Efficient punch forming device for axle carriage body metal plate forge piece for high-speed rail

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed rail accessories, in particular to an efficient punch forming device for axle carriage metal plate forgings for high-speed rails, the device comprises a placing plate, four fixing columns are fixedly connected to the bottom side of the placing plate, and a second electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the placing plate; the bottom end of the second electric cylinder is fixedly connected with a moving plate through a second pressure sensor, the upper side of the moving plate is fixedly connected with four telescopic rods, the four telescopic rods penetrate through the side wall of the placing plate and are fixedly connected with connecting plates, one ends of the four connecting plates are fixedly connected with pressing plates, and the other ends of the four connecting plates are fixedly connected with pressing plates. The upper side of the placing plate is fixedly connected with two vertical plates, and the upper ends of the two vertical plates are fixedly connected with a top plate. According to the method, the regulation and control coefficient is constructed, the punching speed and punching force of the punching head and the clamping force of the axle box forge piece can be dynamically adjusted, the forge piece is prevented from being damaged in the punching process of the axle box forge piece, and the punching quality of the axle box forge piece is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high - speed rail accessories, and particularly to an efficient stamping and forming device for forged metal plates of axle box bodies used in high - speed rails. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the global high - speed rail network and the rapid development of high - speed rail technology in China, higher requirements are put forward for the manufacturing accuracy and efficiency of high - speed rail vehicle parts. As one of the key components of high - speed rail vehicles, the manufacturing quality of the axle box body directly affects the safety and operation efficiency of high - speed rails.

[0003] Currently, in the processing of forged die parts of axle box bodies for high - speed rails, it is necessary to perform stamping and forming on the uneven forged metal plates of the axle box body to meet the flatness requirements of the forged metal plates of the axle box body.

[0004] When performing stamping and forming on the uneven forged plates of the axle box body, the existing stamping and forming devices have relatively simple functions and are not easy to adjust the stamping speed, stamping force of the stamping head, and clamping force of the forged parts of the axle box body. As a result, the forged parts are easily damaged during the stamping and forming process to make the forged parts of the axle box body flat, which affects the processing quality of the stamping and forming of the forged parts of the axle box body. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an efficient stamping and forming device for forged metal plates of axle box bodies used in high - speed rails to solve the problems raised in the above - mentioned background art.

[0006] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An efficient stamping and forming device for forged metal plates of axle box bodies used in high - speed rails includes a placement plate. Four fixed columns are fixedly connected to the bottom side of the placement plate. A second electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the placement plate. The bottom end of the second electric cylinder is fixedly connected to a moving plate through a second pressure sensor. Four telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the upper side of the moving plate. All four telescopic rods penetrate the side wall of the placement plate and are fixedly connected to a connecting plate. One end of each of the four connecting plates is fixedly connected to a pressing plate. Two vertical plates are fixedly connected to the upper side of the placement plate. The upper ends of the two vertical plates are fixedly connected to a top plate. A vertically arranged first electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the top plate. The bottom end of the first electric cylinder is fixedly connected to a fixed rod. The bottom end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected to a forged part of the axle box body through a first pressure sensor. An air - cooling device is provided on the side wall of the forged part of the axle box body; It further includes a stamping control mechanism for adjusting the stamping speed, stamping force of the stamping head, and clamping force of the forged parts of the axle box body; The stamping control mechanism includes a control module, a detection module, and a processing module; The control module is electrically connected to the second electric cylinder and the first electric cylinder by electrical signals; The detection module includes a flatness detection unit for detecting the flatness of the axle box forging, a clamping pressure detection unit for detecting the fixed clamping force of the axle box forging, a speed detection unit for detecting the stamping speed of the stamping head, and a stamping force detection unit for detecting the stamping force of the stamping head; The processing module includes an evaluation unit and a judgment unit.

[0007] Preferably, the air cooling device includes a fixed cylinder. Both sides of the fixed cylinder are fixedly connected with transverse plates, and the two transverse plates are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the two vertical plates. The fixed rod penetrates through the central bottom side wall of the fixed cylinder, and a blower plate is fixedly connected to the fixed rod. The blower plate is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder. The cross-section of the blower plate is the same as the cross-section of the inner cavity of the axle box forging. Four ventilation hoses are fixedly connected to the bottom side of the fixed cylinder. The bottom end of each ventilation hose is fixedly connected with an air outlet nozzle, and the four air outlet nozzles are fixedly connected around the stamping head. The axle box forging is arranged in an inverted frustum shape, and the outlets of the four air outlet nozzles are all arranged downward.

