Vertebra operation instrument

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a vertebra surgical instrument, comprising: a drilling module comprising a drilling machine, a transmission mechanism mounted on the drilling machine and a drill bit assembly connected with the transmission mechanism, the drilling machine driving the transmission mechanism during operation so as to drive the drill bit assembly to simultaneously form two through holes in a spinous process of a vertebra; the operating forceps comprise two hinged forceps handles and two groups of clamping and fixing assemblies arranged on the two forceps handles, the two groups of clamping and fixing assemblies penetrate through the corresponding through holes respectively, and then spinous processes on vertebrae are clamped and fixed through the through holes, so that the operating forceps can be limited on the spinous processes. The vertebra operation instrument provided by the embodiment of the invention can be operated by one hand, the safety, accuracy and efficiency of an operation can be improved, the operation risk and complications are reduced, and the operation efficiency and effect are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to a vertebral surgical instrument. Background Art

[0002] In the development process of modern medicine, thoracic spinal stenosis has gradually become one of the diseases that have attracted much attention. Thoracic spinal stenosis is a disease in which various lesions within the thoracic spinal canal lead to a reduction in the effective volume of the spinal canal, thereby compressing the spinal cord or nerve roots and causing a series of clinical symptoms. Its causes are diverse, including thoracic intervertebral disc herniation, ligamentum flavum hypertrophy and calcification, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, osteophyte formation on the posterior edge of the thoracic vertebra, etc.

[0003] With the aggravation of population aging and the change of people's lifestyles, the incidence of thoracic spinal stenosis shows an upward trend. Patients often present with symptoms such as lower limb weakness, numbness, unsteady walking, and dysuria, which seriously affect the quality of life. For patients with severe symptoms and ineffective conservative treatment, posterior thoracic wall resection and spinal canal decompression surgery has become an important treatment option.

[0004] Posterior thoracic wall resection and spinal canal decompression surgery is a complex and delicate surgical procedure aimed at removing the diseased tissue compressing the spinal cord, expanding the volume of the spinal canal, and restoring the normal function of the spinal cord. During the operation, accurately and safely lifting the lamina is a crucial step. However, the currently used lamina lifting tools face many challenges in practical applications.

[0005] In traditional surgical procedures, a single-handed operation towel clip is often used for related operations. However, this towel clip has obvious defects. Due to its design limitations, it is difficult to provide sufficient holding stability during single-handed operation. During the operation, the doctor needs to perform delicate operations within a limited and complex surgical area, and may cause the towel clip to easily slip off due to factors such as the slipperiness of the lamina spinous process, fatigue, or external force interference.

[0006] In addition, the structure and function of the towel clip cannot well adapt to various requirements during the operation. When lifting the lamina, it cannot provide a uniform and stable force distribution, thus affecting the stability and accuracy of the operation. And unstable operation may lead to unnecessary damage to surrounding tissues, increasing the risk of surgery and the occurrence rate of complications. For patients, this may mean a longer recovery time, more pain, and potential health risks.

[0007] At the same time, due to the deficiencies of the towel clip, the doctor needs to spend more energy and time to control the tool during the operation, which not only increases the operation difficulty of the doctor, but also may affect the efficiency and effect of the surgery. Summary of the Invention

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vertebral surgical instrument that can be operated with one hand and can improve the safety, accuracy, and efficiency of surgery, reduce surgical risks and complications, and enhance the surgical efficiency and effect.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vertebral surgical instrument, which is characterized by comprising:

[0010] A drilling module, including a drilling machine, a transmission mechanism installed on the drilling machine, and a drill bit assembly connected to the transmission mechanism. When the drilling machine operates, it drives the transmission mechanism to drive the drill bit assembly to simultaneously open two through holes on the spinous process of the vertebra.

[0011] An operating forceps, including two hinged forceps handles and two sets of clamping components provided on the two forceps handles. The two sets of clamping components respectively pass through the corresponding through holes, and then clamp and fix the spinous process on the vertebra through the through holes, so that the operating forceps can be limited on the spinous process.

