Charging and discharging method of lithium ion battery, electronic equipment, driving equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, particularly provides a charging and discharging method of a lithium ion battery, electronic equipment, driving equipment and a medium, and aims to solve the problem of how to improve the energy density and the cycle life of the lithium ion battery. In order to achieve the purpose, the lithium ion battery comprises a first material, the first material is a capacity compensation material, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, performing conventional charge-discharge circulation on the lithium ion battery to obtain the discharge capacity of the lithium ion battery; s2, when the discharge amount is lower than a first threshold value, performing a first charging process on the lithium ion battery based on a preset condition, and when it is judged that the charge amount is greater than or equal to a second threshold value, performing a conventional charge-discharge cycle; s3, repeatedly executing the steps S1 to S2 until the first material is used up; wherein the preset condition at least comprises a first multiplying power, and the first charging process comprises constant-current charging based on the first multiplying power. According to the embodiment, the attenuation phenomenon of the battery in the early stage of use can be avoided, and the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly to a charging and discharging method for a lithium-ion battery, an electronic device, a driving device, and a medium. Background Art

[0002] Due to its outstanding advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and high energy conversion efficiency, lithium-ion batteries have become the mainstream batteries for portable consumer digital products such as mobile phones, cameras, and laptop computers. At the same time, they are also widely used in fields such as electric vehicles, artificial intelligence, two-wheel vehicles, drones, smart grids, and home energy storage.

[0003] In recent years, with the continuous increase in the demand for products such as portable consumer electronic products and electric vehicles, the market has also put forward higher requirements for the energy density and cycle life of lithium-ion batteries. In addition, the capacity of lithium-ion batteries will decay during use, affecting the energy density and cycle life of the batteries.

[0004] Correspondingly, a new technical solution is needed in this field to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above defects, this application is proposed to provide a capacity compensation method, an electronic device, and a storage medium for a lithium-ion battery that solve or at least partially solve the technical problem of how to improve the energy density and cycle life of a lithium-ion battery.

[0006] In a first aspect, a charging and discharging method for a lithium-ion battery is provided. The lithium-ion battery includes a first material, and the first material is a capacity compensation material. The method includes:

[0007] S1. Obtain the discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery by performing a conventional charge and discharge cycle on the lithium-ion battery.

[0008] S2. When the discharge capacity is lower than a first threshold, perform a first charging process on the lithium-ion battery based on preset conditions. When the charging is greater than or equal to a second threshold, perform the conventional charge and discharge cycle.

[0009] S3. Repeat S1 - S2 until the first material is used up.

[0010] Wherein, the preset conditions at least include a first rate, and the first charging process includes constant current charging based on the first rate.

[0011] In a technical solution of the above charging and discharging method for a lithium-ion battery, the preset conditions further include an upper limit voltage, and the first charging process further includes constant voltage charging based on the upper limit voltage. The performing the first charging process on the lithium-ion battery based on the preset conditions includes:

[0012] When the cut-off voltage for constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first magnification is the upper limit voltage, and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage based on the upper limit voltage until the charge amount is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0013] In a technical solution of the above charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery, the preset condition further includes a protection voltage, the protection voltage is less than the upper limit voltage, and the first charging process further includes constant voltage charging based on the protection voltage; the first charging process of the lithium-ion battery based on the preset condition further includes:

[0014] When the cut-off voltage for constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first magnification is the protection voltage, and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage based on the protection voltage until the charge amount is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0015] In a technical solution of the above charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery, the protection voltage includes a first protection voltage and a second protection voltage, the first protection voltage is less than the second protection voltage, the preset condition further includes a second magnification, and the first charging process further includes constant current charging based on the second magnification; the first charging process of the lithium-ion battery based on the preset condition further includes:

[0016] When the cut-off voltage for constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first magnification is the first protection voltage, and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage based on the first protection voltage;

[0017] When the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage based on the first protection voltage, and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current based on the second magnification;

[0018] When the cut-off voltage for constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the second magnification is the second protection voltage, and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage based on the second protection voltage.

[0019] In a technical solution of the above charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery, the preset condition further includes a third magnification, and the first charging process further includes constant current charging based on the third magnification; the first charging process of the lithium-ion battery based on the preset condition further includes:

[0020] When the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage based on the protection voltage and the amount of charge is less than the second threshold;

[0021] The lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current based on the third rate until the amount of charge is greater than or equal to the second threshold, or the charging cut-off voltage for charging the lithium-ion battery at a constant current based on the third rate is the upper limit voltage.

[0022] In one technical solution of the above charge-discharge method of the lithium-ion battery, the method further includes:

[0023] If the number of times of charging to the upper limit voltage based on the first rate or the third rate reaches a preset number and the amount of charge is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the first material is used up;

[0024] and / or,

[0025] If the duration of charging to the upper limit voltage based on the first rate or the third rate reaches a second duration and the amount of charge is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the first material is used up.

[0026] In one technical solution of the above charge-discharge method of the lithium-ion battery, the method further includes:

[0027] Compare the cumulative compensation capacity with the maximum compensation capacity of the first material to determine whether the first material is used up;

[0028] After the first material is used up, continue to perform the conventional charge-discharge cycle on the lithium-ion battery.

[0029] In one technical solution of the above charge-discharge method of the lithium-ion battery, the first material is added to the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery, and the method further includes:

[0030] Based on the mass of the first material, the specific capacity of the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery, the irreversible specific capacity of the first material, and the compensation efficiency of the first material, obtain the maximum compensation capacity of the first material;

[0031] Wherein, the compensation efficiency of the first material is the ratio of the theoretical compensation capacity of the first material to the actual compensation capacity.

[0032] In a second aspect, there is provided an electronic device, which includes a processor and a storage device. The storage device is adapted to store multiple program codes, and the program codes are adapted to be loaded and run by the processor to execute the charge-discharge method of the lithium-ion battery according to any one of the technical solutions in the above technical solutions of the charge-discharge method of the lithium-ion battery.

