Accelerated aging test device and method for viscous-elastic material

Abstract

The invention discloses a viscous-elastic material accelerated aging test device and method, the device comprises a driving module, a displacement moving module and a clamp module, the driving module is used for sending a displacement control instruction, outputting a corresponding displacement driving force according to the displacement control instruction to carry out displacement control on the displacement moving module, and clamping the displacement moving module; the displacement moving module is driven to move according to a preset displacement requirement; the displacement moving module is used for receiving and executing the displacement control instruction and controlling the viscous-elastic material test piece to perform parallel displacement according to a preset path in the test process; and the clamp module is used for fixing and loading the viscous-elastic material test piece. According to the invention, the loading strain can be accurately controlled and measured, the stable loading performance can be maintained in different physical and chemical environments, and the accelerated aging test of the viscous-elastic material under the complex physical-chemical coupling condition can be more accurately simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of material testing, and particularly to an accelerated aging test device and method for viscoelastic materials. Background Art

[0002] In modern engineering and scientific research, viscoelastic materials are widely used in various structural components and assemblies due to their unique mechanical properties. In practical applications, viscoelastic materials, such as in the fields of aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and electronic packaging, face complex physical and chemical environments, including the combined effects of multiple factors such as temperature, humidity, and mechanical stress. To accurately predict the service life and performance degradation of these materials, conducting accelerated aging tests has become a common practice.

[0003] However, existing accelerated aging test technologies have significant limitations in simulating the actual storage conditions of viscoelastic materials. Traditional test methods usually only consider single or simple physical factors, such as the combination of temperature and humidity, or the combination of constant strain and temperature. Although this method can provide some useful data to a certain extent, it cannot comprehensively reflect the performance changes of viscoelastic materials under complex physical-chemical coupling conditions. In addition, there are also many problems in the design and operation of existing loading devices. For example, some devices have poor stability during the loading process, resulting in insufficient accuracy in measuring the loading strain. During the aging test, the initial strain value of the material may change due to the defects of the device, thus affecting the understanding of the performance degradation law. Moreover, traditional loading devices are often large in size and cumbersome to operate, which not only increases the cost and time of the test but also reduces the work efficiency.

[0004] The foregoing description is provided to give general background information and does not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, in order to address at least one of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an accelerated aging test device and method for viscoelastic materials, which can not only accurately control and measure the loading strain, but also maintain stable loading performance under different physical and chemical environments, and more accurately simulate the accelerated aging test of viscoelastic materials under complex physical-chemical coupling conditions.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials, including a driving module, a displacement moving module, and a fixture module, wherein the displacement moving module is respectively connected to the driving module and the fixture module;

[0007] The driving module is configured to issue a displacement control instruction, and output a corresponding displacement driving force according to the displacement control instruction to control the displacement of the displacement moving module, so as to drive the displacement moving module to move according to a preset displacement requirement;

[0008] The displacement movement module is configured to receive and execute the displacement control instruction, and control the viscoelastic material specimen to perform parallel displacement along a preset path during the test.

[0009] The fixture module is configured to fix and load the viscoelastic material specimen.

[0010] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the driving module includes a power supply, a driver, a controller, and a servo motor.

[0011] The power supply is configured to supply power to the servo motor and the controller.

[0012] The driver is configured to control the rotation speed and direction of the servo motor.

[0013] The controller is configured to control the working states of the driving module and the displacement movement module.

[0014] The servo motor is configured to drive the displacement movement module.

[0015] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the displacement movement module includes a coupling, a guide rail, and a guide rail slider.

[0016] The coupling is configured to connect the output shaft of the servo motor to the drive shaft of the guide rail.

[0017] The guide rail is configured to provide a displacement path for the viscoelastic material specimen to achieve the parallel displacement of the viscoelastic material specimen.

[0018] The guide rail slider is configured to slide on the guide rail.

[0019] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the fixture module includes an upper pulling head, an upper bracket, and a lower pulling head.

[0020] The upper pulling head is connected to the guide rail slider and is configured to fix one end of the viscoelastic material specimen.

[0021] The upper bracket is configured to fix the upper pulling head.

[0022] The lower pulling head is connected to the anti-collision block and is configured to fix the other end of the viscoelastic material specimen.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a method for accelerating the aging test of viscoelastic materials, which is executed on the viscoelastic material accelerating aging test device as described in the first aspect, and includes the following steps:

[0024] Install the viscoelastic material specimen in the viscoelastic material accelerating aging test device.

[0025] Control the displacement moving module through the driving module to perform constant strain loading on the viscoelastic material specimen;

[0026] Age the viscoelastic material specimen under constant temperature and humidity conditions;

[0027] Perform mechanical property tests on the aged viscoelastic material specimen;

[0028] Perform performance analysis on the viscoelastic material specimen to obtain a performance degradation evaluation result.

[0029] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the installation of the viscoelastic material specimen in the viscoelastic material accelerated aging test device includes:

[0030] Place the viscoelastic material specimen between the upper pulling head and the lower pulling head of the fixture module, and ensure that the central axis of the viscoelastic material specimen coincides with the center line of the guide rail;

[0031] Fix the position of the viscoelastic material specimen through the connecting screw between the upper pulling head and the guide rail slider.

[0032] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the control of the displacement moving module by the driving module to perform constant strain loading on the viscoelastic material includes:

[0033] Set the target displacement value through the controller and start the servo motor of the driving module;

[0034] Control the servo motor to drive the guide rail slider to move through the coupling and the guide rail system to perform constant displacement loading on the viscoelastic material specimen;

[0035] During the constant displacement loading process, monitor the displacement and stress changes of the viscoelastic material specimen in real time.

