Double-array-plane switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased-array antenna system

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-array-plane switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased-array antenna system, and relates to the technical field of radio reconnaissance. Comprising an antenna array plane, a radio frequency front end and a bunched cable, the antenna array plane is in a double-array-plane form and is divided into an antenna left array plane and an antenna right array plane which are respectively located on the left side and the right side of the overall structure of the system; the left antenna array surface comprises an antenna array, a notch low noise amplifier module, an antenna cover and a left array frame for fixedly mounting the left antenna array surface; the right antenna array plane comprises an antenna array, a notch low noise amplifier module, an antenna housing and a right array frame for fixedly installing the right antenna array plane. The radio frequency front end is an integral structure case, and a receiving assembly module, a wave control machine and a combiner are installed in the radio frequency front end. The wave control machine receives an external instruction and external direct-current power supply input, controls the receiving assembly module to carry out switch switching and amplitude and phase adjustment, and provides a direct-current power supply for the receiving assembly module and the notch low-noise amplifier module at the same time. And the antenna array surface is connected with the radio frequency front end through a bunched cable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of radio reconnaissance, and particularly relates to a dual-array-switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system. The present invention can be used in an electronic reconnaissance system. Background Art

[0002] A multi-beam phased array antenna can generate multiple independent beams with different directions through the same antenna radiation aperture, and can control the beams for rapid electronic scanning, and can simultaneously receive or transmit wireless signals from different directions. Due to its many advantages such as excellent anti-interference ability, long detection distance, multi-target tracking and survival ability, etc., the multi-beam phased array antenna is widely used in the electronic reconnaissance system.

[0003] A digital multi-beam phased array antenna is a complex antenna system jointly realized by traditional array antenna technology and digital beamforming technology, and is an ideal phased array antenna system in theory. For the signals of multiple receiving channels of the array antenna, a receiving beam is formed in the desired direction through digital signal processing, and by controlling the feeding phase of the radiation unit to change the pointing of the maximum value of the antenna pattern, the purpose of beam scanning can be achieved. However, most of the current digital multi-beam phased array antenna systems have problems such as too high cost, too large volume, too high power consumption, and complex system, which are not conducive to meeting the requirements of miniaturization, low cost and integration of the current electronic reconnaissance system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is:

[0005] In order to avoid the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-array-switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system. By adopting the method of time-sharing electronic switching of bilateral antenna arrays and sharing a radio frequency front end, the problems of high cost and high power consumption existing in the prior art are solved, and the system has a high degree of modularization and a simple connection relationship.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A dual-array-switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system, characterized in that it includes an antenna array, a radio frequency front end and a bundle cable,

[0008] The antenna array is in the form of a dual array and is divided into two parts: an antenna left array and an antenna right array, which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the overall structure of the system; the antenna left array includes an antenna array, a notch low-noise amplifier module, an antenna radome and a left array frame for fixedly installing the antenna left array; the antenna right array includes an antenna array, a notch low-noise amplifier module, an antenna radome and a right array frame for fixedly installing the antenna right array;

[0009] The RF front end is an integral structural chassis, inside which a receiving component module, a wave control unit, and a combiner are installed. The wave control unit receives external instructions and external DC power input, controls the receiving component module to perform switching, amplitude, and phase adjustment, and at the same time provides DC power to the receiving component module and the notch low-noise amplifier module;