[0008] Preferably, the flatness detection unit includes a measurement cavity, which is opened inside the placement plate. A plurality of vertical holes are opened on the surface of the placement plate. The plurality of vertical holes are located directly below the stamping head, and the plurality of vertical holes are all communicated with the measurement cavity. The top end of each placement plate is fixedly connected with tempered glass which is transparent. A plurality of laser distance sensors are fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the measurement cavity. The plurality of laser distance sensors are located directly below the plurality of vertical holes one by one, and the plurality of laser distance sensors are at the same plane height; The method for the flatness detection unit to detect the flatness of the axle box forging is as follows: When the axle box forging is placed on the placement plate, the place where the axle box forging needs to be stamped is directly below the stamping head. The laser emitted by each laser distance sensor can pass through the corresponding vertical hole and tempered glass above it. Each laser distance sensor is used to detect the vertical distance from the laser distance sensor to the bottom surface of the axle box forging, and then collect the maximum distance value and the minimum distance value detected by the plurality of laser distance sensors. The flatness of the axle box forging = maximum distance value - minimum distance value. The smaller the flatness value of the axle box forging, the flatter the axle box forging.

[0009] Preferably, the clamping pressure detection unit is a first pressure sensor. When the second electric cylinder extends, it can drive the moving plate to descend through the second pressure sensor. When the moving plate descends, it can drive the four pressing plates to press down through the telescopic rod and the connecting plate, so that the four pressing plates are against the upper side of the axle box forging, and the axle box forging is pressed and fixed. At this time, the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor is the fixed clamping force of the axle box forging.

[0010] Preferably, the speed detection unit is a laser speed measurement sensor, which is fixedly connected to the inner bottom side wall of the fixed cylinder. The laser speed measurement sensor is used to detect the stamping speed of the stamping head by detecting the descending speed of the air blowing plate.

[0011] Preferably, the stamping force detection unit is a first pressure sensor. Each time the first electric cylinder expands and contracts, the maximum pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor is the stamping force of the stamping head.

[0012] Preferably, the placement plate is made of high-strength titanium alloy material.

[0013] Preferably, the specific usage steps of the device are as follows: First step, first place the axle box body forging on the placement plate. The place where the axle box body forging needs to be stamped is directly below the stamping head. Then control the second electric cylinder to extend. The second electric cylinder can drive the moving plate to descend through the second pressure sensor. The descent of the moving plate can drive the four pressing plates to press down through the telescopic rod and the connecting plate, so that the four pressing plates are against the upper side of the axle box body forging and press down and fix the axle box body forging. Second step, then control the first electric cylinder to extend. The first electric cylinder can drive the stamping head to descend through the fixed rod. Until the stamping head stamps on the axle box body forging, then contract the first electric cylinder. After that, repeat the expansion and contraction of the first electric cylinder to continuously stamp the axle box body forging, so that the axle box body forging is stamped. Third step, during the stamping process of the axle box body forging, the fixed clamping force of the axle box body forging, the stamping speed of the stamping head, and the stamping force of the stamping head are respectively detected by the clamping pressure detection unit, the speed detection unit, and the stamping force detection unit in the detection module, forming the fixed clamping force P, the stamping speed M, and the stamping force N, and transmitting them to the evaluation unit for evaluation. If at least one of them exceeds the corresponding first preset threshold, a judgment information is formed. Fourth step, summarize the obtained fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N to form detection condition information, construct a data model and optimize and train it. Perform regression analysis on the obtained fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N through the analysis software SPSS to obtain the influence of the fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N on the stamping quality of the axle box body forging, and output the fixed clamping force influence factor Ap, the stamping speed influence factor Am, and the stamping force influence factor An. Fifth step, the evaluation unit obtains the fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N, and performs dimensionless processing on them, and correlates to form a regulation coefficient CP. Its correlation model is:

[0014] Among them, Ap represents the influence factor of the fixed clamping force, where 0.13 ≤ Ap ≤ 0.43; Am represents the influence factor of the stamping speed, where 0.21 ≤ Am ≤ 0.56; An represents the influence factor of the stamping force, where 0.23 ≤ An ≤ 0.67; H represents the flatness detected by the flatness detection unit as 5. Step 6: Transmit the obtained regulation coefficient CP to the judgment unit for comparison with the preset second preset threshold. If the regulation coefficient CP is not within the range of the second preset threshold, a corresponding control instruction is formed to regulate the output pressure and speed of the first electric cylinder and the output pressure of the second electric cylinder. At the same time, continue to evaluate the regulation coefficient CP until the regulation coefficient CP is within the second preset threshold, thereby ensuring the stamping quality of the axle box body forging.

[0015] Preferably, when the fixing rod descends, the fixing rod can drive the air blowing plate to descend in the fixing cylinder. The descent of the air blowing plate can compress the air in the fixing cylinder, and the compressed air flow is ejected from the four air outlet nozzles through the four ventilation hoses. The ejected air flow can cool the stamping head and the axle box body forging below the stamping head.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By constructing a regulation coefficient, the present invention can dynamically adjust the stamping speed, stamping force of the stamping head, and clamping force of the axle box body forging, avoiding damage to the forging during the stamping process of the axle box body forging and ensuring the stamping quality of the axle box body forging; 2. During the stamping process of the axle box body forging, cooling the axle box body forging by air cooling can avoid thermal deformation or thermal stress of the axle box body forging, thereby affecting its shape and dimensional accuracy.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement it according to the content of the specification, the following takes the preferred embodiment of the present invention and combines with the attached drawings to elaborate in detail as follows. The specific implementation manner of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their attached drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, form a part of this application, and the schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an efficient stamping and forming device for a high-speed rail axle box body metal plate forging proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the surface structure of the placement plate proposed in the present invention; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram between the fixing cylinder and the stamping head proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front - view sectional structure diagram of an efficient stamping and forming device for a metal sheet forging of a high - speed rail axle box body proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front - view sectional structure diagram between the fixed cylinder and the stamping head proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged structure diagram of A in

[0019] In the attached drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows: 1. Top plate; 2. First electric cylinder; 3. Fixed rod; 4. Stamping head; 5. Axle box body forging; 6. Telescopic rod; 7. Moving plate; 8. Fixed column; 9. Second pressure sensor; 10. Second electric cylinder; 11. Connecting plate; 12. Pressing plate; 13. Vertical plate; 14. Horizontal plate; 15. Fixed cylinder; 16. Blowing plate; 17. Ventilation hose; 18. Air outlet nozzle; 19. First pressure sensor; 20. Laser ranging sensor; 21. Placing plate; 22. Laser speed measurement sensor; 23. Tempered glass; 24. Vertical hole; 25. Measuring cavity. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the attached drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following paragraphs, the present invention is described more specifically by way of example with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the attached drawings are in a very simplified form and use non - precise scales, only for the purpose of conveniently and clearly assisting in explaining the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , in an embodiment of the present invention, an efficient stamping and forming device for a metal sheet forging of a high - speed rail axle box body includes a placing plate 21. The placing plate 21 is made of high - strength titanium alloy material. Four fixed columns 8 are fixedly connected to the bottom side of the placing plate 21. A second electric cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the placing plate 21. The bottom end of the second electric cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to a moving plate 7 through a second pressure sensor 9. Four telescopic rods 6 are fixedly connected to the upper side of the moving plate 7. All four telescopic rods 6 penetrate through the side wall of the placing plate 21 and are fixedly connected to a connecting plate 11. One end of each of the four connecting plates 11 is fixedly connected to a pressing plate 12. Two vertical plates 13 are fixedly connected to the upper side of the placing plate 21. The upper ends of the two vertical plates 13 are fixedly connected to a top plate 1. A vertically arranged first electric cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the top plate 1. The bottom end of the first electric cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to a fixed rod 3. The bottom end of the fixed rod 3 is fixedly connected to an axle box body forging 5 through a first pressure sensor 19. An air - cooling device is provided on the side wall of the axle box body forging 5; Specifically, the air-cooling device includes a fixed cylinder 15. Both sides of the fixed cylinder 15 are fixedly connected with cross plates 14. The two cross plates 14 are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the two vertical plates 13. The fixed rod 3 penetrates through the central bottom side wall of the fixed cylinder 15. A blower plate 16 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 3. The blower plate 16 is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder 15. The cross-section of the blower plate 16 is the same as the cross-section of the inner cavity of the axle box forging 5. Four ventilation hoses 17 are fixedly connected to the bottom side of the fixed cylinder 15. The bottom end of each ventilation hose 17 is fixedly connected with an air outlet nozzle 18. The four air outlet nozzles 18 are fixedly connected around the punch head 4. The axle box forging 5 is arranged in an inverted frustum shape. The outlets of the four air outlet nozzles 18 are all downward. When the fixed rod 3 descends, the fixed rod 3 can drive the blower plate 16 to descend inside the fixed cylinder 15. The descent of the blower plate 16 can compress the air inside the fixed cylinder 15. The compressed air flow is ejected from the four air outlet nozzles 18 through the four ventilation hoses 17. The ejected air flow can air-cool the punch head 4 and the axle box forging 5 below the punch head 4. During the stamping process of the axle box forging, since the metal is impacted and extruded by external forces, certain heat will be generated. Air-cooling can prevent the axle box forging from undergoing thermal deformation or thermal stress, thereby affecting its shape and dimensional accuracy.

