Smart valve group and control system for irrigation and water conservancy projects

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of irrigation valve control, and more specifically, to an intelligent valve group and control system for irrigation water conservancy projects. The system first obtains moisture data at each moment for different soil depths in the irrigation area where each sprinkler valve is located, as well as the valve opening degree of each sprinkler valve during the most recent irrigation. For each irrigation area, the moisture data at different soil depths is divided to obtain an irrigation cycle for each soil depth. Based on the changes in moisture data during each irrigation cycle at each soil depth, the water demand for each soil depth is obtained. Based on the difference in water demand at the same soil depth between each irrigation area and other irrigation areas, as well as the valve opening degree of other irrigation areas, the optimal valve opening degree for each irrigation area is obtained, and crops are irrigated. The present invention can precisely control the opening degree of sprinkler valves to adapt to the current crop's water demand and improve irrigation effectiveness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of irrigation valve control, and in particular to an intelligent valve group and control system for irrigation water conservancy projects. Background Art

[0002] Smart valve manifolds and control systems for irrigation projects are intelligent devices that integrate sensors, controllers, and communication technologies. They monitor environmental data in real time and automatically adjust valve openings to precisely control water flow and achieve precision irrigation. In irrigation projects, smart valve manifolds can monitor and regulate water flow in real time, dynamically controlling the irrigation process based on soil moisture, crop needs, and environmental conditions. This ensures crops receive the appropriate amount of water, increases crop yields, optimizes water resource utilization, and reduces waste. Through automated and intelligent management, they reduce the complexity and risk of errors in manual operations, ultimately improving agricultural production efficiency.

[0003] In related technologies, crops in the irrigation area are usually irrigated using sprinkler valves with fixed openings. However, since crops have different water requirements at different growth periods or stages, excessive irrigation may cause root hypoxia at certain growth stages, or insufficient irrigation may affect crop growth. As a result, existing methods cannot accurately control the opening of the sprinkler valve based on the current water requirements of the crops, thereby reducing the irrigation effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem that existing methods cannot accurately control the opening of sprinkler valves based on the current water demand of crops, thereby reducing irrigation efficiency, the present invention aims to provide an intelligent valve group and control system for irrigation water conservancy projects. The technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0005] The present invention proposes a control system for an irrigation water conservancy project, the control system comprising:

[0006] The data acquisition module is used to obtain the moisture data of different soil depths in the irrigation area where each sprinkler valve is located at each moment, and also obtain the valve opening degree of each sprinkler valve during the most recent irrigation;

[0007] a cycle division module for taking the irrigation area where any sprinkler valve is located as the target irrigation area, taking any soil depth in the target irrigation area as the target soil depth, and obtaining the irrigation cycle of the target soil depth based on the change of the moisture data at each moment of the target soil depth;

[0008] a water demand analysis module, configured to use the last irrigation cycle of each soil depth in the target irrigation area as the current irrigation cycle of each soil depth, and use the irrigation cycles other than the current irrigation cycle as the reference irrigation cycles of each soil depth, and obtain the water demand of the target soil depth based on the change of the moisture data at each moment in each irrigation cycle of the target soil depth, and the difference of the moisture data at each moment between the current irrigation cycle and each reference irrigation cycle of each soil depth in the target irrigation area;

[0009] The valve control module is used to obtain a valve opening reference degree for each other irrigation area based on the difference in the water demand degree at the same soil depth between the target irrigation area and other irrigation areas other than the target irrigation area; obtain the optimal valve opening degree for the target irrigation area based on the valve opening degree of the sprinkler valve of each other irrigation area during the most recent irrigation and the valve opening reference degree, and irrigate the crops with the sprinkler valve of each irrigation area at the corresponding optimal valve opening degree.

[0010] Furthermore, the irrigation cycle for obtaining the target soil depth includes:

[0011] The minimum value of the moisture data of the target soil depth at each moment is used as the minimum moisture data of the target soil depth;

[0012] The time period between any two adjacent minimum moisture data at the target soil depth is regarded as an irrigation cycle at the target soil depth.

[0013] Furthermore, obtaining the moisture requirement of the target soil depth includes:

[0014] Taking any irrigation cycle of the target soil depth as the target irrigation cycle, and taking the maximum value of the humidity data at all times in the target irrigation cycle as the maximum humidity data of the target irrigation cycle;

[0015] The time period between the moment corresponding to the maximum humidity data of the target irrigation cycle and the last moment of the target irrigation cycle is used as the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle;

[0016] Obtaining a humidity drop index and a humidity level index of the target irrigation cycle according to changes in the humidity data at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle;

[0017] obtaining a reference weight of the target irrigation area with respect to each reference irrigation cycle according to a difference in the maximum moisture data between the current irrigation cycle and each reference irrigation cycle at each soil depth of the target irrigation area;

[0018] Using a weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, curve fitting is performed on the moisture decline index of each reference irrigation cycle at the target soil depth to obtain a first suspected rooting time and a first water requirement coefficient at the target soil depth;

[0019] Using a weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area with respect to each reference irrigation cycle, curve fitting is performed on the moisture level index of all reference irrigation cycles of the target soil depth to obtain a second suspected rooting time and a second water requirement coefficient of the target soil depth;

[0020] Combining the first water demand coefficient and the second water demand coefficient of the target soil depth to obtain a comprehensive water demand coefficient of the target soil depth;

[0021] performing negative correlation normalization processing on the absolute value of the difference between the first suspected rooting time and the second suspected rooting time at the target soil depth to obtain a water demand confidence level at the target soil depth;

[0022] The product value of the water demand confidence of the target soil depth and the comprehensive water demand coefficient is used as the water demand degree of the target soil depth.

