Method and device for treating polyolefin waste

Abstract

The present invention provides a polyolefin waste processing method and a processing apparatus, in which in a reactor, in the presence of a light absorbing agent and a photocatalyst, hydrogen gas and / or a reaction-generated gas are circulated and light and heat are continuously applied to polyolefin waste to decompose the organic waste by a photothermal decomposition reaction, and the reaction product is recovered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating polyolefin waste, and particularly to a method and apparatus for converting polyolefin waste into renewable fuels and chemical raw materials by the synergistic action of light irradiation and a catalyst. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the treatment and recycling of polyolefin waste represented by medical masks have attracted increasing attention. Medical masks are important protective supplies for preventing and controlling infectious diseases. Especially during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic globally, the usage of medical masks has increased significantly. However, with the use of masks, a large amount of waste masks have been generated, which has become a huge challenge faced by the whole world. It is reported that the number of waste masks discarded globally every day has exceeded 1 billion, and a large part of them has entered the ocean and other environments, causing serious pollution problems. At the same time, waste masks carry a large number of microorganisms, such as viruses, oral bacteria, etc. If these used masks are not properly treated, there is also a certain risk of infection to the human body. Therefore, the recycling and treatment of waste masks are urgent environmental protection and public health issues that need to be solved.

[0003] Currently, common methods for treating waste masks mainly include mechanical processing, physicochemical modification and regeneration, and incineration for energy production. Mechanical processing is to perform physical treatments such as crushing and shredding on waste masks to reduce their volume or change their form, and then conduct classification and recycling or landfill and other disposals. Physicochemical modification and regeneration is to perform chemical treatments such as dissolution, hydrolysis, acid-base treatment on waste masks to separate or change their composition components, and then conduct reuse or harmless treatment and other disposals. Incineration for energy production is to perform high-temperature combustion treatment on waste masks to eliminate their harmful substances and utilize the generated heat energy for power generation or heating and other uses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] However, when treating polyolefin waste such as waste masks, the above methods all have certain limitations and deficiencies. Although the mechanical processing method can reduce the volume of waste masks or change their form, it cannot effectively decompose or recycle their constituent materials, nor can it eliminate the microbial contamination they carry. It still needs to be landfilled or incinerated together with other garbage, resulting in waste of resources and environmental pollution. Although the physicochemical modification and regeneration method can separate or change the composition components of waste masks and achieve a certain degree of reuse or harmless treatment, this method requires the use of a large amount of chemical reagents such as solvents, acids and bases, and generates a large amount of by-products such as waste water and waste gas, causing secondary pollution and increased energy consumption. Although the incineration for energy production method can eliminate the harmful substances in waste masks and utilize the generated heat energy for power generation or heating and other uses, this method requires high-temperature conditions and will generate a large amount of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, causing the greenhouse effect.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for a more efficient and less polluting way to process polyolefin waste such as waste masks, to achieve resource recovery and reuse, while protecting the environment and human health. The present invention is precisely a method and device for continuously photothermolyzing polyolefin waste proposed in view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] The inventors of the present invention conducted repeated and detailed research to solve the above problems, thus completing the present invention. That is, the present invention includes:

[0007] [1] A method for treating polyolefin waste, wherein in a reactor, in the presence of a light absorbent and a photocatalyst, while flowing hydrogen and / or reaction-generated gas, light and heat are continuously applied to the polyolefin waste to cause a photothermolysis reaction of the organic waste to decompose, and the reaction products are recovered.

[0008] [2] The treatment method according to [1], wherein the photocatalyst is selected from at least one of titanium dioxide, iron oxide, or aluminum oxide.

[0009] [3] The treatment method according to [1] or [2], wherein the light absorbent is selected from at least one of activated carbon, ferric tetroxide, indium selenide, and manganese dioxide.

[0010] [4] The treatment method according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the gas generated by the photothermolysis reaction is introduced into the reactor as an atmosphere gas.

[0011] [5] The treatment method according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the reaction temperature of the photothermolysis reaction is 500°C to 600°C.

[0012] [6] The treatment method according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the irradiation intensity of the light is 40W to 60W as measured by a light power meter in the case of xenon lamp irradiation.

