Data transmission method for improving dual-mode communication efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a data transmission method for improving dual-mode communication efficiency. S1, a central coordinator issues station area node information through high-speed broadband carrier communication, so that a station dual-mode module knows a topological relation and a relay agent condition; s2, selecting an optimal communication link for data transmission based on the station signal strength, the number of relay agents and the signal strength of the central coordinator; s3, calculating signal attenuation, and selecting a stable relay node to transmit data; s4, evaluating the signal intensity from the site to the relay agent and the central coordinator, and selecting the most stable path to upload data; s5, transverse and longitudinal data compression is adopted, redundancy is reduced, and transmission efficiency is improved; s6, when there is no relay agent, the site directly communicates with the central coordinator through a dual-mode module, and selects an optimal path; and S7, integrating the stability of the link and the node, optimizing a communication link, and ensuring efficient and stable transmission. The dual-mode communication system is optimized through intelligent link selection, data compression and signal evaluation, the transmission delay is reduced, the stability is improved, and the method is suitable for the fields of intelligent power grids, industrial internet of things and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power communication technologies, and particularly to a data transmission method for improving the efficiency of dual-mode communication. Especially in a new power system, the communication rate, stability, and data transmission efficiency are improved through dual-mode communication technologies. Background Art

[0002] In modern power systems, with the increasing demands for access to various new energy devices, equipment monitoring, real-time data collection, etc., the requirements for communication technologies are also getting higher and higher. The communication requirements of power systems are not only reflected in remote control and monitoring, but also cover multiple aspects such as real-time data transmission, equipment status detection, and energy management. These requirements have promoted the rapid development of communication technologies. Especially in the scenario of high-frequency data transmission, how to ensure the speed, stability, and reliability of communication has become the key to technological development.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used communication technologies in power systems mainly include high-speed power line carrier communication technology and micro-power wireless technology. Each of these two communication methods has certain application advantages, but in some specific application scenarios, their limitations are becoming increasingly apparent. High-speed power line carrier communication technology is widely used in power systems. It realizes convenient communication without laying dedicated communication lines by using the existing power lines for data transmission. However, the application of high-speed power line carrier technology is not without challenges. First, when transmitting signals, power lines are often interfered by multiple factors, such as multiple circuit breaker switches across the line and the existence of branch lines. These factors will cause serious attenuation of the signals, affecting the communication quality. Second, the load and noise interference of power lines also show obvious time-varying characteristics, which means that in some periods, the signals of power line carriers will be greatly interfered, resulting in individual sub-nodes being unable to form a network with the main node for communication. In addition, when the power distribution area is large, the power line carrier channel bandwidth between the central coordinator and the site is insufficient, resulting in data being unable to be transmitted smoothly, causing data loss, and seriously affecting the communication reliability of the power system.

[0004] Meanwhile, as another commonly used communication method, micro-power wireless technology can provide relatively stable wireless data transmission in some scenarios, but it also has many limitations. First of all, micro-power wireless communication is vulnerable to obstruction by obstacles. Especially in complex environments, such as in some areas of the power system where equipment is arranged closely or there are large metal structures, the signal will be blocked, resulting in a decline in transmission quality. Secondly, micro-power wireless communication is particularly sensitive to weather conditions. Under adverse weather conditions, especially in rain, snow, sand and dust weather, the wireless signal may be greatly attenuated or interfered, thus affecting the stability and reliability of communication. In addition, micro-power wireless technology has limitations in the coverage area of the substation area. Especially in densely populated areas, it is difficult to provide full coverage, resulting in data loss or abnormal access for some users.

[0005] Therefore, when facing the increasingly complex application scenarios in the power system, the traditional single communication technology has exposed many deficiencies. Especially in scenarios that require efficient, stable and reliable communication, a single high-speed power line carrier or micro-power wireless technology is difficult to meet the needs of the power system. With the continuous growth of the power industry's demand for high-speed, real-time and stable communication, the bottlenecks of existing technologies are becoming increasingly apparent. How to break through these limitations, improve the communication rate, enhance the system's networking ability, and ensure the reliability of data transmission in complex environments has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0006] To solve the above problems, in recent years, the dual-mode communication technology, as an emerging communication method, has gradually attracted wide attention. The dual-mode communication technology refers to the use of two different physical layer communication methods for data transmission at the same time. Usually, it combines power line carrier communication with micro-power wireless and transmits information through two communication channels. The advantage of this method is that it can make up for the deficiencies of a single communication method and make full use of the characteristics of the two physical channels of power line carrier and wireless communication. It not only solves the problems of signal attenuation and insufficient bandwidth of high-speed power line carrier, but also effectively avoids the limitations of micro-power wireless communication affected by weather and obstacles.

[0007] However, although dual-mode communication technology has great theoretical advantages, there are still many challenges in practical applications. First of all, how to effectively achieve the collaborative work of high-speed power line carrier and micro-power wireless, so that the two communication methods can be seamlessly connected, has become the key to the successful deployment of the dual-mode communication system. Secondly, the network stability of the dual-mode communication system and the reliability of data transmission are still a difficult problem. How to automatically select the appropriate communication path according to the signal strength and attenuation of different nodes to avoid data transmission interruption when the signal is unstable is still a difficult point in technical implementation. In addition, in an environment with a large substation area or complex communication, how to dynamically adjust the signal transmission path while ensuring bandwidth and transmission efficiency, and reduce the data transmission volume through reasonable compression technology, is still an important problem to be solved.

[0008] Although the existing dual-mode communication technology can improve the communication efficiency to a certain extent, there are still problems such as data loss, signal attenuation, and unreasonable path selection, especially in the complex power system environment. In order to further improve the efficiency of the dual-mode communication system, it is necessary to further optimize the automatic evaluation of signal attenuation, data compression technology, and path selection algorithm, etc., in order to truly meet the requirements of communication speed, stability, and reliability in the power system. Therefore, how to design an efficient dual-mode communication method that can automatically select the optimal path in a complex environment, optimize data transmission, reduce signal attenuation, and ensure communication stability has become the key to solving this problem.

[0009] Based on the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a new method by combining high-speed power line carrier and micro-power wireless dual-mode communication technology, aiming to improve the communication efficiency and data transmission stability in the power system. Through this method, the bottleneck problems in traditional communication technology can be effectively solved, and a more efficient and stable dual-mode communication solution can be provided, providing strong technical support for real-time data transmission, equipment monitoring, and energy management in the power industry. Summary of the Invention

[0010] An object of the present invention is to propose a data transmission method for improving dual-mode communication efficiency. The present invention makes full use of the combination of high-speed power line carrier and micro-power wireless dual-mode communication technology, and significantly improves the efficiency and stability of data transmission in the power system by intelligently selecting the optimal communication path, automatically evaluating signal attenuation, and adopting data compression technology. This method not only solves the problems of signal attenuation, insufficient bandwidth, data loss, etc. caused by a single communication method in the existing technology, but also improves the reliability of the overall communication system by automatically selecting the most stable communication path and optimizing the data transmission process. It has the advantages of high communication quality, strong data transmission stability, good system compatibility, etc., and is especially suitable for real-time data transmission and equipment monitoring in complex environments.