[0023] Furthermore, obtaining the humidity drop index and humidity level index of the target irrigation cycle includes:

[0024] taking the difference between the humidity data at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle and the humidity data at the next adjacent moment as the instantaneous downward trend of the humidity at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle;

[0025] The average value of the instantaneous downward trend of humidity at all moments within a preset time domain window at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle is used as the local downward trend of humidity at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle;

[0026] The humidity drop index and humidity level index of the target irrigation cycle are obtained based on the calculation formulas of the humidity drop index and humidity level index, respectively. The calculation formulas of the humidity drop index and humidity level index are as follows:

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] in, Indicates the humidity drop index of the target irrigation cycle; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The local downward trend of humidity at each moment; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The local downward trend of humidity at each moment; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The instantaneous downward trend of humidity at a certain moment; represents the number of all moments in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle; An index representing the moisture level for the target irrigation cycle; It represents the maximum value of the local downward trend of humidity at all moments in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The local downward trend of humidity at each moment; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. Humidity data at a certain moment.

[0030] Furthermore, obtaining the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle includes:

[0031] Based on the calculation formula of the reference weight, the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle is obtained. The calculation formula of the reference weight is:

[0032]

[0033] in, Indicates the target irrigation area with respect to Reference weights for each reference irrigation cycle; Indicates the target irrigation area The depth value corresponding to the soil depth; Indicates the target irrigation area The depth value corresponding to the soil depth; Indicates the target irrigation area The soil depth Maximum humidity data for a reference irrigation cycle; Indicates the target irrigation area Maximum moisture data for the current irrigation cycle at each soil depth; Indicates the number of different soil depths; Represents the normalization function, used for normalization processing.

[0034] Furthermore, obtaining the first suspected rooting time and the first water requirement coefficient of the target soil depth includes:

[0035] Using a weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, curve fitting is performed on data points consisting of the serial number value corresponding to each reference irrigation cycle of the target soil depth and the moisture decline index to obtain a first fitting curve of the target soil depth;

[0036] The first moment of the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the first fitting curve is used as the first suspected rooting moment of the target soil depth;

[0037] taking the average value of the moisture reduction index of all reference irrigation cycles before the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the first fitting curve as the moisture reduction reference value of the target soil depth;

[0038] Based on the calculation formula of the first water demand coefficient, the first water demand coefficient of the target soil depth is obtained. The calculation formula of the first water demand coefficient is:

[0039]

[0040] in, The first water demand coefficient representing the target soil depth; Indicates the moisture drawdown index for the current irrigation cycle at the target soil depth; Indicates the reference value of moisture drop at the target soil depth; Indicates the last moment; Indicates the first suspected rooting moment at the target soil depth; Expressed as a natural constant An exponential function with base .

[0041] Furthermore, obtaining the second suspected rooting time and the second water requirement coefficient of the target soil depth includes:

[0042] Using a weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, curve fitting is performed on data points consisting of the sequence value corresponding to each reference irrigation cycle of the target soil depth and the moisture level index to obtain a second fitting curve of the target soil depth;

[0043] The first moment of the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the second fitting curve is used as the second suspected rooting moment of the target soil depth;

[0044] taking the average value of the moisture level indexes of all reference irrigation cycles before the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the second fitting curve as the moisture level reference value of the target soil depth;

[0045] Based on the calculation formula of the second water demand coefficient, the second water demand coefficient of the target soil depth is obtained. The calculation formula of the second water demand coefficient is:

[0046]

[0047] in, The second water demand coefficient representing the target soil depth; An index indicating the moisture level of the current irrigation cycle at the target soil depth; Indicates the reference value of moisture level at target soil depth; Indicates the last moment; Indicates the second suspected rooting moment at the target soil depth; Expressed as a natural constant An exponential function with base .

[0048] Furthermore, obtaining the valve opening reference degree of each other irrigation area includes:

[0049] Based on the calculation formula of the valve opening reference degree, the valve opening reference degree of each other irrigation area except the target irrigation area is obtained. The calculation formula of the valve opening reference degree is:

[0050]

[0051] in, Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Reference valve opening levels for other irrigation areas; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Other irrigated areas Water requirements at each soil depth; Indicates the target irrigation area Water requirements at each soil depth; Indicates the number of different soil depths; Expressed as a natural constant An exponential function with base .

[0052] Furthermore, obtaining the optimal valve opening degree of the target irrigation area includes:

[0053] Based on the calculation formula of the optimal valve opening degree, the optimal valve opening degree of the target irrigation area is obtained. The calculation formula of the optimal valve opening degree is:

[0054]

[0055] in, Indicates the optimal valve opening degree for the target irrigation area; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Reference valve opening levels for other irrigation areas; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Reference valve opening levels for other irrigation areas; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. the degree of opening of the sprinkler valves in the other irrigation areas during the most recent irrigation; Represents the number of all other irrigation areas except the target irrigation area.

[0056] The present invention also proposes a smart valve group for irrigation and water conservancy projects, including multiple sprinkler valves evenly arranged in different irrigation areas. The smart valve group also includes a valve control module for controlling the sprinkler valves and a humidity sensor for collecting humidity data at different soil depths in each irrigation area. The valve control module samples and connects to the humidity sensor to obtain humidity data, and processes the humidity data to implement any one of the steps of a control system for irrigation and water conservancy projects.

