strip-shaped inner plates (5) by adhesive tape. The inner and outer walls of the strip-shaped outer plates (6) are both arcuate surfaces. The left and right end surfaces of the strip-shaped outer plates (6) are both provided with threaded holes B (10). The simulation device further comprises a left support seat (11) and a right support seat (12). The structure of the left support seat (11) is the same as that of the right support seat (12). The end surface of the left support seat (11) is provided with a circle of wire holes (13) distributed in an annular manner, a circle of through holes A (14) distributed in an annular manner, and a circle of through holes B (15) distributed in an annular manner. The through holes A (14) are located outside the wire holes (13), and the through holes B (15) are located outside the through holes A (14). The end surface of the left support seat (11) is also provided with a feed joint (16) and a slurry feed joint (17). The feed joint (16) and the slurry feed joint (17) are both located between the through holes A (14) and the through holes B (15), and the feed joint (16) and the slurry feed joint (17) both penetrate the left support seat (11) to the right.

2. A simulation device for simulating the degree of deformation of a pipe segment during the construction of a pipe segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the strip-shaped outer plate body (6) is equal to the length of the strip-shaped inner plate body (5), and the thickness of the strip-shaped outer plate body (6) is greater than the thickness of the strip-shaped inner plate body (5).

3. A simulation device for simulating the degree of deformation of a pipe segment during the construction of a pipe segment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The strip-shaped outer plate (6) is a transparent plate, and the material of the strip-shaped inner plate (5) is the same as that of the tube segment (2).

4. A simulation device for simulating the degree of deformation of a pipe segment during the construction of a pipe segment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the strip-shaped outer plate bodies (6) is eight, and the number of the strip-shaped inner plate bodies (5) is eight.

5. A simulation device for simulating the deformation degree of a pipe segment during the pipe segment construction process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wire passing holes (13) are rectangular in shape and are eight in number. The eight wire passing holes (13) are evenly distributed on the left support seat (11).

6. A simulation device for simulating the degree of deformation of a pipe segment during the construction of a pipe segment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the through hole B (15) is greater than the diameter of the through hole A (14).

7. A simulation device for simulating the degree of deformation of a pipe segment during the construction of a pipe segment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The simulation device also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the feed pump and the slurry feed pump.