[0013] [7] The treatment method according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the polyolefin waste is a waste medical mask.

[0014] [8] The treatment method according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the hydrogen is further introduced into the reactor after a bubbling step.

[0015] [9] A device for treating polyolefin waste, wherein,

[0016] The treatment device includes:

[0017] A reactor in which a light absorbent and a photocatalyst are present, and while hydrogen gas and / or reaction-generated gas are flowing, light and heat are continuously applied to polyolefin waste to cause a photothermal decomposition reaction of the organic waste and decompose it.

[0018]

[10] The treatment device according to [9], the device comprising:

[0019] A light irradiation unit that applies light to the polyolefin waste introduced into the reactor; and

[0020] A heating unit that applies heat to the polyolefin waste introduced into the reactor.

[0021]

[11] The treatment device according to [9], the device further comprising:

[0022] A tower-type solar concentrator unit that directly focuses on the polyolefin waste in the reactor and applies light and heat to it.

[0023]

[12] The treatment device according to any one of [9] to

[11] , the device further comprising:

[0024] A hydrogen gas feeding unit that introduces hydrogen gas into the reactor to initiate a photothermal decomposition reaction; and

[0025] A polyolefin waste introduction unit that is used to introduce polyolefin waste into the reactor.

[0026]

[13] The treatment device according to any one of [9] to

[12] , the device further comprising:

[0027] A gas-liquid separation unit that separates the reaction products generated by the photothermal decomposition reaction of the polyolefin waste into gas and liquid;

[0028] A gas recovery unit that is used to recover the pyrolysis gas generated after the photothermal decomposition reaction of the polyolefin waste; and

[0029] A liquid recovery and storage unit that is used to recover the liquid generated after the photothermal decomposition reaction of the polyolefin waste and store it.

[0030]

[14] The treatment device according to any one of [9] to

[13] , wherein, a pyrolysis gas introduction unit is further provided, and the pyrolysis gas introduction unit introduces the pyrolysis gas recovered by the gas recovery unit into the reactor as an atmosphere gas.

[0031]

[15] The treatment device according to any one of [9] to

[14] , wherein, the treatment device further comprises a bubbling unit filled with water, and the hydrogen gas first passes through the bubbling unit to carry in part of the moisture and then is introduced into the reactor.

[0032]

[16] The processing device according to any one of [9] to

[15] , wherein the gas-liquid separation unit has a two-layer structure, with the condensate on the outer layer and the liquid product being collected when passing through the inner layer.

[0033]

[17] The processing device according to any one of [9] or

[12] to

[16] , wherein the processing device further includes a temperature detection unit and a temperature adjustment unit. The temperature detection unit detects and monitors the temperature of the polyolefin waste in the reactor, and the temperature adjustment unit adjusts the heating unit to control the temperature of the polyolefin waste in the reactor.

[0034]

[18] The processing device according to any one of

[10] or

[12] to

[17] , wherein the lighting unit is a xenon lamp.

[0035]

[19] The processing device according to any one of

[11] to

[16] , wherein the processing device further includes an adjustable mirror, which is arranged below the tower-type solar concentrator unit and is used to adjust the angle and position of the concentrated light.

[0036]

[20] The processing device according to any one of

[11] to

[16] , wherein the processing device further includes a rotatable tracking device, which is arranged above the tower-type solar concentrator unit and is used to automatically adjust the orientation of the concentrator according to the change of the sun's position.

[0037]

[21] The processing device according to any one of

[11] to

[16] , wherein the processing device further includes a temperature sensor and a controller, which are arranged outside the tower-type solar concentrator unit and are used to monitor and control the intensity of the concentrated light.

[0038] Advantages of the Invention

[0039] By adopting the method and device for continuously photothermally depolymerizing polyolefin waste, the present invention can achieve rapid, uniform, and efficient treatment of polyolefin waste, while protecting the environment and human health. The present invention has the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption, environmental protection and cleanliness, and is easy to operate and suitable for large-scale production. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1 It is a diagram showing the process flow of the present invention for solar photothermal depolymerization of masks.