[0057] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0058] The present invention takes into account that the existing methods cannot accurately control the opening of the sprinkler valve based on the current water demand of the crop, which reduces the irrigation effect. Therefore, the moisture data of different soil depths at each moment in the irrigation area where each sprinkler valve is located, as well as the valve opening degree of each sprinkler valve during the most recent irrigation, are first obtained. Since the soil moisture increases at the beginning of each irrigation, after increasing to a certain degree, the soil moisture decreases as the water is absorbed by the crop and evaporates. In the early stage of irrigation, during the process of water infiltration from the soil of a smaller depth to the soil of a larger depth, there will be a certain time delay in the change of moisture data at different soil depths. Therefore, multiple soil depths at each soil depth are first obtained. An irrigation cycle can be formed. Subsequently, based on the changes in humidity data in each irrigation cycle at different soil depths, the real-time water demand of the current crops in the target irrigation area at different soil depths can be analyzed to improve the accuracy of valve control and irrigation effect. The valve opening reference degree can be used as a reference for each other irrigation area to adjust the opening degree of the sprinkler valve in the target irrigation area. Then, according to the valve opening degree and valve opening reference degree of the sprinkler valve in each other irrigation area during the most recent irrigation, the optimal valve opening degree of the sprinkler valve in the target irrigation area can be determined, and then the crops in the target irrigation area can be irrigated to meet the real-time water demand of the current crops and improve the final irrigation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0060] Figure 1 A block diagram of a control system for an irrigation water conservancy project provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for obtaining the moisture requirement of a target soil depth provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] To further illustrate the technical means and effectiveness of the present invention in achieving its intended objectives, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effectiveness of a smart valve assembly and control system for irrigation projects proposed in accordance with the present invention. In the following description, references to "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0063] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0064] It should be noted that, for ease of calculation, all indicator data involved in the calculation in the embodiments of the present invention are pre-processed to eliminate dimension effects. Specific means of eliminating dimension effects are well known to those skilled in the art and are not limited here.

[0065] The specific scheme of a smart valve group and control system for irrigation and water conservancy projects provided by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0066] See also Figure 1 , which shows a block diagram of a control system for an irrigation water conservancy project provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes: a data acquisition module 101, a cycle division module 102, a water demand analysis module 103, and a valve control module 104.

[0067] The data acquisition module 101 is used to obtain the moisture data of different soil depths in the irrigation area where each sprinkler valve is located at each moment, and simultaneously obtain the valve opening degree of each sprinkler valve during the most recent irrigation.

[0068] Sprinkler valves are irrigation equipment used to replenish water for crops in a specific area. In actual applications, in order to control the water flow and adapt to the crops' demand for water, sprinkler valves with opening control are usually used to accurately control the valves. Therefore, sprinkler valves, sensors and valve control modules are usually integrated into smart valve groups. The sensors in the smart valve group collect environmental data and send it to the valve control module. The valve control module processes and analyzes various environmental data, and controls the opening of the sprinkler valve through the output control signal, thereby more accurately controlling the liquid water flow of the sprinkler valve to adapt to the crops' demand for water and improve the irrigation effect.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of humidity sensors at different soil depths are firstly set in the irrigation area where each sprinkler valve is located. Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, a pulse solenoid valve can be selected as the sprinkler valve, and each irrigation area corresponds to a sprinkler valve. For a certain irrigation area, the first humidity sensor is first set at a soil depth of 10 cm, and then a humidity sensor is set in sequence at a depth of every 10 cm, for a total of 10 humidity sensors. Among them, the layout and number of humidity sensors can be set by the implementer according to the specific real-time scenario, and are not limited here.

[0070] It should be noted that, because the root lengths of different crops may vary during different growth periods, embodiments of the present invention are intended to analyze within a specific growth cycle, deploying humidity sensors at fixed locations and adjusting the humidity sensor to be analyzed based on the root growth. For example, if the root system grows to 1 meter, humidity sensors between 10 cm and 1 meter are used as the humidity sensors to be analyzed, collecting corresponding data. If the root system grows to 1.5 meters, humidity sensors between 10 cm and 1.5 meters are used as the humidity sensors to be analyzed. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the depth distribution of humidity sensors can also be adjusted based on the root length characteristics during different growth cycles, and this is not a limitation.

[0071] Then, a humidity sensor is used to collect humidity data at different soil depths in the irrigation area where each sprinkler valve is located at each moment. In one embodiment of the present invention, the time interval for data collection can be set to 1 minute. In other embodiments, the time interval for data collection can be set by the implementer according to the specific real-time scenario, and is not limited here.

[0072] During the entire process of crop growth, crops need to be irrigated multiple times. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention also needs to record the opening degree of each sprinkler valve during the most recent irrigation, where the most recent irrigation refers to the irrigation operation closest to the current time.

[0073] The cycle division module 102 is used to take the irrigation area where any sprinkler valve is located as the target irrigation area, and any soil depth in the target irrigation area as the target soil depth, and obtain the irrigation cycle of the target soil depth according to the changes in the moisture data of the target soil depth at each moment.

