Power system production simulation method considering long-period energy storage electric quantity reserve

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric power system production simulation method considering long-period energy storage electric quantity reserve, which comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring wind-light-fire nuclear load data over the years, and calculating the maximum electric quantity vacancy amount of multiple days in the future based on the wind-light-fire nuclear load data over the years; s2, a power system production simulation model is constructed, the power system production simulation model takes minimization of the total cost of wind-light-fire-core-storage combined dispatching as a target function, a plurality of constraint conditions are set, and the constraint conditions comprise long-period energy storage standby power consumption constraints, long-period energy storage standby power consumption constraints and long-period energy storage standby power consumption constraints; the long-period energy storage standby power consumption constraint is constructed according to the maximum power vacancy amount, and the long-period energy storage standby power consumption constraint makes a charging and discharging decision by considering the maximum power vacancy amount of multiple days in the future, so that the requirement of the standby power consumption is met while the intra-day electric power and power balance is ensured; s3, acquiring the installed capacity of the power system, the upper and lower limits of power output and the initial electric quantity of energy storage, and inputting into the power system production simulation model; and S4, solving the power system production simulation model to obtain a production simulation result considering the long-period energy storage electric quantity reserve effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system dispatching optimization, and particularly to a power system production simulation method considering long-cycle energy storage power reserve. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale development and high-proportion grid connection of new energy, its seasonal fluctuation characteristics pose new challenges to the power and electricity balance of the power system on a long time scale. At present, the seasonal characteristics of the output of natural wind and light resources are obvious, and the phenomenon of mismatch between power generation and load is prominent. The seasonal energy storage has a long cycle and can realize the energy mutual assistance of the power system across months and quarters, suppress the long-cycle fluctuations of new energy, and cooperate with short-cycle energy storage to achieve the stable operation of the power system on multiple time scales, thus solving the "double shortage" problem of insufficient seasonal power supply and seasonal curtailment of wind and light.

[0003] The existing power system time-series production simulation methods only consider the power and electricity balance within a day and do not consider the situation of long-term future power shortage, which is likely to cause the problem of insufficient power reserve of long-cycle energy storage and load loss in the annual time-series production simulation of the power system during the low-output seasons of natural wind and light resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a power system production simulation method considering long-cycle energy storage power reserve to overcome the technical problems that the existing power system time-series production simulation methods only consider the power and electricity balance within a day, do not consider the long-term future power shortage, and are likely to cause insufficient power reserve of long-cycle energy storage and load loss in the annual time-series production simulation of the power system during the low-output seasons of natural wind and light resources.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] S1: Obtain the historical wind, light, thermal, and nuclear load data, and calculate the maximum power shortage volume for multiple future days based on the historical wind, light, thermal, and nuclear load data;

[0007] S2: Construct a power system production simulation model. The power system production simulation model takes the total cost of the combined dispatching of wind, light, thermal, nuclear, and energy storage to be minimized as the objective function, and sets a number of constraint conditions. The constraint conditions include the long-cycle energy storage power reserve constraint. The long-cycle energy storage power reserve constraint is constructed according to the maximum power shortage volume, that is, the long-cycle energy storage power reserve constraint makes charge and discharge decisions by considering the maximum power shortage volume for multiple future days to ensure the power and electricity balance within a day while meeting the requirements of power reserve;

[0008] S3: Obtain the installed capacity of the power system, the upper and lower limits of the power output of the power sources, and the initial power of the energy storage, and input them into the power system production simulation model;

[0009] S4: Solve the production simulation model of the power system to obtain the production simulation results considering the effect of long-cycle energy storage power reserve.

[0010] Further, in S1, calculate the maximum power shortage amount for the next multiple days based on the historical wind and solar load data. The calculation formula is:

[0011]

[0012] In the formula, represents the power shortage amount within d days, that is, the expected backup power of the subsequent long-cycle energy storage within d days; s represents the number of historical scenarios of power generation from power sources; y represents the number of historical scenarios of load; n represents the time period; and respectively represent the power generation of nuclear power, wind power, photovoltaic power, and thermal power within d days under the s scenario; represents the power of the load within d days under the y scenario.