[0033] In a third aspect, a driving device is provided, which includes a driving device body and an electronic device according to the technical solution of the above-mentioned electronic device.

[0034] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which multiple program codes are stored, and the program codes are adapted to be loaded and run by a processor to execute the charging and discharging method of a lithium-ion battery according to any one of the technical solutions of the above-mentioned charging and discharging method of a lithium-ion battery.

[0035] Solution 1. A charging and discharging method of a lithium-ion battery, characterized in that the lithium-ion battery includes a first material, and the first material is a capacity compensation material. The method includes:

[0036] S1. By performing a conventional charge and discharge cycle on the lithium-ion battery, obtaining the discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery;

[0037] S2. When the discharge capacity is lower than a first threshold, performing a first charging process on the lithium-ion battery based on a preset condition, and when the charging amount is greater than or equal to a second threshold, performing the conventional charge and discharge cycle;

[0038] S3. Repeating S1-S2 until the first material is used up;

[0039] Wherein, the preset condition at least includes a first rate, and the first charging process includes constant current charging based on the first rate.

[0040] Solution 2. The charging and discharging method of a lithium-ion battery according to Solution 1, characterized in that the preset condition further includes an upper limit voltage, and the first charging process further includes constant voltage charging based on the upper limit voltage; the performing the first charging process on the lithium-ion battery based on the preset condition includes:

[0041] When the cut-off voltage of constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first rate is the upper limit voltage and the charging amount is less than the second threshold, performing constant voltage charging on the lithium-ion battery based on the upper limit voltage until the charging amount is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0042] Solution 3. The charging and discharging method of a lithium-ion battery according to Solution 2, characterized in that the preset condition further includes a protection voltage, the protection voltage is less than the upper limit voltage, and the first charging process further includes constant voltage charging based on the protection voltage; the performing the first charging process on the lithium-ion battery based on the preset condition further includes:

[0043] When the cut-off voltage for constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first magnification is the protection voltage, and the amount of charge is less than the second threshold, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage based on the protection voltage until the amount of charge is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0044] Solution 4. The charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery according to Solution 3, characterized in that the protection voltage includes a first protection voltage and a second protection voltage, the first protection voltage is less than the second protection voltage, the preset condition further includes a second magnification, and the first charging process further includes constant current charging based on the second magnification; the first charging process of the lithium-ion battery based on the preset condition further includes:

[0045] When the cut-off voltage for constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first magnification is the first protection voltage, and the amount of charge is less than the second threshold, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage based on the first protection voltage;

[0046] When the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage based on the first protection voltage, and the amount of charge is less than the second threshold, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current based on the second magnification;

[0047] When the cut-off voltage for constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the second magnification is the second protection voltage, and the amount of charge is less than the second threshold, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage based on the second protection voltage.

[0048] Solution 5. The charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery according to Solution 3 or 4, characterized in that the preset condition further includes a third magnification, and the first charging process further includes constant current charging based on the third magnification; the first charging process of the lithium-ion battery based on the preset condition further includes:

[0049] When the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage based on the protection voltage, and the amount of charge is less than the second threshold;

[0050] The lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current based on the third magnification until the amount of charge is greater than or equal to the second threshold, or the charging cut-off voltage for constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the third magnification is the upper limit voltage.

[0051] Solution 6. The charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery according to Solution 5, characterized in that the method further includes:

[0052] If the number of times of charging to the upper limit voltage based on the first rate or the third rate reaches a preset number, and the charging amount is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the first material is used up;

[0053] And / or, if the duration of charging to the upper limit voltage based on the first rate or the third rate reaches a second duration, and the charging amount is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the first material is used up.

[0054] Solution 7. The charge and discharge method of a lithium-ion battery according to any one of Solutions 1 to 5, characterized in that the method further includes:

[0055] Compare the cumulative compensation capacity with the maximum compensation capacity of the first material to determine whether the first material is used up;

[0056] After the first material is used up, continue to perform the conventional charge and discharge cycle on the lithium-ion battery.

[0057] Solution 8. The capacity compensation method of a lithium-ion battery according to Solution 7, characterized in that the first material is added to the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery, and the method further includes:

[0058] Based on the mass of the first material, the gram capacity of the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery, the irreversible gram capacity of the first material, and the compensation efficiency of the first material, obtain the maximum compensation capacity of the first material;

[0059] Wherein, the compensation efficiency of the first material is the ratio of the theoretical compensation capacity of the first material to the actual compensation capacity.

[0060] Solution 9. An electronic device, including a processor and a storage device, the storage device is adapted to store multiple program codes, characterized in that the program codes are adapted to be loaded and run by the processor to execute the charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery according to any one of Solutions 1 to 8.

[0061] Solution 10. A driving device, characterized in that the driving device includes a driving device body and the electronic device according to Solution 9.

[0062] Solution 11. A computer-readable storage medium, in which multiple program codes are stored, characterized in that the program codes are adapted to be loaded and run by a processor to execute the charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery according to any one of Solutions 1 to 8.