[0041] Symbol Explanation

[0042] 1---Flowmeter 2---Check valve 3---Filter 4---Four-way valve 5---Solid silo 6---Screw feeder 7---Needle valve 8---Needle valve 9---Reactor temperature measuring instrument 10---Reaction temperature measuring instrument 11---Quartz tube 12---Gas-liquid separator 13---Filter 14---Six-way valve 15---Chromatographic carrier gas inlet and outlet 16---Mass flowmeter 17---Small circulating pump 18---Needle valve 19---Gas tank 20---Needle valve 21---Exhaust bag Detailed implementation mode

[0043] Hereinafter, the implementation modes of the present invention will be described in detail. It should be noted that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the implementation modes described herein, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0044] The present invention provides a method for treating polyolefin waste. In the reactor, in the presence of a light absorbent and a photocatalyst, while flowing hydrogen and / or reaction-generated gas, light and heat are continuously applied to the polyolefin waste to cause a photothermal decomposition reaction of the organic waste and decompose it, and the reaction products are recovered.

[0045] Specifically, the principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0046] The present invention uses a photothermal synergistic catalytic cracking method to treat polyolefin waste. The main reaction is the cracking reaction of polyolefins. Compared with the prior art using a pure pyrolysis method, the present invention avoids the problems of first heating the reaction environment in pure pyrolysis, low catalytic efficiency, and high reaction energy consumption. The present invention utilizes photocatalysts such as titanium dioxide TiO2 to absorb the light energy of high-energy photons, excite electrons to form holes, and convert polyolefins such as polyethylene into active small molecules. Substances such as coke absorb low-energy photons, convert light energy into heat energy, increase the reaction temperature, and cause the small molecules to crack and recombine to obtain products. By using the photothermal synergistic catalytic cracking method to treat polyolefin waste, the present invention realizes the purpose of efficiently and cleanly treating polyolefin waste such as waste medical masks.

[0047] The present invention treats polyolefin waste such as waste medical masks by adopting a photopyrolysis synergistic catalytic method, thereby exerting the following excellent effects: by means of light heating, the material is heated, and with the aid of photothermal synergistic catalysis, the reaction rate of the chemical reaction is increased, and the problems of first heating the reaction environment in pure pyrolysis, low catalytic efficiency, and high reaction energy consumption are avoided.

[0048] The present invention adopts the synergistic action of light irradiation and a catalyst, which can improve the catalytic pyrolysis efficiency and product quality of polyolefin waste such as waste medical masks, and realize the more efficient conversion and reuse of polyolefin waste such as waste medical masks.

[0049] In addition, the present invention uses hydrogen gas and / or reaction-generated gas as the atmosphere gas, making the collected gas completely combustible and directly usable as fuel. Meanwhile, the hydrogen ratio is relatively high, facilitating purification.

[0050] Among them, the photocatalyst can be at least one selected from titanium dioxide, iron oxide, or aluminum oxide. From the perspective of improving the photothermal decomposition efficiency of polyolefin waste, the photocatalyst is preferably titanium dioxide.

[0051] The light absorber can be at least one selected from activated carbon, iron tetroxide, indium selenide, and manganese dioxide. From the perspective of improving the light absorption and heat absorption efficiency, the light absorber is preferably activated carbon.

[0052] In the method for treating polyolefin waste of the present invention, a hydrogen cylinder can be used as the hydrogen source. After introducing hydrogen to start the photothermal decomposition reaction, the supply of hydrogen is stopped, and the gas generated by the photothermal decomposition reaction is introduced into the reactor as the atmosphere gas to continue the reaction.

[0053] By adopting the above method, the pyrolysis gas is directly introduced into the reactor as the atmosphere gas, reducing the consumption of hydrogen. Only a small hydrogen cylinder is needed to enable the device to operate continuously for a long time.

[0054] In the method for treating polyolefin waste of the present invention, the reaction temperature of the photothermal decomposition reaction is 500°C to 600°C. The irradiation intensity of light is 40W to 60W as measured by a light power meter under xenon lamp irradiation.

