High-concentration foam extinguishing agent capable of inhibiting spontaneous combustion as well as preparation method and application of foam extinguishing agent

Abstract

The invention provides a high-concentration foam extinguishing agent capable of inhibiting spontaneous combustion and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of extinguishing agent production, the extinguishing agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of a solvent, 1-10 parts of a foaming agent, 1-10 parts of an inerting agent, 10-35 parts of a penetrant, 3-5 parts of an emulsifier, 1-5 parts of a foam stabilizer, 1-5 parts of an antifreeze agent, 0.1-2 parts of a preservative and the balance of water, due to the synergistic effect of the foaming agent and the foam stabilizer, the foam extinguishing agent can still form stable foam at extremely low concentration, the storage space is reduced, and the foam can rapidly permeate into a hydrophobic layer of coal and block oxygen supply by combining the foam extinguishing agent with other components, so that open fire is rapidly extinguished, the spontaneous ignition period of the coal is prolonged, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, the foam extinguishing agent can be compatible with hard water and seawater, and the application range of the foam extinguishing agent is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing agent production, and particularly relates to a highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous increase in the development intensity of coal resources in China, the number of open-pit coal mines has been increasing. During the exploitation process of open-pit coal mines, spontaneous combustion has become a major natural disaster in the coal mine production process. Coal spontaneous combustion not only causes serious waste of coal resources, but also has a greater impact on the environment and safety of the mining area. Therefore, it is necessary to take necessary fire prevention and extinguishing measures to strengthen the treatment of coal spontaneous combustion according to the causes of coal spontaneous combustion in open-pit coal mines.

[0003] Currently, for fire extinguishing in environments where coal spontaneous combustion exists, such as coal mines, coal storage yards, and coal washing plants, fire extinguishing methods such as grouting, nitrogen, water, and foam are usually used. However, this method has disadvantages such as high equipment investment, long preparation time, low automation level, and easy re-ignition after fire extinguishing. Traditional foam fire extinguishing does not optimize according to the properties of coal, and there are problems such as a high risk of re-spontaneous combustion after fire extinguishing and lack of environmental protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion, and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming to solve the problems that traditional foam fire extinguishing does not optimize according to the properties of coal, and there are problems such as a high risk of re-spontaneous combustion after fire extinguishing and lack of environmental protection.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion, which comprises the following components in parts by mass:

[0006] 20 - 30 parts of solvent, 1 - 10 parts of foaming agent, 1 - 10 parts of inerting agent, 10 - 35 parts of penetrant, 3 - 5 parts of emulsifier, 1 - 5 parts of foam stabilizer, 1 - 5 parts of antifreeze, 0.1 - 2 parts of preservative, and the balance is water.

[0007] In one embodiment, the foaming agent includes at least one of alkyl polyglycoside 0810, alkyl polyglycoside 1214, lauramidopropyl betaine, lauramido amphoacetate, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, ethoxylated alcohol ammonium sulfate, sodium decyl sulfate, and sodium dodecyl sulfate; and / or,

[0008] The solvent includes one or both of diethylene glycol butyl ether and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol.

[0009] In one embodiment, the penetrant includes alkyl glucoside, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, or fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester.

[0010] In one embodiment, the inerting agent includes ammonium phosphate or sodium bisulfate.

[0011] In one embodiment, the emulsifier includes any one of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, triethanolamine, and benzylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the foam stabilizer includes a mixture of polyoxyethylene and alcohol ethers. Among them, the polyoxyethylene includes any one of polyoxyethylene PEO200, PEO200000, and PEO20, and the alcohol ethers include one or two of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol butyl ether, and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol.

[0013] In one embodiment, the antifreeze includes any one of ethanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerol.

[0014] In one embodiment, the preservative includes one or two of methylisothiazolinone, chloromethylthiazolinone, benzoic acid, and potassium sorbate.

[0015] The present invention provides a method for preparing a highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion, including the following preparation steps: After mixing the solvent and water, an antifreeze is added and mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

[0016] In the mixed solution, a foaming agent, an inerting agent, a penetrant, an emulsifier, a foam stabilizer, and a preservative are sequentially added, stirred and mixed, and then filtered after standing to obtain a highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion.

[0017] The present invention provides a method for using the above-mentioned highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion, characterized in that the above-mentioned prepared highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion is mixed with water, and the mixing ratio is to add 2 to 5 liters of the highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion per 1000 liters of water.