[0074] Since the soil moisture increases at the beginning of each soil irrigation, after the moisture increases to a certain level, the soil moisture will decrease as the moisture is absorbed by crops and evaporates. In addition, the soil moisture of each irrigation area will show this periodic change feature during each irrigation. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention first analyzes any irrigation area, and takes the irrigation area where any sprinkler valve is located as the target irrigation area. For the target irrigation area, at the beginning of each irrigation, during the process of moisture infiltration from the soil with a smaller depth to the soil with a larger depth, the humidity data changes collected by the humidity sensors at different soil depths will have a certain time delay. For example, the humidity sensor with the smallest depth will first collect the change in soil moisture data caused by irrigation, while the humidity sensor with the largest depth will collect the change in soil moisture data last. The changes in soil moisture data caused by irrigation are collected. At the same time, different crops have different root distributions in different soil depths, resulting in differences in the changes in moisture data at different soil depths, which in turn leads to different water requirements for crops at different soil depths. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention further takes any soil depth in the target irrigation area as the target soil depth, and obtains multiple irrigation cycles of the target soil depth based on the changes in moisture data at each moment of the target soil depth. Each irrigation cycle of the target soil depth can be considered as an irrigation operation. Subsequently, based on the changes in moisture data in each irrigation cycle at different soil depths, the real-time water requirements of the current crops in the target irrigation area at different soil depths can be analyzed to improve the valve control accuracy and irrigation effect.

[0075] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the irrigation cycle of the target soil depth specifically includes:

[0076] First, the minimum value in the humidity data of the target soil depth at each moment is used as the minimum humidity data of the target soil depth. The method for obtaining the minimum value can first use the least squares method or other fitting methods to perform curve fitting on the humidity data of the target soil depth at each moment, and then use the Newton method to extract the minimum value on the fitting curve. The method for obtaining the minimum value is a technical means well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0077] Then, the time period between any two adjacent minimum moisture data of the target soil depth is regarded as an irrigation cycle of the target soil depth.

[0078] The irrigation cycle of each soil depth in the target irrigation area and the irrigation cycle of each soil depth in each irrigation area can be obtained by the same method as above.

[0079] The water demand analysis module 103 is used to take the last irrigation cycle of each soil depth in the target irrigation area as the current irrigation cycle of each soil depth, and take the irrigation cycles other than the current irrigation cycle as the reference irrigation cycles of each soil depth, and obtain the water demand degree of the target soil depth based on the changes in humidity data at each moment in each irrigation cycle of the target soil depth, and the differences in humidity data at each moment between the current irrigation cycle of each soil depth in the target irrigation area and the reference irrigation cycles.

[0080] The demand for water by crops is mainly reflected in the demand for water by the root system of crops. For example, if there are crop roots at a certain soil depth in the target irrigation area and the crop roots are more distributed, then the demand for water at this location is greater. Whether there are crop roots at a certain soil depth and the distribution of crop roots can be reflected by the changes in humidity data at each moment of the irrigation cycle of this soil depth. At the same time, since the degree of water demand of crops is different at different times, the amount of water for different irrigations will be different during multiple irrigation processes, which will affect the accuracy of subsequent water demand analysis. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention first takes the last irrigation cycle of each soil depth in the target irrigation area as the water demand of each soil depth. The current irrigation cycle of the target soil depth is used as the reference irrigation cycle for each soil depth. Then, based on the changes in humidity data at each moment in each irrigation cycle of the target soil depth, the difference in humidity data at each moment between the current irrigation cycle and the reference irrigation cycles of each soil depth in the target irrigation area is combined to reduce the impact of the difference in irrigation water volume in different irrigation cycles on the water demand analysis, thereby accurately obtaining the water demand degree of the target soil depth. The water demand degree reflects the water demand degree of crops in the target irrigation area at the target soil depth. Subsequently, based on the water demand degree, the sprinkler valve can be accurately controlled to improve the irrigation effect.

[0081] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the moisture requirement of the target soil depth specifically includes:

[0082] See also Figure 2 , which shows a flow chart of a method for obtaining the moisture requirement of a target soil depth provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0083] Step S301: Take any irrigation cycle of the target soil depth as the target irrigation cycle, take the maximum value of the humidity data at all moments in the target irrigation cycle as the maximum humidity data of the target irrigation cycle, and take the time period between the moment corresponding to the maximum humidity data of the target irrigation cycle and the last moment of the target irrigation cycle as the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle.

[0084] After each irrigation, for the target soil depth position, due to the large amount of water accumulation, the humidity data in the irrigation cycle corresponding to this irrigation first shows a gradual upward trend. When it rises to a certain level, as the roots continue to absorb a large amount of water, the humidity data shows a rapid downward trend. As the root system's water absorption effect weakens and the water evaporates slowly, the downward trend of the humidity data slows down, and the humidity data is smaller. Therefore, after irrigation, whether there are roots and the number of root distribution at the target soil depth mainly reflect the part of the humidity data decrease in the irrigation cycle corresponding to this irrigation. Therefore, first, any irrigation cycle of the target soil depth is taken as the target irrigation cycle, and the maximum value of the humidity data at all times in the target irrigation cycle is taken as the maximum humidity data of the target irrigation cycle. The time period between the moment corresponding to the maximum humidity data of the target irrigation cycle and the last moment of the target irrigation cycle is taken as the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. Subsequently, the decline of the humidity data in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle can be analyzed, and then the water demand degree of the target soil depth can be analyzed.

[0085] Step S302: obtaining a humidity drop index and a humidity level index of the target irrigation cycle according to changes in humidity data at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle.

