A steering wheel steering four-wheel steering monocoque explosion-proof rubber-tyre vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a steering wheel steering four-wheel steering integral vehicle body explosion-proof rubber wheel vehicle, which comprises a narrow-body integral vehicle body, a spring suspension device, a power device, a front and rear four-wheel steering device controlled by a steering wheel, a steering system with forced centering, a full hydraulic braking system with parking brake bidirectional automatic reminding safety early warning control, a front cab and a rear cab arranged at the same side of the front and rear ends of the vehicle body, the power device arranged at the adjacent side of the front cab at the front end of the vehicle body, a passenger box mounted on the upper part of the vehicle body, a water supplement tank and a hydraulic oil tank mounted behind the front cab, and a lighting lamp and a signal lamp mounted on one side of the front face of the vehicle body. The explosion-proof vehicle adopts a narrow-body integral vehicle body and a steering wheel steering mode, can meet the steering habit of a driver, realizes front and rear axle four-wheel steering and flexible steering, and greatly reduces the turning radius of the vehicle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of the whole body explosion-proof rubber-tyred vehicle, and particularly relates to a steering wheel steering four-wheel turning whole body explosion-proof rubber-tyred vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The explosion-proof rubber-tyred vehicle is used more and more widely in coal mines, and new products are developed to meet various requirements in mines. In particular, the whole body explosion-proof rubber-tyred vehicle is favored by the mines due to its good applicability and other reasons, but there are still some deficiencies. At present, the whole body explosion-proof rubber-tyred vehicle includes two states, one is the whole body front wheel steering, rear wheel driving or front and rear wheel driving, and the steering is controlled by a steering wheel, and the transmission mode is generally mechanical transmission, and there is only one driver's cab; the other is hydraulic driving, four-wheel slippage steering, and the steering is controlled by a steering handle, the turning radius is small, and the driving is bidirectional, but the steering is controlled by a hydraulic pilot handle, and the driver's steering is not adaptive.

[0003] Meanwhile, there are two situations in the actual use of the daily explosion-proof vehicle, one is that the vehicle is driven in the state that the parking brake is not released, that is, the parking brake is always in the braking state under the action of the spring, and the friction plate is always in the semi-friction and semi-clutch state or the full-friction state, and when the vehicle is driven in the full-power state, the temperature in the friction plate rises rapidly, causing the friction plate to sinter and damage and lose the braking performance, and the aging and burning of the sealing ring in the brake due to the temperature rise, and the ignition and smoke of the hydraulic oil stains and rubber pipes around the brake due to the temperature rise of the surface of the brake, causing serious safety accidents; the other is that the driver forgets to park the hand brake or emergency brake in the braking state after parking the vehicle, causing the vehicle to roll and other safety accidents. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the problems of the steering handle control of the whole body explosion-proof rubber-tyred vehicle, the steering handle control is not adaptive, and the steering radius of the whole body explosion-proof rubber-tyred vehicle is large, the present application provides a steering wheel steering four-wheel turning whole body explosion-proof rubber-tyred vehicle.

[0005] The present application adopts the following technical scheme, a steering wheel steering four-wheel turning whole body explosion-proof rubber-tyred vehicle, including a narrow body whole vehicle body, a spring suspension device, a power device, a front and rear four-wheel steering device controlled by a steering wheel, a steering system with forced centering, and a full hydraulic braking system with a parking brake bidirectional automatic reminding safety warning control, the front and rear ends of the same side of the vehicle body are provided with a front driver's cab and a rear driver's cab, the power device is arranged on the adjacent side of the front end of the vehicle body in the front driver's cab, a passenger box is arranged on the upper part of the vehicle body, a water supplement tank and a hydraulic oil tank are arranged behind the front driver's cab, and a lighting lamp and a signal lamp are arranged on one side of the front face of the vehicle body.

[0006] Further, the passenger box includes a rear door opened on the rear side for the driver and the passenger to get on and off the vehicle, and an emergency escape door is provided on the front left side for the passengers, and two longitudinal long seats are arranged inside, and the foot area is sunken, and two removable maintenance plates are arranged on the bottom plate of the foot area, and windows are arranged around the passenger box, and a mesh protective net is arranged on the window, and a horn button is arranged beside the inner side of the rear door for the driver and the passenger to communicate with the driver when getting on and off the vehicle, and a lighting lamp and a signal lamp are arranged beside the rear door, and the passenger box is provided with a gap for mounting the rear cab.

[0007] Further, the power source of the power device is a high-pressure common rail explosion-proof diesel engine, the diesel engine is controlled by an electric oil pedal, a hydraulic pump is connected to the output port of the diesel engine, the hydraulic pump is connected to a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic motor is installed on a transfer case, the transfer case is connected to front and rear transmission shafts, the front transmission shaft is connected to the front axle, and the rear transmission shaft is connected to the rear axle.

[0008] Further, the steering system includes a steering gear pump for providing hydraulic power;

[0009] An overflow valve is connected to the steering gear pump for setting the output pressure of the steering gear pump;

[0010] A front cab steering assembly and a rear cab steering assembly, the front cab steering assembly includes a front cab priority valve and a front cab steering gear for independently controlling the steering of the explosion-proof rubber-tired vehicle by the front cab, and the rear cab steering assembly includes a rear cab priority valve and a rear cab steering gear for independently controlling the steering of the explosion-proof rubber-tired vehicle by the rear cab;

[0011] A front and rear cab isolation valve is connected to the steering gear pump, the front cab priority valve, and the rear cab priority valve for switching the front cab steering assembly and the rear cab steering assembly;

[0012] A front axle steering oil cylinder and a rear axle steering oil cylinder are arranged on the front axle and the rear axle respectively for driving the wheels of the front axle and the rear axle to deflect;

[0013] A forced centering control device, the front cab steering gear and the rear cab steering gear are connected to the front axle steering oil cylinder and the rear axle steering oil cylinder through the forced centering control device, and the front axle steering oil cylinder and the rear axle steering oil cylinder are controlled to be synchronous in steering and forced to be synchronous in centering.