[0013] Further, the production simulation model of the power system includes:

[0014] The balance constraint of the system power, expressed as:

[0015] P t CON +P t wr +P t sr +P t es +P t el_dis -P t el_ch +P t line +P t nuc =P t load -P t pen (4)

[0016] In the formula, P t CON represents the output of the thermal power unit at time period t; P t wr 、P t sr 、P t line and P t nuc respectively represent the outputs of the wind turbine unit, photovoltaic unit, tie line, and nuclear power unit at time period t; P t esRepresents the charging and discharging power of short - term energy storage in period t, where a positive value represents discharging and a negative value represents charging; P t el_ch and P t el_dis respectively represent the charging and discharging power of long - term energy storage in period t, both greater than or equal to 0; P t load represents the load magnitude in period t; P t pen represents the load shedding magnitude in period t;

[0017] Among them,

[0018] The operating constraints of thermal power units are expressed as:

[0019] 0.4P t CON,max ≤P t CON ≤P t CON,max (5)

[0020] In the formula, P t CON,max represents the maximum output of thermal power units in period t;

[0021] The operating constraints of wind and solar power units are expressed as:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, is the grid - connected power of wind turbines in period t, is the grid - connected power of photovoltaic units in period t; P t w,Forecast represents the predicted power of wind turbines in period t, P t pv,Forecast represents the predicted power of photovoltaic units in period t;

[0024] The operating constraints of nuclear power units are expressed as:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, is the generating power of nuclear power units in period t, P nu,max is the maximum generating power of nuclear power units;

[0027] The operating constraints of tie - lines are expressed as:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, is the input power of tie - lines in period t, Pline,max is the maximum input power of the tie line;

[0030] The operating constraints of short-term energy storage are expressed as:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, E s0 represents the initial charge of the short-term energy storage, that is, the end charge of the last period of the previous cycle; is the charge of the short-term energy storage at time t; δ t is the time constant, taking 1 h; η es represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the short-term energy storage; T es represents the full-power charge-discharge time of the short-term energy storage; E ss represents the installed capacity of the short-term energy storage;

[0033] The operating constraints of long-term energy storage are expressed as:

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, E s1 represents the initial charge of the long-term energy storage, that is, the end charge of the last period of the previous cycle; is the charge of the long-term energy storage at time t; δ t is the time constant, taking 1 h; η el represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the long-term energy storage; T el,ch and T el,dis respectively represent the full-power charge-discharge time of the long-term energy storage; E sl represents the installed capacity of the long-term energy storage; P t el,ch and P t el,dis represent the charge-discharge power of the long-term energy storage at time t, both of which are non-negative.

[0036] Furthermore, the objective function is expressed as:

[0037]

[0038] In the formula, T represents the total number of periods; t represents the number of periods divided in a single day; c cost represents the coal price;

[0039] C CON represents the coal consumption rate of thermal power; P t CON represents the power generation power of the thermal power unit at the t-th period; μ p represents the load shedding penalty coefficient; h el_f and h el_lrespectively represent the electricity quantities of long - term energy storage at the beginning and end of a single day;

[0040] h es_f and h es_l respectively represent the electricity quantities of short - term energy storage at the beginning and end of a single day; γ el and γ es respectively represent the calculated coal consumption rates of long - term energy storage and short - term energy storage; represents the magnitude of the load shedding in the t - th period;

[0041] z represents the total operating cost of the power system; z sl represents the penalty amount for insufficient reserved electricity of long - term energy storage on a single day.

[0042] Furthermore, the constraint on the reserved electricity of long - term energy storage is:

[0043]

[0044] In the formula, μ l represents the penalty coefficient for insufficient reserved electricity of long - term energy storage on the current day; represents the electricity quantity at the end period of long - term energy storage within d days; represents the maximum electricity shortage quantity in the future multi - day period; represents the penalty amount for insufficient reserved electricity of long - term energy storage within d days.