[0036] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the aging treatment of the viscoelastic material specimen under constant temperature and humidity conditions includes:

[0037] Put the viscoelastic material specimen after constant strain loading into a constant temperature and humidity chamber, and set the required temperature parameters and humidity parameters;

[0038] Start the heating system, refrigeration system, humidification system and dehumidification system of the constant temperature and humidity chamber to make the temperature and humidity in the chamber reach the set value;

[0039] During the aging process, regularly check the operating status of the constant temperature and humidity chamber.

[0040] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the mechanical property test on the aged viscoelastic material specimen includes:

[0041] Taking out the aged viscoelastic material specimen from the thermostatic and humidostatic chamber and placing it on a tensile testing machine;

[0042] According to the characteristics of the viscoelastic material and the experimental requirements, setting the tensile speed and the tensile force measurement range of the tensile testing machine;

[0043] Starting the tensile testing machine, conducting a uniaxial tensile test on the viscoelastic material specimen, and recording the tensile force and displacement data until the viscoelastic material specimen fractures.

[0044] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the performance analysis of the viscoelastic material specimen to obtain a performance degradation evaluation result includes:

[0045] Performing a mesoscopic morphology analysis on the fracture surface of the viscoelastic material specimen through an electron microscope scanner to obtain an appearance analysis result, where the appearance analysis result includes the crack propagation direction and the mesoscopic morphology distribution;

[0046] Performing a thermal analysis on the viscoelastic material specimen through a differential scanning calorimeter to obtain a thermal analysis result, where the thermal analysis result includes the thermal stability analysis result and the phase change behavior analysis result of the viscoelastic material specimen.

[0047] As described above, the present application provides a device and method for accelerating the aging test of viscoelastic materials. The device includes a driving module, a displacement moving module, and a fixture module. The displacement moving module is respectively connected to the driving module and the fixture module; the driving module is used to issue a displacement control instruction, and output a corresponding displacement driving force according to the displacement control instruction to control the displacement of the displacement moving module, so as to drive the displacement moving module to move according to the preset displacement requirement; the displacement moving module is used to receive and execute the displacement control instruction, and control the viscoelastic material specimen to perform a parallel displacement along a preset path during the test; the fixture module is used to fix and load the viscoelastic material specimen. Through the collaborative work of the driving module, the displacement moving module, and the fixture module, the present application can achieve precise loading and simulation characterization of the viscoelastic material specimen under complex physical-chemical coupling conditions, enabling the specimen to be loaded and moved according to the set displacement requirement during the experiment, which helps to reduce experimental errors and improve the accuracy of experimental results, thereby more accurately simulating the performance degradation process of viscoelastic materials under actual storage and use conditions. Compared with traditional test devices, the present application has higher displacement accuracy, stability, and applicability, can provide more reliable data support for the performance evaluation and life prediction of viscoelastic materials, and has important technical significance and application value. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0049] Among them:

[0050] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 2 is another schematic structural diagram of an accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixture module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 4 is another schematic structural diagram of an accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 5 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for an accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0056] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are only examples of systems and methods consistent with the examples detailed in the appended claims or some aspects of the present application.

[0057] It should be noted that in this text, descriptions such as "including", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. Thus, a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes such element. In addition, components, features, and elements with the same name in different embodiments of this application may have the same meaning or different meanings, and their specific meanings need to be determined based on their explanations in the specific embodiments or further in combination with the context in the specific embodiments.

[0058] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not used to limit this application.

[0059] In subsequent descriptions, the use of suffixes such as "module", "component" or "unit" to represent elements is only for the convenience of explaining this application, and they have no specific meaning in themselves. Therefore, "module", "component" or "unit" can be used interchangeably.

[0060] There are mainly two problems with existing loading devices. One is the internal cause, the design defect of the loading device itself: viscoelastic materials have viscoelasticity. In the current pre-strain accelerated thermal aging tests that have been carried out, researchers generally directly take out the test pieces loaded by traditional pre-strain fixtures from the aging chamber and then place them on a uniaxial tensile machine to carry out mechanical property tests in cooperation with tensile fixtures. However, such an approach will change the initially set strain value of the material. When the traditional pre-strain fixture is separated from the aging test piece, with the release of the pre-tightening force, the initially set pre-strain will inevitably change, thus causing cognitive deviations of researchers regarding the law of its performance degradation. Secondly, traditional loading devices are often bulky and large in volume. When the test volume is large, the capacity requirement for the constant temperature and humidity aging chamber increases significantly, but its overall space utilization rate is at a low level. The second is the external cause, the setting of loading conditions: the application of constant strain mainly relies on experimental personnel or servo motors. However, the error of manual stretching of constant strain is too large, and the direct connection installation of servo motors is troublesome. Moreover, viscoelastic materials have strain rate-related characteristics, and differences in loading rates will directly have an adverse impact on the accuracy of test results.

[0061] There are also obvious deficiencies in existing test methods. The coupling factors considered are too simple, only limited to the stress combination of humidity and temperature or the stress combination of constant strain and temperature, which is quite different from the actual loading conditions.

[0062] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a device and method for accelerating the aging test of viscoelastic materials, which can not only accurately control and measure the loading strain, but also maintain stable loading performance under different physical and chemical environments, and more accurately simulate the accelerated aging test of viscoelastic materials under complex physical-chemical coupling conditions.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic structural diagram of the device for accelerating the aging test of viscoelastic materials provided by the embodiments of the present application. The test device may specifically include a driving module 10, a displacement moving module 20, and a fixture module 30. The displacement moving module 20 is respectively connected to the driving module 10 and the fixture module 30. As Figure 2 shown, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the physical object of the device for accelerating the aging test of viscoelastic materials.