[0063] One or more of the above technical solutions of the present application have at least one or more of the following Beneficial effects: In implementing the technical solution of the present application, a lithium-ion battery includes a first material, and the first material is a capacity compensation material. The method includes: S1. Obtaining the discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery through conventional charge and discharge cycles of the lithium-ion battery; S2. When the discharge capacity is lower than a first threshold, performing a first charging process on the lithium-ion battery based on preset conditions, and when it is determined that the charging capacity is greater than or equal to a second threshold, performing a conventional charge and discharge cycle; S3. Repeating S1-S2 until the first material is used up; wherein the preset conditions include at least a first rate, and the first charging process includes constant current charging based on the first rate. Through the above implementation manner, the battery condition can be obtained in real time during the conventional charge and discharge cycles of the lithium-ion battery, and compensation can be performed in a timely manner when the discharge capacity is lower than the threshold, which can avoid the attenuation phenomenon of the battery in the early stage of use, effectively improve the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery, extend the cycle life of the battery while ensuring a high energy density, and improve the user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the disclosure of the present application will become more understandable. It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that these drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Among them:

[0065] Figure 1 is a schematic main step flow diagram of a charge and discharge method of a lithium-ion battery according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 2 is a schematic main step flow diagram of a first charging process for a lithium-ion battery based on preset conditions according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 3 is a schematic main structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0068] LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0069] 301: Processor; 302: Storage device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0070] The following describes some embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the present application and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0071] In the description of the present application, a "processor" may include hardware, software, or a combination of both. The processor may be a central processing unit, a microprocessor, an image processor, a digital signal processor, or any other suitable processor. The processor has data and / or signal processing functions. The processor may be implemented in software, in hardware, or in a combination of both. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includes any suitable medium for storing program code, such as magnetic disks, hard disks, optical discs, flash memories, read-only memories, random access memories, and so on. The term "A and / or B" represents all possible combinations of A and B, such as only A, only B, or A and B. The term "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and B" has a meaning similar to "A and / or B", and may include only A, only B, or A and B. The singular terms "a" and "the" may also include the plural forms.

[0072] As described in the background art, due to its outstanding advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and high energy conversion efficiency, lithium-ion batteries have become the mainstream batteries for portable consumer digital products such as mobile phones, cameras, and laptop computers, and are also widely used in fields such as electric vehicles, artificial intelligence, two-wheel vehicles, drones, smart grids, and home energy storage.

[0073] In recent years, with the continuous increase in the demand for products such as portable consumer electronic products and electric vehicles, the market has put forward higher requirements for the energy density and cycle life of lithium-ion batteries. In addition, the capacity of lithium-ion batteries will decay during use, affecting the energy density and cycle life of the batteries.

[0074] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a charge and discharge method, an electronic device, a driving device, and a medium for a lithium-ion battery.

[0075] Refer to the attached Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main steps of the charge and discharge method of a lithium-ion battery according to an embodiment of the present application. Among them, the lithium-ion battery includes a first material, and the first material is a capacity compensation material. As Figure 1 shown, the charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery in the embodiment of the present application mainly includes the following steps S101 to step S103.

[0076] Step S101: Obtain the discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery by performing a conventional charge and discharge cycle on the lithium-ion battery;

[0077] Step S102: When the discharge capacity is lower than the first threshold, perform a first charging process on the lithium-ion battery based on a preset condition, and when it is determined that the charging capacity is greater than or equal to the second threshold, perform a conventional charge and discharge cycle;

[0078] Step S103: Repeat steps S101 to S102 until the first material is used up;

[0079] Among them, the preset conditions include at least a first rate, and the first charging process includes constant current charging based on the first rate.

[0080] Based on the method described in steps S101 to S103 above, the battery condition can be obtained in real time during the normal charge and discharge cycle of the lithium-ion battery, and compensation can be made in time when the discharge amount is lower than the threshold, which can avoid the attenuation phenomenon of the battery in the early stage of use, effectively improve the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery, extend the cycle life of the battery while ensuring a high energy density, and improve the user experience.

[0081] The following further explains steps S101 to S103 above.

[0082] In some embodiments, a first material can be added to the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery, and the first material is a capacity compensation material.

[0083] Among them, the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery can be an olivine-type material. The olivine-type material refers to a material based on the olivine structure, which has the advantages of high electrochemical stability, good cycle life, high energy density, etc. The olivine-type material mainly includes one or more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium vanadium phosphate and its modified materials, lithium manganese iron phosphate and its modified materials, lithium manganese phosphate and its modified materials, lithium iron silicate and its modified materials, and lithium manganese iron silicate and its modified materials.

[0084] The first material can be selected from one or more of lithium-rich materials such as LiF, Li2S, Li2O, Li2O2, Li2NiO2, Li2C3O5, Li2C4O4, Li5FeO4, Li2CuO2, Li2CuNiO2, Li3N, Li6CoO4, Li+aX b O C (wherein, the X element is selected from one of Mn, Mo, Ru, Ti, Zr, Mg, Zn, Ba, B, Ni, Co, 0.05 ≤ a ≤ 0.5, 0.10 < b ≤ 0.95, 2 ≤ c < 4), etc.

[0085] Furthermore, when adding the first material to the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery, if the addition amount of the first material is too small, the improvement effect on the lithium-ion battery is poor; if the addition amount is too large, the energy density and safety performance of the lithium-ion battery will be reduced. Therefore, an appropriate amount of the first material needs to be selectively added according to the battery capacity.

[0086] In some embodiments, in order to balance the cycle life, energy density, safety performance, and manufacturing cost of the battery, the maximum compensation capacity of the first material added can be 1%-30% of the battery capacity, and preferably, it can be 1%-13%.

[0087] Among them, the maximum compensation capacity of the first material can be calculated based on the mass of the first material, the specific capacity of the cathode material of the lithium-ion battery, the irreversible specific capacity of the first material, and the compensation efficiency of the first material.

[0088] Specifically, the maximum compensation capacity of the first material Among them, K is the compensation efficiency of the first material, K≤1; a is the specific capacity of the cathode material of the lithium-ion battery; b is the irreversible specific capacity of the first material; w is the mass ratio of the first material in the cathode material.

[0089] Among them, the specific capacity a of the cathode material of the lithium-ion battery is the ratio of the capacitance that the cathode material can release to the mass of the cathode material; the irreversible specific capacity b of the first material is the ratio of the capacitance that the lithium ions in the first material cannot be completely reversibly released to the mass of the first material; the compensation efficiency K of the first material is the ratio of the theoretical compensation capacity of the first material to the actual compensation capacity. The above values a, b, K, and w can all be obtained by testing the lithium-ion battery.