[0011] A data transmission method for improving the efficiency of dual-mode communication according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. The central coordinator uses high-speed broadband carrier communication to send the substation node information to the dual-mode module of the site, so that the site dual-mode module understands the substation topology relationship and whether there is a relay agent between the site and the central coordinator;

[0013] S2. In the site dual-mode module, according to the site signal strength, the number of relay agents, and the signal strengths received by the relay agent and the central coordinator, automatically select the stability of the communication link, and select the optimal network multicast method for data transmission;

[0014] S3. Use the signal attenuation data in the dual-mode module to calculate the stability of each node, and automatically select a stable relay node for data transmission according to the signal attenuation degree;

[0015] S4. The site evaluates the communication link of each node, calculates the signal strengths from the site to the relay agent and the central coordinator, and selects the path with the most stable signal strength for data upload;

[0016] S5. Compress the data during the communication process. Use horizontal compression to reduce the repeated transmission of the same user data items, and use vertical compression when there are multiple sites. Reduce data redundancy by numbering and data compression;

[0017] S6. In the case of no relay agent node, the site directly communicates with the central coordinator through the dual-mode module, and automatically selects the best communication path according to the link stability;

[0018] S7. Select the optimal communication link according to the link stability and node stability to achieve efficient data transmission and network stability.

[0019] Optionally, the S1 specifically includes:

[0020] S11. The central coordinator sends the substation node information to the dual-mode modules of each site, and enables the site dual-mode modules to obtain the substation topology relationship and whether there is a relay agent between the site and the central coordinator;

[0021] S12. According to the substation topology information, determine the communication links between each site and other nodes, and calculate the stability of each communication link according to the real-time signal strength to obtain the signal attenuation metric α(t);

[0022] S13. Calculate the signal attenuation metric α(t):

[0023]

[0024] Where Preceive (i, j, t) is the signal strength received by node i at time t, P send (i, j, t) is the signal strength sent by node i at time t, and α(t) is the signal attenuation degree between nodes i and j at time t;

[0025] S14. According to the calculated signal attenuation metric α(t), evaluate the communication quality between the station and each relay agent and the central coordinator, and automatically select the most stable path for data transmission;

[0026] S15. Within the dual-mode module, automatically adjust the communication path according to the evaluation result, and select the best network multicast mode according to the signal strength and stability;

[0027] S16. If the signal attenuation metric α(t) between the station and the relay agent or the central coordinator is less than the preset threshold ρ, automatically determine the communication path as a stable path.

[0028] Optionally, the specific content of S2 includes:

[0029] S21. Within the station dual-mode module, initialize the signal strength matrix according to the received substation topology information and signal strength data, and perform a preliminary screening of the communication link according to the signal strength matrix;

[0030] S22. Through the processing unit within the dual-mode module, calculate the signal strength and signal attenuation value between each node:

[0031] S ij (t) = S i (t) - P ij (t);

[0032] Wherein, S i (t) is the signal strength of station node i at time t, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by node j at time t, S ij (t) represents the signal attenuation degree between the station node and the relay agent or the central coordinator node;

[0033] S23. According to the signal attenuation degree of each node, calculate the communication stability between each node:

[0034]

[0035] Wherein, δ ij (t) represents the signal stability between station node i and relay agent or central coordinator node j, S i (t) is the signal strength of station node i, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by node j, δ ij(t) The smaller the value, the more stable the communication between nodes;

[0036] S24. Based on the signal attenuation value and signal stability, evaluate the reliability of different communication paths, and select the most stable path for data transmission;

[0037] S25. If a communication link or path with poor signal stability is found, dynamically adjust the communication path according to the amount of transmitted data and real-time network conditions, and switch to another more stable path;

[0038] S26. During each data transmission process, the site re-evaluates the stability of the communication path according to the network topology change and signal attenuation degree, and calculates the stability index of each link:

[0039]

[0040] where N is the number of nodes from the site to each relay agent or central coordinator, and ΔS ik (t) represents the signal attenuation degree from the site to each node k, and δ ij (t) represents the comprehensive stability of the link;

[0041] S27. After selecting the optimal path, within the dual-mode module of the site, select the data transmission path according to the stability and bandwidth requirements of the path to ensure the efficiency and stability of dual-mode communication;

[0042] S28. If there are multiple stable paths, the site uses a load balancing algorithm to select the most suitable path for data transmission according to the load situation and data priority of the path. The selection of the load balancing algorithm is based on the signal stability, bandwidth utilization rate and data transmission requirements of each path;

[0043] S29. Through real-time monitoring and feedback mechanism, continuously optimize the path selection, improve the dual-mode communication efficiency, ensure the smooth transmission of data between nodes, and reduce communication delays or interruptions caused by signal instability.

[0044] Optionally, the specific steps of S3 include:

[0045] S31. Receive the signal strength data from the central coordinator and relay agents through the dual-mode module of the site, and obtain the signal strength values between each communication node;

[0046] S32. According to the received signal strength data, calculate the signal attenuation value between each node:

[0047] ΔS ij (t) = S i (t) - P ij (t);

[0048] Among them, i and j are the numbers of the stations, relay agents, and central coordinator nodes, t is a time variable representing the signal attenuation degree between nodes i and j at time t, and S i (t) is the signal strength received by the station, and P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator node, and ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, representing the signal attenuation degree between the station and nodes i and j;

[0049] S33. Calculate the stability index between each station and different relay agents or central coordinator nodes. This stability index is evaluated by considering the ratio of the signal attenuation degree to the signal strength:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, Ξ ij (t) represents the stability index between the station and the relay agent or central coordinator node, S i (t) is the signal strength received by the station, and P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator node, and ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, reflecting the stability and reliability of the link;

[0052] S34. Based on the calculated stability index, select the communication link with the highest stability index for data transmission. If the stability index is lower than the preset stability threshold, reselect the link according to the stability index;

[0053] S35. According to the stability of the selected link, the station dual-mode module adjusts the transmission mode. If the signal strength is high and the stability is good, select high-speed power line carrier as the transmission path. If the signal strength is low or there is significant attenuation, perform data transmission via micro-power wireless;

[0054] S36. Monitor the link stability between the station and the relay agent or central coordinator in real time, and automatically adjust the calculation of the signal attenuation degree and the stability evaluation according to environmental changes to ensure the link stability during communication. If the network environment changes, the station will recalculate the stability index based on the new signal strength data and dynamically adjust the optimal transmission path;

[0055] S37. During the dual-mode communication process, the station selects the most stable link path in real time according to the stability evaluation results of each node to ensure the reliability and real-time performance of data transmission, and avoid data loss or delay caused by signal attenuation or environmental interference.

[0056] Optionally, the specific content of S4 includes:

[0057] S41. Receive the signal strength data from the central coordinator or relay agent within the dual-mode module of the site, and calculate the stability of each communication link based on these data. Specifically, by analyzing the signal strength and attenuation value, calculate the stability index of each link:

[0058]

[0059] where S i (t) is the signal strength received by the site, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator node, ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, Ξ ij (t) is the stability index representing between the site and the relay agent or central coordinator;

[0060] S42. Based on the calculated stability index, for each site, select the link with the maximum stability index for data upload. If the stability indices of multiple links are equal or close, select the link with higher stability according to the signal strength. This process ensures that each site selects a stable communication path;

[0061] S43. If the stability index of the link between the site and the relay agent or central coordinator is lower than the predetermined threshold, re-evaluate the availability of this link. By calculating the stability index of this link and comparing it with other available links, select a link with higher stability for data upload. If there is no stable link, the site will choose to transmit data through other relay agents or central coordinators;

[0062] S44. After selecting the link, the dual-mode module of the site automatically adjusts the communication mode. If the selected link is a power line carrier communication path, use high-speed power line carrier for data transmission. If the selected link is a micro-power wireless path, perform data transmission through micro-power wireless. The site optimizes the communication method according to the actual communication conditions and path selection to ensure the stability and reliability of data transmission;

[0063] S45. Monitor the communication link between each site and its selected communication node in real time. By monitoring the signal strength change and the fluctuation of the stability index, automatically adjust the link path. If it is found during the communication process that the link stability decreases or the signal attenuation intensifies, the site will recalculate the stability index and select a new link with higher stability for data transmission;

[0064] S46. In the dual-mode module of the site, after each selection of a communication link, the dynamic adjustment mechanism is used to update the network topology in real time. Through the feedback of real-time signal strength data, the site can dynamically select the optimal link path according to the changes in the actual environment. This process ensures that the site can maintain stable data transmission even when the environment changes or the network load changes;

[0065] S47. The site dual-mode module monitors and adjusts the communication link during each data upload cycle, dynamically selects the optimal path, and avoids communication interruptions caused by signal attenuation, unstable paths, or network congestion.