[0064] The driving module 10 is used to issue a displacement control instruction, and output a corresponding displacement driving force according to the displacement control instruction to control the displacement of the displacement moving module, so as to drive the displacement moving module to move according to the preset displacement requirement;

[0065] Specifically, for the driving module 10, as the core control unit of the entire test device, it is responsible for issuing displacement control instructions and providing corresponding displacement driving forces. The driving module generates corresponding displacement control instructions by receiving experimental parameters input by the operator, such as target displacement, loading speed, etc. The displacement control instructions are transmitted to the displacement moving module through the internal control system. The driving module outputs a corresponding displacement driving force according to the displacement control instructions to ensure that the displacement moving module can move according to the preset displacement requirement. The precise control ability of the driving module enables the specimen to be loaded and moved according to the set displacement requirement, thereby improving the accuracy and repeatability of the experiment. This precise displacement control provides a reliable basis for simulating the performance degradation of viscoelastic materials under complex physical-chemical coupling conditions and ensures the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0066] The displacement moving module 20 is used to receive and execute the displacement control instruction, and control the viscoelastic material specimen to perform parallel displacement along the preset path during the test;

[0067] Specifically, for the displacement movement module 20, it is used to receive and execute the displacement control instructions issued by the driving module, and control the viscoelastic material specimen to perform parallel displacement along a preset path during the experiment. The displacement movement module converts the displacement driving force provided by the driving module into the actual displacement of the specimen through its internal mechanical structure, such as guide rails and sliders. The guide rails provide a stable movement path for the specimen, ensuring that the specimen can move along a predetermined straight line direction during displacement, while the sliders slide on the guide rails, driving the specimen to achieve precise displacement. The high precision and stability of the displacement movement module ensure the straightness and stability of the specimen during displacement, avoiding experimental errors caused by displacement deviation. This precise displacement control helps to more accurately simulate the loaded state of viscoelastic materials under actual use conditions, improving the reliability and effectiveness of experimental results.

[0068] The fixture module 30 is used to fix and load the viscoelastic material specimen;

[0069] Specifically, for the fixture module 30, it is used to fix and load the viscoelastic material specimen, ensuring that the specimen can stably perform displacement and loading during the experiment. The fixture module firmly fixes the specimen in the test device through components such as its upper pull head, upper bracket, and lower pull head. The upper pull head is connected to the guide rail slider, and the lower pull head is connected to the anti-collision block, jointly achieving stable clamping and loading of the specimen. The design of the fixture module can adapt to specimens of different shapes and sizes, ensuring that the specimen is evenly stressed during displacement and loading. The stability and adaptability of the fixture module ensure the stable loading state of the specimen during the experiment, avoiding experimental errors caused by loose clamping or uneven loading. Such stable loading conditions help to more accurately evaluate the performance degradation of viscoelastic materials, improving the accuracy and reliability of experimental results.

[0070] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the driving module may specifically include a power supply, a driver, a controller, and a servo motor;

[0071] The power supply is used to supply power to the servo motor and the controller;

[0072] Specifically, for the power supply, it is mainly used to provide stable power support for the servo motor and the controller in the driving module. The power supply has a dual-voltage output function, providing 48V and 24V voltages respectively. Among them, the 48V high voltage is specifically used to supply power to the servo motor to meet the large power requirements of the motor when driving the guide rail movement; the 24V low voltage provides stable power support for the controller, ensuring that the controller can operate normally and precisely control various operations of the entire test device. The stability and dual-voltage output function of the power supply ensure the reliable operation of the driving module, avoiding motor and controller failures caused by unstable voltage or insufficient power supply, and improving the stability and reliability of the test device.

[0073] A driver for controlling the rotation speed and direction of a servo motor;

[0074] Specifically, the driver is mainly used to control the rotation speed and direction of the servo motor. The driver is closely connected to the servo motor and can accurately control the motor speed and rotation direction according to the instructions sent by the controller through advanced electronic speed regulation technology. The driver can steplessly adjust the motor speed within a wide speed range according to experimental requirements and has the characteristics of fast response, capable of changing the rotation direction of the motor in a short time. For example, from a low speed of 0.1 revolutions per minute to a high speed of 1000 revolutions per minute, and the accuracy of speed regulation can reach ±0.1 revolutions per minute. In terms of controlling the rotation direction, the driver can quickly change the rotation direction of the motor according to the instructions sent by the controller to achieve the forward or reverse movement of the guide rail slider, and the response time is less than 0.1 second. The precise control ability of the driver enables the servo motor to accurately adjust the rotation speed and direction according to experimental requirements, thereby achieving precise displacement control of the displacement movement module. This precise control improves the accuracy and flexibility of the experiment and can meet the test requirements under complex physical-chemical coupling conditions.

[0075] A controller for controlling the working states of the drive module and the displacement movement module;

[0076] Specifically, the controller, as the core control unit of the entire drive module, has multiple functions such as start control, speed control, and direction control. By setting experimental parameters and sending control signals, it can coordinate the work of the drive module and the displacement movement module. The controller also has an emergency braking function and can immediately stop the motor operation in case of emergencies to ensure experimental safety. For example, in terms of start control, the controller has a soft start function and can slowly increase the driving force of the motor during startup to avoid the impact of instantaneous large current on the motor and other components, extending the service life of the equipment. The speed control adopts a closed-loop feedback system, which monitors the actual speed of the motor in real time, compares it with the set speed, and continuously adjusts the output signal of the driver to ensure that the motor speed is always stable within ±0.5% of the set value. The direction control accurately sends forward or reverse rotation instructions to the driver according to different stages of the experimental process and also has an emergency braking function, capable of immediately stopping the motor operation in case of emergencies to ensure experimental safety. The intelligence and versatility of the controller make the experimental operation more convenient and safe. Through the precise control of the controller, it can ensure that the experimental device works according to the preset program and requirements, improving the automation degree and efficiency of the experiment.