[0090] It should be noted that the above examples of the cathode material, the first material, and the addition amount of the lithium-ion battery are only illustrative. In actual applications, those skilled in the art can select a suitable first material and add it appropriately according to specific needs, which is not limited here.

[0091] In some embodiments of the above step S101, the discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery can be obtained during the normal charge and discharge cycle of the lithium-ion battery.

[0092] Among them, the normal charge and discharge cycle is to charge, discharge, use, or store under normal environmental conditions. The normal environmental conditions can be: temperature -30 - 60°C, humidity 20% - 95%RH, charge with a constant current I (0 - 5C), the charge cut-off voltage is U1 (3.3 - 3.7V), discharge with a constant current I' (0 - 5C), and the lower cut-off voltage is U1 (2.0 - 2.9V).

[0093] In some embodiments, the normal charge and discharge cycle of the lithium-ion battery can specifically include the following steps:

[0094] (1) Let the lithium-ion battery stored at room temperature of 25°C stand for 2 minutes;

[0095] (2) Discharge with a constant current of 0.3C, and the discharge cut-off voltage is 2.3V;

[0096] (3) Let it stand for 30 minutes;

[0097] (4) Charge at a constant current of 0.5C, with a charging cut-off voltage of 3.7V and a cut-off current of 0.05C;

[0098] (5) Let it stand for 30 minutes;

[0099] (6) Discharge at a constant current of 1C, with a discharge cut-off voltage of 2.3V;

[0100] (7) Let it stand for 30 minutes;

[0101] (8) Repeat steps (4)-(7) until the end of the battery life cycle.

[0102] Furthermore, during the normal charge and discharge cycles of the lithium-ion battery, the discharge capacity of each cycle can be obtained, specifically through the battery management system BMS.

[0103] The above is a further description of step S101. Next, a further description of step S102 will be continued.

[0104] During the first charging process of the lithium-ion battery, the components in the electrolyte will be reduced and decomposed on the surface of the negative electrode material to form a solid electrolyte interface film (SEI). Subsequently, as the number of charge and discharge cycles of the lithium-ion battery increases, the lithium ions in the positive and negative electrode materials will gradually be lost during the repeated charge and discharge and insertion and extraction processes. At the same time, the generation and decomposition and regeneration of SEI will also cause losses to the active lithium, resulting in capacity attenuation during the charge and discharge cycles of the lithium-ion battery.

[0105] During the charge and discharge cycle process, the charging capacity and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery are almost the same. Therefore, it is possible to judge whether there is capacity attenuation by the discharge capacity of the battery, and perform capacity compensation in a timely manner when capacity attenuation occurs.

[0106] Specifically, a first threshold and a second threshold can be preset according to the battery capacity. Among them, the first threshold can be 95%-99% of the battery capacity, and the second threshold can be the battery capacity. For example, when the battery capacity is 3 ampere-hours, the first threshold can be set to 2.85 ampere-hours and the second threshold to 3 ampere-hours at this time. Further, during the normal charge and discharge cycles of the lithium-ion battery, when the discharge capacity is lower than the first threshold, it is considered that the battery capacity has attenuated. At this time, the lithium-ion battery can be subjected to a first charging process through preset conditions to compensate for the attenuated capacity until it is judged that the charging capacity is greater than or equal to the second threshold, and the capacity compensation is completed, and then the normal charge and discharge cycle continues.

[0107] Among them, the preset condition is a preset compensation condition for capacity compensation when the discharge amount is lower than the first threshold during the normal charge-discharge cycle of the lithium-ion battery, and the first charging process is a preset charging process for capacity compensation of the lithium-ion battery.

[0108] In some embodiments, the preset condition may include a preset first rate, second rate, third rate, upper limit voltage, protection voltage, etc.

[0109] Among them, the rate (C rating) refers to the current value required for the battery to discharge its rated capacity within a specified time. Numerically, it is equal to the multiple of the battery's rated capacity and is usually represented by the letter C. The first rate, second rate, and third rate can each independently be a relatively small current, such as 0.01 - 0.04C.

[0110] The upper limit voltage is the voltage capable of activating all the first materials, such as 4.2 - 4.5V, and can be specifically set according to the addition amount of the first material; the protection voltage is less than the upper limit voltage. The protection voltage can be the cut-off voltage of the normal charge-discharge cycle or can be higher than the cut-off voltage of the normal charge-discharge cycle, such as 3.8 - 4.2V. Multiple protection voltages can be set, including a first protection voltage, a second protection voltage, etc.

[0111] It should be noted that the above examples of the first threshold, second threshold, and preset conditions are only illustrative. In actual applications, those skilled in the art can set them according to specific requirements and are not limited here.

[0112] In some embodiments of the above step S102, the first charging process may include: constant current charging based on the first rate.

[0113] Furthermore, the first charging process for the lithium-ion battery based on the preset condition may include: constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first rate until the charging amount is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0114] For example, the first threshold is 2.95 ampere-hours, the second threshold is 3 ampere-hours, and the discharge amount of the lithium-ion battery in a certain charge-discharge cycle is 2.9 ampere-hours. At this time, the lithium-ion battery can be first charged conventionally, and then constant current charging is performed on the lithium-ion battery at 0.04C until the charging amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours.

[0115] Among them, the charging amount can be calculated according to the product of the charging current and time. When the charging amount is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the capacity compensation is completed, and the normal charge-discharge cycle continues.

[0116] When the lithium-ion battery is charged at a relatively small current in constant current charging, the rate of the electrochemical reaction inside the battery is slow, and the potential difference inside the battery is also small, thereby reducing the polarization phenomenon and helping to protect the service life of the battery.

[0117] In some embodiments of the above step S102, the first charging process may further include: constant voltage charging based on the upper limit voltage.