[0045] Beneficial effects: The present invention calculates the maximum electricity shortage quantity in the future multi - day period through the historical data of wind, light, thermal, and nuclear loads; constructs a power system production simulation model, and introduces the constraint on the reserved electricity of long - term energy storage, enabling long - term energy storage to consider the electricity shortage quantity in the future multi - day period for charge - discharge decision - making. While ensuring the power and electricity balance within a day, it can meet the requirements of reserved electricity as much as possible, and solves the problem of insufficient reserved electricity of long - term energy storage in the low - output season of natural wind and light resources in the existing methods. At the same time, the maximum electricity shortage quantity in the future multi - day period is used to constrain the reserved electricity of long - term energy storage in the production simulation model, so as to consider the future electricity shortage situation in the annual time - series production simulation and guide long - term energy storage to perform charge - discharge actions in advance. This can store electricity for long - term energy storage in advance before the power - shortage period, realize long - term electricity transfer, and avoid the situation of insufficient electricity of long - term energy storage before the power - shortage season due to only focusing on the power generation benefit within a day. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following - described drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the power system production simulation method considering long-term energy storage power reserve in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is the daily power shortage diagram for each day of the whole year in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is the diagram of the annual power generation proportion of power sources in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is the diagram of the annual power change of long-term energy storage in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is the diagram of the annual power change of short-term energy storage in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] This embodiment provides a power system production simulation method considering long-term energy storage power reserve, as Figure 1 shown, and the specific steps include:

[0054] S1: Obtain historical wind, light, thermal and nuclear load data, and calculate the maximum power shortage amount for multiple future days based on the historical wind, light, thermal and nuclear load data, so as to improve the margin and reliability of the selection of the expected power reserve of long-term energy storage;

[0055] The historical wind, light, thermal and nuclear load data includes the wind power, photovoltaic power, thermal power, nuclear power and load power at each time period in history;

[0056] S2: Construct a power system production simulation model, which takes minimizing the total cost of the combined dispatching of wind, light, thermal, nuclear and energy storage as the objective function, and sets a number of constraint conditions, including the constraint of the power reserve of long-term energy storage. The constraint of the power reserve of long-term energy storage is constructed according to the maximum power shortage amount, that is, the constraint of the power reserve of long-term energy storage makes charge and discharge decisions by considering the maximum power shortage amount for multiple future days to ensure the balance of power and electricity within the day while meeting the requirements of the power reserve;

[0057] S3: Obtain the installed capacity of the power system, the upper and lower limits of power generation of power sources, and the initial power of the energy storage, and input them into the power system production simulation model;

[0058] S4: Call CPLEX to solve the power system production simulation model to obtain the production simulation results considering the effect of long-term energy storage power reserve.

[0059] Specifically, the final production results are the power outputs of thermal power units, wind power units, photovoltaic power units, tie lines, and nuclear power units.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, in S1, calculate the maximum power deficit in the next few days based on the historical wind and light load data The calculation formula is:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, represents the power deficit within d days, that is, the expected backup power of the subsequent long-term energy storage within d days; s represents the number of historical scenarios of power generation of power sources; y represents the number of historical scenarios of load; n represents the time period, and the time period length is taken as 1 day; and respectively represent the power generation of nuclear power, wind power, photovoltaic power, and thermal power within d days under the s scenario; represents the power of the load within d days under the y scenario.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, after calculation, the expected backup power of the long-term energy storage throughout the year Figure 2 is shown as follows.

[0064] The power system production simulation model includes:

[0065] The balance constraint of the system power is expressed as:

[0066] P t CON +P t wr +P t sr +P t es +P t el_dis -P t el_ch +P t line +P t nuc =P t load -P t pen (4)

[0067] In the formula, Pt CON represents the output of the thermal power unit in period t; P t wr 、P t sr 、P t line and P t nuc respectively represent the outputs of the wind power unit, photovoltaic unit, tie line and nuclear power unit in period t; P t es represents the charge-discharge power of short-term energy storage in period t, where a positive value represents discharge and a negative value represents charge; P t el_ch and P t el_dis respectively represent the charge-discharge powers of long-term energy storage in period t, both of which are greater than or equal to 0; P t load represents the load magnitude in period t; P t pen represents the magnitude of the load shedding in period t;