[0018] The present invention provides a highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion. Due to the synergistic effect of the foaming agent and the foam stabilizer, the foam fire extinguishing agent can form stable foam even at extremely low concentrations, reducing the storage space. The penetrant reduces the surface tension of the solution and enhances the permeability of the foam, enabling it to quickly cover the fire source and penetrate deep into the coal. Combined with the emulsifier, the foam can quickly penetrate into the hydrophobic layer of the coal, blocking the oxygen supply, thereby quickly extinguishing the open fire, while the inerting agent reduces the risk of spontaneous combustion of the coal. The foam fire extinguishing agent can carry inerting substances deep into the coal, extending the natural ignition period of the coal, thereby reducing the risk of spontaneous combustion of the coal. The addition of the antifreeze reduces the freezing point of the foam fire extinguishing agent to -5°C, ensuring its effective use in low-temperature environments. The selection of the emulsifier and the foam stabilizer enables the foam fire extinguishing agent to be compatible with hard water and seawater, expanding its application range. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. For those not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Those reagents or instruments not specified by the manufacturer can all be obtained as conventional products through commercial purchase. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, or solution B, or a solution where A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In recent years, with the continuous increase in the development intensity of coal resources in China, the number of open-pit coal mines has been increasing. During the exploitation of open-pit coal mines, spontaneous combustion has become a major natural disaster in the coal mine production process. The spontaneous combustion of coal bodies not only causes serious losses of coal resources, but also has a greater impact on the environment and safety of the mining area. Therefore, it is necessary to take necessary fire prevention and extinguishing measures to strengthen the treatment of coal spontaneous combustion according to the reasons for the spontaneous combustion of coal bodies in open-pit coal mines.

[0021] Currently, for extinguishing fires in environments with coal spontaneous combustion such as coal mines, coal yards, and coal washing plants, fire extinguishing methods such as grouting, nitrogen, water, and foam are usually used. However, this method has disadvantages such as high equipment investment, long preparation time, low automation level, and easy re-ignition after extinguishing. Traditional foam extinguishing has not been optimized for the properties of coal, and there are problems such as a high risk of re-spontaneous combustion after extinguishing and lack of environmental friendliness.

[0022] In view of this, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. The fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components in parts by mass:

[0023] 20-30 parts of a solvent, 1-10 parts of a foaming agent, 1-10 parts of an inerting agent, 10-35 parts of a penetrant, 3-5 parts of an emulsifier, 1-5 parts of a foam stabilizer, 1-5 parts of an antifreeze, 0.1-2 parts of a preservative, and the balance is water.

[0024] The present invention provides a highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent with the function of inhibiting spontaneous combustion. Due to the synergistic effect of the foaming agent and the foam stabilizer, the foam fire extinguishing agent can form stable foam even at extremely low concentrations, reducing the storage space. The penetrant reduces the surface tension of the solution and enhances the permeability of the foam, enabling it to quickly cover the fire source and penetrate deep into the coal. Combined with the emulsifier, the foam can rapidly penetrate into the hydrophobic layer of the coal, blocking the oxygen supply and thus quickly extinguishing the open fire. The inerting agent reduces the risk of spontaneous combustion of the coal. The foam fire extinguishing agent can carry the inerting substance deep into the coal, prolonging the spontaneous ignition period of the coal and thus reducing the risk of spontaneous combustion of the coal. The addition of the antifreeze agent lowers the freezing point of the foam fire extinguishing agent to -5°C, ensuring its effective use in low-temperature environments. The selection of the emulsifier and the foam stabilizer enables the foam fire extinguishing agent to be compatible with hard water and seawater, expanding its application range.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, specifically, the foaming agent includes at least one of alkyl polyglycoside 0810, alkyl polyglycoside 1214, lauramidopropyl betaine, lauramido amphoacetate, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, ethoxylated alcohol ammonium sulfate, sodium decyl sulfate, and sodium dodecyl sulfate. Using the above foaming agent can improve the stability and covering effect of the foam, enabling the foam fire extinguishing agent to rapidly form a large amount of foam and continuously suppress the fire in practical applications. The combined use of different types of foaming agents can also enhance the adaptability of the fire extinguishing agent in various different fire environments.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, the solvent includes one or both of diethylene glycol butyl ether and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol. Among them, the solvent can help dissolve other components in the fire extinguishing agent, such as the foaming agent, inerting agent, penetrant, etc., ensuring that these components can be evenly distributed in the solution, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the penetrant includes any one of alkyl glucoside, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester. The addition of the penetrant can improve the permeability of the foam, enabling it to more effectively penetrate and cover the surface of the fire source, enhancing the fire extinguishing effect. Especially for complex terrains and deep-seated fires, the penetrant can ensure that the foam penetrates deep into the fire source, reducing the spread of the fire.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inerting agent includes ammonium phosphate or sodium bisulfate. The addition of the inerting agent helps to enhance the heat resistance of the foam and inhibit the possibility of the fire source from spontaneous combustion or reignition. The inerting agent can play an effective protective role during the fire extinguishing process, delaying the heat diffusion of the fire source and enhancing the continuous fire extinguishing ability of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, the emulsifier includes any one of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, triethanolamine, and benzylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate. The emulsifier can improve the emulsifying performance of the foam, make the foam more stable, and prevent the foam from disappearing prematurely during fire extinguishing. The emulsifier can also enhance the affinity between the foam and the fire source, improve the effect of the foam and the fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the foam stabilizer includes a mixture of polyoxyethylene and alcohol ethers. Among them, the polyoxyethylene includes any one of polyoxyethylene PEO200, PEO200000, and PEO20, and the alcohol ethers include one or two of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol butyl ether, and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol. The foam stabilizer can effectively delay the rupture time of the foam, enhance the persistence and stability of the foam. This can continuously provide a covering effect during fire extinguishing, ensure that the fire source does not reignite, and maintain good fire extinguishing performance in a high-temperature environment.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, the antifreeze includes any one of ethanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerol. Adding it enables the foam fire extinguishing agent to still maintain effective fire extinguishing performance in a low-temperature environment. This is particularly important for fire fighting in winter or applications in low-temperature regions, which can prevent the fire extinguishing agent from freezing and ensure that fire fighting work is not restricted by the climate.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the preservative includes one or two of methylisothiazolinone, chloromethylthiazolinone, benzoic acid, and potassium sorbate, which can prevent the foam fire extinguishing agent from being contaminated by bacteria or molds during long-term storage, ensuring the long-term effectiveness and stability of the fire extinguishing agent. They help to extend the shelf life of the fire extinguishing agent and avoid a decline in the fire extinguishing effect due to spoilage or deterioration.