[0086] From the above analysis, it can be seen that if there are more crop roots in the target soil depth, the humidity data in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle will first drop rapidly, and then the downward trend will slow down, and the humidity data will drop to a lower level. Therefore, in a short period of time after irrigation, the distribution of crop roots in the target soil depth is mainly reflected in the downward trend of humidity data. After a long period of time after irrigation, the distribution of crop roots in the target soil depth is mainly reflected in the numerical level of humidity data. Therefore, according to the changes in humidity data at each moment in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle, the humidity drop index and humidity level index of the target irrigation cycle are obtained. Subsequently, the changes in the humidity drop index and humidity level index of each irrigation cycle of the target soil depth can be analyzed respectively to accurately calculate the water demand of the target soil depth.

[0087] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the humidity drop index and the humidity level index of the target irrigation cycle specifically includes:

[0088] The difference between the humidity data at each moment in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle and the humidity data at the next adjacent moment is taken as the instantaneous downward trend of the humidity at each moment in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle.

[0089] The average value of the instantaneous downward trend of humidity at all moments in the preset time domain window at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle is used as the local downward trend of humidity at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle.

[0090] It should be noted that, since there is no adjacent next moment after the last moment in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle, the local downward trend of humidity at the last moment in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle can be used as the instantaneous downward trend of humidity at the last moment.

[0091] Among them, the length of the preset time domain window is 7, that is, the preset time domain window at a certain moment includes the other 6 moments closest to the moment and the moment itself. The specific length of the preset time domain window can also be set by the implementer according to the specific implementation scenario and is not limited here.

[0092] Based on the calculation formulas of humidity drop index and humidity level index, respectively, the humidity drop index and humidity level index of the target irrigation cycle are obtained. The calculation formulas of humidity drop index and humidity level index are as follows:

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] in, Indicates the humidity drop index of the target irrigation cycle; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The local downward trend of humidity at each moment; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The local downward trend of humidity at each moment; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The instantaneous downward trend of humidity at a certain moment; represents the number of all moments in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle; An index representing the moisture level for the target irrigation cycle; It represents the maximum value of the local downward trend of humidity at all moments in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The local downward trend of humidity at each moment; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. Humidity data at a certain moment.

[0096] The moisture drop index and moisture level index of each irrigation cycle at the target soil depth can be obtained by the same method as above.

[0097] Step S303: obtaining a reference weight of the target irrigation area with respect to each reference irrigation cycle according to the difference in maximum moisture data between the current irrigation cycle and each reference irrigation cycle at each soil depth in the target irrigation area.

[0098] Since there are differences in the amount of water used in different irrigations during multiple irrigation processes, which will affect the accuracy of subsequent water demand analysis, the embodiment of the present invention obtains the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle based on the difference in maximum humidity data between the current irrigation cycle and each reference irrigation cycle at each soil depth in the target irrigation area. Subsequently, based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, curve fitting can be performed on the humidity drop index and humidity level index of each irrigation cycle of the target soil depth obtained above, thereby reducing the interference of the difference in irrigation water volume in different irrigation cycles on the water demand analysis and improving the accuracy of the water demand analysis.

[0099] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle specifically includes:

[0100] Based on the calculation formula of the reference weight, the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle is obtained. The calculation formula of the reference weight is:

[0101]

[0102] in, Indicates the target irrigation area with respect to Reference weights for each reference irrigation cycle; Indicates the target irrigation area The depth value corresponding to the soil depth; Indicates the target irrigation area The depth values corresponding to the soil depths are as follows. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, from top to bottom, the depth value corresponding to the first soil depth is 10, and the depth value corresponding to the second soil depth is 20; Indicates the target irrigation area The soil depth Maximum humidity data for a reference irrigation cycle; Indicates the target irrigation area Maximum moisture data for the current irrigation cycle at each soil depth; It represents the number of different soil depths, that is, the number of moisture sensors deployed in the target irrigation area; Represents a normalization function, which is used for normalization processing and is used to limit the calculation results to In one embodiment of the present invention, the normalization process may be, for example, maximum and minimum value normalization process. In other embodiments of the present invention, other normalization methods may be selected according to the specific range of values, which will not be described in detail.

[0103] in, Used as a weight, for greater soil depths, in the use of calculate The higher the reference value, and The smaller the value, the more similar the irrigation water volume between the reference irrigation cycle and the current irrigation cycle is. The reference weight of the target irrigation area for the reference irrigation cycle is The bigger.

[0104] Step S304: Using the weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of each reference irrigation cycle for the target irrigation area, curve fitting is performed on the moisture decline index of each reference irrigation cycle at the target soil depth to obtain the first suspected rooting moment and the first water requirement coefficient at the target soil depth.

[0105] As the crops grow, when the target soil depth changes from no root system to a root system or from fewer root systems to more root systems, the moisture drop index of each irrigation cycle will increase significantly. Therefore, the weighted least squares method can be used, and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, the moisture drop index of each reference irrigation cycle of the target soil depth is curve fitted to obtain the first suspected rooting moment and the first water demand coefficient of the target soil depth. Among them, the weighted least squares method is a technical means well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0106] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the first suspected rooting time and the first water requirement coefficient of the target soil depth specifically includes:

[0107] Using the weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, a curve fitting is performed on the data points consisting of the serial value and the moisture decline index corresponding to each reference irrigation cycle of the target soil depth to obtain the first fitting curve of the target soil depth.

[0108] The first moment of the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the first fitting curve is taken as the first suspected rooting moment of the target soil depth.