[0022] The present invention further includes a stamping control mechanism, which is used to adjust the stamping speed, stamping force of the punch head, and clamping force of the axle box forging; The stamping control mechanism includes a control module, a detection module, and a processing module; The control module is electrically connected to the second electric cylinder 10 and the first electric cylinder 2 by electrical signals; The processing module includes an evaluation unit and a judgment unit; The detection module includes a flatness detection unit for detecting the flatness of the axle box forging 5, a clamping pressure detection unit for detecting the fixed clamping force of the axle box forging 5, a speed detection unit for detecting the stamping speed of the punch head 4, and a stamping force detection unit for detecting the stamping force of the punch head 4; Among them, the flatness detection unit includes a measurement cavity 25, which is opened inside the placement plate 21. A plurality of vertical holes 24 are opened on the surface of the placement plate 21. The plurality of vertical holes 24 are located directly below the punch head 4. The plurality of vertical holes 24 are all communicated with the measurement cavity 25. The top end of each placement plate 21 is fixedly connected with a tempered glass 23 that is transparent. The upper side of the tempered glass 23 is flush with the surface of the placement plate 21. A plurality of laser distance sensors 20 are fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the measurement cavity 25. The plurality of laser distance sensors 20 are respectively located directly below the plurality of vertical holes 24. The plurality of laser distance sensors 20 are at the same plane height; The method for the flatness detection unit to detect the flatness of the axle box body forging 5 is as follows: When the axle box body forging 5 is placed on the placement plate 21, the place where the axle box body forging 5 needs to be stamped is directly below the stamping head 4. The laser emitted by multiple laser distance sensors 20 can pass through the corresponding vertical holes 24 and tempered glass 23 above it. Each laser distance sensor 20 is used to detect the vertical distance from the laser distance sensor 20 to the bottom surface of the axle box body forging 5, and then collect the maximum distance value and the minimum distance value detected by the multiple laser distance sensors 20. The flatness of the axle box body forging 5 = maximum distance value - minimum distance value. The smaller the flatness value of the axle box body forging 5, the flatter the axle box body forging 5; The clamping pressure detection unit is the first pressure sensor 19. When the second electric cylinder 10 extends, it can drive the moving plate 7 to descend through the second pressure sensor 9. When the moving plate 7 descends, it can drive the four pressing plates 12 to press down through the telescopic rod 6 and the connecting plate 11, so that the four pressing plates 12 abut against the upper side of the axle box body forging 5, and the axle box body forging 5 is pressed and fixed. At this time, the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor 9 is the fixed clamping force of the axle box body forging 5; The speed detection unit is the laser speed measurement sensor 22. The laser speed measurement sensor 22 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom side wall of the fixed cylinder 15. The laser speed measurement sensor 22 is used to detect the descending speed of the stamping head 4 by detecting the descending speed of the air blowing plate 16. The air blowing plate 16 will not collide with the laser speed measurement sensor 22 when descending.

