A laser cutting device with a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism

Abstract

This application relates to a laser cutting device with a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism, belonging to the technical field of laser cutting equipment. It includes a worktable, a mounting frame movably mounted on the worktable, and a moving assembly that drives the mounting frame to move in the X, Y, and Z directions. A laser cutting head is mounted on the mounting frame, facing the worktable. The worktable is equipped with a support assembly for supporting and fixing a wedge-shaped steel plate, a detection assembly for calculating the thickness of the wedge-shaped steel plate, and a balancing assembly for damping the laser cutting head. This application improves the cutting quality of the wedge-shaped steel plate and reduces damage caused by collisions with the laser cutting head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and in particular to a laser cutting equipment with a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting equipment uses a laser emitted from a laser source to focus a high-power-density laser beam through an optical path system. The laser beam irradiates the surface of the workpiece, causing the workpiece to reach its melting or boiling point. At the same time, high-pressure gas coaxial with the beam blows away the molten or vaporized metal, achieving precise and rapid cutting.

[0003] Common laser cutting equipment includes an operating platform, a vision mechanism, a laser cutting head, a drive assembly that moves the laser cutting head along three axes, and a capacitive sensor fixed to the laser cutting head. When cutting irregular metal sheets, such as wedge-shaped steel plates used to adjust the levelness of the bottom of a bridge, technicians first place the wedge-shaped steel plate on the operating platform and collect its contour data through the vision mechanism. Then, image processing algorithms are used to accurately identify and locate the wedge-shaped steel plate and plan the laser cutting path. Simultaneously, the cutting parameters are adjusted according to changes in the path to maintain consistency in cutting different thicknesses of the wedge-shaped steel plate. During cutting, the capacitive sensor detects the distance between the laser cutting head and the surface of the wedge-shaped steel plate, ensuring that the distance between the laser cutting head and the surface of the wedge-shaped steel plate remains consistent, and corrects the contour data of the wedge-shaped steel plate. Meanwhile, a Chinese patent document with publication number CN110666365B discloses a plate laser cutting device including a crossbeam, an operating platform, a laser, a longitudinal beam, and a plate fixing structure. The plate fixing structure includes a base rod, a limiting block, a support structure, and a connecting rod. The limiting block is movably connected to the outside of the base rod, and the support structure is vertically installed on the upper end of the base rod and welded together. The base rods are connected to each other by connecting rods. The plate can be placed on the support structure, and its lateral movement is restricted by the limiting block, so that the plate is horizontally fixed on the support structure. Then the laser cuts the plate.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, during cutting, the wedge-shaped steel plate is horizontally placed on the operating platform, and the laser beam is not perpendicular to the surface of the wedge-shaped steel plate. This easily leads to uneven energy distribution of the laser beam, resulting in problems such as rough cut surfaces, slag residue, and burrs. Due to ambient light and reflection from the surface of the wedge-shaped steel plate, the accuracy of the vision mechanism in acquiring the contour data of the wedge-shaped steel plate is easily affected, causing the cutting path parameters to mismatch with the actual contour of the wedge-shaped steel plate. When the capacitive sensor malfunctions after long-term use, it is easy for the laser cutting head to collide with the wedge-shaped steel plate. Since the surface of the wedge-shaped steel plate is inclined, it is easy to cause further damage to the laser cutting head. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the cutting quality of wedge steel plates and reduce the damage caused by laser cutting head collision, this application provides a laser cutting device with a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism.

[0006] The laser cutting equipment with a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A laser cutting device with a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism includes a worktable, a mounting frame movably mounted on the worktable, and a moving component that drives the mounting frame to move in the X, Y, and Z directions. A laser cutting head is mounted on the mounting frame and is positioned facing the worktable. The worktable is provided with a support component for supporting and fixing a wedge-shaped steel plate, a detection component for calculating the thickness of the wedge-shaped steel plate, and a balancing component for reducing vibration of the laser cutting head.

[0008] The support assembly includes a grid plate that is lifted and mounted on the workbench. The grid plate includes multiple support plates and a stop plate. The multiple support plates and the stop plate are spaced apart along the length of the workbench. The stop plate is located on the horizontal side of the multiple support plates. The stop plate and the adjacent support plates are arranged in a stepped manner. When a wedge-shaped steel plate is placed on the grid plate, the inclined side of the wedge-shaped steel plate is in contact with the top wall of the support plate, and the large end of the wedge-shaped steel plate is movably in contact with the side wall of the stop plate. The workbench is provided with a drive unit that drives the grid plate to lift and lower synchronously in a stepped manner.

[0009] The detection component includes two photoelectric sensors mounted on the mounting frame. The two photoelectric sensors are arranged at intervals and are aligned with the arrangement direction of the grid plate. A control module is provided on the workbench. The photoelectric sensors, driving components, and moving components are all electrically connected to the control module.

[0010] When cutting a wedge-shaped steel plate, the technician places the wedge-shaped steel plate on the grating plate. At this time, the side walls of the multiple support plates and the wedge-shaped steel plate are aligned, so that the inclined side of the wedge-shaped steel plate is in contact with the top wall of the support plate, and the large end of the wedge-shaped steel plate is in contact with the side wall of the abutment plate. This is the initial position of the grating plate.