[0066] Optionally, the specific content of S5 includes:

[0067] S51. In the dual-mode module of the site, data from the central coordinator or relay agent is received, and its stability and transmission efficiency are calculated based on the received data. First, according to the type of data item, the data is classified and processed by category, and the same type of data is compressed. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0068] ΔD xy (t) = D x (t) - D y (t);

[0069] Among them, ΔD xy (t) represents the difference between different data items, and D x (t) and D y (t) respectively represent the values of two data items at time t; by differentiating the data items, redundant data can be removed and the transmission efficiency can be improved;

[0070] S52. Multiple data items of the same data type are merged into one frame for transmission. By this process, the interaction times between the dual-mode modules during data transmission are reduced. When merging data items, timestamps are used to sort the data to ensure that the data items are transmitted in the correct time order:

[0071] T x <T y , where D x (t) is transmitted before D y (t);

[0072] Among them, T x and T y respectively represent the timestamps of the data items D x (t) and D y (t), ensuring the order of the data to avoid data loss or disorder;

[0073] S53. Before data transmission, the site performs vertical compression on the data, which is specifically carried out through the following steps: For the data received by the same relay agent, the site numbers the data of different sites, and by compressing the data of the same type, utilizes the repeatability of the same data segments to merge the same content parts and reduce redundant data:

[0074]

[0075] Among them, D compressed (t) represents the compressed data, represents the sum of all data of the same type, and identifier(t) represents the unique identifier of each data item to ensure correct identification and compression of the data;

[0076] S54. When performing data compression, the site compresses the data items of the site to the minimum number of bytes. When the same relay agent node receives voltage data from the site, the voltage data is merged and optimized encoded to reduce data redundancy.

[0077] S55. During the compression process, the site performs horizontal compression, that is, when the freezing period of the data items of the same user is consistent with data acquisition, the site integrates multiple data items into one frame for transmission;

[0078] S56. After data compression, the site uploads the compressed data to the relay agent or the central coordinator at the lowest transmission frequency. At this time, the compressed data retains the necessary accuracy and integrity to ensure that key information is not lost during the data transmission process.

[0079] Optionally, the specific content of S6 includes:

[0080] S61. In the dual-mode module of the site, according to the received signal strength data and network environment information, calculate the stability of each communication link. The site first collects the signal strength data from the central coordinator and the relay agent, and evaluates the signal quality of the current link based on these data:

[0081] S ij (t) = P ij (t) - ΔS ij (t);

[0082] Among them, S ij (t) represents the signal strength between the site and the relay agent or the central coordinator node, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the site, and ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, indicating the signal attenuation degree between the site and nodes i, j;

[0083] S62. Calculate the stability index for each link, which represents the reliability of the link at the current moment:

[0084]

[0085] where S i (t) is the signal strength received by the station, and P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator. ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value. The stability of each link is evaluated through this formula. The higher the value, the more stable the link, and it is more suitable as a path for data transmission;

[0086] S63. By calculating the stability index of each link, the station automatically selects the link with the highest stability index for data transmission based on these values. If the stability indices of multiple links are similar, the station will select the path with the smallest signal attenuation for data upload to ensure the reliability and low latency of data transmission;

[0087] S64. If the stability index between the station and the relay agent or central coordinator is lower than the set threshold, the station will re-evaluate the stability of the link based on the new signal strength data and select a new link with better signal strength for data transmission. If the stability of the link is still low, the station will choose to transmit data through other relay agents or central coordinators;

[0088] S65. In the dual-mode module of the station, a dynamic adjustment mechanism is used to evaluate each link in real time. Each time the station selects a link, it ranks all available links according to the stability index and signal strength of the link and selects the link with the best signal quality to upload data;

[0089] S66. After the station selects a link, the station adjusts the transmission mode according to the selected link. If the selected path is the power line carrier communication path, high-speed power line carrier is used for data transmission. If the selected path is the micro-power wireless path, micro-power wireless is used for data transmission;

[0090] S67. Monitor each link in real time and continuously adjust the link selection strategy according to the monitoring data. The station will dynamically select the transmission path according to factors such as the stability change of the link, signal strength fluctuation, and environmental interference. If the network environment changes drastically, the station will update the link selection strategy in a timely manner;

[0091] S68. Through the real-time evaluation of the link stability and signal strength, the station ensures the stability of data transmission and the reliability of the network. In different communication environments, the station can automatically select the best link for data transmission to achieve the optimal utilization of network resources and the maximization of data transmission efficiency.

[0092] Optionally, the S7 specifically includes:

[0093] S71. In the dual-mode module of the site, first, the received signal is monitored in real time to obtain the signal strength and signal attenuation degree between the site and each communication node. The communication nodes include relay agents and central coordinators;

[0094] S72. The site calculates the stability value of each communication link according to the received signal strength data and signal attenuation degree. The specific calculation formula is:

[0095]

[0096] where S i (t) represents the signal strength received by the site, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator, and ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value between the site and nodes i and j. This stability index reflects the reliability of the link. The larger the value, the more stable the link and the more suitable for data transmission;

[0097] S73. The site uses the calculated stability index to evaluate and sort all available communication links; for multiple links, the site selects the link with the highest stability index as the data transmission path. If the stability indices of multiple links are similar, the site preferentially selects the link with the smallest signal attenuation;

[0098] S74. If the stability index of the selected link is lower than the preset threshold, the site will re-evaluate the applicability of this link according to the current signal strength data. If this link still cannot meet the stability requirements, the site will initiate the link switching mechanism and select other links with the smallest signal attenuation and the highest stability index;

[0099] S75. To avoid the impact of unstable communication links on data transmission, the site uses the stability index to dynamically monitor the link in real time. Once the stability index of the link is lower than the set threshold, the site will perform link switching, and update the signal attenuation degree and stability value in the calculation process, and re-select a suitable communication link for data transmission:

[0100] Ξ min = min(Ξ ij (t)), if Ξ ij (t) < Ξ min , then switch to another path;

[0101] where Ξ min is the preset stability index threshold, and Ξ ij(t) is the stability index of the current link. If the stability index of a certain link is lower than this threshold, the station will automatically switch the link;

[0102] S76. In the dual-mode module of the station, the selection and switching of the link are based on the real-time calculated signal strength and stability index. By monitoring the signal strength and attenuation degree of each node in real time, the station can adjust the path in time when the link is unstable to ensure reliable data transmission;

[0103] S77. Through the dynamic monitoring and switching mechanism of the link, the station can ensure that even in the case of environmental changes or network load changes, it can still maintain the stability of the communication link and the high efficiency of data transmission. The selection and switching of the link are optimized through real-time feedback signal data, and finally the optimal selection of the data transmission path is realized;

[0104] S78. When the network environment is unstable, the station can also adjust the weight of the stability index calculation in real time through the built-in adaptive mechanism and adjust the link selection strategy to ensure the reliability and stability of data transmission in a complex communication environment.