[0033] The present invention provides a preparation method for a highly concentrated and spontaneous combustion-inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent, including the following preparation steps: After mixing the solvent and water, add the antifreeze and mix to obtain a mixed solution;

[0034] In the mixed solution, sequentially add the foaming agent, inerting agent, penetrant, emulsifier, foam stabilizer, and preservative, stir and mix, and then filter after standing to obtain a highly concentrated and spontaneous combustion-inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0035] In this solution, first mix the solvent and water. This preparation method is simple and easy to operate, and can efficiently prepare a stable and efficient foam fire extinguishing agent. Through precise proportioning and mixing steps, it is ensured that each component interacts at the optimal ratio, thereby optimizing the fire extinguishing effect and the stability of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for using a highly concentrated and spontaneous combustion-inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent as described above, characterized in that the highly concentrated and spontaneous combustion-inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent prepared as described above is mixed with water, and the mixing ratio is 2 to 5 liters of the highly concentrated and spontaneous combustion-inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent added to every 1000 liters of water. Since the foam fire extinguishing agent prepared by the present invention is highly concentrated, the minimum mixing ratio of the foam fire extinguishing agent is 0.2%, which greatly reduces the space for storing foam. Moreover, the surface tension of the solution of the foam fire extinguishing agent formed after mixing each component is low, and the permeability is strong, which can quickly extinguish open flames. At the same time, it can penetrate the hydrophobic layer on the surface of coal, bring inert substances into the coal, extend the spontaneous combustion period of coal, thereby reducing the risk of coal spontaneous combustion. Further, the freezing point of the foam fire extinguishing agent is -5°C, which can be used in low-temperature environments, and is also applicable to mixed hard water and seawater. And the formula does not contain flammable substances such as phenol and polyurethane. It does not contain fluoride harmful to the human body. It does not contain sulfonic acid substances with a short shelf life. It is environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and has a long shelf life.

[0037] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A highly concentrated and spontaneous combustion-inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent is provided, which includes the following components in parts by mass:

[0040] 25 parts of solvent, 6 parts of foaming agent, 8 parts of inerting agent, 20 parts of penetrant, 4 parts of emulsifier, 3 parts of foam stabilizer, 3 parts of antifreeze, 1 part of preservative, and 10 parts of water, and each part is 1 g;

[0041] Among them, the solvent is diethylene glycol butyl ether; the foaming agent is alkyl polyglycoside 0810; the inerting agent is ammonium phosphate, the penetrant is alkyl glucoside, the emulsifier is polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, the foam stabilizer is polyoxyethylene PEO200, the antifreeze is ethanol, and the preservative is methylisothiazolinone.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A highly concentrated and spontaneous combustion-inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent is provided, which includes the following components in parts by mass:

[0044] 20 parts of solvent, 1 part of foaming agent, 1 part of inerting agent, 10 parts of penetrant, 3 parts of emulsifier, 1 part of foam stabilizer, 1 part of antifreeze, 0.1 part of preservative, and 10 parts of water, and each part is 1 g;