[0023] The stamping force detection unit is the first pressure sensor 19. Each time the first electric cylinder 2 expands and contracts, the maximum pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor 19 is the stamping force of the stamping head 4.

[0024] The specific usage steps of this device are as follows: In the first step, first place the axle box body forging 5 on the placement plate 21. The place where the axle box body forging 5 needs to be stamped is directly below the stamping head 4. Then control the second electric cylinder 10 to extend. The second electric cylinder 10 can drive the moving plate 7 to descend through the second pressure sensor 9. When the moving plate 7 descends, it can drive the four pressing plates 12 to press down through the telescopic rod 6 and the connecting plate 11, so that the four pressing plates 12 abut against the upper side of the axle box body forging 5, and the axle box body forging 5 is pressed and fixed; In the second step, then control the first electric cylinder 2 to extend. The first electric cylinder 2 can drive the stamping head 4 to descend through the fixed rod 3. Until the stamping head 4 stamps on the axle box body forging 5, then contract the first electric cylinder 2, and then repeat the expansion and contraction of the first electric cylinder 2, so that the axle box body forging 5 can be continuously stamped; In the third step, during the stamping process of the axle box body forging 5, the fixed clamping force, stamping speed of the stamping head 4, and stamping force of the stamping head 4 of the axle box body forging 5 are respectively detected by the clamping pressure detection unit, speed detection unit, and stamping force detection unit in the detection module, forming a fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N, and transmitting them to the evaluation unit for evaluation. If at least one of them exceeds the corresponding first preset threshold, judgment information is formed. In the fourth step, the obtained fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N are summarized to form detection condition information, a data model is constructed and optimized and trained. Through the analysis software SPSS, regression analysis is performed on the obtained fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N to obtain the influence of the fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N on the stamping quality of the axle box body forging 5, and the fixed clamping force influence factor Ap, stamping speed influence factor Am, and stamping force influence factor An are output. In the fifth step, the evaluation unit obtains the fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N, and performs dimensionless processing on them, and associates them to form a regulation coefficient CP. Its association model is:

[0025] Among them, Ap represents the fixed clamping force influence factor, 0.13 ≤ Ap ≤ 0.43; Am represents the stamping speed influence factor, 0.21 ≤ Am ≤ 0.56; An represents the stamping force influence factor, 0.23 ≤ An ≤ 0.67; H represents the flatness of the axle box body forging 5 detected by the flatness detection unit. In the sixth step, the obtained regulation coefficient CP is transmitted to the judgment unit for comparison with the preset second preset threshold. If the regulation coefficient CP is not within the range of the second preset threshold, corresponding control instructions are formed to regulate the output pressure and speed of the first electric cylinder 2 and the output pressure of the second electric cylinder 10, and at the same time, the regulation coefficient CP is continuously evaluated until the regulation coefficient CP is within the second preset threshold, thereby ensuring the stamping quality of the axle box body forging 5.

[0026] Accuracy test of the association model: Obtain 200 axle box body forgings stamped and formed under the parameters of different clamping forces P, stamping speeds M, stamping forces N, and flatnesses H. Input their parameters into the association model, and analyze and compare the obtained results with the results detected by the profilometer. The results are as follows in the table As can be seen from the above table, the accuracy of analyzing the qualification of the axle box body forging by the correlation model is basically the same as the inspection result of the profiler. Because in the regulation coefficient CP, four parameters, namely the fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, stamping pressure N, and flatness H, which have a significant impact on the stamping quality of the axle box body forging, are uniquely selected, the analysis of the stamping quality of the axle box body forging can be accurately improved.