[0068] Among them,

[0069] the operation constraint of the thermal power unit is expressed as:

[0070] 0.4P t CON,max ≤P t CON ≤P t CON,max (5)

[0071] In the formula, P t CON,max represents the maximum output of the thermal power unit in period t;

[0072] the operation constraint of the wind-solar unit is expressed as:

[0073] 0≤p t wr ≤P t w,Forecast (6)

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, is the grid connection power of the wind power unit in period t, is the grid connection power of the photovoltaic unit in period t; P t w,Forecast represents the predicted power of the wind power unit in period t, P t pv,Forecast represents the predicted power of the photovoltaic unit in period t;

[0076] Specifically, equations (6) and (7) represent the boundaries of the grid-connected power of wind power and photovoltaic power at each time period, which should be between 0 and the predicted output at each time period.

[0077] The operating constraints of nuclear power units are expressed as:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, is the power generation of the nuclear power unit at time period t, and P nu,max is the maximum power generation of the nuclear power unit;

[0080] The operating constraints of the tie line are expressed as:

[0081]

[0082] In the formula, is the input power of the tie line at time period t, and P line,max is the maximum input power of the tie line;

[0083] The operating constraints of short-term energy storage are expressed as:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, E s0 represents the initial charge of the short-term energy storage, that is, the end charge of the last time period of the previous cycle; is the charge of the short-term energy storage at time period t; δ t is the time constant, taking 1 h; η es represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the short-term energy storage; T es represents the full-power charge-discharge time of the short-term energy storage. The charge-discharge times of the short-term energy storage are the same; E ss represents the installed capacity of the short-term energy storage;

[0086] The operating constraints of long-term energy storage are expressed as:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula, E s1 represents the initial charge of the long-term energy storage, that is, the end charge of the last time period of the previous cycle; is the charge of the long-term energy storage at time period t; δ t is the time constant, taking 1 h; η el represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the long-term energy storage; T el,ch and T el,dis respectively represent the full-power charge-discharge times of the long-term energy storage; E slRepresents the installed capacity of long - term energy storage; P t el,ch and P t el,dis Represent the charging and discharging power of long - term energy storage at time t, both non - negative.

[0089] The objective function is expressed as:

[0090]

[0091] Wherein, T represents the total number of time periods, T = 24; t represents the number of time periods divided in a single day; c cost Represents the coal price; C CON Represents the coal consumption rate of thermal power; P t CON Represents the power generation power of the thermal power unit at the t - th time period; μ p Represents the load shedding penalty coefficient; h el_f and h el_l Respectively represent the electricity quantities of long - term energy storage at the beginning and end of a single day; h es_f and h es_l Respectively represent the electricity quantities of short - term energy storage at the beginning and end of a single day; γ el and γ es Respectively represent the calculated coal consumption rates of long - term energy storage and short - term energy storage; Represents the amount of load shedding at the t - th time period, μ p P t pen Is the penalty cost for load shedding; z represents the total cost of power system operation; z sl Represents the penalty amount for insufficient reserve electricity of long - term energy storage in a single day, and the penalty amount is the penalty cost.

[0092] Specifically, in this embodiment, the objective function comprehensively considers the operating coal consumption of coal - fired power units in all time periods within the planned day, the calculated coal consumption converted from the net stored electricity of electrical energy storage within the planned day, the penalty coal consumption for load shedding caused by insufficient power, and the penalty coal consumption for insufficient reserve electricity of long - term energy storage. At the same time, the penalty amount for insufficient reserve electricity of long - term energy storage in a single day is introduced into the objective function, which enhances the solvability of the production simulation model while guiding the charging and discharging of long - term energy storage, and improves the solution speed of the production simulation model.

[0093] In a specific embodiment, the constraint of the reserve electricity of long - term energy storage is:

[0094]

[0095] Wherein, μ l Represents the penalty coefficient for insufficient reserve electricity of long - term energy storage on the current day; Represents the electricity quantity at the end time period of long - term energy storage within d days; represents the maximum power deficit amount for the next several days; represents the penalty amount for the insufficient power reserve of long - cycle energy storage within d days, and the penalty amount is the penalty cost.