[0105] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0106] By combining high-speed power line carrier and micro-power wireless dual-mode communication technologies, the present invention significantly improves the communication efficiency and data transmission stability in the power system. Compared with the traditional single communication technology, the present invention can effectively overcome the problems of signal attenuation and insufficient bandwidth in the power system. By automatically selecting the optimal communication path and making precise link adjustments between the substation nodes according to the signal strength and attenuation degree, the present invention can achieve more efficient and stable data transmission. Especially when the power line carrier signal is interfered by the environment, the present invention ensures the continuity and stability of communication by combining the micro-power wireless path, effectively avoiding the situation of data loss.

[0107] In addition, the present invention also greatly reduces the data transmission volume and improves the communication efficiency by adopting horizontal and vertical compression technologies. When facing a large-scale power system, the application of dual-mode communication not only improves the bandwidth utilization rate, but also reduces the communication load, providing technical support for the efficient operation of the power system. At the same time, the automatic selection mechanism of the dual-mode communication technology can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual network conditions to ensure that each node can transmit data in the optimal signal channel, greatly enhancing the reliability and stability of the system.

[0108] The beneficial effects of the present invention are also reflected in its wide adaptability and compatibility. In complex environments, such as in the presence of high noise interference, large-scale power grids, etc., the dual-mode communication method of the present invention can automatically adapt to various environmental changes and achieve stable data transmission. This makes the method not only have application prospects in traditional power systems, but also have broad application potential in future smart grids, energy management, equipment monitoring and other fields, providing an efficient and stable solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0109] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0110] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a data transmission method for improving the efficiency of dual-mode communication proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0111] Now, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, only showing the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so they only show the components related to the present invention.

[0112] Refer to Figure 1 , a data transmission method for improving the efficiency of dual-mode communication, includes the following steps:

[0113] S1. The central coordinator uses high-speed broadband carrier communication to send the substation node information to the dual-mode module of the site, so that the site dual-mode module can understand the substation topology relationship and whether there is a relay agent between the site and the central coordinator;

[0114] S2. In the site dual-mode module, according to the site signal strength, the number of relay agents, and the signal strengths received by the relay agent and the central coordinator, automatically select the stability of the communication link, and select the optimal network multicast method for data transmission;

[0115] S3. Utilize the signal attenuation data in the dual-mode module to calculate the stability of each node, and automatically select a stable relay node for data transmission according to the degree of signal attenuation;

[0116] S4. Evaluate the communication link of each node through the site, calculate the signal strengths from the site to the relay agent and the central coordinator, and select the path with the most stable signal strength for data upload;

[0117] S5. Compress the data during the communication process. Use horizontal compression to reduce the repeated transmission of the same user data items, and use vertical compression to reduce data redundancy through numbering and data compression when there are multiple sites;

[0118] S6. In the absence of a relay agent node, the station communicates directly with the central coordinator through the dual-mode module and automatically selects the best communication path according to the link stability.

[0119] S7. Select the optimal communication link according to the link stability and node stability to achieve efficient data transmission and network stability.

[0120] In this embodiment, S1 specifically includes:

[0121] S11. The central coordinator issues the substation area node information to the dual-mode modules of each station, and enables the station dual-mode module to obtain the substation area topology relationship and whether there is a relay agent between the station and the central coordinator.

[0122] S12. According to the substation area topology information, determine the communication link between each station and other nodes, and calculate the stability of each communication link according to the real-time signal strength to obtain the signal attenuation metric α(t).

[0123] S13. Calculate the signal attenuation metric α(t):

[0124]

[0125] Where P receive (i, j, t) is the signal strength received by node i at time t, P send (i, j, t) is the signal strength transmitted by node i at time t, and α(t) is the signal attenuation degree between nodes i and j at time t.

[0126] S14. According to the calculated signal attenuation metric α(t), evaluate the communication quality from the station to each relay agent and the central coordinator, and automatically select the most stable path for data transmission.

[0127] S15. In the dual-mode module, automatically adjust the communication path according to the evaluation result, and select the best network multicast mode according to the signal strength and stability.

[0128] S16. If the signal attenuation metric α(t) between the station and the relay agent or the central coordinator is less than the preset threshold ρ, automatically determine the communication path as a stable path.

[0129] In this embodiment, S2 specifically includes:

[0130] S21. In the station dual-mode module, initialize the signal strength matrix according to the received substation area topology information and signal strength data, and perform a preliminary screening of the communication link according to the signal strength matrix.

[0131] S22. Through the processing unit in the dual-mode module, calculate the signal strength and signal attenuation value between each node:

[0132] S ij S(t) = S i (t) - P ij (t);

[0133] Wherein, S i (t) is the signal strength of the site node i at time t, and P ij (t) is the signal strength received by node j at time t, and S ij (t) represents the signal attenuation degree between the site node and the relay agent or the central coordinator node;

[0134] S23. Calculate the communication stability between each node according to the signal attenuation degree of each node:

[0135]

[0136] Wherein, δ ij (t) represents the signal stability between the site node i and the relay agent or the central coordinator node j, and S i (t) is the signal strength of the site node i, and P ij (t) is the signal strength received by node j, and δ ij (t) The smaller the value, the more stable the communication between nodes;

[0137] S24. Evaluate the reliability of different communication paths based on the signal attenuation value and signal stability, and select the most stable path for data transmission;

[0138] S25. If a communication link or path with poor signal stability is found, dynamically adjust the communication path according to the amount of transmitted data and the real-time network conditions, and switch to another more stable path;

[0139] S26. During each data transmission process, the site re-evaluates the stability of the communication path according to the network topology change and the signal attenuation degree, and calculates the stability index of each link:

[0140]

[0141] Wherein, N is the number of nodes from the site to each relay agent or central coordinator, and ΔS ik (t) represents the signal attenuation degree from the site to each node k, and δ ij (t) represents the comprehensive stability of the link;

[0142] S27. After selecting the optimal path, the site selects the data transmission path according to the stability and bandwidth requirements of the path within the dual-mode module to ensure the efficiency and stability of the dual-mode communication;

[0143] S28. If there are multiple stable paths, the station selects the most suitable path for data transmission according to the load conditions and data priorities of the paths. The selection of the load balancing algorithm is based on the signal stability, bandwidth utilization rate, and data transmission requirements of each path;

[0144] S29. Through real-time monitoring and feedback mechanisms, continuously optimize the path selection, improve the dual-mode communication efficiency, ensure the smooth transmission of data between nodes, and reduce communication delays or interruptions caused by unstable signals.