[0118] Specifically, when the cut-off voltage of the constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first rate is the upper limit voltage and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, the lithium-ion battery can be charged at a constant voltage based on the upper limit voltage until the charge amount is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0119] For example, when the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current of 0.04C and the cut-off voltage of the constant current charging reaches the upper limit voltage of 4.2V, if the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage with a decreasing current at 4.2V until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours.

[0120] After the cut-off voltage of the charging reaches the upper limit voltage, gradually reducing the current and adopting the constant voltage and decreasing current charging method can reduce the damage to the battery and extend the battery life.

[0121] In other embodiments of the above step S102, a protection voltage may also be set. The protection voltage is less than the upper limit voltage and can be the cut-off voltage of the conventional charge and discharge cycle, or can be higher than the cut-off voltage of the conventional charge and discharge cycle, such as 3.8 - 4.2V.

[0122] Furthermore, the first charging process may further include: constant voltage charging based on the protection voltage.

[0123] Specifically, when the cut-off voltage of the constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first rate is the protection voltage and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, the lithium-ion battery can be charged at a constant voltage based on the protection voltage until the charge amount is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0124] For example, when the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current of 0.04C and the cut-off voltage of the constant current charging reaches the protection voltage of 3.9V, if the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage with a decreasing current at 3.9V until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours.

[0125] Among them, multiple protection voltages can be set, including a first protection voltage and a second protection voltage, etc., and the first protection voltage is less than the second protection voltage. For example, the first protection voltage is 3.8V and the second protection voltage is 4.0V.

[0126] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first charging process further includes: constant current charging based on the second rate.

[0127] See the appendix Figure 2 , Figure 2 which is a schematic diagram of the main steps of the first charging process of a lithium-ion battery based on preset conditions according to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 2 shown, it mainly includes the following steps S201 to S203:

[0128] Step S201: When the cut-off voltage for constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery at the first rate is the first protection voltage and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, perform constant voltage charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first protection voltage;

[0129] For example, perform constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery at 0.04C. When the cut-off voltage reaches 3.8V, if the charge amount is less than the second threshold, perform constant voltage and decreasing current charging at 3.8V until the charge amount is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0130] Step S202: When performing constant voltage charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first protection voltage and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, perform constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery at the second rate;

[0131] After a part of the first material is used, a higher voltage is required to activate the first material. At this time, the first protection voltage can be increased to the second protection voltage to ensure that more of the first material can be activated.

[0132] Specifically, perform constant voltage and decreasing current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first protection voltage. When the current drops to the cut-off current, such as 0.01C, if the charge amount is less than the second threshold, the first protection voltage can be increased to the second protection voltage at this time. Under the second protection voltage, perform constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery at the second rate until the charge amount is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0133] Among them, the second rate can be the same as or different from the first rate. The second rate can be selected from 0.01 - 0.04C, which is not limited here.

[0134] For example, perform constant voltage and decreasing current charging at 3.8V. When the current drops to 0.01C, if the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours, the protection voltage is increased from 3.8V to 4.0V. Under the protection voltage, perform constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery at 0.04C until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours.

[0135] Step S203: When the cut-off voltage for constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery at the second rate is the second protection voltage and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, perform constant voltage charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the second protection voltage.

[0136] For example, when the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current of 0.04C and the cut-off voltage reaches 4.0V, if the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours, then it is charged at a constant voltage and decreasing current at 4.0V until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours.

[0137] Further, in some embodiments of step S102, the first charging process further includes: charging at a constant current based on a third rate.

[0138] At this time, the first charging process of the lithium-ion battery based on preset conditions further includes:

[0139] When charging the lithium-ion battery at a constant voltage based on the protection voltage and the charge amount is less than the second threshold; charging the lithium-ion battery at a constant current based on the third rate until the charge amount is greater than or equal to the second threshold, or the charging cut-off voltage for charging the lithium-ion battery at a constant current based on the third rate is the upper limit voltage.

[0140] After most of the first material is used, a very high voltage is required to activate the first material. At this time, the protection voltage can be increased to the upper limit voltage to ensure that enough first material can be activated.

[0141] Specifically, when charging the lithium-ion battery at a constant voltage and decreasing current with the protection voltage (if multiple protection voltages are set, here it is the maximum protection voltage), when the current drops to the cut-off current, such as 0.01C, if the charge amount is less than the second threshold, the protection voltage can be increased to the upper limit voltage at this time. At the upper limit voltage, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current based on the third rate until the charge amount for charging the lithium-ion battery at a constant current based on the third rate is greater than or equal to the second threshold, or the charging cut-off voltage for charging the lithium-ion battery at a constant current based on the third rate is the upper limit voltage.

[0142] Among them, the third rate can be the same as or different from the second rate or the first rate. The third rate can be selected from 0.01 - 0.04C and is not limited here.

[0143] For example, when charging at a constant voltage and decreasing current at 4.0V, when the current drops to 0.01C, if the charge amount is less than the second threshold, the protection voltage of 4.0V is increased to the upper limit voltage of 4.2V. At the upper limit voltage, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current of 0.02C until the charge amount is greater than or equal to the second threshold, or the charging cut-off voltage reaches 4.2V.

[0144] The above is a further description of step S102. Next, step S103 will be further described.

[0145] In some embodiments of the above step S103, the above steps S101 to S102 can be repeatedly executed until the first material is used up.

[0146] Further, if the number of times of charging to the upper limit voltage based on the first charging rate or the third charging rate reaches a preset number of times, and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the first material has been used up, and the lithium-ion battery continues to be subjected to normal charge and discharge cycles, or the duration of charging to the upper limit voltage based on the first charging rate or the third charging rate reaches a second duration, and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the first material has been used up.