[0096] Specifically, by introducing the constraint of long - cycle energy storage power reserve, the production simulation model guides the long - cycle energy storage power. The production simulation model requires that the remaining power of long - cycle energy storage per day be greater than or equal to the power deficit amount of the power system in the next several days, avoiding the situation that the power system discharges all the long - cycle energy storage power for short - term power generation benefits before the long - term continuous low - wind and low - light periods occur. It ensures that when approaching the seasons with less wind and light power generation, the power system will reserve power for long - cycle energy storage in advance, thereby reducing the risk of load shedding in subsequent periods and improving the reliability of power system operation.

[0097] In this embodiment, referring to the actual operation data of a provincial - level power system, the power source installed capacity structure, long / short - cycle energy storage parameters, initial power, and its system economic and technical indicators are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0098] Table 1:

[0099]

[0100] Table 2:

[0101] Coal price 700 yuan / ton Self-discharge coefficient of long-cycle energy storage 0.93 Charge and discharge efficiency of long-cycle energy storage 0.6 Self-discharge coefficient of short-cycle energy storage 0.99 Charge and discharge efficiency of short-cycle energy storage 0.93 Coal consumption rate of thermal power 0.29t / MW h Calculated coal consumption rate of long / short-cycle energy storage 0.01\0.02 Penalty coefficient of standby power consumption for long-cycle energy storage 20000

[0102] Input the above initial data into the production simulation model, conduct daily rolling production simulation throughout the year, and obtain the results of the power generation proportion of each power source, the amount of wind and light abandonment, the system load shedding size, and the changes in the annual power of long / short - cycle energy storage. As Figure 3 shown, it is the annual power generation proportion of each power source obtained from the daily rolling production simulation throughout the year. Among them, the wind and light proportion is 85%, the proportion of external power and nuclear power is 4%, and the proportion of thermal power is 11%. The annual abandoned power of the system is 6596313 MW h, accounting for 41% of the annual power generation, and there is no load shedding. The changes in the power of long / short - cycle energy storage after the annual production simulation are as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown. Through case analysis, it can be seen that long - cycle energy storage has the function of seasonal power time - shift. The wind and light power generation in summer and winter is relatively less, and long - cycle energy storage is generally in the discharge process. While the wind and light power generation in spring and autumn is more, so it is generally in the charging process in spring and autumn. By incorporating the constraint of long - cycle energy storage power reserve into the model, the production simulation model can guide long - cycle energy storage to increase its power reserve before low - wind and low - light periods to cope with the long - term power supply - demand imbalance situation. The model effectively improves the reliability of power system operation and reduces the risk of system load shedding. At the same time, long - cycle energy storage and short - cycle energy storage participate in intra - day peak regulation together, improving the flexibility of the power system.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating power system production considering long-term energy storage and power reserve, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: Obtain the wind, solar, thermal and nuclear load data of previous years, and calculate the maximum power shortage in the next few days based on the wind, solar, thermal and nuclear load data of previous years; S2: Constructing a power system production simulation model, wherein the power system production simulation model takes minimizing the total cost of wind, solar, thermal and nuclear joint dispatching as the objective function, and sets a number of constraints, wherein the constraints include a long-term energy storage reserve power constraint, which is constructed according to the maximum power shortage, i.e., the long-term energy storage reserve power constraint makes charging and discharging decisions by considering the maximum power shortage in the future for multiple days, so as to ensure the balance of power within the day while meeting the reserve power requirements; S3: Obtain the installed capacity of the power system, the upper and lower limits of the power output, and the initial amount of energy storage, and input them into the power system production simulation model; S4: Solve the power system production simulation model to obtain a production simulation result that takes into account the long-term energy storage power reserve effect.