[0012] In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism includes an input shaft connected to the drilling machine and a transmission wheel assembly connected to the input shaft, and the drill bit assembly is connected to the transmission wheel assembly.

[0013] In some embodiments, the transmission wheel assembly includes a first gear connected to the input shaft and a second gear meshing with the first gear. The drill bit assembly includes a first drill bit and a second drill bit. The first drill bit is connected to the first gear, and the second drill bit is connected to the second gear.

[0014] In some embodiments, the transmission wheel assembly further includes a third gear meshing with the first gear and the second gear, and the second gear realizes meshing with the first gear through the third gear.

[0015] In some embodiments, the drilling module further includes an outer housing. The transmission mechanism is located inside the outer housing, and its output end extends out of the outer housing. One end of the input shaft is located inside the outer housing, and the other end is located outside the outer housing.

[0016] In some embodiments, the outer housing includes a housing with one end open and a cover plate detachably covering the open end of the housing. The transmission wheel assembly in the transmission mechanism is rotatably installed inside the housing. One end of the input shaft passes through the cover plate and extends into the housing and is connected to the transmission wheel assembly. The output end of the transmission wheel assembly extends out of the housing and is connected to the drill bit assembly.

[0017] In some embodiments, the drill bit assembly has a drill bit and a lock nut, and the drill bit is detachably connected to the output end of the transmission wheel assembly through the lock nut.

[0018] In some embodiments, the drill bit is threadedly connected to the output end of the transmission wheel assembly through the lock cap, and an anti - detachment structure is further provided between the lock cap and the output end for locking the lock cap and the output end to prevent them from slipping off each other.

[0019] In some embodiments, the two pliers handles are cross - hinged, a clamping assembly is provided at the first ends of the two pliers handles in the same direction, and a limiting assembly is provided at the second ends of the two pliers handles.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first ends of the two pliers handles are arc - shaped in cooperation, and the clamping assembly includes two sets of concave - convex mating structures respectively arranged on the first ends of the two pliers handles. When the first ends of the two pliers handles rotate closer, the concave - convex mating structures can cooperate to pass through the corresponding through - holes and be inserted into each other:

[0021] The limiting assembly includes a first locking member and a second locking member respectively arranged at the second ends of the two pliers handles. A plurality of teeth are respectively provided on the first locking member and the second locking member, and two teeth corresponding in position on the two second ends can be clamped together, thereby fixing the relative positions of the two pliers handles.

[0022] Based on the disclosure of the above - mentioned embodiments, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application include that by providing a drilling module capable of simultaneously opening two through - holes and an operating pliers capable of simultaneously passing through the two through - holes to clamp the vertebral spinous process, it can be ensured that when medical staff perform surgical operations with a vertebral surgical instrument in one hand, the instrument can firmly hold the lamina, and it is not easy to drop off. It provides a stable and reliable lifting action for the operation, enabling medical staff to more precisely control the lifting force and angle to adapt to the thoracic spine structures and lesion conditions of different patients, achieving precise spinal canal decompression, simplifying the operation steps, reducing the risk of accidental injury to the surrounding nerves, blood vessels and tissues caused by unstable instruments or inaccurate operations, improving the safety of the operation, reducing the time waste caused by inconvenient instrument operation, accelerating the operation process, shortening the operation time of the patient and the risk of anesthesia exposure. At the same time, the overall structure of the surgical instrument in this embodiment is designed to be small and flexible, facilitating operation in the limited space of minimally invasive surgery, promoting the development of thoracic posterior wall resection spinal canal decompression towards minimally invasive surgery. In addition, by using materials and structures that are easy to clean, disinfect and maintain, it can also assist in ensuring the hygiene and service life of the instrument and reducing medical costs.

[0023] In addition, the overall structure of the operating forceps in this embodiment conforms to ergonomics, which can effectively reduce the fatigue of the doctor's hand and enable the doctor to maintain a good operating state during long-term surgeries. Moreover, the operating forceps can be adapted to the thoracic vertebra structural differences of different patients and complex pathological conditions, increasing the scope of application of the surgery. During the surgery, medical staff can drill the spinous process in advance and then firmly clamp and fix the spinous process using the operating forceps, thereby effectively assisting the medical staff to complete the surgical operation more quickly.