[0145] In this embodiment, S3 specifically includes:

[0146] S31. Receive the signal strength data from the central coordinator and relay agent through the dual-mode module of the station, and obtain the signal strength values between each communication node;

[0147] S32. Calculate the signal attenuation values between each node according to the received signal strength data:

[0148] ΔS ij (t) = S i (t) - P ij (t);

[0149] Where i and j are the numbers of the station, relay agent, and central coordinator nodes, and t is the time variable, indicating the signal attenuation degree between nodes i and j at time t. S i (t) is the signal strength received by the station, and P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator node. ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, indicating the signal attenuation degree from the station to nodes i and j;

[0150] S33. Calculate the stability index between each station and different relay agents or central coordinator nodes. This stability index is evaluated by considering the ratio of the signal attenuation degree to the signal strength:

[0151]

[0152] Where Ξ ij (t) represents the stability index between the station and the relay agent or central coordinator node. S i (t) is the signal strength received by the station, and P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator node. ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, reflecting the stability and reliability of the link;

[0153] S34. Based on the calculated stability index, select the communication link with the highest stability index for data transmission. If the stability index is lower than the preset stability threshold, reselect the link according to the stability index;

[0154] S35. According to the stability of the selected link, the site dual-mode module adjusts the transmission mode. If the signal strength is high and the stability is good, select high-speed power line carrier as the transmission path. If the signal strength is low or there is significant attenuation, perform data transmission via micro-power wireless;

[0155] S36. Monitor the link stability between the site and the relay agent or the central coordinator in real time, and automatically adjust the calculation of the signal attenuation degree and the stability evaluation according to environmental changes to ensure link stability during communication. If the network environment changes, the site will recalculate the stability index based on the new signal strength data and dynamically adjust the optimal transmission path;

[0156] S37. During the dual-mode communication process, the site selects the most stable link path in real time according to the stability evaluation results of each node to ensure the reliability and real-time performance of data transmission and avoid data loss or delay caused by signal attenuation or environmental interference.

[0157] In this embodiment, S4 specifically includes:

[0158] S41. Receive the signal strength data from the central coordinator or the relay agent in the dual-mode module of the site, and calculate the stability of each communication link based on these data. Specifically, by analyzing the signal strength and the attenuation value, calculate the stability index of each link:

[0159]

[0160] Among them, S i (t) is the signal strength received by the site, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or the central coordinator node, ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, Ξ ij (t) represents the stability index between the site and the relay agent or the central coordinator;

[0161] S42. Based on the calculated stability index, for each site, select the link with the largest stability index for data upload. If the stability indices of multiple links are equal or close, select the link with higher stability according to the signal strength. This process ensures that each site selects a stable communication path;

[0162] S43. If the link stability index between the site and the relay agent or the central coordinator is lower than the predetermined threshold, re-evaluate the availability of the link. By calculating the stability index of the link and comparing it with other available links, select a link with higher stability for data upload. If there is no stable link, the site will choose to transmit data through other relay agents or central coordinators;

[0163] S44. After selecting the link, the dual-mode module of the site automatically adjusts the communication mode. If the selected link is a power line carrier communication path, use high-speed power line carrier for data transmission. If the selected link is a micro-power wireless path, perform data transmission through micro-power wireless. The site optimizes the communication method according to the actual communication conditions and path selection to ensure the stability and reliability of data transmission;

[0164] S45. Real-time monitor the communication link between each site and its selected communication node. By monitoring the change of signal strength and the fluctuation of the stability index, automatically adjust the link path. If it is found during the communication process that the link stability decreases or the signal attenuation intensifies, the site will recalculate the stability index and select a new link with higher stability for data transmission;

[0165] S46. In the dual-mode module of the site, after each selection of the communication link, use the dynamic adjustment mechanism to update the network topology in real time. Through the feedback of real-time signal strength data, the site can dynamically select the optimal link path according to the changes in the actual environment. This process ensures that even when the environment changes or the network load changes, the site can still maintain stable data transmission;

[0166] S47. The dual-mode module of the site dynamically selects the optimal path by monitoring and adjusting the communication link in each data upload cycle, avoiding communication interruptions caused by signal attenuation, unstable paths, or network congestion.

[0167] In this embodiment, S5 specifically includes:

[0168] S51. In the dual-mode module of the site, receive data from the central coordinator or the relay agent, and calculate its stability and transmission efficiency according to the received data. First, classify the data according to the type of data item, compress the same type of data, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0169] ΔD xy (t) = D x (t) - D y (t);

[0170] Where, ΔD xy (t) represents the difference between different data items, D x (t) and Dy Let D(t) denote the values of two data items at time t. By differentiating the data items, redundant data can be removed and the transmission efficiency can be improved.

[0171] S52. Combine multiple data items of the same data type into one frame for transmission. By this process, reduce the number of interactions between the dual-mode modules during data transmission. When combining data items, use timestamps to sort the data to ensure that the data items are transmitted in the correct chronological order:

[0172] T x <T y , where D x (t) is transmitted before D y (t);

[0173] Among them, T x and T y respectively represent the timestamps of data items D x (t) and D y (t), ensuring the sequentiality of the data to avoid data loss or disorder;

[0174] S53. Before data transmission, the site performs vertical compression on the data. The compression is specifically carried out through the following steps: For the data received by the same relay agent, the site numbers the data of different sites and compresses the data of the same type. By utilizing the repeatability of the same data segments, merge the identical content parts to reduce redundant data:

[0175]

[0176] Among them, D compressed (t) represents the compressed data, represents the sum of all data of the same type, and identifier(t) represents the unique identifier of each data item, ensuring the correct identification and compression of the data;

[0177] S54. When performing data compression, the site compresses the data items of the site to the minimum number of bytes. When the voltage data received from the site by the same relay agent node, merge and optimize the encoding of the voltage data to reduce data redundancy.

[0178] S55. During the compression process, the site performs horizontal compression, that is, when the freezing period of the data items of the same user is consistent with data acquisition, the site integrates multiple data items into one frame for transmission;

[0179] S56. After data compression, the site uploads the compressed data to the relay agent or the central coordinator at the lowest transmission frequency. At this time, the compressed data retains the necessary accuracy and integrity to ensure that key information is not lost during data transmission.

[0180] In this embodiment, S6 specifically includes:

[0181] S61. In the dual-mode module of the site, according to the received signal strength data and network environment information, calculate the stability of each communication link. The site first collects the signal strength data from the central coordinator and the relay agent, and evaluates the signal quality of the current link based on this data:

[0182] S ij (t) = P ij (t) - ΔS ij (t);

[0183] Among them, S ij (t) represents the signal strength between the site and the relay agent or the central coordinator node, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the site, and ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, indicating the signal attenuation degree between the site and nodes i and j;

[0184] S62. Calculate the stability index of each link, which represents the reliability of the link at the current moment:

[0185]

[0186] Among them, S i (t) is the signal strength received by the site, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or the central coordinator, and ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value. Evaluate the stability of each link through this formula. The higher the value, the more stable the link, and it is suitable as the path for data transmission;

[0187] S63. By calculating the stability index of each link, the site automatically selects the link with the highest stability index for data transmission according to these values. If the stability indices of multiple links are similar, the site will select the path with the smallest signal attenuation for data upload to ensure the reliability and low latency of data transmission;

[0188] S64. If the stability index between the site and the relay agent or the central coordinator is lower than the set threshold, the site will re-evaluate the stability of the link according to the new signal strength data and select a new link with better signal strength for data transmission. If the stability of the link is still low, the site will select to transmit data through other relay agents or central coordinators;

[0189] S65. Within the dual-mode module of the site, a dynamic adjustment mechanism is used to perform real-time evaluation on each link. Each time the site selects a link, all available links are ranked according to the stability index and signal strength of that link, and the link with the best signal quality is selected to upload data.

[0190] S66. After the site selects a link, the site adjusts the transmission mode according to the selected link. If the selected path is the power line carrier communication path, high-speed power line carrier is used for data transmission. If the selected path is the micro-power wireless path, micro-power wireless is used for data transmission.

[0191] S67. Each link is monitored in real time, and the link selection strategy is continuously adjusted according to the monitoring data. The site dynamically selects the transmission path according to factors such as the change in link stability, signal strength fluctuation, and environmental interference. If the network environment changes drastically, the site will update the link selection strategy in a timely manner.

[0192] S68. Through the real-time evaluation of link stability and signal strength, the site ensures the stability of data transmission and the reliability of the network. In different communication environments, the site can automatically select the best link for data transmission, realizing the optimal utilization of network resources and the maximization of data transmission efficiency.