[0027] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention according to the illustrations in the specification and the above description. However, any equivalent changes such as slight modifications, decorations, and evolutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications, and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency stamping forming device for axle box metal sheet forgings for high-speed railways, comprising a placement plate (21), characterized in that: Four fixing columns (8) are fixedly connected to the bottom side of the placement plate (21); a second electric cylinder (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the placement plate (21); the bottom end of the second electric cylinder (10) is fixedly connected to the moving plate (7) via a second pressure sensor (9); four telescopic rods (6) are fixedly connected to the upper side of the moving plate (7); the four telescopic rods (6) all pass through the side wall of the placement plate (21) and are fixedly connected to a connecting plate (11); one end of the four connecting plates (11) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (11); A pressure plate (12) is connected, the upper side of the placement plate (21) is fixedly connected to two vertical plates (13), the upper ends of the two vertical plates (13) are fixedly connected to a top plate (1), the bottom side wall of the top plate (1) is fixedly connected to a vertically arranged first electric cylinder (2), the bottom end of the first electric cylinder (2) is fixedly connected to a fixing rod (3), the bottom end of the fixing rod (3) is fixedly connected to an axle box forging (5) via a first pressure sensor (19), and an air cooling device is provided on the side wall of the axle box forging (5); It also includes a stamping control mechanism, which is used to adjust the stamping speed, stamping intensity of the stamping head and the clamping force of the shaft box forging; The stamping control mechanism includes a control module, a detection module, and a processing module; The control module is connected to the second electric cylinder (10) and the first electric cylinder (2) via electrical signals; The detection module comprises a flatness detection unit for detecting the flatness of the shaft body forging (5), a clamping pressure detection unit for detecting the fixing clamping force of the shaft body forging (5), a speed detection unit for detecting the punching speed of the punch head (4), and a punching force detection unit for detecting the punching force of the punch head (4); The processing module includes an evaluation unit and a judgment unit.

2. The high-efficiency stamping forming device for axle box metal sheet forgings for high-speed railways according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air cooling device comprises a fixed cylinder (15), both sides of which are fixedly connected with horizontal plates (14), the two horizontal plates (14) being fixedly connected to the side walls of the two vertical plates (13), the fixed rod (3) penetrating the central bottom side wall of the fixed cylinder (15), the fixed rod (3) being fixedly connected with a blast plate (16), the blast plate (16) being slidably connected in the fixed cylinder (15), the cross section of the blast plate (16) being the same as the cross section of the inner cavity of the shaft box forging (5), the bottom side of the fixed cylinder (15) being fixedly connected with four ventilation hoses (17), the bottom end of each ventilation hose (17) being fixedly connected with an air outlet nozzle (18), the four air outlet nozzles (18) being fixedly connected to the four sides of the punching head (4), the shaft box forging (5) being arranged in an inverted truncated cone shape, and the outlets of the four air outlet nozzles (18) being arranged downward.

3. The high-efficiency stamping forming device for axle box metal sheet forgings for high-speed railways according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The flatness detection unit comprises a measuring cavity (25), the measuring cavity (25) being opened inside a placement plate (21), a plurality of vertical holes (24) being opened on a surface of the placement plate (21), the plurality of vertical holes (24) being located directly below the punch head (4), the plurality of vertical holes (24) being connected to the measuring cavity (25), a transparent tempered glass (23) being fixedly connected to the top of each placement plate (21), a plurality of laser distance measuring sensors (20) being fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the measuring cavity (25), the plurality of laser distance measuring sensors (20) being located directly below the plurality of vertical holes (24) in a one-to-one correspondence, and the plurality of laser distance measuring sensors (20) being located at the same plane height; The flatness detection unit detects the flatness of the shaft box forging (5) as follows: when the shaft box forging (5) is placed on the placement plate (21), the location of the shaft box forging (5) that needs to be punched is located directly below the punch head (4), and the lasers emitted by the multiple laser distance measuring sensors (20) can all pass through the corresponding vertical holes (24) and the tempered glass (23) above them. Each laser distance measuring sensor (20) is used to detect the vertical distance from the laser distance measuring sensor (20) to the bottom surface of the shaft box forging (5), and then collect the maximum distance value and the minimum distance value detected by the multiple laser distance measuring sensors (20). The flatness of the shaft box forging (5) = the maximum distance value - the minimum distance value. The smaller the flatness value of the shaft box forging (5), the flatter the shaft box forging (5).

4. The high-efficiency stamping forming device for axle box metal sheet forgings for high-speed railways according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The clamping pressure detection unit is a first pressure sensor (19). The extension of the second electric cylinder (10) can drive the movable plate (7) to descend through the second pressure sensor (9). The descent of the movable plate (7) can drive the four pressing plates (12) to press down through the telescopic rod (6) and the connecting plate (11), so that the four pressing plates (12) are pressed against the upper side of the shaft box forging (5), pressing the shaft box forging (5) downward and fixing it. At this time, the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor (9) is the fixing clamping force of the shaft box forging (5).