[0010] The antenna array surface is connected to the RF front end through a bundled cable.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention: The antenna arrays of the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface are both one-dimensional linear arrays composed of 36 antenna elements, which can form a multi-beam pattern covering the airspace of -45° to +45° in the azimuth plane for receiving electromagnetic wave signals in this airspace; Each antenna element is directly connected to the notch low-noise amplifier module, which not only amplifies the received signal with low noise but also filters out interference signals in a specific frequency band; The left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface share a set of RF front ends, and the two work in a time-sharing switching manner, which can significantly reduce the system hardware cost while ensuring the airspace coverage range.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention: The 36 units of the left antenna array surface are divided into two groups, 1# to 18# and 19# to 36#, and are respectively input into the receiving component module through a bundled cable; The 36 units of the right antenna array surface are also divided into two groups, 1# to 18# and 19# to 36#, and are respectively input into the receiving component module through a bundled cable.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention: In order to prevent wiring installation errors, the bundled cable assembly is designed with "key anti-error". The keys are -A, -B, -C, and -N, and each key is responsible for the connection of 18 units.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention: There are 18 receiving component modules in total. Each receiving component module is composed of two receiving channels; Each receiving channel consists of a single-pole double-throw switch, a low-noise amplifier, a one-to-four power divider, a phase shifter, an attenuator, and an equalizer; Each receiving channel is switched through a single-pole double-throw switch to receive electromagnetic wave signals provided by two units from the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface in a time-sharing manner.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention: The wave control unit adjusts the channel amplitude and phase of the receiving component module via a multi-core cable and provides +5V and -5V DC power to the receiving component module; The wave control unit provides +28V DC power to the notch low-noise amplifier module through a bundled cable.

[0016] Further technical solution of the present invention: The combiner RF synthesizes the electromagnetic wave signals processed by 18 receiving component modules to form analog multi-beams; there are a total of 4 combiners to meet the requirement of realizing 4 independent analog multi-beams on the left antenna array surface and 4 independent analog multi-beams on the right antenna array surface of the antenna.

[0017] Further technical solution of the present invention: The wave control machine performs power enable control on the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface of the antenna; when a certain side of the antenna array is receiving and working, the wave control machine enables the output of the +28V DC power supply of the other side of the antenna array to make the notch low-noise amplifier module of that antenna array not work, thereby suppressing the signals received by its back lobe from entering the receiving component module.

[0018] A multi-beam RF analog synthesis method, characterized in that the above-mentioned dual-array switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system is adopted, specifically:

[0019] The electromagnetic wave signals received by the antenna units on the left antenna array surface of the antenna are subjected to notch and low-noise amplification processing inside the left notch low-noise amplifier module, and the electromagnetic wave signals received by the antenna units on the right antenna array surface of the antenna are subjected to notch and low-noise amplification processing inside the right notch low-noise amplifier module. These two paths of signals are input into the receiving channels in the receiving component module for switch selection. The selected RF signals are equally divided into four paths of signals after passing through a low-noise amplifier and a one-to-four power divider; each path of signal is further attenuated, phase-shifted and amplitude-equalized, and then connected to 4 combiners through RF cables, and four-beam RF analog synthesis is completed at the output end of the combiner.

[0020] A multi-beam directional reception control method, characterized in that the above-mentioned dual-array switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system is adopted, specifically:

[0021] The wave control machine receives the four-beam pointing data, frequency code and working mode control instruction information sent from the outside, quickly calculates the phase and amplitude codes required by the phase shifters and attenuators of each unit channel of the antenna array surface, and sends the phase and amplitude codes to the corresponding receiving component module within the time required by the specified time sequence to control the antenna beam pointing and complete the directional reception of 4 analog beams.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] The present invention provides a dual-array switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system. This dual-array switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system can simultaneously form multiple analog receiving beams by using antenna aperture multiplexing; by controlling the receiving component module and the combiner with a wave control machine, time-sharing switching processing of the signals received by the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface of the antenna is realized; by sharing the RF front end of the bilateral antenna arrays, the system hardware cost is reduced and the system power consumption is lowered in the way of RF synthesizing multi-beams.