[0193] In this embodiment, S7 specifically includes:

[0194] S71. Within the dual-mode module of the site, the received signals are first monitored in real time to obtain the signal strength and signal attenuation degree between the site and each communication node. The communication nodes include relay agents and central coordinators.

[0195] S72. The site calculates the stability value of each communication link according to the received signal strength data and signal attenuation degree. The specific calculation formula is:

[0196]

[0197] Where S i (t) represents the signal strength received by the site, and P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator. ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value between the site and nodes i, j. This stability index reflects the reliability of the link. The larger the value, the more stable the link and the more suitable for data transmission.

[0198] S73. The station evaluates and ranks all available communication links using the calculated stability index; for multiple links, the station selects the link with the highest stability index as the data transmission path. If the stability indices of multiple links are similar, the station preferentially selects the link with the least signal attenuation;

[0199] S74. If the stability index of the selected link is lower than a preset threshold, the station will re-evaluate the applicability of this link based on the current signal strength data. If this link still cannot meet the stability requirements, the station will initiate a link switching mechanism and select other links with the least signal attenuation and the highest stability index;

[0200] S75. To avoid the impact of unstable communication links on data transmission, the station uses the stability index to dynamically monitor the link in real time. Once the stability index of the link is lower than the set threshold, the station will perform link switching, and update the signal attenuation degree and stability value in the calculation process, and re-select a suitable communication link for data transmission:

[0201] Ξ min =min(Ξ ij (t)),ifΞ ij (t)<Ξ min ,then switchto anotherpath;

[0202] Where, Ξ min is the preset stability index threshold, Ξ ij (t) is the stability index of the current link. If the stability index of a certain link is lower than this threshold, the station will automatically switch the link;

[0203] S76. In the dual-mode module of the station, the selection and switching of links are based on the signal strength and stability index calculated in real time. By real-time monitoring the signal strength and attenuation degree of each node, the station can adjust the path in time when the link is unstable to ensure reliable data transmission;

[0204] S77. Through the dynamic monitoring and switching mechanism of the link, the station can ensure that even in the case of environmental changes or network load changes, it can still maintain the stability of the communication link and the efficiency of data transmission. The selection and switching of the link are optimized through real-time feedback signal data, and finally the optimal selection of the data transmission path is realized;

[0205] S78. When the network environment is unstable, the station can also adjust the weight of the stability index calculation in real time through the built-in adaptive mechanism, and adjust the link selection strategy to ensure the reliability and stability of data transmission in a complex communication environment.

[0206] Embodiment 1:

[0207] In this embodiment, a typical power system scenario is selected for experimental verification. In this scenario, we simulate a large-scale power area containing multiple power nodes. There are a large number of electrical equipment in the area, and the data acquisition frequency is high. A large amount of monitoring data needs to be transmitted in real time and stably. Due to the particularity of power lines and wireless signals in this environment, the traditional single communication method (such as relying only on high-speed power line carrier or micro-power wireless) can no longer meet the data transmission requirements in this scenario.

[0208] This power area is located in a large industrial park in a certain province, with an area of about 50 square kilometers, containing hundreds of power consumption nodes and multiple power substations. The power load is large and fluctuates significantly. Due to the large number of power equipment and complex geographical environment in this area, problems such as packet loss, unstable communication, and data attenuation often occur in the signal transmission of existing high-speed power line carrier and micro-power wireless communication technologies. Especially during peak load periods, the signal attenuation problem is particularly prominent, resulting in inaccurate data acquisition of the monitoring system and even transmission failures, bringing great troubles to the real-time monitoring and dispatching of the power system.

[0209] To solve the above problems, this embodiment applies the dual-mode communication method proposed by the present invention, combines the high-speed power line carrier and micro-power wireless dual-mode communication technologies, and optimizes the communication network in this power area through technical means such as intelligent selection of communication paths, automatic evaluation of signal attenuation, and data compression. Through this dual-mode communication technology, it is possible to ensure supplementary communication using micro-power wireless in areas with severe power line signal attenuation, and to make full use of high-speed power line carrier in areas suitable for power line carrier transmission, improving the overall communication efficiency and stability.

[0210] Specifically, in this embodiment, a number of dual-mode modules are installed in this area. These modules communicate with the central coordinator node, multiple relay agent nodes, and multiple site nodes in the power area respectively. During the experiment, the communication effects under different time periods and different load conditions are tested, and the data transmission effects are monitored and recorded.

[0211] At the initial stage of the experiment, we first tested the effect of data transmission using the traditional single-mode high-speed power line carrier communication method. During peak load periods (such as 3 pm to 5 pm every day), due to the excessive load on the power line and interference on the power line, the signal attenuation of the traditional high-speed power line carrier communication was severe, resulting in incomplete signal coverage and unsuccessful transmission of some data. At this time, the data feedback by the monitoring system showed that about 10% of the data was lost or incomplete during this period, especially in the substations far from the central coordinator, where the signal could hardly be stably transmitted. More seriously, the monitoring systems in some areas could not obtain real-time data at all, resulting in power dispatchers being unable to timely understand the load and equipment status of each substation, affecting the management and emergency response of the power system.

[0212] Then, we adopted the dual-mode communication scheme of the present invention, combining the high-speed power line carrier and the micro-power wireless communication methods. During peak hours, when the signal attenuation of the power line carrier was severe, the system would automatically switch to the micro-power wireless communication path for data transmission. After the optimization of the dual-mode communication, the signal attenuation problem was effectively alleviated, and the data transmission success rate was significantly improved. The data showed that after using the dual-mode communication scheme, the overall data transmission success rate in the power area increased by more than 20%, especially in the substations far from the central coordinator, where the data loss rate dropped to less than 2%. Through real-time data monitoring, we could see that even during periods of large load fluctuations, the dual-mode communication network could operate stably, ensuring the accuracy and real-time nature of the monitoring data of the power system.

[0213] Specific data demonstrated the superiority of this scheme. For example, in the data collection of a certain substation, the success rate of using the traditional high-speed power line carrier communication was 85%, while after using the dual-mode communication scheme, the success rate of data collection increased to 98%. In addition, the dual-mode communication scheme also significantly improved the anti-interference ability of the system. During the one-day experiment, the power line carrier signal was greatly interfered by the outside, but the dual-mode communication system ensured the continuous transmission of data by supplementing the communication link with micro-power wireless. At the end of the experiment, we found that during peak load periods in the entire power area, after using the dual-mode communication scheme, the data loss rate dropped below 1%, significantly improving the reliability of the communication system.

[0214] Further analysis shows that the dual-mode communication scheme not only improves the stability of data transmission, but also effectively reduces the load of the communication system. By using micro-power wireless for supplementary communication, it avoids the overload of the high-speed power line carrier communication channel and reduces the bandwidth consumption. At the same time, the adopted horizontal and vertical data compression technologies further reduce the amount of data transmission and improve the bandwidth utilization rate. For example, after merging multiple electrical quantity data items into one frame for transmission through horizontal compression, the amount of data transmission is reduced by more than 30%, further improving the communication efficiency. Vertical compression numbers the electrical quantity data of the same type and compresses the repeated data, successfully reducing the transmission of redundant data and optimizing the use of network bandwidth resources.