2. The power system production simulation method considering long-term energy storage power reserve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S1, the maximum power shortage for the next several days is calculated based on the wind and solar load data of the past years. The calculation formula is: In the formula, represents the power shortage on day d, i.e., the expected reserve power of the subsequent long-term energy storage on day d; s represents the number of power generation scenarios over the years; y represents the number of load scenarios over the years; n represents the time period; as well as They represent the power generation of nuclear power, wind power, photovoltaic power and thermal power in day d under scenario s respectively; Represents the amount of electricity consumed by the load on day d under scenario y.

3. The power system production simulation method considering long-term energy storage power reserve according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The power system production simulation model includes: The balance constraint of system power is expressed as: P t CON +P t wr +P t sr +P t es +P t el_dis -P t el_ch +P t line +P t nuc =P t load -P t pen (4) Where P t CON represents the output of the thermal power unit during period t; P t wr , P t sr , P t line and P t nuc They represent the output of wind turbines, photovoltaic units, tie lines and nuclear power units in period t respectively; P t es Represents the charging and discharging power of the short-cycle energy storage in period t, where positive values ​​represent discharging and negative values ​​represent charging; P t el_ch and P t el_dis They represent the charging and discharging power of the long-cycle energy storage in time period t, both greater than or equal to 0; P t load represents the load size during period t; P t pen Represents the load shedding size during period t; in, The operating constraints of thermal power units are expressed as: 0.4P t CON,max ≤P t CON ≤P t CON,max (5) Where P t CON,max Represents the maximum output of the thermal power unit during period t; The operating constraints of the wind and solar units are expressed as: In the formula, is the grid-connected power of the wind turbine in period t, is the grid-connected power of the photovoltaic unit in period t; represents the predicted power of the wind turbine in period t, It represents the predicted power of the photovoltaic unit in the period t; The operating constraints of nuclear power units are expressed as: In the formula, is the power generation of the nuclear power unit in period t, P nu,max is the maximum power generation capacity of the nuclear power unit; The operation constraints of the tie line are expressed as: In the formula, is the input power of the tie line in period t, P line,max is the maximum input power of the tie line; The operating constraints of short-cycle energy storage are expressed as: In the formula, E s0 Indicates the initial capacity of short-cycle energy storage, that is, the final capacity of the last period of the previous cycle; is the amount of energy stored in the short cycle during period t; t is the time constant, take 1h; η es Represents the charging and discharging efficiency of short-cycle energy storage; T es Represents the full power charging and discharging time of short-cycle energy storage; E ss represents the installed capacity of short-term energy storage; The operating constraints of long-term energy storage are expressed as: In the formula, E s1 Indicates the initial capacity of long-cycle energy storage, that is, the final capacity of the last period of the previous cycle; is the power of long-term energy storage in period t; t is the time constant, take 1h; η el Represents the charging and discharging efficiency of long-cycle energy storage; T el,ch and T el,dis They represent the full power charging and discharging time of long-cycle energy storage; E sl represents the installed capacity of long-term energy storage; P t el,ch and P t el,dis Represents the charging and discharging power of the long-cycle energy storage in time period t, both of which are non-negative.

4. The power system production simulation method considering long-term energy storage power reserve according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The objective function is expressed as: In the formula, T represents the total number of time periods; t represents the number of time periods divided into a single day; c cost represents coal price; C CON Represents the coal consumption rate of thermal power; P t CON Represents the power generation of the thermal power unit in the tth period; μ p represents the load shedding penalty factor; h el_f and h el_l They represent the power consumption of long-cycle energy storage at the beginning and end of a single day respectively; h es_f and h es_l They represent the power consumption of short-cycle energy storage at the beginning and end of a day respectively; γ el and γ es represent the calculated coal consumption rates of long-period energy storage and short-period energy storage respectively; Represents the load shedding size in period t; z represents the total cost of power system operation; sl Represents the penalty amount for insufficient long-term energy storage backup power in a single day.

5. The power system production simulation method considering long-term energy storage power reserve according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The long-term energy storage reserve power constraint is: In the formula, μ l Represents the penalty coefficient for insufficient backup power on the day of long-term energy storage; Represents the electricity consumption of the long-term energy storage at the end of the d-day; Represents the maximum power shortage in the next few days; Represents the penalty amount for insufficient long-term energy storage backup power within the d-day.

Images