[0024] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the subsequent description. Moreover, some of them will become obvious from the description or be understood by implementing the present application. The objectives and other advantages of the present application can be achieved and obtained through the structures specifically pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0025] The technical solution of the present application will be further described in detail below through the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vertebral surgical instrument in the application embodiment.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic structural diagram of the vertebral surgical instrument in the application embodiment.

[0029] Figure 3 It is another partial schematic structural diagram of the vertebral surgical instrument in the application embodiment.

[0030] Figure 4 It is an application schematic diagram of the vertebral surgical instrument in the application embodiment.

[0031] Reference Signs:

[0032] 1 - Transmission mechanism; 2 - Operating forceps; 3 - Input shaft; 4 - First gear; 5 - Second gear; 6 - First drill bit; 7 - Second drill bit; 8 - Third gear; 9 - Housing; 10 - Cover plate; 11 - Lock nut; 12 - Output end; 13 - Concave-convex mating structure; 14 - First locking member; 15 - Second locking member. Detailed Embodiments

[0033] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] It should be understood that various modifications can be made to the embodiments disclosed herein. Therefore, the following description should not be regarded as limiting, but merely as an example of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the general description of the present disclosure given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0036] These and other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred forms of the embodiments given by way of non - limiting examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] It should also be understood that although the present invention has been described with reference to some specific examples, those skilled in the art can surely implement many other equivalent forms of the present invention, which have the features as described in the claims and thus are all within the scope of protection defined thereby.

[0038] When combined with the accompanying drawings, the above - mentioned and other aspects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent in view of the following detailed description.

[0039] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the present disclosure and can be implemented in various ways. Well - known and / or repetitive functions and structures have not been described in detail to avoid obscuring the present disclosure with unnecessary or redundant details. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely as a basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to use the present disclosure in substantially any suitable detailed structure in a variety of ways.

[0040] This specification may use the phrases "in one embodiment", "in another embodiment", "in yet another embodiment", or "in other embodiments", each of which may refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to the present disclosure.

[0041] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a vertebral surgical instrument, including:

[0043] The drilling module includes a drilling machine, a transmission mechanism 1 installed on the drilling machine, and a drill bit assembly connected to the transmission mechanism 1. When the drilling machine operates, it drives the transmission mechanism 1 to drive the drill bit assembly to simultaneously open two through holes on the spinous process of the vertebra.

[0044] The operating forceps 2 includes two hinged forceps handles and two sets of clamping components provided on the two forceps handles. The two sets of clamping components respectively pass through the corresponding through holes, and then clamp and fix the spinous process on the vertebra through the through holes, so that the operating forceps 2 can be limited on the spinous process.

[0045] The vertebral surgical instrument in this embodiment can be applied to different types of vertebral surgeries. For example, in the operation of removing the posterior wall of the thoracic vertebra and decompressing the spinal canal, or in surgeries under the condition of different thoracic vertebra structures and complex lesions of other different patients. In this embodiment, the operation of removing the posterior wall of the thoracic vertebra and decompressing the spinal canal is taken as an example to illustrate the vertebral surgical instrument. The vertebral surgical instrument in this embodiment includes a drilling module and an operating forceps 2. The drilling module is used to simultaneously open two through holes on the spinal spinous process structure. The specific shape of the through hole is not fixed, it can be a round hole or a rectangular hole. For a round hole, a round hole drilling tool is used, and for a rectangular hole, a rectangular hole drilling tool is used. In addition, the number of opened holes is not fixed, it can be two or three, and it can be specifically determined according to the size of the spinous process. Generally, opening two through holes is sufficient. When performing the operation, medical staff can use the drilling module to simultaneously open two through holes on the spinous process, so that the operating forceps 2 can firmly and stably clamp and fix the spinous process through the two through holes. Then, medical staff can cut and separate the spinous process, use a dissector to peel the yellow membrane attached to the spinous process, and complete the entire operation of removing the spinous process. During the clamping process, medical staff can operate with one hand, that is, operate the square hole forceps with one hand to accurately and firmly clamp and fix the spinous process, which is convenient for medical staff to subsequently cut and separate the spinous process.