[0077] A servo motor for driving the displacement movement module;

[0078] Specifically, for the servo motor, it is used to receive the control signal from the driver and convert the rotational motion of the motor into the linear motion of the displacement moving module. The servo motor has a high-precision encoder feedback system, which can real-time feedback the angular position and rotational speed information of the motor to the controller for precise position and speed control. The servo motor can provide sufficient torque for the displacement motion of the guide rail. Its torque output range can be adjusted between 1 - 100 N·m according to different experimental requirements, with high torque precision and the error controlled within ±3%. The motor adopts a high-precision encoder feedback system, which can real-time feedback the angular position and rotational speed information of the motor to the controller for precise position and speed control. The shell of the motor is made of aluminum alloy with good heat dissipation performance, which effectively reduces the temperature rise during long-term operation, ensures that the motor operates within a stable working temperature range, and improves the reliability and service life of the motor. The high-precision and high-response-speed characteristics of the servo motor enable the displacement moving module to achieve precise displacement control, ensuring that the specimen is loaded and moved according to the set displacement requirements during the experiment. This precise driving ability improves the accuracy and stability of the experiment and provides a reliable basis for simulating the performance degradation of viscoelastic materials.

[0079] Further, in some embodiments, the displacement moving module may specifically include a coupling, a guide rail, and a guide rail slider;

[0080] The coupling is used to connect the output shaft of the servo motor to the drive shaft of the guide rail;

[0081] Specifically, for the coupling, a high-strength elastic coupling is selected. Its function is to tightly connect the output shaft of the 86 servo motor to the drive shaft of the guide rail, effectively transmit the torque of the motor, and at the same time be able to compensate for the slight coaxiality deviation between the motor shaft and the guide rail shaft. The elastic element of the coupling is made of high-quality rubber material, which has good shock absorption and buffering performance, can reduce the influence of vibration and impact generated during motor operation on the guide rail and other components, and ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the guide rail movement. Its maximum torque transmission capacity can reach 120 N·m, which can meet the torque transmission requirements of this experimental device under various working conditions. The use of the coupling improves the stability and reliability of the transmission system, ensures that the power of the servo motor can be smoothly and accurately transmitted to the displacement moving module, and thus guarantees the accuracy and stability of the specimen displacement.

[0082] The guide rail is used to provide a displacement path for the viscoelastic material specimen to achieve the parallel displacement of the viscoelastic material specimen;

[0083] Specifically, for the guide rail, this embodiment uses a high-precision linear guide rail with an extremely low friction coefficient, usually between 0.001 and 0.005, which enables the guide rail slider to slide extremely smoothly on the guide rail, reducing energy loss and movement resistance. The straightness error of the guide rail is controlled within ±0.01 mm / m to ensure the straight-line movement accuracy of the guide rail slider during movement. The surface of the guide rail undergoes special hardening treatment, and the hardness can reach HRC58 - 62, having good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, being able to withstand long-term frequent use without easy wear, and ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the experimental device. The length of the guide rail can be customized according to experimental requirements. For example, in this viscoelastic material experiment, a guide rail with a length of 1000 mm is selected, which is sufficient to meet the displacement requirements of the material during the stretching process. The high-precision and low-friction characteristics of the guide rail enable the guide rail slider to achieve extremely smooth and accurate linear movement on the guide rail, reducing energy loss and movement resistance, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the specimen displacement. At the same time, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the guide rail extend the service life of the equipment and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0084] The guide rail slider is used to slide on the guide rail;

[0085] Specifically, for the guide rail slider, it is used in conjunction with the guide rail to achieve precise parallel displacement. The guide rail slider adopts a ball slider structure, and the internal balls are made of high-precision bearing steel, having good load-bearing capacity and movement flexibility. The load-bearing capacity of the slider is selected according to the actual situation. The pre-tightening force between the slider and the guide rail is precisely adjusted, which not only ensures the stable operation of the slider on the guide rail without loosening or shaking, but also keeps the resistance of the slider at a relatively low level during movement, facilitating the controller to accurately control its displacement. The design of the guide rail slider enables the specimen to achieve precise displacement on the guide rail, with strong load-bearing capacity and flexible movement, and can adapt to the displacement requirements of specimens of different sizes and weights. The low-resistance characteristic of the slider also helps to reduce energy loss and improve the accuracy and efficiency of displacement control.

[0086] Further, in some embodiments, the fixture module may specifically include an upper pull head, an upper bracket, and a lower pull head;

[0087] The upper pull head is connected to the guide rail slider and is used to fix one end of the viscoelastic material specimen;

[0088] Specifically, for the upper pull head, it is reliably connected to the guide rail slider by screws. The connection part is specially designed to ensure a firm and gapless connection between the upper pull head and the guide rail slider, avoiding loosening or displacement deviation during the experiment. The shape and size of the upper pull head are customized according to the shape of the viscoelastic material specimen and the experimental requirements. For example, for a dumbbell-shaped viscoelastic material specimen, the upper pull head is designed as a matching dumbbell-shaped fixture, and the surface of the fixture is treated with anti-slip measures, such as machining fine patterns or inlaying rubber anti-slip strips, to prevent relative sliding between the specimen and the fixture during the stretching process. As Figure 3 shown, Figure 3 Figure 4 is a physical schematic diagram of the fixture module. In this embodiment, the design of the upper pull head ensures the stable fixation of one end of the specimen during displacement and loading, preventing the specimen from displacing or sliding during the experiment, thus ensuring the accuracy and stability of the experiment. Its anti-slip treatment can also effectively reduce the friction error between the specimen and the fixture, improving the reliability of the experimental results.

[0089] The upper bracket is used to fix the upper pull head;

[0090] Specifically, for the upper bracket, it provides a stable support structure for the upper pull head. It is installed on the fixed frame of the experimental device, with a fixed and immovable position. The upper bracket is made of welded steel structure, and the welding stress is eliminated through annealing treatment, having good structural stability and anti-deformation ability. The upper bracket and the upper pull head are connected by adjustable nuts. When installing the viscoelastic material specimen, the height and horizontal position of the upper pull head can be finely adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the nuts to better adapt to specimens of different sizes. At the same time, during the experiment, tightening the nuts can ensure no relative sliding between the upper pull head and the upper bracket, guaranteeing the accurate transmission of the experimental force. The stability and adjustability of the upper bracket ensure the accurate and stable fixed position of the upper pull head, which can adapt to specimens of different sizes and shapes, improving the adaptability and flexibility of the experimental device. Its good structural stability can also effectively prevent the upper pull head from deforming or displacing during the experiment, further ensuring the stability and reliability of the experiment.