[0147] During the charging process, when the lithium-ion battery is charged to the upper limit voltage based on the first charging rate or the third charging rate, it indicates that the current conditions can already activate all the first materials. Therefore, if the lithium-ion battery is charged to the upper limit voltage based on the first charging rate or the third charging rate for a continuous preset number of times (such as 3 times), or the lithium-ion battery is charged to the upper limit voltage based on the first charging rate or the third charging rate for a preset duration (such as 2 hours), and the charge amount is less than the second threshold, it can be determined that the first material has been used up. At this time, no capacity compensation is performed on the battery, and only normal charge and discharge cycles are carried out until the end of the battery life cycle.

[0148] In some embodiments, the cumulative compensation capacity can also be compared with the maximum compensation capacity of the first material to determine whether the first material has been used up.

[0149] Specifically, the capacity compensated each time can be added up to obtain the cumulative compensation capacity, and the cumulative compensation capacity is compared with the maximum compensation capacity of the first material. When the cumulative compensation capacity is equal to the maximum compensation capacity of the first material, it can be determined that the first material has been used up.

[0150] For example, when the maximum compensation capacity of the first material is 20% of the battery capacity, and the cumulative compensation capacity of multiple capacity compensations also reaches 20% of the battery capacity, it is determined that the first material has been used up.

[0151] Further, after the first material is used up, the lithium-ion battery can continue to be subjected to normal charge and discharge cycles until the end of the battery life cycle.

[0152] The above is a further description of step S103.

[0153] The following further illustrates the capacity compensation method for the lithium-ion battery provided by the present application through embodiments.

[0154] Example 1:

[0155] In Example 1, the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery contains Li5FeO4 that can compensate 20% of the battery capacity. The first threshold is 2.985 ampere-hours, the second threshold is 3 ampere-hours, the first charging rate is 0.04C, and the upper limit voltage is 4.2V.

[0156] Among them, the conventional charge and discharge cycle of the lithium-ion battery includes:

[0157] (1) Charge at a constant current of 0.5C to 3.7V, and charge with a constant voltage drop current of 3.7V until the cut-off current is 0.05C;

[0158] (2) Stand still for 30 minutes;

[0159] (3) Discharge at a constant current of 1C until the discharge cut-off voltage of 2.3V is reached, and obtain the discharge capacity;

[0160] (4) Stand still for 30 minutes.

[0161] The lithium-ion battery repeats the above charge and discharge cycle until the discharge capacity is lower than 2.99 ampere-hours, and capacity compensation is performed based on the following steps:

[0162] (5) Repeat the above step (3);

[0163] (6) Stand still for 10 minutes;

[0164] (7) Charge at a constant current of 0.04C until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours;

[0165] The capacity of this compensation: 0.5% (0.015Ah or 0.5% of the battery capacity), the cumulative compensation capacity: 0.5%.

[0166] Repeat the above steps (1)-(4). If the discharge capacity is lower than 2.99 ampere-hours, then execute the above steps (5)-(7), and record the capacity of this compensation and the cumulative compensation capacity;

[0167] (8) Charge at a constant current of 0.04C until the cut-off voltage is the upper limit voltage of 4.2V. If the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours, then execute step (9);

[0168] (9) Charge with a constant voltage drop current of 4.2V until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours;

[0169] Furthermore, when the cumulative compensation capacity reaches the maximum compensation capacity of the first material, it is determined that the first material has been used up, and the above conventional charge and discharge cycle of the lithium-ion battery is continued until the end of the battery life cycle; or, when step (8) is repeated continuously for 3 times or step (8) is executed continuously for 2 hours, if the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours, then it is determined that the first material has been used up, and the above conventional charge and discharge cycle of the lithium-ion battery is continued until the end of the battery life cycle.

[0170] Example 2:

[0171] In Example 2, the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery contains Li5FeO4 that can compensate for 20% of the battery capacity. The first threshold is 2.99 ampere-hours, the second threshold is 3 ampere-hours, the first rate is 0.04C, the second rate is 0.02C, the third rate is 0.04C, the upper limit voltage is 4.2V, the first protection voltage is 3.8V, and the second protection voltage is 4.0V.

[0172] Among them, the process of the lithium-ion battery performing conventional charge and discharge cycles is the same as steps (1)-(4) of the above Example 1;

[0173] Furthermore, when the lithium-ion battery performs the above charge and discharge cycles for the 1st - 11th times, the discharge capacity is not less than 2.99 ampere-hours each time.

[0174] When performing the above charge and discharge cycle for the 12th time, the discharge capacity is 2.985 ampere-hours. At this time, capacity compensation is carried out based on the following steps:

[0175] (5) Repeat the above step (3);

[0176] (6) Stand still for 10 minutes;

[0177] (7) Perform constant current charging at 0.04C until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours. The charging cut-off voltage at this time is 3.75V;

[0178] The capacity compensated this time: 0.5% (0.015Ah or 0.5% of the battery capacity), the cumulative compensated capacity: 0.5%.

[0179] When performing the above charge and discharge cycles for the 13th - 15th times, the discharge capacity is not less than 2.99 ampere-hours each time.

[0180] When performing the above charge and discharge cycle for the 16th time, the discharge capacity is 2.982 ampere-hours. At this time, capacity compensation is carried out based on the following steps:

[0181] Repeat the above (5)-(6);

[0182] (7) Perform constant current charging at 0.04C until 3.8V (the first protection voltage), and the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours;

[0183] (8) Perform constant voltage and decreasing current charging at 3.8V until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours;

[0184] The capacity compensated this time: 0.6%, the cumulative compensated capacity: 1.1%. ...

[0186] When performing the above charge and discharge cycle for the 30th time, the discharge capacity is 2.988 ampere-hours. At this time, capacity compensation is carried out based on the following steps:

[0187] Repeat the above (5)-(6);

[0188] (7) Charge with a constant voltage drop and current at 3.8V. When the current drops to 0.01C, if the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours, raise the protection voltage to 4.0V;

[0189] (8) Charge with a constant current of 0.02C until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours. At this time, the charge cut-off voltage is 3.9V;

[0190] This compensation capacity: 0.4%, cumulative compensation capacity: 7.2%. ...