[0011] Then the technicians started the equipment, and the control module drove the moving component to work, moving the mounting frame to the top of the wedge-shaped steel plate until the two photoelectric sensors corresponded to the wedge-shaped steel plate at the same time and measured the distance from the laser cutting head to the side wall of the wedge-shaped steel plate away from the grid plate. At this time, the side wall of the wedge-shaped steel plate away from the grid plate was tilted, and the measurement values ​​of the two photoelectric sensors were inconsistent.

[0012] Then the control module controls the drive unit to work, causing the grating plate steps to rise synchronously, causing the wedge steel plate to rotate relative to the worktable until the measurement values ​​of the two photoelectric sensors are consistent. At this time, the side wall of the wedge steel plate away from the grating plate is in a horizontal state, and the large end of the wedge steel plate is always in close contact with the side wall of the abutment plate, thus supporting the wedge steel plate. At the same time, the photoelectric sensor transmits an electrical signal to the control module, and then the control module controls the drive unit to stop working.

[0013] Then, the control module calculates the tilt angle of the support plate by measuring the stroke of the drive component, thus obtaining the tilt angle of the tilted side of the wedge steel plate. At the same time, by measuring the value of the photoelectric sensor and the distance from the laser cutting head to the worktable, the distance from the side wall of the wedge steel plate away from the grating plate to the worktable is calculated, thus obtaining the thickness of the wedge steel plate at various positions. Then, the control module plans the cutting path and adjusts the cutting parameters when cutting different thickness positions of the wedge steel plate.

[0014] The above method enables the adjustment of wedge steel plates of different sizes and specifications, then the thickness of the wedge steel plates is measured and calculated, and the cutting path and cutting parameters are planned.

[0015] Then, the control module drives the moving component to move the mounting frame, causing the laser cutting head to move along the planned path and cut the wedge-shaped steel plate. At this time, the side wall of the wedge-shaped steel plate away from the grid plate is in a horizontal state. In the event of an accidental collision between the laser cutting head and the wedge-shaped steel plate, the damage to the laser cutting head caused by the wedge-shaped steel plate can be effectively reduced. Furthermore, the laser cutting head is perpendicular to the surface of the wedge-shaped steel plate, making the energy distribution of the laser beam and the surface of the wedge-shaped steel plate uniform, thus improving the cutting quality. At the same time, the balancing component reduces the impact of vibration generated during equipment operation on the laser cutting head, further improving the cutting quality.

[0016] Optionally, the workbench is provided with a fixed frame, the driving component includes guide columns disposed on opposite side walls of the grid plate, a driving plate is rotatably disposed on the fixed frame, the rotation axis of the driving plate is located on the side of the abutment plate away from the support plate, a guide groove is provided on the driving plate, the guide columns are movably located in the guide groove and are slidably adapted to the guide groove, the fixed frame is provided with a limiting structure to prevent relative rotation between the grid plate and the fixed frame and a power component to drive the driving plate to rotate, the power component is electrically connected to the control module.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the grating plate is driven to rise, the control module drives the power component to work, causing the drive plate to rotate, so that the guide column slides in the guide groove. At the same time, due to the setting of the limiting structure, the grating plate is not easy to rotate, so that the grating plate always remains in a vertical state, which facilitates the discharge of metal debris generated by laser cutting. It also realizes that the grating plate rises synchronously in a step-by-step manner from the direction close to the rotation axis of the drive plate to the direction away from the rotation axis of the drive plate, which improves the coordination of the synchronous rise of the grating plate and enhances the stability of the wedge steel plate support, until the side wall of the wedge steel plate away from the grating plate is in a horizontal state, which facilitates subsequent cutting.

[0018] When the drive grating plate descends, the power component drives the drive plate to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the grating plate to descend and move to its initial position, making it easier for the next cut.

[0019] Optionally, the driving component further includes a connecting rod rotatably mounted on the guide post. The end of the connecting rod away from the guide post extends obliquely downward to the side of the abutment plate near the support plate and is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed frame. A wind-cooling assembly for cooling with wedge-shaped steel plates is provided on the worktable.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the drive plate rotates, the connecting rod causes the guide post to slide in the guide groove and rotate around the rotation axis of the connecting rod away from the guide post. At this time, the angle of the connecting rod extending downwards decreases sequentially from the direction close to the rotation axis of the drive plate to the direction away from the rotation axis of the drive plate, so that the distance between two adjacent grid plates increases sequentially from the direction close to the rotation axis of the drive plate to the direction away from the rotation axis of the drive plate, and the density of the grid plate corresponding to the wedge steel plate increases sequentially from thin to thick. At this time, the grid plate can act as heat dissipation fins, so that the heat conduction performance of the grid plate corresponding to the wedge steel plate increases sequentially from thin to thick.

[0021] After cutting, the air-cooling assembly cools the wedge-shaped steel plate. Since the temperature of the wedge-shaped steel plate increases from thin to thick after cutting, the grating plates with different densities can reduce the temperature difference inside the wedge-shaped steel plate, thereby reducing the risk of stress deformation and cracking caused by temperature difference.