[0091] The lower pull head is connected to the anti-collision block and is used to fix the other end of the viscoelastic material specimen.

[0092] Specifically, for the lower pull head, it is connected to the anti-collision block. The design of the lower pull head matches that of the upper pull head, and they work together to clamp the viscoelastic material specimen. The lower pull head is also made of aluminum alloy, and its surface treatment method is the same as that of the upper pull head to ensure good anti-slip performance. The connection between the lower pull head and the anti-collision block adopts an elastic connection method, such as being connected through a rubber buffer. In this way, during the experiment, when the tensile force is too large or an unexpected situation occurs, the anti-collision block can play a buffering and protective role, preventing the lower pull head from colliding hard with other components and being damaged. The position of the lower pull head can be finely adjusted according to the experimental requirements. For example, by setting an adjustable positioning device on the guide rail, it can accurately cooperate with the upper pull head to accurately place the standard viscoelastic material specimen into the fixture. The design of the lower pull head ensures that the other end of the specimen is fixed stably during displacement and loading, and works together with the upper pull head to achieve stable clamping of the specimen. Its elastic connection with the anti-collision block can also effectively prevent the specimen from being damaged by accidental impacts during the experiment, improving the safety and reliability of the experiment. The adjustability of the lower pull head also enables the experimental device to adapt to specimens of different sizes and shapes, enhancing the applicability and flexibility of the experimental device.

[0093] As Figure 4 shown, Figure 4 Figure 2 is another physical schematic diagram of the accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials provided in this embodiment.

[0094] It can be seen that for an accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials provided in an embodiment of the present application, through the coordinated work of the drive module and the displacement movement module, precise displacement control of the viscoelastic material specimen can be achieved, ensuring that the specimen is loaded and moved according to the preset displacement requirements during the experiment. This precise displacement control helps to reduce experimental errors and improve the accuracy of experimental results; the design of the fixture module can ensure the stable loading state of the specimen during the experiment, avoiding experimental errors caused by insecure clamping or uneven loading. Stable loading conditions help to more accurately evaluate the performance degradation of viscoelastic materials and improve the reliability of experimental results.

[0095] Correspondingly, this embodiment also provides a method for accelerating the aging test of viscoelastic materials. Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 Figure 3 is a flowchart of a method for accelerating the aging test of viscoelastic materials provided in this embodiment. This test method is executed on the accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials described above. The specific process of this test method is as follows:

[0096] S1. Install the viscoelastic material specimen in the accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials;

[0097] Specifically, before step S1, the experimenter must wear clean gloves before operation to prevent impurities such as stains and grease on the hands from contaminating the viscoelastic material specimen and affecting the accuracy of the experimental results. Check whether all components of the experimental device are in normal working condition, including the power supply, driver, controller, and 86 servo motor of the drive module, the coupling, guide rail, and guide rail slider of the displacement movement module, and the upper pull head, upper bracket, and lower pull head of the fixture module. Ensure that the surface of the guide rail is clean without debris and the fixture is firmly connected without looseness.

[0098] S2. Control the displacement movement module through the drive module to perform constant strain loading on the viscoelastic material specimen;

[0099] Specifically, control the displacement movement module through the drive module to apply a constant strain to the viscoelastic material specimen and simulate its loaded state under actual use conditions.

[0100] S3. Age the viscoelastic material specimen under constant temperature and humidity conditions;

[0101] Specifically, age the viscoelastic material specimen under constant temperature and humidity conditions to simulate its aging process during actual storage and use.

[0102] S4. Conduct mechanical property tests on the aged viscoelastic material specimen;

[0103] Specifically, conduct mechanical property tests on the aged viscoelastic material specimen to evaluate its performance changes during the aging process.

[0104] S5. Analyze the performance of the viscoelastic material specimen to obtain the performance degradation evaluation result.

[0105] Specifically, conduct macroscopic and microscopic analyses on the viscoelastic material specimen to obtain the performance degradation evaluation result.

[0106] In a specific embodiment, the experimental process is divided into three steps. The first step is to apply a constant strain load to the viscoelastic material. The second step is to place the viscoelastic material specimen under the constant strain load into a thermo-hygrostat chamber. The third step is to conduct a uniaxial tensile test to measure its mechanical properties, and then conduct a macro-micro analysis of the viscoelastic material. For the first step, the specific operation is to first install the viscoelastic material onto the fixture. Note that gloves need to be worn at this time to avoid contaminating the material with stains on the hands. Apply a constant displacement load. For example, if the viscoelastic material is 70 mm long and has a 9% constant strain, we need a constant displacement of 6.3 mm to achieve a 9% constant strain load. At this time, the displacement number will be displayed on the controller. Move to the distance you need to ensure that the required displacement for the experiment is reached, guaranteeing the accuracy and reliability of the experimental displacement. When the required displacement is reached, tighten the nut between the upper pull head and the upper bracket to ensure there is no relative sliding. Then remove the fixture from the guide rail. For the second step, turn on the thermo-hygrostat chamber and adjust it to the set temperature and humidity. After it stabilizes, place the fixture with the constant strain obtained in the first step into the thermo-hygrostat chamber. After the predetermined time, take out the fixture and let it stand flat until it cools down to room temperature. During this period, always pay attention to the operation of the thermo-hygrostat chamber to avoid situations where the thermo-hygrostat chamber stops running due to power failure or water shortage. For the third step, remove the bolts at the connection part between the upper and lower fixtures so that the fixtures can be separated up and down during the tensile operation. Install the fixture on the tensile testing machine and conduct a uniaxial tensile test to obtain its mechanical properties. Finally, take the broken viscoelastic material for analysis, and use an electron microscope scanner and a differential scanning calorimeter to analyze it.