[0024] Under normal circumstances, due to the influence of the back radiation of the antenna array (front-to-back ratio of the radiation pattern), when one side of the antenna array is receiving, signals can also be received by the rear lobe of the antenna array on the other side. The signals received by the rear lobe are coupled into the link through a single-pole double-throw switch inside the receiving component and further amplified within the receiving component, which can be regarded as interference signals. In the present invention, the power enable control of the left antenna array and the right antenna array is carried out by a beam steering controller. When one side of the antenna array is receiving, the beam steering controller enables the +28v power output of the other side, so that the notch low-noise amplifier module of that side of the antenna array does not work, thereby suppressing the signals received by the rear lobe from entering the link. Description of the Drawings

[0025] The drawings are only for the purpose of showing specific embodiments and are not considered as a limitation to the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference signs represent the same components.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the dual-panel switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a side view of the dual-panel switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a top view of the dual-panel switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the composition and wiring relationship of the dual-panel switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the RF link of the dual-panel switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the antenna array of the dual-panel switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the receiving component module of the dual-panel switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the beam steering controller control of the dual-panel switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The descriptions of the main component reference signs in the drawings are as follows:

[0035] 1-L - Left antenna array surface; 1-R - Right antenna array surface; 2-L - Left array frame; 2-R - Right array frame; 3 - Receive component module; 4 - Wave control machine; 5 - Combiner; 6 - RF front end (chassis); 7 - Bundle cable interface. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0037] A dual-array surface switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system mainly consists of an antenna array surface, an RF front end and a bundle cable. Among them, the antenna array surface is in the form of a dual-array surface and is divided into two parts: the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface, each covering the airspace of ±45° in the azimuth plane through analog multi-beams, and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the overall structure of the system in terms of layout; the left antenna array surface includes an antenna array, a notch low-noise amplifier module, an antenna radome and a left array frame for fixedly installing the left antenna array surface; the right antenna array surface includes an antenna array, a notch low-noise amplifier module, an antenna radome and a right array frame for fixedly installing the right antenna array surface. The RF front end is an integral structure chassis, and a receive component module, a wave control machine and a combiner are installed inside it. The antenna array surface and the RF front end are electrically connected through four bundle cables with different key positions, and each bundle cable transmits 18 RF signals and 1 28V DC power supply.

[0038] Specifically, the antenna arrays of both the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface are one-dimensional linear arrays composed of 36 antenna elements, which can form a multi-beam pattern covering the airspace of -45° to +45° in the azimuth plane for receiving electromagnetic wave signals in this airspace; each antenna element of the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface is directly connected to the notch low-noise amplifier module, which not only amplifies the received signal with low noise, but also filters out interference signals in specific frequency bands.

[0039] Specifically, the array scale of both the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface is 36×6; among them, 6 antenna elements in the elevation plane are combined into one linear array through a power distribution network, and there are 36 linear arrays in total in the azimuth plane to form the entire antenna array surface; the 36 elements of the left antenna array surface are divided into two groups: 1# to 18# and 19# to 36#, and are respectively input into the receive component module through the bundle cable; the 36 elements of the right antenna array surface are also divided into two groups: 1# to 18# and 19# to 36#, and are respectively input into the receive component module through the bundle cable; in order to prevent wiring installation errors, the bundle cable assembly is designed with "key position anti-error", and the key positions are -A, -B, -C, -N four types.

[0040] Specifically, the RF front-end is an integrated structural chassis, inside which 18 receiving component modules, 1 wave control unit, and 4 combiners are installed. The receiving component modules are connected to the combiners through RF cable chassis, and the receiving components are connected to the wave control unit through low-frequency multi-core power cables. The wave control unit converts and distributes the externally provided DC power supply to supply power to the receiving component modules, the notch low-noise amplifiers of the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface.

[0041] Specifically, each receiving component module is composed of two receiving channels. Each receiving channel consists of a single-pole double-throw switch, a low-noise amplifier, a one-to-four power divider, a phase shifter, an attenuator, and an equalizer. Through electronic switching of the switch, each receiving channel receives the electromagnetic wave signals provided by the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface in a time-sharing manner. After processing such as low-noise amplification, power division, phase shifting, and attenuation, four RF signals are output and then transmitted to the combiner. This method of dual-array surface switching and time-sharing multiplexing not only ensures the coverage of the reconnaissance airspace but also greatly reduces the system hardware cost.