[0046] Based on the disclosure of the above embodiments, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application include that by providing a drilling module capable of simultaneously opening two through holes and an operating forceps 2 capable of passing through the two through holes simultaneously to clamp the vertebral spinous process, it can be ensured that when medical staff perform surgical operations with a vertebral surgical instrument in one hand, the instrument can firmly clamp the lamina and is not prone to slipping off, providing a stable and reliable lifting action for the surgery, enabling medical staff to more precisely control the lifting force and angle to adapt to the thoracic vertebra structures and lesion conditions of different patients, achieving precise spinal canal decompression, simplifying the operation steps, reducing the risk of accidental injury to surrounding nerves, blood vessels and tissues caused by unstable instruments or inaccurate operations, improving the safety of the surgery, reducing the time waste caused by inconvenient instrument operation, accelerating the surgical process, shortening the patient's surgical time and anesthesia exposure risk. At the same time, the overall structure of the surgical instrument in this embodiment is designed to be small and flexible, facilitating operation in the limited space of minimally invasive surgery, promoting the development of spinal canal decompression surgery for the resection of the posterior wall of the thoracic vertebra towards minimally invasive surgery. Additionally, by using materials and structures that are easy to clean, disinfect and maintain, it can also assist in ensuring the hygiene and service life of the instrument and reducing medical costs.

[0047] In one embodiment, the transmission mechanism 1 includes an input shaft 3 connected to the drilling machine and a transmission wheel assembly connected to the input shaft 3, and the drill bit assembly is connected to the transmission wheel assembly.

[0048] In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 1 achieves the effect of one driving multiple through the transmission wheel assembly, that is, based on one input shaft 3, the kinetic energy is transmitted to multiple drill bits, enabling multiple drill bits to obtain kinetic energy and perform drilling work.

[0049] The overall structure of the transmission wheel assembly is simple, easy to prepare and implement, can effectively reduce the complexity of the preparation process, and is flexibly arranged. It can be flexibly configured in terms of quantity according to needs, thereby adjusting the quantity of the kinetic energy output end 12, that is, adjusting the number of drill bits that can be simultaneously driven.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the transmission wheel assembly includes a first gear 4 connected to the input shaft 3 and a second gear 5 meshing with the first gear 4. The first gear 4 and the second gear 5 are arranged in parallel. The drill bit assembly includes a first drill bit 6 and a second drill bit 7. The first drill bit 6 is connected to the first gear 4, and the second drill bit 7 is connected to the second gear 5.

[0051] Of course, as the number of drill holes required increases, more drill bits can be provided, and more gears can be correspondingly arranged.

[0052] To ensure the effective transmission of kinetic energy and enable the first gear 4 and the second gear 5 to rotate synchronously and at the same speed, such as Figure 2As shown, the drive wheel assembly in this embodiment further includes a third gear 8 meshing with the first gear 4 and the second gear 5, and the second gear 5 is meshed with the first gear 4 through the third gear 8. The first gear 4, the second gear 5, and the third gear 8 can be gear discs or cylindrical gears, and the specific form is not unique. In this embodiment, cylindrical gears are preferably used to implement the structure of the drive wheel assembly.

[0053] Continuing with reference to Figure 2 As shown, the drilling module further includes an outer housing. The drive mechanism 1 is located inside the outer housing, and its output end 12 extends out of the outer housing. One end of the input shaft 3 is located inside the outer housing, and the other end is located outside the outer housing.

[0054] In this embodiment, the outer housing includes a housing 9 with one end open and a cover plate 10 detachably covering the open end of the housing 9. The cross-sectional dimension of the housing 9 in this embodiment is smaller than that of the cover plate 10. Of course, this configuration is not unique, and they can also be of the same size. All drive wheel assemblies in the drive mechanism 1 are rotatably arranged inside the housing 9. One end of the input shaft 3 passes through the cover plate 10 and extends into the housing 9 and is connected to the drive wheel assembly. The output end 12 of the drive wheel assembly extends out of the housing 9 and is connected to the drill bit assembly, such as being connected to the corresponding first drill bit 6 or second drill bit 7 in the drill bit assembly.