[0014] Further, the forced centering control device is provided with a control valve for switching the front axle steering oil cylinder and the rear axle steering oil cylinder between synchronous steering and forced synchronous centering. The front steering gear is provided with an oil port L1 and an oil port R1, the rear steering gear is provided with an oil port L2 and an oil port R2, the front axle steering oil cylinder is provided with an oil port CK1 and an oil port JK1, and the rear axle steering oil cylinder is provided with an oil port CK2 and an oil port JK2. The oil port L1 and the oil port R2 are communicated, and the oil port CK2 is communicated. The oil port L2 and the oil port R1 and the oil port CK1 are communicated. When the control valve is switched to synchronous steering of the front axle steering oil cylinder and the rear axle steering oil cylinder, the oil port JK1 and the oil port JK2 are communicated. When the control valve is switched to forced synchronous centering of the front axle steering oil cylinder and the rear axle steering oil cylinder, the oil port JK1 and the oil port CK2 are communicated, and the oil port JK2 and the oil port CK1 are communicated.

[0015] Further, one of the front steering gear or the rear steering gear is dead, so that the front axle steering oil cylinder and the rear axle steering oil cylinder reach the maximum stroke at the same time to force the centering.

[0016] Further, the full hydraulic braking system comprises a variable pump, the displacement of which is adjusted by the angle of a swash plate, the swash plate is mechanically connected with a variable cylinder, the variable pump drives the variable motor to rotate forward or backward through positive / negative displacement, so as to realize the forward and backward movement of the vehicle, and the rear shaft of the variable pump is drivingly connected with gear pump I and gear pump II;

[0017] The variable cylinder is driven by hydraulic oil, pushes the swash plate to change the angle, and is controlled by a variable reversing valve.

[0018] The variable reversing valve is a proportional valve, the opening degree of which is determined by the control pressure Y1 / Y2, and the oil path direction of the gear pump I to the variable cylinder is adjusted.

[0019] The main pilot control valve and the auxiliary pilot control valve are proportional pressure reducing valves, and the gear pump pressure oil is output to Y1 / Y2 according to the operation proportion.

[0020] The pneumatic switching valve switches the main / auxiliary control right, and ensures that only one cab can be operated.

[0021] The main / auxiliary switching valve is a pneumatic valve, and the position of the pneumatic switching valve is controlled by compressed air.

[0022] The shuttle valve I and the shuttle valve II combine the main / auxiliary control signals to Y1 / Y2, and ensure one-way signal transmission.

[0023] The gear pump II provides a hydraulic source for the braking system, and charges the accumulator through the charging valve.

[0024] The parking brake is spring braking and hydraulic releasing, and is connected with the accumulator through the pneumatic reversing valve II.

[0025] The main parking brake valve and the auxiliary parking brake valve control the path of the pressure oil of the accumulator to the pneumatic reversing valve II.

[0026] The main driver emergency brake valve and the deputy driver emergency brake valve switch the pneumatic control air control reversing valve II, and forced braking can be realized in emergency situations.

[0027] The pressure sensor I detects the variable pump control pressure Y1 / Y2, and judges whether the vehicle is in gear.

[0028] The pressure sensor II detects the parking brake pressure, and judges whether the brake is released.

[0029] Further, the pressure gauge II and the pressure gauge III are further included, which are respectively installed on the main driver instrument and the deputy driver instrument, and display the main / deputy driver brake release pressure.

[0030] Further, the 1 port of the shuttle valve I is connected with the 2 port of the main driver pilot control valve, the 1 port of the shuttle valve I is connected with the 2 port of the deputy driver pilot control valve, the 3 port of the shuttle valve I is connected with the Y1 port of the variable reversing valve, the 1 port of the shuttle valve II is connected with the 1 port of the main driver pilot control valve, the 2 port of the shuttle valve II is connected with the 1 port of the deputy driver pilot control valve, the 3 port of the shuttle valve II is connected with the Y2 port of the variable reversing valve, the 3 port of the shuttle valve II is connected with the 1 port of the shuttle valve III and the Y1 port of the variable reversing valve, the 3 port of the shuttle valve I is connected with the 2 port of the shuttle valve III and the Y2 port of the variable reversing valve, and the 3 port of the shuttle valve III is connected with the pressure sensor I.

[0031] Further, the controller is further included, the controller is electrically connected with the pressure sensor I and the pressure sensor II, when the controller detects that the pressure sensor I and the pressure sensor II all have signals, the vehicle can normally walk, when the pressure sensor I has no pressure and the pressure sensor II has pressure, the vehicle is in neutral gear, the parking brake is in the brake release position, and the controller sends an alarm signal; when the pressure sensor I has pressure and the pressure sensor II has no pressure, the vehicle has been engaged in forward or reverse gear, but the parking brake is in the brake position, and the controller sends an alarm signal at this time.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The explosion-proof vehicle adopts a narrow overall body, and the steering wheel can steer, so that the driving habit of the driver can be met, the front and rear axle four-wheel steering is flexible, and the turning radius of the vehicle is greatly reduced.

[0034] 2. The forced centering control device can forcibly adjust the front and rear steering when there is a misalignment in the steering during vehicle operation, so as to avoid the vehicle running off course due to the misalignment, which would cause serious tire wear and affect the comfort of handling, thus reducing safety hazards.