[0055] In the method for treating polyolefin waste of the present invention, hydrogen can be further introduced into the reactor after passing through a bubbling step.

[0056] After hydrogen passes through the bubbling step, it brings in some moisture and reacts with coke, reducing the generation of coke.

[0057] In addition, the present invention also exhibits the following excellent effects:

[0058] The present invention can convert polyolefin waste such as waste medical masks into renewable fuels and chemical raw materials, such as liquid hydrocarbons mainly composed of aviation fuel and gases mainly composed of hydrogen, methane, and ethylene, providing a way for resource utilization. Moreover, these separated fuels and chemical raw materials also have a large application field and market value.

[0059] The present invention can quickly collect the product gas. Using hydrogen as the circulating gas makes the product gas completely combustible and facilitates separation.

[0060] The present invention can effectively eliminate harmful substances in polyolefin waste such as waste medical masks, such as viruses and bacteria, reducing the infection risk and secondary pollution.

[0061] The present invention can utilize solar energy or an optical fiber light source as the light source to achieve the utilization of clean energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

[0062] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a treatment device for polyolefin waste, wherein,

[0063] The treatment device includes: a reactor, in which there are a light absorbent and a photocatalyst, and while hydrogen and / or reaction-generated gas is circulated, light and heat are continuously applied to the polyolefin waste to cause a photothermal decomposition reaction of the organic waste and decompose it.

[0064] In the treatment device for polyolefin waste of the present invention, it preferably further includes: a lighting unit that applies light to the polyolefin waste introduced into the reactor; and a heating unit that applies heat to the polyolefin waste introduced into the reactor.

[0065] Wherein, the lighting unit can be a xenon lamp.

[0066] In the treatment device for polyolefin waste of the present invention, it preferably further includes: a hydrogen feeding unit that introduces hydrogen into the reactor to initiate the photothermal decomposition reaction; and a polyolefin waste introducing unit that is used to introduce polyolefin waste into the reactor.

[0067] In the treatment device for polyolefin waste of the present invention, it preferably further includes: a gas-liquid separation unit that separates the reaction products generated by the photothermal decomposition reaction of the polyolefin waste into gas and liquid; a gas recovery unit that is used to recover the pyrolysis gas generated after the photothermal decomposition reaction of the polyolefin waste; and a liquid recovery and storage unit that is used to recover and store the liquid generated after the photothermal decomposition reaction of the polyolefin waste.

[0068] In the treatment device for polyolefin waste of the present invention, it preferably further includes: a pyrolysis gas introducing unit that introduces the pyrolysis gas recovered by the gas recovery unit into the reactor as an atmosphere gas.

[0069] In the treatment device for polyolefin waste of the present invention, it preferably further includes: a bubbling unit that is filled with water, and the hydrogen first passes through the bubbling unit to carry in part of the moisture and then is introduced into the reactor.

[0070] In the treatment device for polyolefin waste of the present invention, it preferably further includes: a temperature detection unit and a temperature adjustment unit, the temperature detection unit detects and monitors the temperature of the polyolefin waste in the reactor, and the temperature adjustment unit adjusts the heating unit to control the temperature of the polyolefin waste in the reactor.

[0071] Specifically, the polyolefin waste treatment device of the present invention generally includes a hydrogen inlet device, a quartz tube reactor, a gas-liquid separator, a gas tank, and a small circulation device connected in sequence. The outlet end of the small circulation device is connected to the inlet end of the quartz tube reactor. Additionally, an air bag is provided at one outlet end of the gas tank, and a spiral feeding device is connected to the inlet end of the quartz tube reactor.

[0072] The polyolefin waste treatment device of the present invention includes a circulating structure connected in sequence. The function of the circulating structure is to recycle and analyze the pyrolysis gas after passing through the gas-liquid separator. At the same time, it brings the raw materials brought in by the spiral feeder into the reactor for reaction, reducing the consumption of hydrogen and improving the reaction efficiency and safety. The circulating structure includes a needle valve, a small vacuum circulating pump, a flow meter calibrated with pyrolysis gas components, and a needle valve connected in sequence. The outlet end of the needle valve is connected to the outlet end of the spiral feeding structure.