[0107] Further, in some embodiments, step S1 "install the viscoelastic material specimen in the viscoelastic material accelerated aging test device" may specifically include:

[0108] S11. Place the viscoelastic material specimen between the upper pull head and the lower pull head of the fixture module, and ensure that the central axis of the viscoelastic material specimen coincides with the center line of the guide rail;

[0109] S12. Fix the position of the viscoelastic material specimen through the connecting screws between the upper pull head and the guide rail slider.

[0110] Specifically, for step S1, the viscoelastic material specimen is carefully placed between the upper pulling head and the lower pulling head, and the position of the specimen is adjusted so that its central axis coincides with the center line of the guide rail, ensuring uniform stress during the stretching process. Then, use a tool to initially tighten the connecting screws between the upper pulling head and the guide rail slider, but do not fully tighten them to facilitate subsequent displacement adjustment. By correctly placing and firmly fixing the viscoelastic material specimen in the test device, a stable foundation is provided for subsequent experimental operations. This precise installation method can effectively reduce experimental errors, improve the accuracy and reliability of experimental results, and ensure the smooth progress of the experiment. At the same time, it also provides strong data support for the performance evaluation and life prediction of viscoelastic materials, helping to more accurately simulate the performance changes of materials under actual use conditions.

[0111] Further, in some embodiments, step S2, "Controlling the displacement moving module to perform constant strain loading on the viscoelastic material through the driving module", may specifically include:

[0112] S21. Set the target displacement value through the controller and start the servo motor of the driving module;

[0113] S22. Control the servo motor to drive the guide rail slider to move through the coupling and the guide rail system to perform constant displacement loading on the viscoelastic material specimen;

[0114] S23. During the constant displacement loading process, monitor the displacement and stress changes of the viscoelastic material specimen in real time.

[0115] Specifically, for step S2, calculate the required displacement according to the original length of the viscoelastic material specimen and the set constant strain value. For example, given that the viscoelastic material is 70 mm long and the set constant strain value is 9%, then according to the formula: displacement = original length × constant strain value, the required constant displacement is calculated to be 6.3 mm. Set the target displacement value to 6.3 mm on the controller and start the driving module. The servo motor starts to rotate, drives the guide rail slider to move through the coupling, thereby realizing the displacement stretching of the upper pulling head relative to the lower pulling head. During the stretching process, the controller monitors the displacement data of the guide rail slider in real time and displays the current displacement value on the display screen. The experimenter closely observes the displacement display on the controller. When the displacement approaches the target value of 6.3 mm, reduce the motor speed to reach the target displacement in a slow and precise manner. When the displacement reaches 6.3 mm, stop the motor operation. At this time, the distance between the upper pulling head and the lower pulling head is the position for achieving 9% constant strain loading.

[0116] It should be noted that during the experiment, after monitoring the displacement data, this embodiment uses a wireless transmission mode to transmit the displacement data to the controller, avoiding errors caused by the wires used in the wired transmission mode for the monitoring and measurement of displacement data, thereby further improving the accuracy and reliability of the experiment.

[0117] In addition, after the displacement reaches the requirement, use a wrench to tighten the nut between the upper pulling head and the upper bracket according to the specified torque value to ensure that there is no relative sliding between the upper pulling head and the upper bracket, and ensure the stability of the constant strain state during the subsequent experiment. After tightening the nut, check the connection between the upper pulling head, the upper bracket, the lower pulling head and the viscoelastic material specimen again. After confirming that everything is normal, carefully remove the fixture from the guide rail and prepare for the next operation.

[0118] This embodiment realizes precise and stable loading of the viscoelastic material specimen by setting the target displacement value through the controller, driving the guide rail slider to move by the servo motor for constant displacement loading, and real-time monitoring of the displacement and stress changes. This method can simulate the constant strain state of the viscoelastic material under actual use conditions, providing important experimental data and information for studying its performance degradation. At the same time, the real-time monitoring function improves the safety and reliability of the experiment, ensures the accuracy and effectiveness of the experimental results, and provides strong technical support for the performance evaluation and life prediction of the viscoelastic material.

[0119] Furthermore, in some embodiments, step S3 "aging the viscoelastic material specimen under constant temperature and humidity conditions" may specifically include:

[0120] S31. Put the viscoelastic material specimen after constant strain loading into a constant temperature and humidity chamber, and set the required temperature parameters and humidity parameters;

[0121] S32. Start the heating system, refrigeration system, humidification system and dehumidification system of the constant temperature and humidity chamber to make the temperature and humidity in the chamber reach the set value;

[0122] S33. During the aging process, regularly check the operating status of the constant temperature and humidity chamber.

[0123] Specifically, for step S3, turn on the power of the constant temperature and humidity chamber, and set the temperature and humidity parameters on the control panel according to the experimental requirements. For example, set the temperature to 25 °C and the humidity to 60% RH. After setting, start the heating, refrigeration, humidification and dehumidification systems of the constant temperature and humidity chamber to make it start working and reach the stable state of the set temperature and humidity. During this process, closely observe the operating status of the constant temperature and humidity chamber, check whether the temperature and humidity sensors are working properly, and whether the heating, refrigeration, humidification and dehumidification elements are operating normally to ensure that the temperature and humidity can be stabilized at the set value.