[0035] 3. The fully hydraulic braking system cleverly collects pressure signals from two systems and implements different types of audible and visual prompts by comparing different types of pressure. This provides bidirectional reminders to the driver to release and apply the brakes, preventing the friction pads from sintering and causing a fire when the vehicle is driven without releasing the brakes. On the other hand, it reminds the driver to apply the handbrake after parking, preventing the vehicle from rolling away due to forgetting to apply the handbrake after parking. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of the invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the passenger compartment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a control principle diagram of the steering system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a control principle diagram of the fully hydraulic braking system of the present invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Vehicle body; 2. Front cab; 3. Spring suspension system; 4. Power unit; 4-1. Transfer case; 4-2. Hydraulic motor; 4-3. Rear drive shaft; 4-4. Front drive shaft;

[0042] 5. Steering System; 5-1. Steering Gear Pump; 5-2. Overflow Valve; 5-3. Front and Rear Driver Isolation Valve; 5-4. Rear Driver Priority Valve; 5-5. Front Driver Priority Valve; 5-6. Front Driver Steering Gear; 5-7. Rear Driver Steering Gear; 5-8. Front Axle Steering Cylinder; 5-9. Forced Centering Control Device; 5-10. Rear Axle Steering Cylinder;

[0043] 6, full hydraulic braking system; 6-1, variable pump; 6-2, variable cylinder; 6-3, variable directional valve; 6-4, main driver pilot control valve; 6-5, deputy driver pilot control valve; 6-6, air control directional valve I; 6-7, shuttle valve I; 6-8, shuttle valve II; 6-9, shuttle valve III; 6-10, pressure sensor I; 6-11, gear pump I; 6-12, gear pump II; 6-13, variable motor; 6-14, liquid filling valve; 6-15, accumulator; 6-16, main driver parking brake valve; 6-17, deputy driver parking brake valve; 6-18, air control directional valve II; 6-19, pressure gauge I; 6-20, pressure gauge II; 6-21, pressure gauge III; 6-22, pressure sensor II; 6-23, overflow valve I; 6-24, main deputy driver switching valve; 6-25, throttle valve I; 6-26, throttle valve II; 6-27, main driver emergency brake valve; 6-28, air source; 6-29, deputy driver emergency brake valve; 6-30, parking brake;

[0044] 7, passenger compartment; 7-1, emergency escape door; 7-2, protective net; 7-3, surrounding beam frame; 7-4, notch; 7-5, rear door; 7-6, foot pedal area; 7-7, signal and lighting lamp; 7-8, long seat;

[0045] 8, rear cab; 9, safety starting and electrical system; 10, water replenishing tank; 11, hydraulic oil tank; 12, exhaust gas treatment tank; 13, gas tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present application, a steering wheel operated four-wheel steering overall vehicle body explosion-proof rubber wheel vehicle will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0047] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a steering wheel operated four-wheel steering overall vehicle body explosion-proof rubber wheel vehicle, comprising a narrow overall vehicle body 1, a front cab 2, a spring suspension device 3, a power device 4, a front and rear four-wheel steering device operated by a steering wheel and having a forced centering steering system 5, a full hydraulic braking system having a parking brake bidirectional automatic reminding safety early warning control 6, a passenger compartment 7, a rear cab 8, a safety starting and electrical system 9, a water replenishing tank 10, a hydraulic oil tank 11, an exhaust gas treatment tank 12 and a gas tank 13.

[0048] The vehicle body 1 adopts a transverse and longitudinal beam welded structure, the front cab 2 and the rear cab 8 are welded on the same side of the front and rear ends of the vehicle body 1, the adjacent side of the front end of the vehicle body 1 and the front cab 2 is provided with the power device 4, the exhaust gas treatment tank 12 and the gas tank 13 are installed on both sides of the vehicle body 1, the passenger compartment 7 is installed on the upper part of the vehicle body, and the water replenishing tank 10 and the hydraulic oil tank 11 are installed behind the front cab 2. A cover is installed on the upper part of the power device 4, and a lighting lamp and a signal lamp are installed on one side of the front face of the vehicle body 1.

[0049] The driving door of the front cab 2 is outwardly opened, and various instruments, buttons, steering wheels, reversing handles, parking brake handles and display screens are installed on the instrument panel. The brake pedal and the accelerator pedal are installed below the instrument panel, the main command switch is installed on the right side panel, and the seat, protection device, fire extinguisher and other accessories are installed inside. The cab has a roof, a windshield and a pneumatic control rain wiper. The instrument panel of the rear cab 8 is installed with the main command switch, steering wheel, instrument and button. The brake pedal and the accelerator pedal are installed below the instrument panel. The seat is installed inside, the door is symmetrically arranged with the main driver, and the roof, windshield and windshield are common with the front cab.

[0050] As shown in Figure 3 , the passenger box 7 includes a main structure of the surrounding beam frame 7-3, and a window is arranged around the passenger box 7. The passenger box 7 has a passenger door 7-5 on the rear side of the passenger box 7, and an emergency escape door 7-1 is provided on the front left side. There are two longitudinal long seat 7-8 inside, and the foot area 7-6 is sunken to make the passengers more comfortable. Two removable inspection panels are opened on the bottom plate of the foot area to facilitate the maintenance of the hydraulic elements installed on the vehicle body below the passenger box. A mesh protective screen 7-2 is installed on the window to ensure the safety of the passengers. A horn button 7-9 is installed beside the inside of the rear door 7-5 for communication between the driver and the passengers when getting on and off the vehicle. The opening of the rear door 7-5 is controlled by the driver, and the vehicle can only be started when the rear door 7-5 is closed. A lighting lamp and a signal lamp 7-7 are installed beside the rear door 7-5. The passenger box 7 is cut off at one corner to form a gap 7-4 to provide enough space for installing the rear cab 8.