[0192] When performing the above charge and discharge cycle for the 51st time, the discharge amount is 2.985 ampere-hours. At this time, perform capacity compensation based on the following steps:

[0193] Repeat the above (5)-(6);

[0194] (7) Charge with a constant current of 0.02C to 4.0V (the second protection voltage) when the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours;

[0195] (8) Charge with a constant voltage drop and current at 4.0V until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours;

[0196] This compensation capacity: 0.5%, cumulative compensation capacity: 11%. ...

[0198] When performing the above charge and discharge cycle for the 98th time, the discharge amount is 2.988 ampere-hours. At this time, perform capacity compensation based on the following steps:

[0199] Repeat the above (5)-(6);

[0200] (7) Charge with a constant voltage drop and current at 4.0V. When the current drops to 0.01C, if the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours, raise the protection voltage to the upper limit voltage of 4.2V;

[0201] (8) Charge with a constant current of 0.04C until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours. At this time, the charge cut-off voltage is 4.1V;

[0202] This compensation capacity: 0.4%, cumulative compensation capacity: 18%; ...

[0204] When performing the above charge and discharge cycle for the 101st time, the discharge amount is 2.985 ampere-hours. At this time, perform capacity compensation based on the following steps:

[0205] Repeat the above (5)-(6);

[0206] (7) Charge at a constant current of 0.04C until 4.2V, and the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours;

[0207] (8) Charge with a constant voltage drop current at 4.2V until the charge amount is greater than or equal to 3 ampere-hours;

[0208] The compensation capacity for this time: 0.5%, and the cumulative compensation capacity: 20%.

[0209] At this time, the cumulative compensation capacity reaches the maximum compensation capacity of the first material, and the first material has been used up. Continue to perform the above-mentioned conventional charge and discharge cycles on the lithium-ion battery until the end of the battery life cycle;

[0210] Or, charge with a constant voltage drop current at 4.2V continuously for 3 times, and the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours, then it is determined that the first material has been used up. Continue to perform the above-mentioned conventional charge and discharge cycles on the lithium-ion battery until the end of the battery life cycle.

[0211] Or, charge with a constant voltage drop current at 4.2V for 2 hours, and the charge amount is less than 3 ampere-hours, then it is determined that the first material has been used up. Continue to perform the above-mentioned conventional charge and discharge cycles on the lithium-ion battery until the end of the battery life cycle.

[0212] The specific data of the above Embodiment 2 are shown in Table 1 below.

[0213] Table 1

[0214] As can be seen from the above Embodiments 1-2, by using the charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery provided by the present application, it is possible to avoid the attenuation phenomenon of the battery in the early stage of use. As shown in Table 1 above, for the lithium-ion battery added with 20% of the first material, users will not have any attenuation experience during the first 101 charge and discharge uses, improving the user's satisfaction.

[0215] Furthermore, in addition to the preset conditions, factors such as the type, addition amount, and charge and discharge temperature of the first material will also affect the cycle life of the lithium-ion battery. In actual applications, those skilled in the art can set according to specific scenarios.

[0216] By using the charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery provided by the present application, the battery condition can be obtained in real time during the conventional charge and discharge cycle of the lithium-ion battery, and compensation can be made in time when the discharge amount is lower than the threshold value. It is possible to avoid the attenuation phenomenon of the battery in the early stage of use, effectively improve the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery, extend the cycle life of the battery while ensuring a high energy density, and improve the user's experience.

[0217] It should be noted that although the steps are described in a specific order in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can understand that, in order to achieve the effects of this application, it is not necessary for different steps to be executed in such an order. They can be executed simultaneously (in parallel) or in other orders, and these variations are within the protection scope of this application.

[0218] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the method of the above embodiment of this application can also be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable storage medium can include: any entity or device, medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disc, computer memory, read-only memory, random access memory, electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal, and software distribution medium that can carry the computer program code.

[0219] Furthermore, this application also provides an electronic device. Refer to the attached Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. As Figure 3 shown, the electronic device in the embodiment of this application mainly includes a processor 301 and a storage device 302. The storage device 302 can be configured to store a program for executing the charging and discharging method of the lithium-ion battery in the above method embodiment. The processor 301 can be configured to execute the program in the storage device 302, and the program includes but is not limited to the program for executing the charging and discharging method of the lithium-ion battery in the above method embodiment. For the sake of convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of this application are shown. For the specific technical details not disclosed, please refer to the method part of the embodiment of this application.

[0220] In some possible embodiments of the present application, the electronic device may include a plurality of processors 301 and a plurality of storage devices 302. The program for executing the charging and discharging method of the lithium-ion battery in the above method embodiment can be divided into multiple sub-programs, and each sub-program can be loaded and run by the processor 301 respectively to execute different steps of the charging and discharging method of the lithium-ion battery in the above method embodiment. Specifically, each sub-program can be stored in different storage devices 302 respectively, and each processor 301 can be configured to execute the programs in one or more storage devices 302 to jointly implement the charging and discharging method of the lithium-ion battery in the above method embodiment, that is, each processor 301 respectively executes different steps of the charging and discharging method of the lithium-ion battery in the above method embodiment to jointly implement the charging and discharging method of the lithium-ion battery in the above method embodiment.

[0221] The above-mentioned plurality of processors 301 can be processors deployed on the same device. For example, the above-mentioned electronic device can be a high-performance device composed of multiple processors, and the above-mentioned plurality of processors 301 can be the processors configured on the high-performance device. In addition, the above-mentioned plurality of processors 301 can also be processors deployed on different devices. For example, the above-mentioned electronic device can be a server cluster, and the above-mentioned plurality of processors 301 can be the processors on different servers in the server cluster.