[0022] Optionally, the air-cooling assembly includes a suction hood disposed within the workbench, the suction hood being located at the bottom of the fixed frame, the suction hood being in contact with the adjacent side walls of the fixed frame, the suction hood being provided with a suction pipe, the end of the suction pipe away from the suction hood being connected to a suction pump, a collection box being provided between the suction hood and the suction pipe, and a filter screen being provided inside the collection box.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when cooling the wedge-shaped steel plate, the suction pump draws in air, thereby achieving air intake through the suction hood, which in turn enables the airflow at the wedge-shaped steel plate and cools it. At the same time, the installed grid plate acts as heat dissipation fins, improving cooling efficiency. Meanwhile, the suction hood adsorbs the metal debris generated during cutting, filters it through the filter screen, and causes the metal debris to fall into the collection box, achieving the collection and cleaning of metal debris and improving the cleanliness of the working environment.

[0024] Optionally, the balancing component includes a balancing block movably disposed within the mounting frame, a steel wire rope provided on the inner top wall of the mounting frame, the balancing block being connected to the steel wire rope, the laser cutting head being disposed on the balancing block, a counterweight being provided on the balancing block, the laser cutting head and the counterweight being arranged opposite to each other and corresponding to the two open ends of the mounting frame respectively;

[0025] The mounting frame is equipped with multiple dampers to keep the balance block balanced. Each damper includes a cylinder rotatably mounted on the inner side wall of the mounting frame. A piston rod is slidably mounted coaxially within the cylinder, with one end of the piston rod protruding from the cylinder and rotatably connected to the balance block. A piston block is mounted on the piston rod and slidably adapted to the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder. A high-viscosity damping medium is injected into the cylinder, and multiple flow-blocking holes are formed on the piston block to allow the damping medium to pass through.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the common center of gravity of the laser cutting head and the counterweight is balanced by the counterweight block, so that the counterweight block is in a balanced state when suspended in the installation frame by the steel wire rope.

[0027] When the equipment vibrates during operation, the mounting frame is prone to vibration, which in turn causes the cylinder to move. At this time, the piston rod slides relative to the cylinder, causing the piston block to slide within the cylinder. This creates a pressure difference on both sides of the piston block, allowing the damping medium to pass through the damping hole. This damping effect absorbs the energy generated by the equipment vibration, thus keeping the balance block in a constant relative position. This reduces the vibration of the laser cutting head and improves the cutting quality.

[0028] Optionally, the piston block is provided with a plurality of first adjustment holes and a plurality of second adjustment holes. The number of the plurality of first adjustment holes and the plurality of second adjustment holes are the same, and they are evenly distributed at staggered intervals along the circumference of the piston block. A first one-way valve and a second one-way valve are respectively provided in the first adjustment hole and the second adjustment hole. The opening and closing directions of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are opposite. Both the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve open when the set pressure is exceeded.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, when the laser cutting head experiences an accidental collision, the laser cutting head drives the balance block to move, thereby causing the piston rod to move and the piston block to slide within the cylinder. Due to the collision, the piston rod undergoes a large displacement, resulting in a large pressure difference on both sides of the piston block, reaching the opening pressure set by the first one-way valve / second one-way valve. At this point, the first one-way valve / second one-way valve opens, increasing the passage of the damping medium, thereby reducing the generated damping and making it less likely to obstruct the movement of the balance block. This allows the laser cutting head to deflect rapidly upon collision, thus reducing the damage to the laser cutting head caused by the collision.

[0030] Optionally, the protruding end of the piston rod is provided with a limit switch, which is movably fitted with the side wall of the cylinder that is close to it, and the limit switch is electrically connected to the control module.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, during cutting, the piston rod slides in the cylinder with the vibration of the mounting frame. When any limit switch moves with the piston rod to the side wall that is close to the cylinder, the sliding distance of the piston rod exceeds the displacement generated by normal vibration, indicating that the equipment is malfunctioning or the laser cutting head has been displaced too much due to collision. At this time, the limit switch transmits an electrical signal to the control module, and the control module drives the moving component to stop working, so as to avoid further damage to the laser cutting head.

[0032] Optionally, a mounting block is fixed on the balance block, and an insertion block is provided on the side wall of the laser cutting head near the mounting block. The mounting block has an insertion groove for the insertion block to be movably inserted into. The insertion block is movably fitted with the inner peripheral wall of the insertion groove. The cross-section of the insertion block is a circle with a notch. A clamping cover is threaded onto the mounting block. The clamping cover is coaxially arranged with the insertion block, and the clamping cover is movably clamped to the side walls of the insertion block that are close to each other.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, when disassembling the laser cutting head, the technician unscrews the clamping cover to separate the clamping cover from the mounting block, and then pulls out the laser cutting head to separate the insertion block from the insertion slot, thus removing the laser cutting head, which is convenient for the technician to disassemble.

[0034] When installing the laser cutting head, the technician aligns the connector block with the connector slot and inserts it. Since the connector block has a notched circular cross-section, it is easy for the technician to quickly align the insertion direction. Then, the technician tightens the clamping cap so that the clamping cap and the side walls of the connector block are pressed together, thereby fixing the laser cutting head and making it easy for the technician to install.

[0035] Since the conventional method of fixing with four bolts requires applying a tightening torque to each of the four bolts, it is not easy to ensure that the applied tightening torque is consistent. When fixing by tightening the clamping cover, the clamping cover and the plug block make uniform contact, thereby reducing stress concentration, improving the installation accuracy of the laser cutting head, and thus improving the cutting accuracy.

[0036] Optionally, the counterweight is threadedly fixed to the balance block.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, technicians can adjust the center of gravity between the balance block and the laser cutting head by rotating the counterweight block to move it closer to or further away from the balance block.