[0051] As shown in Figure 1 , the power source of the power device 4 is a high-pressure common rail explosion-proof diesel engine. The diesel engine driving is controlled by an electric oil pedal. The output port of the diesel engine is connected with a hydraulic pump, which is a variable plunger pump. The hydraulic motor 4-2 and the front and rear transmission shafts are connected to the transfer case 4-1. The hydraulic motor 4-2 is installed on the transfer case 4-1. The transmission route is hydraulic-mechanical all-wheel drive. The front transmission shaft 4-4 is connected with the front axle, and the rear transmission shaft 4-3 is connected with the rear axle. The transmission route is hydraulic pump→hydraulic motor 4-2→transfer case 4-1→front and rear transmission shafts+front and rear steering drive axles.

[0052] The front and rear axles are steering drive axles, and the front and rear axles are provided with double extension rod steering hydraulic cylinders. The steering control is realized through the steering system 5. As shown in Figure 4 , the steering system 5 has two independent priority valves and a steering gear. Two independent steering wheels are installed in the front and rear cabs, and the front and rear axles have independent steering oil cylinders. The steering oil cylinders have a forced centering control device 5-9. The power source is a steering gear pump 5-1. The front and rear driving operations have front and rear driving isolation valves 5-3.

[0053] Specifically, the pressure output by the steering gear pump 5-1 is regulated by the overflow valve 5-2; the switching of the front-rear cab isolation valve 5-3 is controlled to the rear cab after the Z port is connected to the air source, and the default state of the explosion-proof driving vehicle is to control the front cab, and the front-rear driving control has independent priority valves and steering gears.

[0054] When the front cab is controlled, the pressure oil output by the steering gear pump 5-1 reaches the P1 port and the CF1 port of the front cab priority valve 5-5 through the P port and the A port of the front-rear cab isolation valve 5-3, and then reaches the P3 port of the front cab steering gear 5-6. The load sensing LS3 port of the front cab steering gear 5-6 is connected with the load sensing port LS1 of the front cab priority valve 5-5. When the front cab steering wheel is controlled to the left, the front cab steering gear 5-6 starts to work, and the pressure oil P3 enters the 3 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the steering gear valve core after the L1 port, the 3 port is communicated with the 2 port and the 1 port, the 2 port is connected to the R2 port of the rear cab steering gear 5-7, and at this time the R2 port is in a blocking state, and the 1 port is connected to the CK2 port of the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10, which pushes the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10 piston rod to extend downward, drives the rear axle to turn right, and the pressure oil in the lower piston rod cavity of the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10 enters the 7 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the outlet JK2, and then enters the upper piston rod cavity JK1 port of the front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8 through the P port, the T port and the 8 port of the forced centering control device 5-9, which pushes the piston rod to extend downward and drives the front axle to turn left. The pressure oil in the lower piston rod cavity enters the 4 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the CK1 port, and the 4 port is communicated with the 5 port, the 6 port and the B port, the B port is blocked, the 5 port is communicated with the L2 port of the rear cab steering gear 5-7, and the 6 port is connected with the R1 port of the front cab steering gear 5-6. The front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8 turns left and the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10 turns right, which realizes the left turn of the vehicle.

[0055] When the front cab steering wheel is controlled to the right, the front cab steering gear 5-6 starts to work, and the pressure oil P3 enters the 6 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the steering gear valve core after the R1 port, the 6 port is communicated with the 5 port and the 4 port, the 5 port is connected to the L2 port of the rear cab steering gear 5-7, and at this time the L2 port is in a blocking state, the 4 port is connected to the CK1 port of the front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8, which pushes the front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8 piston rod to extend upward, drives the front axle to turn right, and the pressure oil in the upper piston rod cavity of the front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8 enters the 8 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the outlet JK1, and then enters the lower piston rod cavity JK2 port of the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10 through the T port, the P port and the 7 port of the forced centering control device 5-9, which pushes the piston rod to extend upward and drives the rear axle to turn left. The pressure oil in the upper piston rod cavity enters the 1 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the CK2 port, and the 1 port is communicated with the 2 port, the 3 port and the A port, the A port is blocked, the 2 port is communicated with the R2 port of the rear cab steering gear 5-7, and the 3 port is connected with the L1 port of the front cab steering gear 5-6. The front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8 turns right and the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10 turns left, which realizes the right turn of the vehicle.

[0056] When the rear cab is operated, first, the Z port of the front-rear driving isolation valve 5-3 is connected with compressed air, and after the air is connected, the valve is switched to the right position, that is, the P port of the valve is connected with the B port, at this time, the high-pressure oil output by the steering gear pump 5-1 reaches the P2 port and the CF2 port of the rear driving priority valve 5-4 through the P port and the B port of the valve, and then reaches the P4 port of the rear driving steering gear 5-7. The load sensing LS4 port of the rear driving steering gear 5-7 is connected with the load sensing port LS2 of the rear driving priority valve 5-4. When the rear cab is operated to the left, the rear driving steering gear 5-7 starts to work, the pressure oil P4 enters the 5 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the L2 port after passing through the steering gear valve core, the 5 port is connected with the 6 port and the 4 port, the 6 port is connected with the R1 port of the front driving steering gear 5-6, at this time, the R1 port is in a blocked state, the 4 port is connected with the CK1 port of the front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8, and the front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8 piston rod is pushed to extend upward, which drives the front axle to turn left, the pressure oil in the upper piston rod cavity of the front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8 enters the 8 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the outlet JK1, the 8 port enters the lower piston rod cavity JK2 of the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10 through the P port and the T port of the forced centering control device 5-9, and then the lower piston rod cavity JK2 enters the upper piston rod cavity JK1 of the front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8 through the 7 port, which pushes the piston rod to extend downward and drives the front axle to turn left, the pressure oil in the lower piston rod cavity enters the 1 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the CK2 port, the 1 port is connected with the 2 port, the 3 port and the A port, the A port is blocked, the 2 port is connected with the R2 port of the rear driving steering gear 5-7, and the 3 port is connected with the L1 port of the front driving steering gear 5-6. The vehicle is realized to turn left. When the rear cab is operated, it is just opposite to the front cab operation, and the front axle is relatively the rear axle, and the rear axle is relatively the front axle.