[0109] The average value of the moisture reduction index of all reference irrigation cycles before the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the first fitting curve is used as the moisture reduction reference value of the target soil depth.

[0110] Based on the calculation formula of the first water demand coefficient, the first water demand coefficient of the target soil depth is obtained. The calculation formula of the first water demand coefficient is:

[0111]

[0112] in, The first water demand coefficient representing the target soil depth; Indicates the moisture drawdown index for the current irrigation cycle at the target soil depth; Indicates the reference value of moisture drop at the target soil depth; Indicates the last moment; Indicates the first suspected rooting moment at the target soil depth; Expressed as a natural constant An exponential function with base .

[0113] in, The bigger, and The smaller it is, the more likely it is that the current crop has roots at the target soil depth, which means that the current growing crop has a greater demand for water at the target soil depth.

[0114] Step S305: Using the weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, curve fitting is performed on the moisture level index of all reference irrigation cycles of the target soil depth to obtain the second suspected rooting time and the second water requirement coefficient of the target soil depth.

[0115] As the crops grow, when the target soil depth changes from no root system to root system or from fewer root systems to more root systems, the moisture decline index of each irrigation cycle will decrease significantly. Therefore, the weighted least squares method can also be used, and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, the moisture level index of all reference irrigation cycles of the target soil depth can be curve fitted to obtain the second suspected rooting time and the second water demand coefficient of the target soil depth.

[0116] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the second suspected rooting time and the second water requirement coefficient of the target soil depth specifically includes:

[0117] Using the weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, a curve fitting is performed on the data points consisting of the serial value and the moisture level index corresponding to each reference irrigation cycle of the target soil depth to obtain a second fitting curve of the target soil depth.

[0118] The first moment of the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the second fitting curve is taken as the second suspected rooting moment of the target soil depth.

[0119] The average value of the moisture level indexes of all reference irrigation cycles before the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the second fitting curve is used as the moisture level reference value of the target soil depth.

[0120] Based on the calculation formula of the second water demand coefficient, the second water demand coefficient of the target soil depth is obtained. The calculation formula of the second water demand coefficient is:

[0121]

[0122] in, The second water demand coefficient representing the target soil depth; An index indicating the moisture level of the current irrigation cycle at the target soil depth; Indicates the reference value of moisture level at target soil depth; Indicates the last moment; Indicates the second suspected rooting moment at the target soil depth; Expressed as a natural constant An exponential function with base .

[0123] Step S306: The first water demand coefficient and the second water demand coefficient of the target soil depth are integrated to obtain the comprehensive water demand coefficient of the target soil depth; the absolute value of the difference between the first suspected rooting moment and the second suspected rooting moment of the target soil depth is normalized to obtain the water demand confidence of the target soil depth; the product value of the water demand confidence of the target soil depth and the comprehensive water demand coefficient is used as the water demand degree of the target soil depth.

[0124] The larger the first water demand coefficient and the second water demand coefficient of the target soil depth, the greater the water demand of the crop in the current growth state at the target soil depth. Therefore, the first water demand coefficient and the second water demand coefficient of the target soil depth can be integrated to obtain the comprehensive water demand coefficient of the target soil depth. At the same time, the smaller the difference between the first suspected rooting moment and the second suspected rooting moment of the target soil depth, the higher the confidence level in the water demand calculation and analysis. Therefore, the absolute value of the difference between the first suspected rooting moment and the second suspected rooting moment of the target soil depth can be normalized with negative correlation to obtain the water demand confidence level of the target soil depth. Then, the product value of the water demand confidence level of the target soil depth and the comprehensive water demand coefficient is used as the water demand level of the target soil depth.

[0125] In an embodiment of the present invention, the sum or product of the first water demand coefficient and the second water demand coefficient of the target soil depth may be used as the comprehensive water demand coefficient of the target soil depth, thereby achieving a combination of the two, which is not limited here.

[0126] In the embodiment of the present invention, the natural constant A negative exponential function with base The normalization of negative correlation is achieved by using the functional form of , which is not limited here.

[0127] As an example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the expression for the moisture requirement of the target soil depth may be specifically, for example, as follows:

[0128]

[0129] in, Indicates the degree of water demand at the target soil depth; The first water demand coefficient representing the target soil depth; The second water demand coefficient representing the target soil depth; Indicates the first suspected rooting moment at the target soil depth; Indicates the second suspected rooting moment at the target soil depth; Indicates the comprehensive water demand coefficient for the target soil depth; Indicates the confidence level of water demand at the target soil depth; Expressed as a natural constant An exponential function with base .

[0130] The water requirement of each soil depth in the target irrigation area and the water requirement of each soil depth in each irrigation area can be obtained by the same method as above.

[0131] The valve control module 104 is used to obtain a valve opening reference degree for each other irrigation area based on the difference in water demand at the same soil depth between the target irrigation area and other irrigation areas other than the target irrigation area; obtain an optimal valve opening degree for the target irrigation area based on the valve opening degree of the sprinkler valve of each other irrigation area during the most recent irrigation and the valve opening reference degree; and irrigate the crops with the sprinkler valve of each irrigation area at the corresponding optimal valve opening degree.

[0132] The smaller the difference in water demand at the same soil depth between the target irrigation area and other irrigation areas except the target irrigation area, the more similar the growth stages of the crops in the other irrigation areas and the target irrigation area are, and the water demand is similar. Then, the reference value of the valve opening degree of the sprinkler valve in the other irrigation areas to the target irrigation area is greater. Therefore, the valve opening reference degree of each other irrigation area can be obtained based on the difference in water demand at the same soil depth between the target irrigation area and other irrigation areas except the target irrigation area.