[0038] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0039] 1. The drive plate is rotated by a power component, causing the guide column to slide in the guide groove. At the same time, the set limiting structure keeps the grid plate in a vertical state, which facilitates the discharge of metal debris generated by laser cutting and enables the grid plate to rise synchronously in steps, improving the coordination of the synchronous rise of the grid plate until the side wall of the wedge steel plate away from the grid plate is in a horizontal state, improving the stability of the wedge steel plate support. At the same time, in the event of an accidental collision between the laser cutting head and the wedge steel plate, it can effectively reduce the damage to the laser cutting head caused by the wedge steel plate, and make the laser cutting head perpendicular to the surface of the wedge steel plate, so that the energy distribution of the laser beam on the surface of the wedge steel plate is uniform, improving the cutting quality.

[0040] When the two photoelectric sensors detect that the measured values ​​of the laser cutting head and the surface of the wedge steel plate are consistent, it indicates that the side wall of the wedge steel plate away from the grating plate has moved to a horizontal position. At this time, the two photoelectric sensors transmit electrical signals to the control module, and the control module controls the power component to stop working. Then, the control module can calculate the thickness of the wedge steel plate at various positions by using the working stroke of the power component, the measured values ​​of the photoelectric sensors, and the distance from the laser cutting head to the worktable. This allows the control module to plan the cutting path and adjust the cutting parameters when cutting different thickness positions of the wedge steel plate.

[0041] 2. When the power component drives the drive plate to rotate, the guide post slides in the guide groove and rotates around the axis of rotation of the connecting rod away from the guide post. At this time, the angle of the connecting rod extending downwards decreases sequentially from the direction closer to the axis of rotation of the drive plate to the direction further away from the axis of rotation of the drive plate. This causes the spacing between two adjacent grid plates to increase sequentially from the direction closer to the axis of rotation of the drive plate to the direction further away from the axis of rotation of the drive plate. This causes the density of the grid plates corresponding to the thinnest and thickest wedge-shaped steel plates to increase sequentially. At this time, the grid plates can act as heat dissipation fins, which improves the heat conduction performance of the grid plates corresponding to the thinnest and thickest wedge-shaped steel plates. Since the temperature of the wedge-shaped steel plates increases sequentially from thinnest to thickest, the grid plates with different densities can reduce the temperature difference inside the wedge-shaped steel plates, thereby reducing the risk of stress deformation and cracking of the wedge-shaped steel plates due to temperature differences.

[0042] 3. When the equipment vibrates during operation, the mounting frame is prone to vibration, which in turn causes the cylinder to move. At this time, the piston rod slides relative to the cylinder, causing the piston block to slide within the cylinder. This creates a pressure difference on both sides of the piston block, allowing the damping medium to pass through the damping hole, thereby generating damping and absorbing the energy generated by the equipment vibration. This keeps the balance block in a constant relative position, achieving vibration reduction of the laser cutting head and improving cutting quality.

[0043] When the laser cutting head experiences an accidental collision, the violent movement caused by the collision results in a large pressure difference on both sides of the piston block, reaching the opening pressure set by the first / second check valve. At this point, the first / second check valve opens, increasing the passage of the damping medium and thus reducing the damping, making it less likely to obstruct the movement of the balance block. This causes the laser cutting head to deflect rapidly upon collision, thereby reducing the damage to the laser cutting head during the collision. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the support plate and the abutment plate when the side wall of the wedge-shaped steel plate away from the grating plate is in a horizontal state;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the support plate and the abutment plate when the side wall of the wedge-shaped steel plate away from the grating plate is inclined.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a connection diagram of the balance block, laser cutting head, and counterweight.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first check valve, the second check valve, and the piston block.

[0049] Reference numerals: 1. Worktable; 11. Mounting frame; 12. Moving component; 13. Fixed frame; 2. Laser cutting head; 3. Support component; 31. Grating plate; 311. Support plate; 312. Abutment plate; 32. Driving component; 321. Guide column; 322. Driving plate; 323. Guide groove; 324. Power component; 325. Connecting rod; 33. Limiting structure; 331. Limiting block; 332. Limiting plate; 333. Limiting groove; 4. Detection component; 41. Photoelectric sensor; 42. Control module; 5. Balancing component; 51. 52. Balance block; 53. Mounting block; 54. Counterweight block; 55. Threaded rod; 56. Fastening nut; 57. Damper; 58. Cylinder body; 59. Piston rod; 50. Piston block; 51. Flow obstruction hole; 52. First adjustment hole; 53. Second adjustment hole; 54. First check valve; 55. Second check valve; 56. Limit switch; 57. Plug block; 58. Plug slot; 59. Anchor cover; 60. Air-cooled assembly; 61. Suction hood; 62. Suction pipe; 63. Collection box; 64. Filter screen; 7. Wedge-shaped steel plate. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0051] This application discloses a laser cutting device with a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism. (Refer to...) Figure 1 A laser cutting device with a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism includes a worktable 1 placed horizontally on the ground, a mounting frame 11 movably mounted on the worktable 1, a laser cutting head 2 mounted on the mounting frame 11, the laser cutting head 2 being vertically positioned towards the worktable 1, and a moving component 12 mounted on the worktable 1 to drive the mounting frame 11 and the laser cutting head 2 to move in the X, Y and Z directions.