[0057] When the rear cab is operated to the right, the rear driving steering gear 5-7 starts to work, the pressure oil P4 enters the 2 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the R2 port after passing through the steering gear valve core, the 2 port is connected with the 1 port and the 3 port, the 3 port is connected with the L1 port of the front driving steering gear 5-6, at this time, the L1 port is in a blocked state, the 1 port is connected with the CK2 port of the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10, and the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10 piston rod is pushed to extend downward, which drives the rear axle to turn right, the pressure oil in the upper piston rod cavity of the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10 enters the 7 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the outlet JK2, the 7 port enters the lower piston rod cavity JK1 of the front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8 through the P port and the T port of the forced centering control device 5-9, and then the lower piston rod cavity JK1 enters the upper piston rod cavity JK2 of the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10 through the 8 port, which pushes the piston rod to extend downward and drives the front axle to turn left, the pressure oil in the lower piston rod cavity enters the 4 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the CK1 port, the 4 port is connected with the 6 port, the 5 port and the B port, the B port is blocked, the 6 port is connected with the R1 port of the front driving steering gear 5-6, and the 5 port is connected with the L2 port of the rear driving steering gear 5-7. The vehicle is realized to turn right.

[0058] When the vehicle runs for a period of time, the front and rear wheels steering angles are inconsistent, the steering wheel needs to be forced to adjust the center. At this time, the handle of the forced centering control device 5-9 is operated to change direction to the right position, at this time, P port communicates with B port, 4 port, 5 port and 6 port, T port communicates with A port, 1 port, 2 port and 3 port, at the same time, the rear cab steering wheel is locked to the left or right, when locked to the left, the pressure oil enters the 5 port of the forced centering control device 5-9 through the L2 port of the rear steering gear 5-7, the 6 port communicates with the R1 of the front steering gear 5-6 in a closed state, the 4 port enters the CK1 port of the front axle steering oil cylinder 5-8 to make it move upward, the B port communicates with the P port to enter the JK2 port of the rear axle steering oil cylinder 5-10 to make it move upward, the front and rear axle steering oil cylinders reach the maximum stroke at the same time, that is, the front and rear steering reaches consistency. Loosen the handle and operate the steering wheel to return the vehicle to the center position. The forced centering control device 5-9 can force the front and rear steering oil cylinders to reach the maximum stroke, realize the consistency of the front and rear steering oil cylinders, and ensure that the vehicle does not deviate from the center.

[0059] The full hydraulic braking system 6 includes service braking, parking braking and emergency braking. The service braking uses hydraulic braking and spring release; the emergency braking and parking braking share a brake, which is a spring brake hydraulic release wet type safety brake.

[0060] Two driver's cabins are separately provided with service brake pedal valves, parking brake valves and emergency brake button valves, the service brake is a hydraulic braking spring release type; the parking brake and the emergency brake share a brake, which is a spring brake hydraulic release type.

[0061] As shown in Figure 5 The full hydraulic braking system 6 includes a variable pump 6-1, the displacement of the variable pump 6-1 is changed by changing the angle of its swash plate, the swash plate is connected with a variable cylinder 6-2, the variable cylinder 6-2 is mechanically connected with a variable reversing valve 6-3, the opening of the variable reversing valve 6-3 changes proportionally with the size of the left and right control pressures Y1 and Y2. The pressures Y1 and Y2 are proportionally output by the main driver's cabin pilot control valve 6-4 and the deputy driver's cabin pilot control valve 6-5. The variable cylinder 6-2 outputs to the variable mechanism through the A port or the B port of the variable reversing valve 6-3, realizes the forward or reverse variable displacement output of the variable pump 6-1, and the A port and the B port of the variable reversing valve 6-3 are connected with the variable cylinder 6-2 through throttle valve I 6-25 and throttle valve II 6-26 respectively.

[0062] A gear pump I 6-11 is integrated on the rear shaft of the variable pump 6-1, and the pressure is adjusted by overflow valve I 6-23. The pressure oil of the gear pump I 6-11 reaches the P port of the pneumatic control switching valve I 6-6, and in normal state, P and A reach the P port of the main driver's cabin pilot control valve 6-4.

[0063] The main driver pilot control valve 6-4 and the deputy driver pilot control valve 6-5 are switched through the pneumatic reversing valve I 6-6, when the main driver pilot control valve 6-4 acts, the deputy driver pilot control valve 6-5 cannot act, or when the deputy driver pilot control valve 6-5 acts, the main driver pilot control valve 6-4 cannot act, avoiding the misoperation between the main driver and the deputy driver. The action of the pneumatic reversing valve I 6-6 is executed through the main deputy driver switch valve 6-24. The main deputy driver switch valve 6-24 is in the form of pneumatic control liquid, because the gas valve is small in volume and environmentally friendly, it is convenient to arrange in a narrow driver room. In the normal state, the main deputy driver switch valve 6-24 is in the right position, at this time, the compressed air of the air source 6-28 reaches the valve 1 port and is blocked, the control port K of the pneumatic reversing valve I 6-6 is communicated with the valve 2 port and the valve 3 port to exhaust, the pneumatic reversing valve I 6-6 is in the right position, that is, the P port is communicated with the A port to reach the P port of the main driver pilot control valve 6-4, and the P port of the deputy driver pilot control valve 6-5 returns to the tank through the B port and the T port of the pneumatic reversing valve I 6-6 to unload. At this time, the vehicle needs to be operated in the main driver room. When it is needed to operate in the deputy driver room, the main deputy driver switch valve 6-24 is first switched to the left position, the compressed air from the air source 6-28 reaches the valve 1 port and the valve 2 port to reach the pilot port K of the pneumatic reversing valve I 6-6, so that the pneumatic reversing valve I 6-6 is switched to the left position, and the pressure oil reaches the P port of the deputy driver pilot control valve 6-5 through the P port and the B port, and the P port of the main driver pilot control valve 6-4 returns to the tank through the A port and the T port of the pneumatic reversing valve I 6-6 to unload.