[0042] Specifically, in order to reduce the coupling influence of one side of the antenna array during operation on the other side, the present invention enables power supply control of the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface through the wave control unit; when one side of the antenna array is receiving and operating, the wave control unit enables the output of the +28V DC power supply of the other side of the antenna array to make the notch low-noise amplifier module of this antenna array not work, thereby suppressing the signals received by its back lobe from entering the receiving component module.

[0043] Based on the above dual-array surface switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system, the present invention also provides a multi-beam RF analog synthesis method. The combiner performs RF synthesis on the electromagnetic wave signals processed by the receiving component modules to form analog multi-beams. Taking the 1# antenna unit of the antenna array surface as an example, the signals received by it are processed by the receiving channels of the receiving component module, and four RF signals are output. Each RF signal is then respectively connected to each 1# port of combiners 1, 2, 3, and 4 through RF cables. In this way, the signals received by the 2# to 36# antenna units of the antenna array surface are processed by the receiving channels of the receiving component module and connected to each 2# to 36# port of combiners 1, 2, 3, and 4, thereby realizing four-beam RF synthesis.

[0044] Based on the above dual-array surface switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system, the present invention also provides a multi-beam directional reception control method. The wave control unit receives instruction information such as four-beam pointing data, frequency codes, and working modes sent from the outside, quickly calculates the phase matching codes required for the phase shifters of each unit channel of the left antenna array surface or the right antenna array surface, and sends the phase matching codes to the corresponding receiving component modules within the time required by the timing requirements to control the antenna beam pointing and thus complete the directional reception of 4 analog beams.

[0045] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0046] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a dual-frontal-switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system provided by the present invention includes: an antenna left frontal surface 1-L, a left frontal frame 2-L for fixedly mounting the antenna left frontal surface 1-L, an antenna right frontal surface 1-R, a right frontal frame 2-R for fixedly mounting the antenna right frontal surface 1-R, a radio frequency front end 6, a receiving component module 3, a beam control machine 4, and a combiner 5. The left frontal frame 2-L and the right frontal frame 2-R are respectively located on the left and right sides of the entire system structure; the radio frequency front end 6 is a whole chassis, and the receiving component module 3, the beam control machine 4, and the combiner 5 are installed inside. It is located in the middle of the entire system structure and is connected to the antenna left frontal surface 1-L and the antenna right frontal surface 1-R through four bundled cables 7 with different key positions; the beam control machine 4 is located above the combiner 5, converts and distributes the externally provided DC power supply, and provides a 28V power supply requirement for the receiving component module 3 and the notch low-noise amplifier modules of the antenna left frontal surface 1-L and the antenna right frontal surface 1-R.

[0047] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the composition and wiring relationship of the dual-frontal-switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the antenna left frontal surface 1-L and the antenna right frontal surface 1-R share a set of radio frequency front ends 6; the 36 units of the antenna left frontal surface are divided into two groups, namely 1# to 18# and 19# to 36#, and are respectively input into the receiving component module 3 through the bundled cable 7; the 36 units of the antenna right frontal surface are also divided into two groups, namely 1# to 18# and 19# to 36#, and are respectively input into the receiving component module 3 through the bundled cable 7; in order to prevent wiring installation errors, the bundled cable 7 is designed with "key position anti-error", and the key positions are -A, -B, -C, -N four kinds. Among them, the key position -A is the connection of the 1# to 18# group of the antenna right frontal surface 1-R, the key position -B is the connection of the 19# to 36# group of the antenna right frontal surface 1-R, the key position -C is the connection of the 1# to 18# group of the antenna left frontal surface 1-L, and the key position -N is the connection of the 9# to 36# group of the antenna left frontal surface 1-L.