[0052] To support and fix the wedge-shaped steel plate 7, a support assembly 3 is provided on the worktable 1, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 and Figure 3The support assembly 3 includes a fixed frame 13 fixed to the top of the workbench 1. A grid plate 31 is vertically connected to the fixed frame 13. The grid plate 31 includes multiple support plates 311 and an abutment plate 312. The multiple support plates 311 and the abutment plate 312 are spaced apart along the length of the workbench 1. The abutment plate 312 is located on the horizontal side of the multiple support plates 311. The abutment plate 312 is not arranged in a stepped manner with the adjacent support plates 311, and the abutment plate 312 is arranged higher than the support plates 311. The sidewall near the laser cutting head 2 is wavy. When the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 is placed on the grid plate 31, the inclined side of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 is in contact with the top wall of the support plate 311, and the large end of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 is in contact with the sidewall of the abutment plate 312. In this application, there are eight support plates 311. In other embodiments, the support plates 311 can also be seven, ten, thirteen, or more. The arrangement can be the same as in this application. The worktable 1 is provided with a drive component 32 that drives the grid plate 31 to rise and fall synchronously in steps.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The driving component 32 includes guide posts 321 fixed on opposite side walls of the grid plate 31. The grid plate 31 is located inside the fixed frame 13, and the guide posts 321 protrude from the outer side wall of the fixed frame 13. A driving plate 322 is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the fixed frame 13. There are two driving plates 322, which are arranged opposite to each other. The rotation axis of the driving plate 322 is consistent with the width direction of the worktable 1, and the rotation axis of the driving plate 322 is located on the side of the abutment plate 312 away from the support plate 311. A guide groove 323 is opened on the driving plate 322, and the guide posts 321 are movably located in the guide groove 323 and are slidably adapted to the guide groove 323.

[0054] One end of the guide post 321 protruding from the fixed frame 13 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 325. The end of the connecting rod 325 away from the guide post 321 extends downward at an angle to the side of the abutment plate 312 near the support plate 311 and is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed frame 13. The fixed frame 13 is provided with a power component 324 that drives the drive plate 322 to rotate. In this application, the power component 324 is an electric actuator. The fixed end of the electric actuator is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 13, and the output end of the electric actuator is rotatably connected to the ends of the two drive plates 322 away from the rotation axis. The rotation axis of the output end of the electric actuator is parallel to the rotation axis of the drive plate 322.

[0055] To ensure the grating plate 31 remains vertically raised and lowered, a limit structure 33 is provided on the fixed frame 13, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 and Figure 3The limiting structure 33 includes a limiting block 331 fixed to one end of the guide post 321 near the grid plate 31. A limiting plate 332 is slidably connected to the side wall of the fixed frame 13. The sliding direction of the limiting plate 332 is consistent with the length direction of the worktable 1. A limiting groove 333 is provided on the limiting plate 332 for the limiting block 331 to slide. The limiting block 331 is slidably adapted to the inner side wall of the limiting groove 333. The sliding direction of the limiting block 331 is consistent with the height direction of the worktable 1. The cross-section of the limiting block 331 is polygonal. In this application, the cross-section of the limiting block 331 is a regular square shape. In other embodiments, the cross-section of the limiting block 331 can also be a pentagon, octagon, dodecagon, or other polygonal shape, as long as the limiting block 331 slides in the limiting groove 333 without rotating.

[0056] When the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 needs to be cut, the technician places the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 on the grating plate 31. At this time, the side walls of the support plate 311 and the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 are aligned, so that the inclined side of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 is in contact with the top wall of the support plate 311, and the large end of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 is in contact with the side wall of the abutment plate 312. This is the initial position of the grating plate 31.

[0057] Then, the power component 324 drives the drive plate 322 to rotate, causing the guide column 321 to slide in the guide groove 323. The guide column 321 moves with the drive plate 322, so that the grid plate 31 rises synchronously in a stepwise manner from the direction close to the rotation axis of the drive plate 322 to the direction away from the rotation axis of the drive plate 322, improving the coordination of the synchronous rise of the grid plate 31, until the side wall of the wedge steel plate 7 away from the grid plate 31 is in a horizontal state, and the large end of the wedge steel plate 7 is always pressed against the side wall of the abutment plate 312, thus supporting the wedge steel plate 7.

[0058] Then the moving component 12 drives the mounting frame 11 to move, and drives the laser cutting head 2 to cut the wedge steel plate 7. At this time, the laser cutting head 2 is perpendicular to the surface of the wedge steel plate 7, so that the laser beam and the surface energy of the wedge steel plate 7 are evenly distributed, improving the cutting quality. When the laser cutting head 2 and the wedge steel plate 7 collide accidentally, the damage of the wedge steel plate 7 to the laser cutting head 2 can be effectively reduced.

[0059] At the same time, the guide post 321 drives the limiting block 331 to slide in the limiting groove 333, and drives the limiting plate 332 to slide away from the abutment plate 312 along the length of the worktable 1, so that the grid plate 31 always remains vertical, making it easy to discharge the metal chips generated by laser cutting.