[0055] The first gear 4, the second gear 5, and the third gear 8 are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the housing 9 through a rotating shaft, and can also be rotatably connected to the cover plate 10 at the top at the same time. That is, both ends of the gear rotating shaft can be rotatably connected to the corresponding housing 9 and cover plate 10 respectively, or one end of the gear rotating shaft facing the bottom of the housing 9 can be rotatably connected to the housing 9, while the top end is in a suspended state, and the specific form is not fixed.

[0056] As Figure 2 shown, the drill bit assembly in this embodiment has a drill bit and a lock nut 11, and the drill bit is detachably connected to the output end 12 of the drive wheel assembly through the lock nut 11.

[0057] In one embodiment, the drill bit is threadedly connected to the output end 12 of the drive wheel assembly through the lock nut 11. That is, in this embodiment, the drill bit is threadedly connected to the output end 12 of the drive wheel assembly through the lock nut 11. Specifically, an external thread can be provided on the output end 12, and an internal thread can be correspondingly provided at the lock nut 11 to achieve the threaded connection. Alternatively, a snap connection can also be used between the lock nut 11 and the output end 12 of the drive wheel assembly, such as setting a snap structure that can cooperate and be clamped tightly to achieve the connection between the two.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, an anti - detachment structure is also cooperatively provided between the lock cap 11 and the output end 12 for locking the lock cap 11 and the output end 12 to prevent them from slipping off each other.

[0059] For example, in this embodiment, the connection between the lock cap 11 and the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly is a threaded connection. In this regard, in this embodiment, a limiting groove with a depth greater than that of the thread groove is provided at the end of the external thread provided on the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly, and an elastic protrusion is provided inside the lock cap 11. When the elastic protrusion rotates with the thread between the lock cap 11 and the output end 12 to a position opposite to the limiting groove, the elastic protrusion will no longer be pressed by the thread groove and will be elastically released. Then, the elastic protrusion can extend into the limiting groove to achieve locking and positioning, so that the connecting piece will not slip off and separate from the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly. The connection structure between the connecting piece and the output end 12 of the transmission wheel assembly is different, and the corresponding anti - detachment structure will also be different, which can be determined according to the actual situation specifically.

[0060] Continuing to combine Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the two pliers handles of the operating pliers 2 are cross - hinged, and the clamping assembly is cooperatively provided at the first ends of the two pliers handles in the same direction, and the limiting assembly is cooperatively provided at the second ends of the two pliers handles.

[0061] Specifically, the first ends of the two pliers handles are cooperatively arc - shaped. When the two first ends approach each other as the two pliers handles rotate, the two arc - shaped first ends can be stacked together cooperatively. The specific structure can refer to Figure 1. The clamping assembly includes two sets of concave - convex matching structures 13 respectively provided at the first ends of the two pliers handles. For example, it can be but is not limited to a first convex post and a second convex post with a long groove. When the first ends of the two pliers handles rotate and approach each other, the concave - convex matching structure 13 can pass through the corresponding through - holes and be inserted into each other, that is, the first convex post can be inserted into the long groove of the corresponding second convex post. The two sets of concave - convex matching structures 13 are spaced along the length direction of the pliers handle, and specifically correspond to the positions of the two through - holes provided on the spine.

[0062] The limiting assembly includes a first locking member 14 and a second locking member 15 respectively provided at the second ends of the two pliers handles. A plurality of teeth are respectively cooperatively provided on the first locking member 14 and the second locking member 15, and the two teeth corresponding to the same position on the two second ends can be clamped together, so that the relative positions of the two pliers handles are fixed.