[0048] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the radio frequency link of the dual-frontal-switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention. As previously known, both the antenna left frontal surface 1-L and the antenna right frontal surface 1-R are 36-element one-dimensional linear arrays. Taking the 1# antenna element as an example to illustrate the radio frequency link principle of the system of the present invention. As Figure 5As shown in the figure, the electromagnetic wave signals received by the left array 1# antenna element are notch-filtered and low-noise amplified inside the notch-filter low-noise amplifier module on this side, and then transmitted to the input end of the receiving component module through a bundled cable. The wave control machine controls the receiving component module to perform gating, switches the single-pole double-throw switch to the left array reception, and at the same time, the wave control machine enables the right array to cut off power and stop working, and vice versa. The selected RF signal is equally divided into four signals after passing through a low-noise amplifier and a one-to-four power divider. Each signal is then attenuated, phase-shifted, and amplitude-equalized, and then connected to each 1# input port of the first combiner, the second combiner, the third combiner, and the fourth combiner included in the combiner 5 through RF cables. In the same way, the electromagnetic wave signals received by the 2# to 36# antenna elements on the left and right array surfaces are processed through the notch-filter low-noise amplifier module and the receiving channels in the receiving component module 3, and then connected to the 2# to 36# input ports corresponding to each combiner, so as to realize the formation of four-beam RF analog synthesis at the output end of the combiner 5, namely beam 1, beam 2, beam 3, and beam 4.

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna array of the dual-array-switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the scale of the antenna array is 36 (azimuth plane) × 6 (elevation plane). Among them, 6 antenna elements in the elevation plane are combined into a linear array through a stripline power divider, and the entire antenna array in the azimuth plane is composed of 36 such linear arrays.

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving component module 3 of the dual-array-switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 7 shown, each receiving component module 3 is electrically divided into two identical groups, which are composed of two receiving channels and share a control and power supply circuit. Each receiving channel has two RF input ends to receive signals from the left array surface 1-L or the right array surface 1-R of the antenna. Through electronic switching of the switch, each receiving channel receives signals provided by the left array surface 1-L and the right array surface 1-R of the antenna in a time-sharing manner. After processing such as low-noise amplification, power division, attenuation, and phase shift, four RF signals are output and then transmitted to the input end of the combiner through RF cables.

[0051] Figure 8This is the control schematic diagram of the wave control machine for the dual-array switching type low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention. The wave control machine 4 receives control instruction information such as four-beam pointing data, frequency code, and working mode sent from the outside, quickly calculates the phase and amplitude codes required for the phase shifters and attenuators of each unit channel of the antenna array, and sends the phase and amplitude codes to the corresponding receiving component module 3 within the time required by the specified timing sequence to control the antenna beam pointing and complete the directional reception of 4 analog beams. The wave control machine 4 has a total of 6 low-frequency ends, each of which controls 3 receiving component modules 3 and provides +5V and -5V DC power supplies for this module. The wave control machine 4 has 1 28V power output terminal to provide +28V DC power supply for the notch low-noise amplifier module.

[0052] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements, and these modifications or replacements should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-array switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system, characterized in that, It includes an antenna array, a radio frequency front end, and a bundled cable. The antenna array is in the form of a dual array and is divided into two parts: the left antenna array and the right antenna array, which are located on the left and right sides of the overall system structure respectively; the left antenna array includes an antenna array, a notch low-noise amplifier module, an antenna radome, and a left array frame for fixedly installing the left antenna array; the right antenna array includes an antenna array, a notch low-noise amplifier module, an antenna radome, and a right array frame for fixedly installing the right antenna array. The radio frequency front end is an integrated structure chassis, inside which a receiving component module, a beam controller, and a combiner are installed. The beam controller receives external instructions and external DC power input, controls the receiving component module to perform switching, amplitude and phase adjustment, and at the same time provides DC power to the receiving component module and the notch low-noise amplifier module. The antenna array is connected to the radio frequency front end through a bundled cable.