[0060] Simultaneously, due to the connecting rod 325, the guide post 321 slides within the guide groove 323 and rotates around the axis of rotation of the connecting rod 325 away from the guide post 321. At this time, the angle of the connecting rod 325 extending downwards decreases sequentially from the direction closer to the axis of rotation of the drive plate 322 to the direction farther away from the axis of rotation of the drive plate 322. This causes the spacing between two adjacent grid plates 31 to increase sequentially from the direction closer to the axis of rotation of the drive plate 322 to the direction farther away from the axis of rotation of the drive plate 322. Consequently, the density of the grid plates 31 corresponding to the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 increases sequentially from thin to thick. At this time, the grid plates 31 can act as heat dissipation fins, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the grid plates 31 corresponding to the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 from thin to thick.

[0061] After cutting, as the temperature of the wedge steel plate 7 increases sequentially from thin to thick, the grating plates 31 with different densities can reduce the temperature difference inside the wedge steel plate 7, thereby reducing the risk of stress deformation and cracking of the wedge steel plate 7 due to temperature difference.

[0062] Furthermore, in order to measure the thickness of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 at different locations, a detection component 4 is installed on the worktable 1, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 3 The detection component 4 includes two photoelectric sensors 41 fixed to the bottom of the mounting frame 11. The two photoelectric sensors 41 are arranged at intervals and are consistent with the arrangement direction of the grid plate 31. Both photoelectric sensors 41 are arranged vertically towards the workbench 1. A control module 42 is fixed on the workbench 1. The photoelectric sensors 41, the power components 324, and the moving components 12 are all electrically connected to the control module 42.

[0063] After the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 is placed on the grating plate 31, the technician starts the equipment. The control module 42 drives the moving component 12 to work, moving the mounting frame 11 to above the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 until the two photoelectric sensors 41 are simultaneously aligned with the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 and measure the distance from the laser cutting head 2 to the side wall of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 away from the grating plate 31. At this time, the side wall of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 away from the grating plate 31 is tilted, and the measurement values ​​of the two photoelectric sensors 41 are inconsistent.

[0064] Then the control module 42 drives the power component 324 to work, causing the grating plate 31 to rise synchronously in steps, so that the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 rotates relative to the worktable 1 until the measurement values ​​of the two photoelectric sensors 41 are consistent. At this time, the side wall of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 away from the grating plate 31 is in a horizontal state. At the same time, the photoelectric sensor 41 transmits an electrical signal to the control module 42, and then the control module 42 controls the drive component 32 to stop working.

[0065] Then, the control module 42 calculates the tilt angle of the support plate 311 by the stroke of the drive component 32, thereby obtaining the tilt angle of the tilted side of the wedge steel plate 7. At the same time, by using the measurement value of the photoelectric sensor 41 and the distance from the laser cutting head 2 to the worktable 1, the distance from the side wall of the wedge steel plate 7 away from the grid plate 31 to the worktable 1 is calculated, thereby obtaining the thickness of the wedge steel plate 7 at various positions. Then, the control module 42 plans the cutting path and adjusts the cutting parameters when cutting different thickness positions of the wedge steel plate 7.

[0066] Then the control module 42 drives the moving component 12 to work, causing the mounting frame 11 to move, so that the laser cutting head 2 moves along the planned path and cuts the wedge-shaped steel plate 7.

[0067] Furthermore, in order to cool the cut wedge-shaped steel plate 7, an air-cooling assembly 6 is installed on the worktable 1, as shown in the reference. Figure 3 The air-cooled assembly 6 includes a suction hood 61 located inside the workbench 1. The suction hood 61 is located at the bottom of the fixed frame 13, and the suction hood 61 is in close contact with the side walls of the fixed frame 13. The suction hood 61 is provided with a suction pipe 62. The end of the suction pipe 62 away from the suction hood 61 is connected to a suction pump. A collection box 63 is provided between the suction hood 61 and the suction pipe 62. The collection box 63 is movably placed inside the workbench 1 and is located directly below the suction hood 61. A filter screen 64 is fixed to the collection box 63 at the suction pipe 62.

[0068] When cooling the wedge-shaped steel plate 7, the suction pump draws in air, thereby achieving air intake through the suction hood 61, which in turn enables the airflow at the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 and cools it. At the same time, the grid plate 31 acts as a heat dissipation fin, improving cooling efficiency. Meanwhile, the suction hood 61 adsorbs the metal debris generated during cutting, which is then filtered by the filter screen 64 and falls into the collection box 63, achieving the collection and cleaning of metal debris and improving the cleanliness of the working environment.

[0069] Furthermore, to reduce vibration of the laser cutting head 2 and improve cutting quality, a balancing component 5 is installed on the worktable 1, as shown in the reference. Figure 4The balancing component 5 includes a balancing block 51 movably disposed within the mounting frame 11. In this application, the balancing block 51 is shaped as a regular cube. A steel wire rope is fixed on the inner top wall of the mounting frame 11. The balancing block 51 is connected to the steel wire rope. A mounting block 52 is fixed on the balancing block 51. The laser cutting head 2 is detachably fixed on the mounting block 52. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the center of gravity of the balancing block 51 and the laser cutting head 2, a counterweight 53 is provided on the balancing block 51. A threaded rod 531 is fixed on the counterweight 53. The threaded rod 531 is threadedly connected to the balancing block 51. A fastening nut 532 is coaxially threaded on the threaded rod 531. The fastening nut 532 is movably pressed against the side wall of the balancing block 51 that is close to each other. The laser cutting head 2 and the counterweight 53 are arranged opposite each other and correspond to the two open ends of the mounting frame 11 respectively.