[0073] The quartz tube reactor can be a cylindrical tube with a length of 40 cm. There is a square structure with a side length of 2 cm inscribed in the outer circle and a sand core in the middle. A xenon lamp is placed directly opposite the outside of the sand core, and an electric furnace is sleeved outside the cylindrical tube.

[0074] In this quartz tube reactor, a photopyrolysis reaction is carried out. The polyolefin waste can be introduced into the reactor through a spiral feeding device. The spiral feeding device can include a spiral feeder and a solid material bin. The material enters the spiral structure from the upper solid material bin, and the solid is added to the reactor by driving the spiral structure with a motor. The outlet end of the spiral feeding structure is connected to the outlet end of the circulating pump.

[0075] The hydrogen inlet device includes a small portable hydrogen cylinder, a flow meter calibrated with hydrogen as the calibration gas, a bubbler connected by a four-way valve, a pressure device, and a needle valve connected in sequence. The outlet end of the needle valve.

[0076] The gas-liquid separator can be a two-layer structure, with the condensate on the outer layer and the liquid product being collected when passing through the inner layer.

[0077] The small circulation device includes a needle valve, a small vacuum circulating pump, a flow meter calibrated with pyrolysis gas components, and a needle valve connected in sequence. The outlet end of the needle valve is connected to the outlet end of the spiral feeding structure.

[0078] When using the processing device of the present invention to process polyolefin waste, especially waste medical masks, the masks are crushed and placed in a solid bin, titanium dioxide powder as a catalyst is placed in the quartz tube reactor, hydrogen is introduced into the system, and after exhausting the air in the system, the screw feeder drives the reactants into the quartz tube reactor for reaction. In the quartz tube reactor, the photothermal decomposition reaction temperature is 500°C to 600°C, and the electric furnace only needs to operate at a low power, and the main energy is provided by the xenon lamp. The pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis reaction is discharged from the outlet at the bottom of the quartz tube reactor, enters the gas-liquid separator for condensation, and the pyrolysis gas after passing through the gas-liquid separator enters the gas tank, part of which enters the gas bag for collection, and the other part is introduced into the circulation pump.

[0079] The pyrolysis gas after passing through the gas tank passes through the small circulation structure, and at the outlet end, the raw materials brought in by the screw feeder are brought into the quartz tube reactor. At the same time, the hydrogen inlet device can be closed, so that the pyrolysis gas is used as the atmosphere gas and the reaction continues; or the hydrogen inlet device can be opened to supply hydrogen, and hydrogen and pyrolysis gas (i.e., the reaction-generated gas) are supplied to the quartz tube reactor together as the atmosphere gas.

[0080] The present invention adopts a continuous photothermal decomposition reactor, which can realize continuous heating and catalytic pyrolysis of waste masks, form a circulation loop, make the reaction more complete, and improve the energy utilization rate.

[0081] In addition, in the polyolefin waste treatment device of the present invention, a tower-type solar concentrator unit can be used to replace the above-mentioned lighting unit and heating unit. The tower-type solar concentrator unit directly focuses on the polyolefin waste in the reactor and applies light and heat to it.

[0082] As a specific method, a tower-type solar concentrator device can be used to replace the xenon lamp and the electric furnace, directly focusing on and heating the raw materials in the quartz tube. The concentrator device is located below the quartz tube reactor.

[0083] By using the concentrator device, the device can be powered by clean energy, realizing 100% renewable energy utilization.

[0084] In the polyolefin waste treatment device of the present invention using the tower-type solar concentrator unit, it can also include: an adjustable reflector, which is arranged below the tower-type solar concentrator unit and is used to adjust the angle and position of the concentrated light.

[0085] In the polyolefin waste treatment device of the present invention using the tower-type solar concentrator unit, it can also include: a rotatable tracking device, which is arranged above the tower-type solar concentrator unit and is used to automatically adjust the orientation of the concentrator device according to the change of the sun's position.

[0086] In the apparatus for treating polyolefin waste of the present invention using a tower-type solar concentrator unit, it may further include: a temperature sensor and a controller, which are arranged outside the tower-type solar concentrator unit and are used to monitor and control the intensity of light concentration.