2. The dual-array switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna arrays of the left antenna array and the right antenna array are both one-dimensional linear arrays composed of 36 antenna elements, which can form a multi-beam pattern covering the airspace of -45° to +45° in the azimuth plane for receiving electromagnetic wave signals in this airspace; each antenna element is directly connected to the notch low-noise amplifier module, which not only amplifies the received signal with low noise but also filters out interference signals in a specific frequency band; the left antenna array and the right antenna array share a set of radio frequency front ends, and they work in a time-sharing switching manner, which can greatly reduce the system hardware cost while ensuring the airspace coverage range.

3. The dual-array switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The 36 elements of the left antenna array are divided into two groups: 1# to 18# and 19# to 36#, and are respectively input into the receiving component module through a bundled cable; the 36 elements of the right antenna array are also divided into two groups: 1# to 18# and 19# to 36#, and are respectively input into the receiving component module through a bundled cable.

4. The dual-array switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In order to prevent wiring installation errors, the bundled cable assembly is designed with "key anti-error", and the keys are –A, –B, –C, and –N respectively, and each key is responsible for the connection of 18 elements.

5. The dual-array switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are 18 receiving component modules in total, and each receiving component module is composed of two receiving channels combined; each receiving channel is composed of a single-pole double-throw switch, a low-noise amplifier, a one-to-four power divider, a phase shifter, an attenuator, and an equalizer; each receiving channel is switched through a single-pole double-throw switch to receive electromagnetic wave signals provided by two elements from the left antenna array and the right antenna array in a time-sharing manner.

6. The dual-array switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beam controller adjusts the channel amplitude and phase of the receiving component module via a multi-core cable, and provides +5V and -5V DC power to the receiving component module; the beam controller provides +28V DC power to the notch low-noise amplifier module through a bundled cable.

7. The dual-array switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The combiner performs radio frequency synthesis on the electromagnetic wave signals processed by 18 receiving component modules to form analog multi-beams; there are 4 combiners in total to meet the requirement of the left antenna array to achieve 4 independent analog multi-beams and the right antenna array to achieve 4 independent analog multi-beams.

8. The dual-array switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power enable control is performed on the left antenna array surface and the right antenna array surface of the antenna through a wave control machine; when one side of the antenna array is receiving and working, the wave control machine enables the output of the +28V DC power supply of the other side of the antenna array to make the notch low-noise amplifier module of the antenna array not work, thereby suppressing the signal received by its back lobe from entering the receiving component module.

9. A multi-beam radio frequency analog synthesis method, characterized in that, The dual-array switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system described in any one of claims 1-8 is adopted, specifically: The electromagnetic wave signals received by the antenna elements on the left antenna array surface of the antenna are subjected to notch and low-noise amplification processing inside the left notch low-noise amplifier module, and the electromagnetic wave signals received by the antenna elements on the right antenna array surface of the antenna are subjected to notch and low-noise amplification processing inside the right notch low-noise amplifier module. These two signals are input into the receiving channels in the receiving component module for switch selection. The selected RF signals are equally divided into four signals after passing through a low-noise amplifier and a one-to-four power divider; each signal is then attenuated, phase-shifted, and amplitude-equalized, and then connected to 4 combiners through RF cables, and four-beam RF analog synthesis is completed at the output end of the combiners.

10. A multi-beam directional reception control method, characterized in that, The dual-array switching low-cost analog multi-beam phased array antenna system described in any one of claims 1-8 is adopted, specifically: The wave control machine receives the four-beam pointing data, frequency code, and working mode control instruction information sent from the outside, quickly calculates the phase and amplitude codes required for the phase shifters and attenuators of each unit channel of the antenna array surface, and sends the phase and amplitude codes to the corresponding receiving component module within the time required by the specified timing requirements to control the antenna beam pointing and complete the directional reception of 4 analog beams.

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