[0063] For example, the first locking member 14 and the second locking member 15 are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the second ends of the two pliers handles. Both the first locking member 14 and the second locking member 15 are strip-shaped plates. When the two pliers handles approach each other, the two strip-shaped plates are correspondingly abutted. A plurality of teeth are respectively arranged in a matching manner on the two abutted surfaces, and the plurality of teeth are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the strip-shaped plate. As the second ends of the two pliers handles rotate and approach to different degrees, the first locking member 14 and the second locking member 15 can be clamped and fixed through the teeth at different positions.

[0064] Based on the above content, it can be seen that in this embodiment, by changing the structure of the pliers body, the convenience of surgical operation can be enhanced, the spinous process can be clamped and fixed more stably and firmly. Furthermore, through precise control, accidental damage to surrounding important tissues (such as nerves and blood vessels) can be reduced, and the risk of surgical complications can be lowered. At the same time, the surgical efficiency and surgical safety can be improved. Moreover, by clamping and fixing the target bone object and precisely lifting it, spinal canal decompression can be more effectively achieved, the symptoms of the patient can be improved, the treatment success rate can be increased, the postoperative rehabilitation time and treatment cost of the patient can be reduced, and the postoperative recovery of the patient can be accelerated.

[0065] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent replacements within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent replacements should also be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertebral surgical instrument, characterized in that: include: The drilling module comprises a drilling machine, a transmission mechanism installed on the drilling machine and a drill bit assembly connected to the transmission mechanism, wherein the drilling machine drives the transmission mechanism when in operation, so as to drive the drill bit assembly to simultaneously open two through holes on the spinous process of the vertebra; The operating forceps include two hinged forceps handles and two groups of clamping components arranged on the two forceps handles. The two groups of clamping components pass through the corresponding through holes respectively, and then clamp and fix the spinous process on the vertebra through the through holes, so that the operating forceps can be limited on the spinous process.

2. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism comprises an input shaft connected to the drilling machine and a transmission wheel assembly connected to the input shaft, and the drill bit assembly is connected to the transmission wheel assembly.

3. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission wheel assembly includes a first gear connected to the input shaft and a second gear meshed with the first gear. The drill bit assembly includes a first drill bit and a second drill bit. The first drill bit is connected to the first gear, and the second drill bit is connected to the second gear.

4. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission wheel assembly also includes a third gear meshing with the first gear and the second gear, and the second gear meshes with the first gear through the third gear.

5. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drilling module also includes an outer shell, the transmission mechanism is located inside the outer shell, and its output end extends out of the outer shell, one end of the input shaft is located inside the outer shell, and the other end is located outside the outer shell.

6. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer shell includes a shell with an open end and a cover plate detachably covered on the open end of the shell. The transmission wheel assemblies in the transmission mechanism are rotatably arranged in the shell. One end of the input shaft passes through the cover plate and extends into the shell and is connected to the transmission wheel assembly. The output end of the transmission wheel assembly extends out of the shell and is connected to the drill bit assembly.

7. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drill bit assembly comprises a drill bit and a locking cap, and the drill bit is detachably connected to the output end of the transmission wheel assembly through the locking cap.

8. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drill bit is threadedly connected to the output end of the transmission wheel assembly through the locking cap, and an anti-slip structure for locking the locking cap and the output end to prevent the two from slipping off is also provided between the locking cap and the output end.

9. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two clamp handles are cross-hinged, the first ends of the two clamp handles in the same direction are equipped with the clamping assembly, and the second ends of the two clamp handles are equipped with the limiting assembly.

10. The vertebral surgical instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first ends of the two clamp handles cooperate to form an arc shape, and the clamping assembly includes two groups of concave-convex matching structures respectively arranged on the first ends of the two clamp handles. When the first ends of the two clamp handles rotate close to each other, the concave-convex matching structures can cooperate to pass through the corresponding through holes and be plugged into each other: The limiting assembly includes a first locking member and a second locking member respectively arranged at the second ends of the two pliers handles, and the first locking member and the second locking member are respectively provided with a plurality of latching teeth, and the two latching teeth corresponding to the positions of the two second ends can cooperate and clamp, thereby fixing the relative positions of the two pliers handles.

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