[0133] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the valve opening reference degree of each other irrigation area specifically includes:

[0134] Based on the calculation formula of the valve opening reference degree, the valve opening reference degree of each irrigation area other than the target irrigation area is obtained. The calculation formula of the valve opening reference degree is:

[0135]

[0136] in, Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Reference valve opening levels for other irrigation areas; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Other irrigated areas Water requirements at each soil depth; Indicates the target irrigation area Water requirements at each soil depth; Indicates the number of different soil depths; Expressed as a natural constant An exponential function with base .

[0137] Furthermore, the optimal valve opening degree of the target irrigation area can be obtained according to the valve opening degree of the sprinkler valve of each other irrigation area during the most recent irrigation and the valve opening reference degree.

[0138] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the optimal valve opening degree of the target irrigation area specifically includes:

[0139] Based on the calculation formula of the optimal valve opening degree, the optimal valve opening degree of the target irrigation area is obtained. The calculation formula of the optimal valve opening degree is:

[0140]

[0141] in, Indicates the optimal valve opening degree for the target irrigation area; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Reference valve opening levels for other irrigation areas; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Reference valve opening levels for other irrigation areas; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. The degree to which the sprinkler valves in the other irrigation areas were opened during the most recent irrigation; Represents the number of all other irrigation areas except the target irrigation area.

[0142] The same method as above can be used to obtain the optimal valve opening degree for each sprinkler irrigation area, and then the sprinkler valves in each irrigation area can be used to irrigate the crops at the corresponding optimal valve opening degree to adapt to the water demand of the crops in the current growth state and improve the final irrigation effect.

[0143] One embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent valve group for irrigation and water conservancy projects, including multiple sprinkler valves evenly arranged in different irrigation areas. The intelligent valve group also includes a valve control module for controlling the sprinkler valves and a humidity sensor for collecting humidity data at different soil depths in each irrigation area. The valve control module samples and connects to the humidity sensor to obtain humidity data and processes the humidity data to implement the control system described by the data acquisition module 101, the period division module 102, the water demand analysis module 103, and the valve control module 104.

[0144] It should be noted that the order in which the embodiments of the present invention are described above is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential order shown to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0145] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A control system for irrigation and water conservancy projects, characterized in that: The control system includes: The data acquisition module is used to obtain the moisture data of different soil depths in the irrigation area where each sprinkler valve is located at each moment, and also obtain the valve opening degree of each sprinkler valve during the most recent irrigation; a cycle division module for taking the irrigation area where any sprinkler valve is located as the target irrigation area, taking any soil depth in the target irrigation area as the target soil depth, and obtaining the irrigation cycle of the target soil depth based on the change of the moisture data at each moment of the target soil depth; a water demand analysis module, configured to use the last irrigation cycle of each soil depth in the target irrigation area as the current irrigation cycle of each soil depth, and use the irrigation cycles other than the current irrigation cycle as the reference irrigation cycles of each soil depth, and obtain the water demand of the target soil depth based on the change of the moisture data at each moment in each irrigation cycle of the target soil depth, and the difference of the moisture data at each moment between the current irrigation cycle and each reference irrigation cycle of each soil depth in the target irrigation area; a valve control module configured to obtain a reference valve opening degree for each other irrigation area based on a difference in water demand at the same soil depth between the target irrigation area and other irrigation areas other than the target irrigation area; obtain an optimal valve opening degree for the target irrigation area based on the valve opening degree of the sprinkler valve of each other irrigation area during the most recent irrigation and the valve opening reference degree, and irrigate the crops with the sprinkler valve of each irrigation area at the corresponding optimal valve opening degree; The water requirements to achieve the target soil depth include: Taking any irrigation cycle of the target soil depth as the target irrigation cycle, and taking the maximum value of the humidity data at all times in the target irrigation cycle as the maximum humidity data of the target irrigation cycle; The time period between the moment corresponding to the maximum humidity data of the target irrigation cycle and the last moment of the target irrigation cycle is used as the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle; Obtaining a humidity drop index and a humidity level index of the target irrigation cycle according to changes in the humidity data at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle; obtaining a reference weight of the target irrigation area with respect to each reference irrigation cycle according to a difference in the maximum moisture data between the current irrigation cycle and each reference irrigation cycle at each soil depth of the target irrigation area; Using a weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, curve fitting is performed on the moisture decline index of each reference irrigation cycle at the target soil depth to obtain a first suspected rooting time and a first water requirement coefficient at the target soil depth; Using a weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area with respect to each reference irrigation cycle, curve fitting is performed on the moisture level index of all reference irrigation cycles of the target soil depth to obtain a second suspected rooting time and a second water requirement coefficient of the target soil depth; Combining the first water demand coefficient and the second water demand coefficient of the target soil depth to obtain a comprehensive water demand coefficient of the target soil depth; performing negative correlation normalization processing on the absolute value of the difference between the first suspected rooting time and the second suspected rooting time at the target soil depth to obtain a water demand confidence level at the target soil depth; The product value of the water demand confidence of the target soil depth and the comprehensive water demand coefficient is used as the water demand degree of the target soil depth.