[0087] Specifically, if factors such as the light concentration angle, light concentration intensity, and light concentration stability need to be considered when using a tower-type solar concentrator device, the following technical measures can be adopted:

[0088] An adjustable mirror can be arranged below the tower-type solar concentrator device to adjust the angle and position of light concentration, so that the light concentration can accurately irradiate the raw materials in the quartz tube;

[0089] A rotatable tracking device can be arranged above the tower-type solar concentrator device to automatically adjust the orientation of the concentrator device according to the change in the position of the sun and maintain the stability of light concentration;

[0090] A temperature sensor and a controller can be arranged outside the tower-type solar concentrator device to monitor and control the intensity of light concentration, prevent overheating or overcooling, and keep the reaction temperature between 500°C and 600°C.

[0091] By using a tower-type solar concentrator device instead of xenon lamps and electric furnaces, the present invention not only realizes the utilization of clean energy but also improves the reaction efficiency and safety.

[0092] Embodiment

[0093] An apparatus for photothermal decomposition treatment of waste medical masks as shown in Figure 1 was fabricated, which mainly includes the following parts:

[0094] The atmosphere gas enters the circulation system: flowmeter 1, one-way valve 2, filter 3, four-way valve 4, pressure gauge, needle valve 7. Among them, flowmeter 1 is used to measure the gas flow rate, one-way valve 2 is used to control the gas flow direction, filter 3 is used to filter impurities in the gas, four-way valve 4 is used to adjust the gas flow direction, pressure gauge is used to measure the gas pressure, and needle valve 7 is used to control the gas flow rate in the reaction furnace.

[0095] Reaction furnace: As shown in Figure 1 , the reaction furnace is a quartz cylindrical tube with a length of 80 cm. The inlet end is connected to a spiral feeding device. The solid material bin 5 is connected to the spiral feeder 6, and the feeder is heated by an electric heating element (electric furnace) to heat the reactants entering the reaction sand core from the spiral feeder.

[0096] Loop circulation system: It consists of a needle valve 8, a quartz tube 11, a gas-liquid separator 12, a filter 13, a six-way valve 14, a chromatographic carrier gas inlet and outlet 15, a mass flowmeter 16, a small circulation pump 17, a needle valve 18, and a gas tank 19 to jointly form a reaction-generated gas circulation structure. The outlet end of the loop circulation system is connected to the inlet end of the reaction furnace.

[0097] In this structure, the gas tank contains the reaction-generated gas. The small circulation pump is used to circulate the gas. The needle valve and the six-way valve are used to regulate the flow rate and flow direction of the gas. The chromatographic carrier gas inlet and outlet and the mass flowmeter are used to analyze the composition and flow rate of the product. There is an instrument in the reaction furnace for detecting the reaction furnace temperature measuring instrument 9 and the reaction temperature measuring instrument 10. These components jointly form a reaction-generated gas circulation structure, which can realize the recycling of reactants and the collection and analysis of products.

[0098] In addition, in order to control the reaction temperature, a heating / insulating device is provided around the quartz tube 11. In the left and right furnace bodies, multiple electric furnaces (red areas in the figure) are set up respectively to cover the surface of the heated quartz tube to keep the temperature inside the quartz tube stable. The space reserved around the main reaction range in the quartz tube can be used for the irradiation of the xenon lamp light source, so as to set the amount of substance of the reactants and the reaction environment specifically. Finally, the exhaust bag 21 is used to collect the product.

[0099] In actual operation, the waste medical masks to be processed first enter the reactants of the reaction sand core through a screw feeder, and then undergo a photothermal decomposition reaction in the quartz tube reaction furnace. The reaction products are then recycled and analyzed through the circulation system, and finally collected and processed. During the whole process, the setting of components such as multiple one-way valves and gas-liquid separators can ensure the stability and safety of the reaction system.

[0100] According to the above, this embodiment provides an efficient and reliable waste medical mask treatment device, which can be widely used in practice.