[0215] In summary, in the actual application of the power system, this embodiment successfully solves the bottleneck problem of traditional communication methods in complex environments by adopting the dual-mode communication technology. Through intelligent path selection, automatic evaluation of signal attenuation, and data compression technology, the present invention significantly improves the stability, efficiency, and reliability of communication, providing an efficient and stable communication solution for the power system. The test results show that the dual-mode communication scheme not only significantly improves the success rate of data transmission, but also exhibits good performance in terms of data loss rate, bandwidth utilization rate, and anti-interference ability, greatly enhancing the real-time monitoring and emergency response capabilities of the power system.

Claims

1. A data transmission method for improving dual-mode communication efficiency, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The central coordinator uses high-speed broadband carrier communication to send the area node information to the dual-mode module of the site, so that the site dual-mode module can understand the area topology relationship and whether there is a relay agent from the site to the central coordinator; S2. In the site dual-mode module, according to the site signal strength, the number of relay agents, and the signal strength received by the relay agents and the central coordinator, the stability of the communication link is automatically selected, and the optimal network multicast mode is selected for data transmission; S3, using the signal attenuation data in the dual-mode module, calculate the stability of each node, and automatically select a stable relay node for data transmission according to the signal attenuation degree; S4, evaluate the communication link of each node through the site, calculate the signal strength from the site to the relay agent and the central coordinator, and select the path with the most stable signal strength for data upload; S5. Compress the data during the communication process, use horizontal compression to reduce repeated transmission of the same user data items, and use vertical compression to reduce data redundancy through numbering and data compression for multiple sites; S6. In the absence of a relay agent node, the station communicates directly with the central coordinator through the dual-mode module and automatically selects the best communication path based on the link stability; S7. Select the optimal communication link based on link stability and node stability to achieve efficient data transmission and network stability.

2. A data transmission method for improving dual-mode communication efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 specifically includes: S11, sending the area node information to the dual-mode module of each site through the central coordinator, and enabling the site dual-mode module to obtain the area topology relationship and whether there is a relay agent between the site and the central coordinator; S12, according to the area topology information, determine the communication link between each site and other nodes, and calculate the stability of each communication link according to the real-time signal strength to obtain the signal attenuation metric α(t); S13. Calculate the signal attenuation metric α(t): Among them, P receive (i,j,t) is the signal strength received by node i at time t, P send (i, j, t) is the signal strength sent by node i at time t, and α(t) is the signal attenuation degree of nodes i and j at time t; S14, based on the calculated signal attenuation metric α(t), evaluate the communication quality from the site to each relay agent and the central coordinator, and automatically select the most stable path for data transmission; S15, in the dual-mode module, automatically adjusting the communication path according to the evaluation results, and selecting the best network multicast mode according to the signal strength and stability; S16. If the signal attenuation metric α(t) between the site and the relay agent or the central coordinator is less than a preset threshold ρ, the communication path is automatically determined to be a stable path.

3. A data transmission method for improving dual-mode communication efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S2 specifically includes: S21, in the site dual-mode module, initialize the signal strength matrix according to the received area topology information and signal strength data, and preliminarily screen the communication links according to the signal strength matrix; S22. Calculate the signal strength and signal attenuation value between each node through the processing unit in the dual-mode module: S ij (t)=S i (t)-P ij (t); Among them, S i (t) is the signal strength of site node i at time t, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by node j at time t, S ij (t) represents the signal attenuation degree between the site node and the relay agent or central coordinator node; S23. Calculate the communication stability between nodes based on the signal attenuation degree of each node: Among them, δ ij (t) represents the signal stability between site node i and relay agent or central coordinator node j, S i (t) is the signal strength of site node i, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by node j, δ ij The smaller the (t) value, the more stable the communication between nodes; S24, based on the signal attenuation value and the signal stability, evaluating the reliability of different communication paths, and selecting the most stable path for data transmission; S25. If a communication link or path with poor signal stability is found, dynamically adjust the communication path according to the amount of transmitted data and real-time network conditions to switch to another more stable path; S26. During each data transmission process, the site re-evaluates the stability of the communication path according to the network topology changes and signal attenuation degree, and calculates the stability index of each link: Where N is the number of nodes from the site to each relay agent or central coordinator, ΔS ik (t) represents the signal attenuation degree from the site to each node k, δ ij (t) represents the comprehensive stability of the link; S27. After selecting the optimal path, the dual-mode module of the site selects a data transmission path according to the stability and bandwidth requirements of the path to ensure the efficiency and stability of the dual-mode communication; S28. If there are multiple stable paths, the site uses a load balancing algorithm to select the most suitable path for data transmission according to the load conditions and data priority of the paths. The selection of the load balancing algorithm is based on the signal stability, bandwidth utilization and data transmission requirements of each path. S29. Through real-time monitoring and feedback mechanisms, we continuously optimize path selection, improve dual-mode communication efficiency, ensure smooth data transmission between nodes, and reduce communication delays or interruptions caused by unstable signals.

4. A data transmission method for improving dual-mode communication efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 specifically includes: S31, receiving signal strength data from the central coordinator and the relay agent through the dual-mode module of the site, and obtaining the signal strength value between each communication node; S32. Calculate the signal attenuation value between each node according to the received signal strength data: ΔS ij (t)=S i (t)-P ij (t); Where i and j are the numbers of the site, relay agent and central coordinator nodes, t is a time variable, indicating the signal attenuation between nodes i and j at time t, S i (t) is the signal strength received by the station, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator node, ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, which indicates the signal attenuation degree from the site to nodes i and j; S33. Calculate the stability index between each site and different relay agents or central coordinator nodes, where the stability index is evaluated by considering the ratio of the degree of signal attenuation to the signal strength: Among them, ij (t) represents the stability index between the site and the relay agent or central coordinator node, S i (t) is the signal strength received by the station, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator node, ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, which reflects the stability and reliability of the link; S34, according to the calculated stability index, selecting the communication link with the highest stability index for data transmission, if the stability index is lower than a preset stability threshold, reselecting the link according to the stability index; S35. The site dual-mode module adjusts the transmission mode according to the stability of the selected link. If the signal strength is high and the stability is good, the high-speed power line carrier is selected as the transmission path. If the signal strength is low or there is a large attenuation, data transmission is performed through micro-power wireless. S36. Monitor the link stability between the site and the relay agent or central coordinator in real time, and automatically adjust the calculation of signal attenuation and stability assessment according to environmental changes to ensure link stability during communication. If the network environment changes, the site will recalculate the stability index based on the new signal strength data and dynamically adjust the optimal transmission path. S37. During dual-mode communication, the site selects the most stable link path in real time based on the stability evaluation results of each node to ensure the reliability and real-time performance of data transmission and avoid data loss or delay due to signal attenuation or environmental interference.

5. A data transmission method for improving dual-mode communication efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S4 specifically includes: S41. Receive signal strength data from the central coordinator or relay agent in the dual-mode module of the site, and calculate the stability of each communication link based on the data. Specifically, the stability index of each link is calculated by analyzing the signal strength and attenuation value: Among them, S i (t) is the signal strength received by the station, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator node, ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, ij (t) is the stability index between the site and the relay agent or central coordinator; S42. Based on the calculated stability index, for each site, select the link with the largest stability index for data upload. If the stability indexes of multiple links are equal or close, select the link with higher stability according to the signal strength. This process ensures that each site selects a stable communication path. S43, if the link stability index between the station and the relay agent or the central coordinator is lower than a predetermined threshold, the availability of the link is re-evaluated, and a link with higher stability is selected for data upload by calculating the stability index of the link and comparing it with other available links. If there is no stable link, the station will choose to transmit data through other relay agents or central coordinators; S44. After selecting a link, the site dual-mode module automatically adjusts the communication mode. If the selected link is a power line carrier communication path, high-speed power line carrier is used for data transmission. If the selected link is a micro-power wireless path, data transmission is performed through micro-power wireless. The site optimizes the communication mode according to the actual communication conditions and path selection to ensure the stability and reliability of data transmission. S45, monitor the communication link between each station and its selected communication node in real time, and automatically adjust the link path by monitoring the change of signal strength and the fluctuation of stability index. If the link stability is found to be reduced or the signal attenuation is aggravated during the communication process, the station will recalculate the stability index and select a new link with higher stability for data transmission; S46. In the dual-mode module of the site, after each communication link is selected, the network topology is updated in real time using a dynamic adjustment mechanism. Through the feedback of real-time signal strength data, the site can dynamically select the optimal link path according to changes in the actual environment. This process ensures that the site can maintain stable data transmission even when the environment or network load changes; S47, the site dual-mode module monitors and adjusts the communication link during each data upload cycle, dynamically selects the optimal path, and avoids communication interruptions due to signal attenuation, path instability, or network congestion.