[0124] After the temperature and humidity in the thermostatic and humidistatic chamber become stable, open the chamber door, gently place the fixed strain fixture obtained in the first step at the designated position inside the thermostatic and humidistatic chamber, and then close the chamber door. During the process of placing the fixture into the chamber, avoid colliding with other components inside the chamber to ensure that the placement position of the fixture is accurate and stable. Record the time when the fixture is placed into the thermostatic and humidistatic chamber. According to the predetermined experimental time, open the chamber door again after the time has elapsed, and carefully take out the fixture. The taken-out fixture should be placed flat on the special cooling table in the laboratory and allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. During the cooling process, keep the surrounding environment clean and quiet to avoid the influence of external factors on the fixture and the specimen. At the same time, during the entire operation of the thermostatic and humidistatic chamber, always pay attention to its operation status, regularly check whether the power supply is normal and whether there is enough water in the water tank to prevent abnormal situations such as power failure and water shortage in the thermostatic and humidistatic chamber, which may lead to the interruption or failure of the experiment.

[0125] By aging the viscoelastic material specimens under thermostatic and humidistatic conditions, the aging process during their actual storage and use can be simulated, providing important experimental data for studying their performance degradation. The precise environmental control and regular inspection mechanism of the thermostatic and humidistatic chamber ensure the stability and reliability of the aging treatment, improving the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental results. This method provides strong technical support for the performance evaluation and life prediction of viscoelastic materials, helping to better understand and predict the performance changes of materials during actual use.

[0126] Furthermore, in some embodiments, step S4 "performing mechanical property tests on the aged viscoelastic material specimens" may specifically include:

[0127] S41. Take out the aged viscoelastic material specimens from the thermostatic and humidistatic chamber and place them on the tensile testing machine.

[0128] S42. According to the characteristics of the viscoelastic material and the experimental requirements, set the tensile speed and the tensile force measurement range of the tensile testing machine.

[0129] S43. Start the tensile testing machine, perform a uniaxial tensile test on the viscoelastic material specimens, and record the tensile force and displacement data until the viscoelastic material specimens break.

[0130] Specifically, for step S4, after the fixture has cooled to room temperature, first install the fixture at the corresponding fixture installation position on the tensile testing machine to ensure that the fixture is firmly installed and the position is accurate. After the installation is completed, check whether the parameter settings of the tensile testing machine are correct, including the tensile speed, the tensile force measurement range, etc., and make reasonable settings according to the characteristics of the viscoelastic material and the experimental requirements. For example, set the tensile speed to 100 mm / min. Then, remove the bolts at the connection part of the upper and lower fixtures so that the fixture can be separated up and down during the tensile operation. During the process of removing the bolts, pay attention to saving the bolts to avoid loss.

[0131] Start the stretching machine and begin the uniaxial tensile test. The stretching machine slowly applies tensile force to the viscoelastic material specimen according to the set stretching speed. During the stretching process, the stretching machine measures and records the tensile force and the displacement data of the specimen in real time. The experimenter closely observes the changes in the specimen during the stretching process and pays attention to whether there are any abnormal phenomena, such as abnormal fracture positions of the specimen and sudden changes in the tensile force. When the specimen is broken, the stretching machine automatically stops stretching and saves all the data of this test, including the tensile force-displacement curve, etc.

[0132] In this embodiment, the mechanical properties of the aged viscoelastic material specimen are tested, which can comprehensively evaluate the degradation of its mechanical properties during the aging process. Through reasonable parameter settings and accurate data recording, a complete mechanical property curve of the specimen after aging is obtained, providing important information for understanding the mechanism of material property degradation and predicting its service life.

[0133] Furthermore, in some embodiments, step S5 "Perform performance analysis on the viscoelastic material specimen to obtain a performance degradation evaluation result" includes:

[0134] S51. Conduct a microscopic morphology analysis of the fracture surface of the viscoelastic material specimen using an electron microscope scanner to obtain a morphological analysis result, which includes the crack propagation direction and the distribution of microscopic morphology;

[0135] S52. Conduct a thermal analysis of the viscoelastic material specimen using a differential scanning calorimeter to obtain a thermal analysis result, which includes the thermal stability analysis result and the phase change behavior analysis result of the viscoelastic material specimen.

[0136] Specifically, for step S5, carefully take out the broken viscoelastic material specimen from the fixture, and use an electron microscope scanner to conduct a microscopic morphology analysis of the fracture surface of the specimen to observe the microscopic structural characteristics of the fracture surface, such as the crack propagation direction and the distribution of microscopic morphology, in order to understand the microscopic failure mechanism of the material during the stretching process. At the same time, use a differential scanning calorimeter to conduct a thermal analysis of the specimen, measure the enthalpy change of the material at different temperatures, and analyze the macroscopic thermal properties such as the thermal stability and phase change behavior of the material. Through the macro-microscopic analysis of the viscoelastic material, comprehensively and deeply understand the mechanical properties and internal structural characteristics of the material, providing strong data support for further research and application.

[0137] The above is the process flow of the method for accelerating the aging test of viscoelastic materials in this application.

[0138] In summary, the accelerated aging test method for viscoelastic materials provided in this embodiment comprehensively evaluates the performance degradation of viscoelastic materials under complex physical-chemical coupling conditions through a series of orderly steps. From the installation of specimens, constant strain loading, aging treatment to mechanical property testing and performance analysis, each step provides important data and information for the final performance degradation evaluation. This method can more accurately simulate the performance changes of viscoelastic materials under actual storage and use conditions, improve the accuracy and reliability of experimental results, and provide strong technical support for the performance evaluation, life prediction and material improvement of viscoelastic materials, with important technical significance and application value.

[0139] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, if the above test method is implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes. In this way, the embodiments of the present application are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0140] Correspondingly, the embodiments of the present application also disclose a storage medium storing a computer program that can be loaded and executed by a processor for the above-mentioned accelerated aging test method for viscoelastic materials.

[0141] The embodiments of the present application also disclose a computer device, as Figure 6 shown, including a processor 100, at least one communication bus 200, a user interface 300, at least one external communication interface 400, and a memory 500. Among them, the processor 100 is used to provide computing and control capabilities, the communication bus 200 is configured to enable connection communication between these components, the user interface 300 may include a display screen, the external communication interface 400 may include standard wired and wireless interfaces, and the memory 500 stores the method for the accelerated aging test of viscoelastic materials. Among them, the processor 100 is further used to execute the steps of the method for the accelerated aging test of viscoelastic materials stored in the memory 500.