[0064] When the vehicle is controlled to move forward in the main driver, the main driver pilot control valve 6-4 is pushed forward, the pressure oil reaches the 1 port after being decompressed through the valve P, and reaches the Y1 port of the variable reversing valve 6-3 through the 1 port and the 3 port of the shuttle valve II 6-8, and pushes the variable reversing valve 6-3 to switch to the left position, at this time, the pressure oil from the gear pump I 6-11 reaches the left side of the variable cylinder 6-2 through the P port and the A port of the valve, and the variable pump 6-1 starts to work in the forward direction. When the vehicle is controlled to move backward, the main driver pilot control valve 6-4 is pushed backward, the pressure oil reaches the 2 port after being decompressed through the valve P, and reaches the Y2 port of the variable reversing valve 6-3 through the 1 port and the 3 port of the shuttle valve I 6-7, and pushes the variable reversing valve 6-3 to switch to the right position, at this time, the pressure oil from the gear pump I 6-11 reaches the right side of the variable cylinder 6-2 through the P port and the B port of the valve, and the variable pump 6-1 starts to work in the reverse direction.

[0065] When the vehicle is driven forward in the co-driver's cabin, the co-driver's pilot control valve 6-5 is pushed forward, and the pressure oil is discharged through the P port of the valve and reaches the 2 port, and then reaches the Y2 port of the variable directional valve 6-3 through the 2 and 3 ports of the shuttle valve I 6-7, and pushes the variable directional valve 6-3 to the right position, at this time, the pressure oil from the gear pump I 6-11 reaches the right side of the variable cylinder 6-2 through the P and B ports of the valve, and the variable pump 6-1 starts to work in the reverse direction. When the vehicle is driven backward, the co-driver's pilot control valve 6-5 is pushed backward, and the pressure oil is discharged through the P port of the valve and reaches the 1 port, and then reaches the Y1 port of the variable directional valve 6-3 through the 2 and 3 ports of the shuttle valve II 6-8, and pushes the variable directional valve 6-3 to the left position, at this time, the pressure oil from the gear pump I 6-11 reaches the left side of the variable cylinder 6-2 through the P and A ports of the valve, and the variable pump 6-1 starts to work in the forward direction.

[0066] The variable pump 6-1 is a bidirectional pump, when it works in the forward direction, the vehicle forward driving speed is controlled by the accelerator pedal, when it works in the reverse direction, the vehicle backward driving speed is controlled by the accelerator pedal, and the forward direction is the driving direction in the main driver's cabin. When the vehicle is driven in the co-driver's cabin, the variable pump 6-1 works in the reverse direction, and the vehicle is driven forward. The vehicle driving is realized by the variable pump 6-1 driving the variable motor 6-13 to rotate in the forward and reverse directions.

[0067] The gear pump II 6-12 is connected in series at the rear end of the variable pump 6-1, and the accumulator 6-15 is charged through the charging valve 6-14 to control the vehicle braking system. The main driver's cabin is provided with the main driver's parking brake valve 6-16 and the main driver's emergency brake valve 6-27, and the co-driver's cabin is provided with the co-driver's parking brake valve 6-17 and the co-driver's emergency brake valve 6-29. The main driver's instrument is provided with the brake release pressure gauge II 6-20, and the co-driver's instrument is provided with the brake release pressure gauge III 6-21.

[0068] The P port of the main driver's parking brake valve 6-16 is connected with the accumulator 6-15, the outlet A is connected to the P port of the co-driver's parking brake valve 6-17, the A port of the co-driver's parking brake valve 6-17 is connected to the P port of the pneumatic directional valve II 6-18, the outlet A of the pneumatic directional valve II 6-18 is connected to the parking brake 6-30, and the port is also connected with the pressure gauge II 6-20, the pressure gauge III 6-21 and the pressure sensor II 6-22.

[0069] The 1 port of the main driver's emergency brake valve 6-27 is connected with the air source 6-28, and the outlet 2 is connected to the 1 port of the co-driver's emergency brake valve 6-29, and the 2 port of the co-driver's emergency brake valve 6-29 is connected to the K port of the pneumatic directional valve II 6-18.

[0070] The outlet of the gear pump II 6-12 is connected to the P port of the charging valve 6-14, the A port of the charging valve is connected to the accumulator 6-15, and the high-pressure oil generated by the gear pump II 6-12 charges the accumulator 6-15 through the charging valve 6-14, and the charging pressure is adjusted by the charging valve 6-14.

[0071] When the vehicle is running, the main driver parking brake valve 6-16 and the deputy driver parking brake valve 6-17 are first placed in the brake release position, that is, the two valves are in the left position, the pressure oil in the accumulator 6-15 is connected to the P port, the A port of the main driver parking brake valve 6-16, the P port, the A port of the deputy driver parking brake valve 6-17 to the P port of the air control reversing valve II 6-18; at the same time, the main driver emergency brake valve 6-27 and the deputy driver emergency brake valve 6-29 are pulled up, that is, the two valves are in the right position, the compressed air of the air source 6-28 is connected to the 1 port, the 2 port of the main driver emergency brake valve 6-27, the 1 port, the 2 port of the deputy driver emergency brake valve 6-29 to the K port of the air control reversing valve II 6-18, and the valve is pushed to the lower position. The pressure oil of the P port is connected to the A port to reach the parking brake 6-30, compress the spring and release the brake. At this time, the pressure gauge II 6-20 and the pressure gauge III 6-21 all show the release pressure indication. The pressure sensor II 6-22 can monitor the pressure signal.