5. The high-efficiency stamping forming device for axle box metal sheet forgings for high-speed railways according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The speed detection unit is a laser speed sensor (22), the laser speed sensor (22) being fixedly connected to the inner bottom side wall of the fixed cylinder (15), and the laser speed sensor (22) being used to detect the descending stamping speed of the punch head (4) by detecting the descending speed of the blast plate (16).

6. The high-efficiency stamping forming device for axle box metal sheet forgings for high-speed railways according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The punching force detection unit is a first pressure sensor (19). Each time the first electric cylinder (2) is extended or retracted, the maximum pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor (19) is the punching force of the punch head (4).

7. The high-efficiency stamping forming device for axle box metal sheet forgings for high-speed railways according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The placement plate (21) is made of high-strength titanium alloy.

8. The high-efficiency stamping forming device for axle box metal sheet forgings for high-speed railways according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The specific steps of using the device are: In the first step, the shaft box forging (5) is placed on the placement plate (21), and the location of the shaft box forging (5) to be punched is located directly below the punch head (4). Then, the second electric cylinder (10) is controlled to extend, and the second electric cylinder (10) can drive the movable plate (7) to descend through the second pressure sensor (9). The descent of the movable plate (7) can drive the four pressing plates (12) to press down through the telescopic rod (6) and the connecting plate (11), so that the four pressing plates (12) are against the upper side of the shaft box forging (5), and the shaft box forging (5) is pressed down and fixed; In the second step, the first electric cylinder (2) is controlled to extend, and the first electric cylinder (2) can drive the punch head (4) to descend through the fixed rod (3), until the punch head (4) punches the shaft box forging (5), and then the first electric cylinder (2) is retracted, and then the first electric cylinder (2) is repeatedly extended and retracted, so that the shaft box forging (5) can be continuously punched, so that the shaft box forging (5) is punched; In the third step, during the stamping process of the shaft body forging (5), the clamping pressure detection unit, the speed detection unit and the stamping force detection unit in the detection module respectively detect the fixed clamping force of the shaft body forging (5), the stamping speed of the stamping head (4), and the stamping force of the stamping head (4), thereby forming a fixed clamping force P, a stamping speed M, and a stamping force N, which are transmitted to the evaluation unit for evaluation. If at least one of them exceeds the corresponding first preset threshold value, judgment information is formed; The fourth step is to summarize the obtained fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N to form the detection condition information, build a data model and optimize the training, and use the analysis software SPSS to perform regression analysis on the obtained fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N to obtain the influence of the fixed clamping force P, stamping speed M, and stamping force N on the stamping quality of the shaft box forging (5), and output the fixed clamping force influence factor Ap, stamping speed influence factor Am, and stamping force influence factor An; In the fifth step, the evaluation unit obtains the fixed clamping force P, the punching speed M, and the punching force N, and performs dimensionless processing on them, and associates them to form the control coefficient CP. The association model is: Wherein, Ap represents the influence factor of the fixed clamping force, 0.13≤Ap≤0.43; Am represents the influence factor of the punching speed, 0.21≤Am≤0.56; An represents the influence factor of the punching force, 0.23≤An≤0.67; H represents the flatness of the shaft body forging (5) detected by the flatness detection unit; In the sixth step, the acquired control coefficient CP is transmitted to the judgment unit for comparison with a preset second preset threshold value. If the control coefficient CP is not within the range of the second preset threshold value, a corresponding control instruction is generated to control the output pressure and speed of the first electric cylinder (2) and the output pressure of the second electric cylinder (10), and the control coefficient CP is continuously evaluated until the control coefficient CP is within the second preset threshold value, thereby ensuring the stamping quality of the axle box forging (5).

9. The high-efficiency stamping forming device for axle box metal sheet forgings for high-speed railways according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the fixed rod (3) descends, the fixed rod (3) can drive the blast plate (16) to descend in the fixed cylinder (15). The blast plate (16) descends to compress the air in the fixed cylinder (15). The compressed airflow is ejected from four air outlet nozzles (18) through four ventilation hoses (17). The ejected airflow can cool the punch head (4) and the shaft box forging (5) below the punch head (4).

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