[0142] Optionally, in some embodiments, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0143] Install a viscoelastic material specimen in a viscoelastic material accelerated aging test device; control the displacement moving module through the driving module to perform constant strain loading on the viscoelastic material specimen; perform aging treatment on the viscoelastic material specimen under constant temperature and humidity conditions; perform mechanical property tests on the aged viscoelastic material specimen; perform performance analysis on the viscoelastic material specimen to obtain a performance degradation evaluation result.

[0144] It should be understood that the "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" that appears throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application above are only for description and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0145] It should be noted that in this article, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0146] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there can be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling or communication connection between the components shown or discussed with each other can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0147] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units; some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0148] In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application may all be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a combination of hardware and software functional units.

[0149] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The foregoing program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps including the above method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes: removable storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical discs and other various media that can store program codes.

[0150] Alternatively, if the above-mentioned integrated units of the present application are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a device to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. And the foregoing storage medium includes: removable storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical discs and other various media that can store program codes.

[0151] The above disclosure is only for the preferred embodiments of the present application, and of course it cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application still fall within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. An accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials, characterized in that: It includes a driving module, a displacement module and a fixture module, wherein the displacement module is connected to the driving module and the fixture module respectively; The driving module is used to issue a displacement control instruction, and output a corresponding displacement driving force according to the displacement control instruction to control the displacement of the displacement moving module, so as to drive the displacement moving module to move according to a preset displacement requirement; The displacement movement module is used to receive and execute the displacement control instruction to control the viscoelastic material specimen to perform parallel displacement along a preset path during the test; The fixture module is used to fix and load the viscoelastic material specimen.

2. The accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving module includes a power supply, a driver, a controller and a servo motor; The power supply is used to supply power to the servo motor and the controller; The driver is used to control the rotation speed and direction of the servo motor; The controller is used to control the working states of the driving module and the displacement movement module; The servo motor is used to drive the displacement moving module.

3. The accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The displacement movement module includes a coupling, a guide rail and a guide rail slider; The coupling is used to connect the output shaft of the servo motor with the drive shaft of the guide rail; The guide rail is used to provide a displacement path for the viscoelastic material specimen to achieve parallel displacement of the viscoelastic material specimen; The guide rail slider is used to slide on the guide rail.

4. The accelerated aging test device for viscoelastic materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamp module includes an upper pull head, an upper bracket and a lower pull head; The upper pull head is connected to the guide rail slider and is used to fix one end of the viscoelastic material specimen; The upper bracket is used to fix the upper slider; The lower pull head is connected to the anti-collision block and is used to fix the other end of the viscoelastic material specimen.

5. A method for accelerated aging test of viscoelastic materials, performed by the accelerated aging test device of viscoelastic materials as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: Installing a viscoelastic material specimen in the viscoelastic material accelerated aging test device; Controlling the displacement movement module through the driving module to perform constant strain loading on the viscoelastic material specimen; Performing an aging treatment on the viscoelastic material specimen under constant temperature and humidity conditions; Conducting mechanical property testing on the aged viscoelastic material specimen; The performance of the viscoelastic material specimen is analyzed to obtain a performance degradation evaluation result.

6. The accelerated aging test method for viscoelastic materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of installing the viscoelastic material specimen in the viscoelastic material accelerated aging test device comprises: Placing the viscoelastic material specimen between the upper pull head and the lower pull head of the fixture module, and ensuring that the central axis of the viscoelastic material specimen coincides with the central line of the guide rail; The position of the viscoelastic material specimen is fixed by connecting screws between the upper pull head and the guide rail slider.

7. The accelerated aging test method for viscoelastic materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of controlling the displacement movement module by the driving module to load the viscoelastic material with a constant strain comprises: The target displacement value is set through the controller, and the servo motor of the drive module is started; Controlling the servo motor to drive the guide rail slider to move through the coupling and the guide rail system, so as to perform constant displacement loading on the viscoelastic material specimen; During the constant displacement loading process, the displacement and stress changes of the viscoelastic material specimen are monitored in real time.

8. The accelerated aging test method for viscoelastic materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The aging treatment of the viscoelastic material specimen under constant temperature and humidity conditions comprises: Putting the viscoelastic material specimen after constant strain loading into a constant temperature and humidity chamber, and setting the required temperature parameters and humidity parameters; Starting the heating system, cooling system, humidification system and dehumidification system of the constant temperature and humidity chamber to make the temperature and humidity in the chamber reach the set values; During the aging process, the operating status of the constant temperature and humidity chamber is checked regularly.

9. The accelerated aging test method for viscoelastic materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of testing the mechanical properties of the aged viscoelastic material specimen comprises: Taking out the aged viscoelastic material specimen from the constant temperature and humidity chamber and placing it on a tensile testing machine; According to the viscoelastic material properties and experimental requirements, the stretching speed and stretching force measurement range of the stretching tester are set; The tensile testing machine is started to perform a uniaxial tensile test on the viscoelastic material specimen, and the tensile force and displacement data are recorded until the viscoelastic material specimen breaks.

10. The accelerated aging test method for viscoelastic materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The performing of performance analysis on the viscoelastic material specimen to obtain a performance degradation evaluation result includes: Performing a mesoscopic morphology analysis on the fracture of the viscoelastic material specimen by means of an electron microscope scanner to obtain an appearance analysis result, wherein the appearance analysis result includes a crack propagation direction and a mesoscopic morphology distribution; The viscoelastic material specimen is thermally analyzed by a differential scanning calorimeter to obtain thermal analysis results, which include thermal stability analysis results and phase change behavior analysis results of the viscoelastic material specimen.

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