[0072] The 3 port of the shuttle valve II 6-8 is connected with the 1 port of the shuttle valve III 6-9 and the Y1 port of the variable reversing valve 6-3, the 3 port of the shuttle valve I 6-7 is connected with the 2 port of the shuttle valve III 6-9 and the Y2 port of the variable reversing valve 6-3, and the 3 port of the shuttle valve III 6-9 is connected with the pressure sensor I 6-10.

[0073] When the vehicle is running forward or backward, the Y1 port or the Y2 port of the variable reversing valve 6-3 has pressure, that is, the 1 port or the 2 port of the shuttle valve III 6-9 has pressure, at this time the 3 port of the shuttle valve III 6-9 outputs pressure, and the pressure sensor I 6-10 will have output indication.

[0074] When the controller detects that the pressure sensor I 6-10 and the pressure sensor II 6-22 both have signals, the vehicle can run normally, when the pressure sensor I 6-10 has no pressure and the pressure sensor II 6-22 has pressure, the vehicle is in neutral position, the parking brake 6-30 is in brake release position, the controller sends sound and light reminder to remind the driver to pull the hand brake, so as to avoid forgetting to pull the hand brake after the vehicle stops; when the pressure sensor I 6-10 has pressure and the pressure sensor II 6-22 has no pressure, the vehicle has been put into forward or reverse gear, but the parking brake 6-30 is in the brake position, at this time the controller sends sound and light reminder to remind the driver that the vehicle is ready to run, don't forget to release the hand brake, which will cause the brake friction plate to wear, high temperature, and cause safety accidents.

[0075] The full hydraulic brake system 6 can remind the driver to operate by sound and light when the vehicle parking brake is not released or the hand brake is not pulled after parking. Specifically, when the vehicle is in gear, a voice prompt of "please release the parking brake" is given when the parking brake 6-30 is not released, and the prompt sound disappears when the brake is released. When the vehicle is in neutral, the driver is reminded of the voice prompt "please pull the hand brake". This ensures that the driver is reminded to release the brake before driving and to apply the brake after parking, ensuring the safety of vehicle operation.

[0076] The safe starting system includes a gas tank 13 and auxiliary elements on the gas tank 13 such as a safety valve, a one-way valve, a ball valve, and a pneumatic control system including a starting motor, a starting control valve, a gas horn, a diesel engine choke cylinder, a pneumatic wiper, a pneumatic emergency brake button, etc.

[0077] The electrical system controls the lighting, the explosion-proof diesel engine fuel injection device, the throttle control, the reversing image, and the vehicle safety protection system such as temperature sensors, water level sensors, pressure sensors, and ECU control systems.

[0078] The explosion-proof rubber-tyred vehicle of the embodiment has a small turning radius, flexible steering, large driving force, and strong climbing ability. The forced centering control device 5-9 can force adjustment of the front and rear steering when they are inconsistent during vehicle operation. The full hydraulic brake system 6 collects the pilot pressure and the control pressure signal entering the parking brake 6-30, and the pressure sensor transmits the pressure signal to the controller for analysis and comparison, and then issues different alarm language prompts. When the vehicle parking brake is not released or the hand brake is not pulled after parking, the driver is reminded by sound and light.