[0070] The mounting frame 11 is provided with a plurality of dampers 54 to keep the balance block 51 in balance. Each damper 54 includes a cylinder 541 that is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame 11. A piston rod 542 is slidably connected to the cylinder 541. One end of the piston rod 542 protrudes from the cylinder 541 and is rotatably connected to the balance block 51. In this application, the cylinder 541 and the inner wall of the mounting frame 11, and the protruding end of the piston rod 542 and the balance block 51 are connected by a spherical bearing. In other embodiments, the connection can also be made by a ball joint or a universal floating joint.

[0071] A piston block 543 is fixed on the piston rod 542. The piston block 543 is slidably adapted to the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder 541. A high-viscosity damping medium is injected into the cylinder 541. Multiple flow-blocking holes 544 are opened on the piston block 543 to allow the damping medium to pass through. In this application, there are eight dampers 54, which correspond to the eight apex corners of the balance block 51. In other embodiments, there may be four, six, seven, or more dampers 54, as long as they can keep the balance block 51 balanced.

[0072] In order to adjust the damping of damper 54 and reduce the resistance during the collision of laser cutting head 2, refer to Figure 5 The piston block 543 has multiple first adjustment holes 545 and multiple second adjustment holes 546. The number of first adjustment holes 545 and multiple second adjustment holes 546 is the same, and they are evenly distributed in an alternating pattern along the circumference of the piston block 543. In this application, there are three first adjustment holes 545 and three second adjustment holes 546. In other embodiments, there can be two, four, five, or more first adjustment holes 545 and two second adjustment holes 546, and the arrangement can be the same as in this application. A first one-way valve 547 and a second one-way valve 548 are fixed in the first adjustment hole 545 and the second adjustment hole 546, respectively. The opening and closing directions of the first one-way valve 547 and the second one-way valve 548 are opposite. Both the first one-way valve 547 and the second one-way valve 548 open when the set pressure is exceeded.

[0073] To ensure timely shutdown in the event of a collision with the laser cutting head 2 and to prevent further damage to the laser cutting head 2, refer to... Figure 5 A limit switch 55 is fixed to the protruding end of the piston rod 542. The limit switch 55 is in contact with the side wall of the cylinder 541. The limit switch 55 is electrically connected to the control module 42.

[0074] After the laser cutting head 2 is installed, the technician rotates the counterweight 53 and the threaded rod 531 to move the counterweight 53 closer to / away from the balance block 51, and keeps the fastening nut 532 in contact with the side wall of the balance block 51, thereby adjusting the center of gravity of the balance block 51 and the laser cutting head 2. After adjustment, the technician tightens the fastening nut 532 to make the fastening nut 532 abut against the balance block 51, so that the counterweight 53 is not easy to loosen.

[0075] During cutting, the vibration generated by the operation of the equipment can easily cause the mounting frame 11 to vibrate, which in turn causes the cylinder 541 to move. At this time, the piston rod 542 slides relative to the cylinder 541, causing the piston block 543 to slide inside the cylinder 541. This creates a pressure difference on both sides of the piston block 543, allowing the damping medium to pass through the damping hole, thereby generating damping and absorbing the energy generated by the equipment vibration. This keeps the balance block 51 in a constant relative position, achieving vibration reduction of the laser cutting head 2 and improving the cutting quality.

[0076] When any limit switch 55 moves with the piston rod 542 to a position close to the side wall of the cylinder 541, the sliding distance of the piston rod 542 exceeds the displacement generated by normal vibration, indicating that the equipment is malfunctioning or the laser cutting head 2 has been displaced too much due to collision. At this time, the limit switch 55 transmits an electrical signal to the control module 42, and the control module 42 drives the moving component 12 to stop working, so as to avoid further damage to the laser cutting head 2. At the same time, it stops cutting when the equipment is malfunctioning, thereby improving the yield rate.

[0077] When the laser cutting head 2 is displaced due to the collision, the pressure difference on both sides of the piston block 543 is large and reaches the opening pressure set by the first one-way valve 547 / second one-way valve 548. At this time, the first one-way valve 547 / second one-way valve 548 opens, increasing the passage of the damping medium, thereby reducing the generated damping and making it less likely to hinder the movement of the balance block 51. This causes the laser cutting head 2 to deflect quickly during the collision, thereby reducing the damage caused by the laser cutting head 2 during the collision.

[0078] Furthermore, to facilitate the disassembly of the laser cutting head 2, refer to... Figure 4A plug-in block 56 is fixed on the side wall of the laser cutting head 2 near the mounting block 52. The mounting block 52 has a plug-in groove 57 for the plug-in block 56 to be inserted. The plug-in block 56 is in contact with the inner circumferential wall of the plug-in groove 57. The cross-section of the plug-in block 56 is a circle with a notch. A clamping cover 58 is threaded onto the mounting block 52. The clamping cover 58 is coaxially arranged with the plug-in block 56. The clamping cover 58 and the side wall of the plug-in block 56 are in contact with each other.

[0079] When disassembling the laser cutting head 2, the technician unscrews the clamping cover 58 to separate the clamping cover 58 from the mounting block 52. Then, the technician pulls out the laser cutting head 2 to separate the insertion block 56 from the insertion slot 57, thus removing the laser cutting head 2 for easy disassembly by the technician.