2. A control system for irrigation and water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation cycle to achieve the target soil depth includes: The minimum value of the moisture data of the target soil depth at each moment is used as the minimum moisture data of the target soil depth; The time period between any two adjacent minimum moisture data at the target soil depth is regarded as an irrigation cycle at the target soil depth.

3. A control system for irrigation and water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of the humidity drop index and humidity level index of the target irrigation cycle comprises: taking the difference between the humidity data at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle and the humidity data at the next adjacent moment as the instantaneous downward trend of the humidity at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle; The average value of the instantaneous downward trend of humidity at all moments within a preset time domain window at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle is used as the local downward trend of humidity at each moment in the moisture absorption period of the target irrigation cycle; The humidity drop index and humidity level index of the target irrigation cycle are obtained based on the calculation formulas of the humidity drop index and humidity level index, respectively. The calculation formulas of the humidity drop index and humidity level index are as follows: in, Indicates the humidity drop index of the target irrigation cycle; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The local downward trend of humidity at each moment; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The local downward trend of humidity at each moment; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The instantaneous downward trend of humidity at a certain moment; represents the number of all moments in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle; An index representing the moisture level for the target irrigation cycle; It represents the maximum value of the local downward trend of humidity at all moments in the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. The local downward trend of humidity at each moment; Indicates the water absorption period of the target irrigation cycle. Humidity data at a certain moment.

4. A control system for irrigation and water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle includes: Based on the calculation formula of the reference weight, the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle is obtained. The calculation formula of the reference weight is: in, Indicates the target irrigation area with respect to Reference weights for each reference irrigation cycle; Indicates the target irrigation area The depth value corresponding to the soil depth; Indicates the target irrigation area The depth value corresponding to the soil depth; Indicates the target irrigation area The soil depth Maximum humidity data for a reference irrigation cycle; Indicates the target irrigation area Maximum moisture data for the current irrigation cycle at each soil depth; Indicates the number of different soil depths; Represents the normalization function, used for normalization processing.

5. The control system for irrigation and water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the first suspected rooting time and the first water requirement coefficient of the target soil depth comprises: Using a weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, curve fitting is performed on data points consisting of the serial number value corresponding to each reference irrigation cycle of the target soil depth and the moisture decline index to obtain a first fitting curve of the target soil depth; The first moment of the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the first fitting curve is used as the first suspected rooting moment of the target soil depth; taking the average value of the moisture reduction index of all reference irrigation cycles before the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the first fitting curve as the moisture reduction reference value of the target soil depth; Based on the calculation formula of the first water demand coefficient, the first water demand coefficient of the target soil depth is obtained. The calculation formula of the first water demand coefficient is: in, The first water demand coefficient representing the target soil depth; Indicates the moisture drawdown index for the current irrigation cycle at the target soil depth; Indicates the reference value of moisture drop at the target soil depth; Indicates the last moment; Indicates the first suspected rooting moment at the target soil depth; Expressed as a natural constant An exponential function with base .

6. A control system for irrigation and water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the second suspected rooting time and the second water requirement coefficient of the target soil depth includes: Using a weighted least squares method and based on the reference weight of the target irrigation area for each reference irrigation cycle, curve fitting is performed on data points consisting of the sequence value corresponding to each reference irrigation cycle of the target soil depth and the moisture level index to obtain a second fitting curve of the target soil depth; The first moment of the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the second fitting curve is used as the second suspected rooting moment of the target soil depth; taking the average value of the moisture level indexes of all reference irrigation cycles before the reference irrigation cycle corresponding to the data point with the maximum absolute value of the slope on the second fitting curve as the moisture level reference value of the target soil depth; Based on the calculation formula of the second water demand coefficient, the second water demand coefficient of the target soil depth is obtained. The calculation formula of the second water demand coefficient is: in, The second water demand coefficient representing the target soil depth; An index indicating the moisture level of the current irrigation cycle at the target soil depth; Indicates the reference value of moisture level at target soil depth; Indicates the last moment; Indicates the second suspected rooting moment at the target soil depth; Expressed as a natural constant An exponential function with base .

7. A control system for irrigation and water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtaining the reference valve opening degree of each other irrigation area includes: Based on the calculation formula of the valve opening reference degree, the valve opening reference degree of each other irrigation area except the target irrigation area is obtained. The calculation formula of the valve opening reference degree is: in, Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Reference valve opening levels for other irrigation areas; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Other irrigated areas Water requirements at each soil depth; Indicates the target irrigation area Water requirements at each soil depth; Indicates the number of different soil depths; Expressed as a natural constant An exponential function with base .

8. The control system for irrigation and water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the optimal valve opening degree for the target irrigation area includes: Based on the calculation formula of the optimal valve opening degree, the optimal valve opening degree of the target irrigation area is obtained. The calculation formula of the optimal valve opening degree is: in, Indicates the optimal valve opening degree for the target irrigation area; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Reference valve opening levels for other irrigation areas; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. Reference valve opening levels for other irrigation areas; Indicates the area other than the target irrigation area. the degree of opening of the sprinkler valves in the other irrigation areas during the most recent irrigation; Represents the number of all other irrigation areas except the target irrigation area.

9. A smart valve assembly for an irrigation water conservancy project, comprising a plurality of sprinkler valves evenly arranged in different irrigation areas. The smart valve assembly further comprises a valve control module for controlling the sprinkler valves and a humidity sensor for collecting humidity data at different soil depths in each irrigation area. The valve control module samples and connects to the humidity sensor to obtain humidity data, and processes the humidity data to implement the steps of the control system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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