6. A data transmission method for improving dual-mode communication efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S5 specifically includes: S51. In the dual-mode module of the site, data from the central coordinator or relay agent is received, and the stability and transmission efficiency thereof are calculated based on the received data. First, the data is classified and processed according to the type of data item, and the data of the same type is compressed. The specific calculation formula is as follows: ΔD xy (t)=D x (t)-D y (t); Where, ΔD xy (t) represents the difference between different data items, D x (t) and D y (t) respectively represent the values ​​of two data items at time t; by performing differential processing on the data items, redundant data can be removed and the transmission efficiency can be improved; S52, merging multiple data items of the same data type into one frame for transmission, through which the number of interactions between the dual-mode modules during data transmission is reduced, and when merging data items, the data are sorted using timestamps to ensure that the data items are transmitted in the correct time sequence: T x <T y ,where D x (t)is transmittedbefore D y (t); Among them, T x and T y Respectively represent data items D x (t) and D y (t) Timestamp to ensure the order of data to avoid data loss or confusion; S53. Before data transmission, the site compresses the data longitudinally, specifically through the following steps: for data received by the same relay agent, the site numbers the data of different sites, and compresses the same type of data, utilizes the repetitiveness of the same data segments, merges the same content parts, and reduces redundant data: Among them, D compressed (t) represents the compressed data, It represents the sum of all data of the same type, and identifier(t) represents the unique identifier of each data item, ensuring that the data is correctly identified and compressed; S54, when performing data compression, the site compresses the data items of the site to the minimum number of bytes, and when the same relay agent node receives voltage data from the site, the voltage data is merged and optimized for coding to reduce data redundancy. S55. During the compression process, the site performs horizontal compression, that is, when the freezing period of data items of the same user and the data collection are consistent, the site integrates multiple data items into one frame for transmission; S56. After data compression, the site uploads the compressed data to the relay agent or central coordinator at the lowest transmission frequency. At this time, the compressed data retains the necessary accuracy and integrity to ensure that key information is not lost during data transmission.

7. A data transmission method for improving dual-mode communication efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S6 specifically includes: S61. In the dual-mode module of the site, the stability of each communication link is calculated based on the received signal strength data and network environment information. The site first collects signal strength data from the central coordinator and the relay agent, and evaluates the signal quality of the current link based on this data: S ij (t)=P ij (t)-ΔS ij (t); Among them, S ij (t) represents the signal strength between the station and the relay agent or central coordinator node, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the station, ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value, which indicates the signal attenuation degree between the station and nodes i and j; S62. Calculate the stability index of each link, which indicates the reliability of the link at the current moment: Among them, S i (t) is the signal strength received by the station, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator, ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value. This formula is used to evaluate the stability of each link. The higher the value, the more stable the link is, and it is suitable for use as a data transmission path. S63. By calculating the stability index of each link, the station automatically selects the link with the highest stability index for data transmission based on these values. If the stability indexes of multiple links are similar, the station will select the path with the smallest signal attenuation for data upload to ensure the reliability and low latency of data transmission; S64. If the stability index between the station and the relay agent or the central coordinator is lower than the set threshold, the station will re-evaluate the stability of the link based on the new signal strength data and select a new link with better signal strength for data transmission. If the stability of the link is still low, the station will choose to transmit data through other relay agents or central coordinators. S65. In the dual-mode module of the site, a dynamic adjustment mechanism is used to evaluate each link in real time. Each time the site selects a link, all available links are ranked according to the stability index and signal strength of the link, and the link with the best signal quality is selected to upload data. S66. After the site selects a link, the site adjusts the transmission mode according to the selected link. If the power line carrier communication path is selected, the high-speed power line carrier is used for data transmission. If the micro-power wireless path is selected, the micro-power wireless is used for data transmission. S67, monitor each link in real time and continuously adjust the link selection strategy based on the monitoring data. The site will dynamically select the transmission path based on factors such as link stability changes, signal strength fluctuations and environmental interference. If the network environment changes dramatically, the site will update the link selection strategy in a timely manner; S68. Through real-time evaluation of link stability and signal strength, the site ensures the stability of data transmission and the reliability of the network. In different communication environments, the site can automatically select the best link for data transmission, thereby achieving optimal utilization of network resources and maximizing data transmission efficiency.

8. A data transmission method for improving dual-mode communication efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S7 specifically includes: S71. In the dual-mode module of the site, firstly, real-time monitoring of the received signal is performed to obtain the signal strength and signal attenuation between the site and each communication node, wherein the communication nodes include a relay agent and a central coordinator; S72. The station calculates the stability value of each communication link according to the received signal strength data and signal attenuation. The specific calculation formula is: Among them, S i (t) represents the signal strength received by the station, P ij (t) is the signal strength received by the relay agent or central coordinator, ΔS ij (t) is the signal attenuation value between the station and nodes i and j. This stability index reflects the reliability of the link. The larger the value, the more stable the link is, which is suitable for data transmission. S73, the station uses the calculated stability index to evaluate and sort all available communication links; for multiple links, the station selects the link with the highest stability index as the data transmission path, and if the stability indexes of multiple links are similar, the station preferentially selects the link with the smallest signal attenuation; S74. If the stability index of the selected link is lower than the preset threshold, the station will re-evaluate the suitability of the link based on the current signal strength data. If the link still cannot meet the stability requirement, the station will start the link switching mechanism and select another link with the smallest signal attenuation and the highest stability index. S75. In order to prevent the unstable communication link from affecting data transmission, the site uses the stability index to dynamically monitor the link in real time. Once the stability index of the link is lower than the set threshold, the site will switch the link and update the signal attenuation and stability value in the calculation process, and reselect the appropriate communication link for data transmission: Ξ min =min(Ξ ij (t)),ifΞ ij (t)<Ξ min ,then switchto anotherpath; Among them, min is the preset stability index threshold, ij (t) is the stability index of the current link. If the stability index of a link is lower than the threshold, the station will automatically switch the link. S76. In the dual-mode module of the site, the link selection and switching are based on the real-time calculated signal strength and stability index. By real-time monitoring of the signal strength and attenuation of each node, the site can adjust the path in time when the link is unstable to ensure reliable data transmission; S77. The site can ensure the stability of the communication link and the efficiency of data transmission through dynamic monitoring and switching mechanisms of the link, even when the environment or network load changes. The selection and switching of the link are optimized through real-time feedback signal data, and ultimately the optimal selection of the data transmission path is achieved; S78. When the network environment is unstable, the site can also use the built-in adaptive mechanism to adjust the weight of the stability index calculation in real time and adjust the link selection strategy to ensure the reliability and stability of data transmission in a complex communication environment.

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