8. A method for simulating the deformation degree of a pipe segment during the construction of a pipe segment, using the simulation device for simulating the deformation degree of a pipe segment during the construction of a pipe segment according to claim 7, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the simulation device for the first time. The specific steps are as follows: S11. A worker fixes the bottom of the left support base (11) to the pad (18) via anchor screws; S12, the worker takes out a strip-shaped inner plate (5), places the left end of the strip-shaped inner plate (5) against the right end surface of the left support seat (11), and ensures that the threaded hole A (7) of the strip-shaped inner plate (5) is correspondingly connected to the through hole A (14) on the left support seat (11); then the locking screw A (19) passes through the through hole A (14) and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole A (7) of the strip-shaped inner plate (5), so as to fix the first strip-shaped inner plate (5) on the left support seat (11); then the worker passes the head end of the wire (9) of the displacement sensor (8) in the strip-shaped inner plate (5) to the left through the wire hole (13) of the left support seat (11), and connects it to the controller; S13, the worker repeats the operation of step S12 seven times, and the left ends of the remaining seven strip-shaped inner plates (5) are fixed on the left support seat (11). At this time, the eight strip-shaped inner plates (5) are spliced ​​end to end into a cylindrical inner cylinder, which is used to simulate the pipe segment (2) actually constructed in the tunnel (1); S14, the worker takes out a strip outer plate (6), places the left end of the strip outer plate (6) against the right end surface of the left support seat (11), and ensures that the threaded hole B (10) of the strip outer plate (6) is correspondingly connected to the through hole B (15) on the left support seat (11); then, a locking screw B (20) is passed through the through hole B (15) and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole B (10) of the strip outer plate (6), so as to fix the first strip outer plate (6) on the left support seat (11); S15. The worker repeats step S14 seven times, and the left ends of the remaining seven strip-shaped outer plates (6) are fixed on the left support seat (11). At this time, the eight strip-shaped outer plates (6) are spliced ​​end to end into a cylindrical outer cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder is used to simulate the surrounding rock of the tunnel (1); S16. The worker fixes the right support seat (12) on the pad (18), and fixes the right support seat (12) on the right end portions of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. At this time, a cylindrical cavity (21) is formed between the outer cylindrical surface of the inner cylinder, the inner cylindrical surface of the outer cylinder, the right end surface of the left support seat (11), and the left end surface of the right support seat (12). At this time, the feed joint (16) and the slurry feed joint (17) are both connected to the cylindrical cavity (21), wherein the cylindrical cavity (21) is used to simulate the annular cavity (3) formed between the surrounding rock of the tunnel (1) and the outer wall of the pipe segment (2); S17, the worker fixes the feed pump (22) and the slurry feed pump (23) on the pad (18), ensuring that the feed pump (22) and the slurry feed pump (23) are on the left side of the left support seat (11); the worker extends the feed port of the feed pump (22) into the material tank, and then connects the first pipe (24) at the discharge port of the feed pump (22), and connects the other end of the first pipe (24) to the feed joint (16) via a pipe clamp; then the worker extends the feed port of the slurry feed pump (23) into the slurry storage tank, and then connects the second pipe (25) at the discharge port of the slurry feed pump (23), and connects the other end of the second pipe (25) to the slurry feed joint (17) via a pipe clamp, thereby finally realizing the first assembly of the simulation device; S2, simulate the pea gravel backfill grouting body I formed by pea gravel with a particle size of 5 mm and cement slurry, and the degree of extrusion of the inner cylinder. The specific operation steps are as follows: S21. Workers put pea gravel with a particle size of 5 mm into the material tank and add cement slurry into the slurry storage tank; S22, turning on the feed pump (22), the feed pump (22) extracts the pea gravel with a particle size of 5 mm in the material tank, and the extracted pea gravel passes through the feed pump (22), the first pipe (24), the feed connector (16) in sequence, and finally enters the cylindrical cavity (21) formed by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The worker observes from the outside in real time whether the cylindrical cavity (21) is filled with pea gravel. If it is observed that the cylindrical cavity (21) is filled with pea gravel, the worker immediately turns off the feed pump (22); S23, the slurry feed pump (23) is turned on, and the slurry feed pump (23) pumps out the cement slurry in the slurry storage tank. Under the pump pressure, the cement slurry passes through the slurry feed pump (23), the second pipe (25), the slurry feed joint (17), and finally enters the cylindrical cavity (21). The cement slurry enters the gap between the pea gravel and the pea gravel, thereby forming a pea gravel backfill grouting body I. The formed pea gravel backfill grouting body I squeezes the inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder is deformed. The displacement sensors (8) in the eight strip inner plates (5) constituting the inner cylinder are real-time measured. The strip inner plate (5) connected thereto is monitored to determine whether deformation occurs, and the displacement sensor (8) transmits the measured displacement value to the controller. The controller calculates an average value I of the displacement values ​​fed back by the plurality of displacement sensors (8). Based on the average value I, the worker can know the degree of compression of the inner cylinder by the bean gravel backfill grouting body I formed by bean gravel with a particle size of 5 mm, cement and sand, and further simulate the degree of compression of the pipe segment (2) by the bean gravel backfill grouting body I formed by bean gravel with a particle size of 5 mm and cement slurry; S24, the worker removes all the locking screws A (19) between the inner cylinder and the left support seat (11), and all the locking screws B (20) between the outer cylinder and the left support seat (11); then the worker removes all the locking screws A (19) between the inner cylinder and the right support seat (12), and all the locking screws B (20) between the outer cylinder and the right support seat (12); then the worker pulls out the eight strip-shaped inner plates (5) constituting the inner cylinder from the bean gravel backfill grouting body I in sequence; then the worker pulls out the eight strip-shaped outer plates (6) constituting the outer cylinder from the bean gravel backfill grouting body I in sequence, thereby realizing the recovery of the eight strip-shaped inner plates (5) and the eight strip-shaped outer plates (6), and finally the worker throws away the remaining bean gravel backfill grouting body I; S3, the worker puts pea gravel with a particle size of 5.5 mm into the material tank, and fills cement slurry into the slurry storage tank; the worker repeats the operations of steps S1 to S2, and a pea gravel backfill grouting body II is formed in the cylindrical cavity (21). The formed pea gravel backfill grouting body II squeezes the inner cylinder, causing the inner cylinder to deform. The displacement sensors (8) in the eight strip inner plates (5) constituting the inner cylinder monitor in real time whether the strip inner plates (5) connected thereto are deformed. The displacement sensors (8) transmit the measured displacement values ​​to the controller, and the controller calculates the average displacement value II fed back by the multiple displacement sensors (8). Based on the size of the average displacement value II, the worker can know the squeezing degree of the inner cylinder by the pea gravel backfill grouting body II formed by the pea gravel with a particle size of 5.5 mm, cement and sand, and further simulate the squeezing degree of the pipe segment (2) by the pea gravel backfill grouting body II formed by the pea gravel with a particle size of 5.5 mm and cement slurry; S4, repeating the operation of step S3 for multiple times, the degree of compression of the inner cylinder by the pea gravel backfill grouting body formed by pea gravel of different particle sizes and cement slurry can be obtained, and then the degree of compression of the pipe segment (2) by the pea gravel backfill grouting body formed by pea gravel of different particle sizes and cement slurry can be simulated; S5. The worker selects pea gravel of a particle size corresponding to the inner cylinder with the smallest deformation degree, and uses the pea gravel of this particle size to mix with cement slurry to construct the pipe segment (2) in the excavated tunnel (1) section.

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