[0222] Furthermore, the present application also provides a driving device. In an embodiment of a driving device according to the present application, the driving device may include a driving device body and the electronic device described in the above electronic device embodiment.

[0223] Furthermore, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. In an embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium according to the present application, the computer-readable storage medium can be configured to store a program for executing the charging and discharging method of the lithium-ion battery in the above method embodiment, and this program can be loaded and run by a processor to implement the charging and discharging method of the above lithium-ion battery. For the sake of convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiments of the present application are shown. For the specific technical details not disclosed, please refer to the method part of the embodiments of the present application. The computer-readable storage medium can be a storage device device formed by various electronic devices. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium in the embodiments of the present application is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.

[0224] Furthermore, the present application also provides a driving device. In an embodiment of a driving device according to the present application, the driving device may include a driving device body and the electronic device described in the above electronic device embodiment.

[0225] It should be noted that the relevant user personal information that may be involved in the embodiments of this application is all processed in strict accordance with the requirements of laws and regulations, following the principles of legality, legitimacy, and necessity, for reasonable purposes based on business scenarios, and is the personal information actively provided by users during the use of products / services or generated due to the use of products / services, as well as the personal information obtained with user authorization.

[0226] The user personal information processed by this application may vary depending on the specific product / service scenario. It is subject to the specific scenario of the user's use of the product / service and may involve the user's account information, device information, driving information, vehicle information, or other relevant information. This application will treat the user's personal information and its processing with a high degree of diligence.

[0227] This application attaches great importance to the security of user personal information and has taken security protection measures that meet industry standards and are reasonable and feasible to protect the user's information and prevent personal information from being accessed, publicly disclosed, used, modified, damaged, or lost without authorization.

[0228] So far, the technical solution of this application has been described in conjunction with one embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of this application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of this application, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A charging and discharging method for a lithium-ion battery, characterized in that, The lithium-ion battery includes a first material, and the first material is a capacity compensation material. The method includes: S1. Obtain the discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery by performing a conventional charge-discharge cycle on the lithium-ion battery; S2. When the discharge capacity is lower than a first threshold, perform a first charging process on the lithium-ion battery based on preset conditions. When the charged capacity is greater than or equal to a second threshold, perform the conventional charge-discharge cycle; S3. Repeat S1 - S2 until the first material is used up; Wherein, the preset conditions at least include a first rate, and the first charging process includes constant current charging based on the first rate.

2. The charging and discharging method for a lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset conditions further include an upper limit voltage, and the first charging process further includes constant voltage charging based on the upper limit voltage; The first charging process of the lithium-ion battery based on the preset conditions includes: When the cut-off voltage of the constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first rate is the upper limit voltage and the charged capacity is less than the second threshold, perform constant voltage charging on the lithium-ion battery based on the upper limit voltage until the charged capacity is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

3. The charging and discharging method for a lithium-ion battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preset conditions further include a protection voltage, the protection voltage is less than the upper limit voltage, and the first charging process further includes constant voltage charging based on the protection voltage; The first charging process of the lithium-ion battery based on the preset conditions further includes: When the cut-off voltage of the constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first rate is the protection voltage and the charged capacity is less than the second threshold, perform constant voltage charging on the lithium-ion battery based on the protection voltage until the charged capacity is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

4. The charging and discharging method for a lithium-ion battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protection voltage includes a first protection voltage and a second protection voltage, the first protection voltage is less than the second protection voltage, the preset conditions further include a second rate, and the first charging process further includes constant current charging based on the second rate; The first charging process of the lithium-ion battery based on the preset conditions further includes: When the cut-off voltage of the constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the first rate is the first protection voltage and the charged capacity is less than the second threshold, perform constant voltage charging on the lithium-ion battery based on the first protection voltage; When constant voltage charging is performed on the lithium-ion battery based on the first protection voltage and the charged capacity is less than the second threshold, perform constant current charging on the lithium-ion battery based on the second rate; When the cut-off voltage of the constant current charging of the lithium-ion battery based on the second rate is the second protection voltage and the charged capacity is less than the second threshold, perform constant voltage charging on the lithium-ion battery based on the second protection voltage.

5. The charging and discharging method for a lithium-ion battery according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The preset conditions further include a third rate, and the first charging process further includes constant current charging based on the third rate; The first charging process of the lithium-ion battery based on the preset conditions further includes: When constant voltage charging is performed on the lithium-ion battery based on the protection voltage and the charged capacity is less than the second threshold; Charge the lithium-ion battery at a constant current based on the third rate until the amount of charge is greater than or equal to the second threshold, or the charging cut-off voltage for charging the lithium-ion battery at a constant current based on the third rate is the upper limit voltage.

6. The charging and discharging method for a lithium-ion battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the number of times of charging to the upper limit voltage based on the first rate or the third rate reaches a preset number of times, and the amount of charge is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the first material is used up; And / or, if the duration of charging to the upper limit voltage based on the first rate or the third rate reaches a second duration, and the amount of charge is less than the second threshold, it is determined that the first material is used up.

7. The charging and discharging method for a lithium-ion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Compare the cumulative compensation capacity with the maximum compensation capacity of the first material to determine whether the first material is used up; After the first material is used up, continue to perform the conventional charge and discharge cycle on the lithium-ion battery.

8. The capacity compensation method for a lithium-ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first material is added to the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery, and the method further includes: Obtain the maximum compensation capacity of the first material based on the mass of the first material, the specific capacity of the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery, the irreversible specific capacity of the first material, and the compensation efficiency of the first material; Wherein, the compensation efficiency of the first material is the ratio of the theoretical compensation capacity of the first material to the actual compensation capacity.

9. An electronic device, comprising a processor and a storage device, the storage device being adapted to store a plurality of program codes, characterized in that, The program code is adapted to be loaded and run by the processor to execute the charge and discharge method of the lithium-ion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A driving device, characterized in that, The driving device includes a driving device body and the electronic device according to claim 9.

Images