[0079] It can be understood that the present application is described by some embodiments, and those skilled in the art know that various changes or equivalent replacements can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. In addition, under the guidance of the present application, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific conditions and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of the present application are within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A steering wheel-operated, four-wheel steering, integral body, explosion-proof rubber-wheeled vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a narrow-body integrated body, spring suspension system, power unit, steering wheel-operated front and rear four-wheel steering system with forced centering steering system, and a fully hydraulic braking system with two-way automatic reminder safety warning control for parking brake. The front and rear cabs are set on the same side of the body. The power unit is located on the side of the front cab at the front of the body. The passenger box is installed on the upper part of the body. A water tank and hydraulic oil tank are installed behind the front cab. A lighting and signal light are installed on one side of the front of the body. The steering system includes a steering gear pump to provide hydraulic power; The relief valve, connected to the steering gear pump, is used to adjust the output pressure of the steering gear pump; The front steering assembly includes a front priority valve and a front steering gear, which are used for independent control of the steering of the explosion-proof rubber-wheeled vehicle from the front cab. The rear steering assembly includes a rear priority valve and a rear steering gear, which are used for independent control of the steering of the explosion-proof rubber-wheeled vehicle from the rear cab. Front and rear driving isolation valves connect the steering gear pump and the front and rear driving priority valves, and are used to switch the front and rear driving steering components. The front axle steering cylinder and the rear axle steering cylinder are respectively installed on the front and rear axles, and are used to drive the wheels of the front and rear axles to deflect. The forced centering control device connects the front steering gear and rear steering gear to the front axle steering cylinder and the rear axle steering cylinder, respectively, to control the front axle steering cylinder and the rear axle steering cylinder to turn synchronously and force synchronous centering. The fully hydraulic braking system includes a variable displacement pump, the displacement of which is adjusted by the swashplate angle. The swashplate is mechanically connected to the variable displacement cylinder. The variable displacement pump drives the variable displacement motor to rotate forward and backward through the forward / reverse displacement, thereby realizing the forward and backward movement of the vehicle. The rear axle drive of the variable displacement pump is connected to gear pump I and gear pump II. The variable cylinder is driven by hydraulic oil, which pushes the swashplate to change its angle and is controlled by the variable directional valve. The variable directional valve's opening degree is determined by the control pressure Y1 / Y2, adjusting the oil circuit direction from gear pump I to the variable cylinder; The main pilot control valve and the auxiliary pilot control valve, along with the proportional pressure reducing valve, output the gear pump pressure oil to Y1 / Y2 according to the operating ratio. The pneumatic switching valve switches between driver and passenger control, ensuring that only one cab can operate the system. The driver / passenger switching valve is a pneumatic valve, whose position is controlled by compressed air. Shuttle valve I and shuttle valve II combine the master / co-driver control signals to Y1 / Y2 to ensure unidirectional signal transmission; Gear pump II provides hydraulic power to the braking system and charges the accumulator through the charging valve; The parking brake is spring-loaded and hydraulically released, and is connected to the accumulator via pneumatic reversing valve II. The driver's side parking brake valve and the passenger side parking brake valve control the path of the accumulator pressure oil to the pneumatic directional valve II; The driver's emergency brake valve and the passenger's emergency brake valve are pneumatically controlled and switched by pneumatically controlled directional valve II, which can force braking in an emergency. Pressure sensor I detects the variable pump control pressure Y1 / Y2 to determine whether the vehicle is in gear; Pressure sensor II detects the parking brake pressure to determine whether the brake has been released; Port 1 of shuttle valve I is connected to port 2 of the master pilot control valve; port 1 of shuttle valve I is connected to port 2 of the co-pilot pilot control valve; port 3 of shuttle valve I is connected to port Y1 of the variable directional valve; port 1 of shuttle valve II is connected to port 1 of the master pilot control valve; port 2 of shuttle valve II is connected to port 1 of the co-pilot pilot control valve; port 3 of shuttle valve II is connected to port Y2 of the variable directional valve; port 3 of shuttle valve II is connected to port 1 of shuttle valve III and port Y1 of the variable directional valve; port 3 of shuttle valve I is connected to port 2 of shuttle valve III and port Y2 of the variable directional valve; port 3 of shuttle valve III is connected to pressure sensor I. The system includes a controller that is electrically connected to pressure sensors I and II. When the controller detects signals from both pressure sensors I and II, the vehicle can move normally. When pressure sensor I has no pressure but pressure sensor II has pressure, the vehicle is in neutral, the parking brake is in the released position, and the controller issues an alarm signal. When pressure sensor I has pressure but pressure sensor II has no pressure, the vehicle is already in forward or reverse gear, but the parking brake is in the brake position, and the controller issues an alarm signal.

2. The four-wheel steering, integral body, explosion-proof rubber-wheeled vehicle with steering wheel control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The passenger compartment includes a rear door on the rear side for passengers to get on and off, an emergency escape door on the left side of the front, two longitudinal bench seats inside, a sunken foot area, and two removable inspection panels on the floor of the foot area. Windows are arranged around the perimeter of the passenger compartment, and the windows are fitted with mesh screens. A horn button is installed next to the inside of the rear door for passengers to communicate with the driver when getting on and off the vehicle. Lighting and signal lights are installed next to the rear door. The passenger compartment has a notch for installing the rear driver's cab.

3. The four-wheel steering, integral body, explosion-proof rubber-wheeled vehicle with steering wheel control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power source of the power unit is a high-pressure common rail explosion-proof diesel engine. The diesel engine is controlled by an electric throttle pedal. The output port of the diesel engine is connected to a hydraulic pump, which is connected to a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor is mounted on the transfer case, which is connected to the front and rear drive shafts. The front drive shaft is connected to the front axle, and the rear drive shaft is connected to the rear axle.

4. The four-wheel steering, integral body, explosion-proof rubber-tired vehicle with steering wheel control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forced centering control device is equipped with a control valve to switch between synchronous steering and forced synchronous centering of the front axle steering cylinder and the rear axle steering cylinder. The front steering gear has oil ports L1 and R1, the rear steering gear has oil ports L2 and R2, the front axle steering cylinder has oil ports CK1 and JK1, and the rear axle steering cylinder has oil ports CK2 and JK2. Oil ports L1, R2, and CK2 are connected, and oil port L2 is connected to oil ports R1 and CK1. When the control valve is switched to synchronous steering of the front axle steering cylinder and the rear axle steering cylinder, oil ports JK1 and JK2 are connected. When the control valve is switched to forced synchronous centering of the front axle steering cylinder and the rear axle steering cylinder, oil ports JK1 and CK2 are connected, and oil ports JK2 and CK1 are connected.

5. The four-wheel steering, integral body, explosion-proof rubber-tired vehicle with steering wheel control according to claim 4, characterized in that, Turning the front or rear steering gear to its full position in one direction forces the front and rear axle steering cylinders to reach their maximum stroke simultaneously, thus forcing alignment.

6. The four-wheel steering, integral body, explosion-proof rubber-tired vehicle with steering wheel control according to claim 1, characterized in that, This includes pressure gauges II and III, which are installed on the driver's side instrument panel and passenger's side instrument panel respectively, to display the release pressure of the driver's / passenger's brakes. The P port of the driver's side parking brake valve is connected to the accumulator, and outlet A is connected to the P port of the passenger's side parking brake valve. The outlet A of the passenger's side parking brake valve is connected to the P port of the pneumatic directional valve II. The outlet A of the pneumatic directional valve II is connected to the parking brake. Pressure gauges II, III, and pressure sensor II are also connected to this port. Port 1 of the driver's side emergency brake valve is connected to the air source, and outlet 2 is connected to port 1 of the passenger's side emergency brake valve. Port 2 of the passenger's side emergency brake valve is connected to port K of the pneumatic directional valve II.

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