[0045] Among them, the solvent is 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol; the foaming agent is lauramidopropyl betaine; the inerting agent is sodium bisulfate, the penetrant is fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, the emulsifier is benzyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate, the foam stabilizer is polyoxyethylene PEO200000, the antifreeze is ethylene glycol, and the preservative is potassium sorbate.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] Provide a highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion, including the following components in parts by mass:

[0048] 30 parts of solvent, 10 parts of foaming agent, 10 parts of inerting agent, 35 parts of penetrant, 5 parts of emulsifier, 5 parts of foam stabilizer, 5 parts of antifreeze, 2 parts of preservative and 10 parts of water, and each part is 1 g;

[0049] Among them, the solvent is diethylene glycol butyl ether; the foaming agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate; the inerting agent is ammonium phosphate, the penetrant is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, the emulsifier is triethanolamine, the foam stabilizer is polyoxyethylene PEO20, the antifreeze is propylene glycol, and the preservative is potassium sorbate.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] Different from Example 1, the foaming agent is removed, and the other components are similar.

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] Different from Example 1, the penetrant is removed, and the other components are similar.

[0054] Performance Test

[0055] 1. Conduct a fire extinguishing performance test on the highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion prepared in the examples. Tables 1 and 2 are respectively the highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion prepared in the examples mixed with water, and the mixing ratios are 0.2% and 0.5%. The 0.2% means adding 2 liters of the highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion to every 1000 liters of water, and conduct the fire extinguishing performance (evaluated by the fire extinguishing performance of Class A fires) and anti-re-ignition performance. The test method refers to the national standard GB / 17835-2008. Establish a small coal pile model with a size of 1m x 1m x 0.5m (length x width x height). Each group conducts three repeated experiments. The test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. Among them, the anti-re-ignition property is whether it re-ignites within 30 minutes after extinguishing the fire.

[0056] Table 1 Fire extinguishing agent performance test results of 0.2% foam fire extinguishing agent

[0057]

[0058] Table 2 Fire extinguishing agent performance test results of 0.5% foam fire extinguishing agent

[0059]

[0060] As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, the Class A fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agents obtained in the examples is better than that of the comparative examples, and the anti-rekindling property is good.

[0061] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention thereby. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly concentrated and self-ignition inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent for coal mine fires, characterized in that: The composition includes the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of solvent; 1 to 10 parts of foaming agent; 1 to 10 parts of inertizing agent; 10-35 parts of penetrant; 3-5 parts of emulsifier; 1 to 5 parts of foam stabilizer; 1 to 5 parts of antifreeze; 0.1-2 parts of preservatives; The balance is water.

2. The highly concentrated and self-ignition inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foaming agent includes at least one of alkyl polyglucoside 0810, alkyl polyglucoside 1214, lauramide propyl betaine, sodium lauramide amphoacetate, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, ethoxylated alcohol ammonium sulfate, sodium decyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl sulfate; and / or, The solvent includes one or both of diethylene glycol butyl ether and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol.

3. The highly concentrated and self-ignition inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The penetrant includes any one of alkyl glucoside, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester.

4. The highly concentrated and self-ignition inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inerting agent includes ammonium phosphate or sodium bisulfate.

5. The highly concentrated and self-ignition inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emulsifier includes any one of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, triethanolamine, and benzylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate.

6. The highly concentrated and self-ignition inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foam stabilizer includes a mixture of polyethylene oxide and alcohol ethers, wherein the polyethylene oxide includes any one of polyethylene oxide PEO200, PEO200000, and PEO20, and the alcohol ether includes one or two of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol butyl ether, and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol.

7. The highly concentrated and self-ignition inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antifreeze agent includes any one of ethanol, ethylene glycol, isoethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerol.

8. The highly concentrated and self-ignition inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preservatives include one or two of methylisothiazolinone, chloromethylthiazolinone, benzoic acid and potassium sorbate.

9. A method for preparing a highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: After mixing the solvent with water, an antifreeze agent is added and mixed to obtain a mixed solution; Add a foaming agent, an inertizing agent, a penetrant, an emulsifier, a foam stabilizer and a preservative into the mixed solution in sequence, stir and mix, let stand and then filter to obtain a highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that inhibits spontaneous combustion.

10. A method for using the highly concentrated and self-ignition inhibiting foam fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that suppresses spontaneous combustion as prepared as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is mixed with water, and the mixing ratio is 2 to 5 liters of the highly concentrated foam fire extinguishing agent that suppresses spontaneous combustion is added to every 1000 liters of water.

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