[0101] In summary: The present invention constructs a new treatment method and treatment device for polyolefin waste. By adopting photothermal synergistic catalytic cracking and a circulation structure, it solves the problems of low catalytic efficiency, large energy consumption bottleneck, and inability of the equipment to operate stably in the long term during the traditional pyrolysis process.

Claims

1. A method for treating polyolefin waste, characterized in that, In a reactor, in the presence of a light absorbent and a photocatalyst, while flowing hydrogen gas and / or reaction-generated gas, light and heat are continuously applied to polyolefin waste to cause photothermal decomposition reaction of the organic waste and decompose it, and the reaction products are recovered.

2. The processing method according to claim 1, wherein, The photocatalyst is selected from at least one of titanium dioxide, iron oxide, or aluminum oxide.

3. The processing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The light absorbent is selected from at least one of activated carbon, iron tetroxide, indium selenide, and manganese dioxide.

4. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The gas generated by the photothermal decomposition reaction is introduced into the reactor as an atmosphere gas.

5. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The reaction temperature of the photothermal decomposition reaction is 500 °C to 600 °C.

6. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The irradiation intensity of the light is 40 W to 60 W measured by a light power meter in the case of xenon lamp irradiation.

7. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The polyolefin waste is waste medical masks.

8. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The hydrogen gas is further introduced into the reactor after passing through a bubbling step.

9. A treatment device for polyolefin waste, characterized in that the treatment device includes: a reactor, in which a light absorbent and a photocatalyst are present, and while flowing hydrogen gas and / or reaction-generated gas, light and heat are continuously applied to polyolefin waste to cause photothermal decomposition reaction of the organic waste and decompose it.

10. The treatment device according to claim 9, the device includes: a light irradiation unit, which applies light to the polyolefin waste introduced into the reactor; and a heating unit, which applies heat to the polyolefin waste introduced into the reactor.

11. The treatment device according to claim 9, the device further includes: a tower-type solar concentrating unit, which directly focuses on the polyolefin waste in the reactor and applies light and heat to it.

12. The treatment device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, the device further includes: a hydrogen gas feeding unit, which introduces hydrogen gas into the reactor to initiate the photothermal decomposition reaction; and a polyolefin waste introducing unit, which is used to introduce polyolefin waste into the reactor.

13. The treatment device according to any one of claims 9 to 12, the device further includes: a gas-liquid separation unit, which separates the reaction products generated by the photothermal decomposition reaction of polyolefin waste into gas and liquid; a gas recovery unit, which is used to recover the pyrolysis gas generated after the photothermal decomposition reaction of polyolefin waste; and a liquid recovery and storage unit, which is used to recover and store the liquid generated after the photothermal decomposition reaction of polyolefin waste.

14. The processing device according to claim 13, wherein, It also has a pyrolysis gas introducing unit, which introduces the pyrolysis gas recovered by the gas recovery unit into the reactor as an atmosphere gas.

15. The processing device according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein, The treatment device further includes a bubbling unit, which is filled with water, and the hydrogen gas first brings in part of the moisture through the bubbling unit and then is introduced into the reactor.

16. The processing device according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein, The gas-liquid separation unit has a two-layer structure, with the condensate on the outer layer and the liquid product being collected when passing through the inner layer.

17. The processing device according to any one of claims 9 or 12 to 16, wherein, The treatment device further includes a temperature detection unit and a temperature adjustment unit. The temperature detection unit detects and monitors the temperature of the polyolefin waste in the reactor, and the temperature adjustment unit adjusts the heating unit to control the temperature of the polyolefin waste in the reactor.

18. The processing device according to any one of claims 10 or 12 to 17, wherein, The light irradiation unit is a xenon lamp.

19. The processing device according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein, The treatment device further includes an adjustable mirror, which is arranged below the tower-type solar concentrating unit and is used to adjust the angle and position of the concentrated light.

20. The processing device according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein The processing device further includes a rotatable tracking device, which is arranged above the tower-type solar concentrating unit and is used to automatically adjust the orientation of the concentrating device according to the change of the sun's position.

21. The processing device according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein, The processing device further includes a temperature sensor and a controller, which are arranged outside the tower-type solar concentrating unit and are used to monitor and control the intensity of concentration.

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