[0080] When installing the laser cutting head 2, the technician aligns the plug block 56 with the plug slot 57 and inserts it. Since the cross-section of the plug block 56 is a notched circle, it is easy for the technician to quickly align the insertion direction. Then the technician tightens the clamping cover 58 so that the clamping cover 58 and the side wall of the plug block 56 are close to each other, thereby fixing the laser cutting head 2 and making it easy for the technician to install.

[0081] Since the conventional method of fixing with four bolts requires applying a tightening torque to each of the four bolts, it is not easy to ensure that the applied tightening torque is consistent. When fixing by tightening the clamping cover 58, the clamping cover 58 and the plug block 56 are in uniform contact to reduce stress concentration, improve the installation accuracy of the laser cutting head 2, and thus improve the cutting accuracy.

[0082] The implementation principle of a laser cutting device with a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism in this application embodiment is as follows: When it is necessary to cut a wedge-shaped steel plate 7, the technician places the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 on the grid plate 31. At this time, the side walls of the support plate 311 and the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 are aligned, so that the inclined side of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 is in contact with the top wall of the support plate 311, and the large end of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 is in contact with the side wall of the abutment plate 312. This is the initial position of the grid plate 31.

[0083] Then the technicians start the equipment, and the control module 42 drives the moving component 12 to work, moving the mounting frame 11 to above the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 until the two photoelectric sensors 41 correspond to the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 at the same time. Then the control module 42 drives the power component 324 to work, driving the drive plate 322 to rotate, causing the guide column 321 to slide in the guide groove 323, so that the guide column 321 moves with the drive plate 322, realizing that the grid plate 31 rises synchronously in a step-by-step manner from the direction close to the rotation axis of the drive plate 322 to the direction away from the rotation axis of the drive plate 322.

[0084] At the same time, the guide column 321 drives the limiting block 331 to slide in the limiting groove 333, and drives the limiting plate 332 to slide away from the abutting plate 312 along the length of the worktable 1, so that the grid plate 31 always remains vertical.

[0085] At the same time, the guide post 321 rotates around the axis of rotation of the connecting rod 325 away from the guide post 321. At this time, the angle of the connecting rod 325 extending downwards decreases sequentially from the direction close to the axis of rotation of the drive plate 322 to the direction away from the axis of rotation of the drive plate 322. This causes the distance between two adjacent grid plates 31 to increase sequentially from the direction close to the axis of rotation of the drive plate 322 to the direction away from the axis of rotation of the drive plate 322. This causes the thermal conductivity of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 to increase sequentially from thin to thick, corresponding to the grid plate 31.

[0086] At this time, the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 rotates relative to the worktable 1 until the measurement values ​​of the two photoelectric sensors 41 are consistent. At this time, the side wall of the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 away from the grid plate 31 is in a horizontal state. At the same time, the photoelectric sensor 41 transmits the electrical signal to the control module 42, and then the control module 42 controls the drive component 32 to stop working.

[0087] Then, the control module 42 calculates the distance from the side wall of the wedge steel plate 7 away from the grid plate 31 to the worktable 1 by using the stroke of the power component 324, the measurement value of the photoelectric sensor 41, and the distance between the laser cutting head 2 and the worktable 1. This gives the thickness of the wedge steel plate 7 at each position. The control module 42 then plans the cutting path and adjusts the cutting parameters when cutting the wedge steel plate 7 at different thickness positions.

[0088] Then the control module 42 drives the moving component 12 to work, causing the mounting frame 11 to move, so that the laser cutting head 2 moves along the planned path and cuts the wedge-shaped steel plate 7.

[0089] During cutting, the piston rod 542 slides relative to the cylinder 541, causing the piston block 543 to slide within the cylinder 541. This allows the damping medium to pass through the damping orifice, generating damping and absorbing the energy generated by equipment vibration. This keeps the balance block 51 in a constant relative position, thus reducing vibration in the laser cutting head 2. When any limit switch 55 moves with the piston rod 542 to a point where it is close to the side wall of the cylinder 541, and the sliding distance of the piston rod 542 exceeds the displacement generated by normal vibration, it indicates an abnormality in equipment operation or a problem with the laser cutting head. 2. Due to excessive displacement caused by the collision, the pressure difference on both sides of the piston block 543 is large and reaches the opening pressure set by the first one-way valve 547 / second one-way valve 548. At this time, the first one-way valve 547 / second one-way valve 548 opens, increasing the passage of the damping medium, thereby reducing the generated damping and making it less likely to hinder the movement of the balance block 51, reducing the damage to the laser cutting head 2 caused by the collision. At the same time, the limit switch 55 transmits the electrical signal to the control module 42, and the control module 42 drives the moving component 12 to stop working.

[0090] After cutting, the suction pump draws in air, thereby enabling the suction hood 61 to draw in air, which in turn allows the gas to flow through the wedge-shaped steel plate 7 and cools the wedge-shaped steel plate 7. At the same time, the suction hood 61 adsorbs the metal debris generated during cutting, and filters it through the filter screen 64, causing the metal debris to fall into the collection box 63, thus achieving the collection and cleaning of the metal debris.

[0091] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A laser cutting apparatus having a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism, characterized by: The utility model provides a laser cutting machine, including workbench, movable setting installation frame on the workbench and drive installation frame to carry out X direction, Y direction and Z direction movement's moving assembly, be equipped with laser cutting head on the installation frame, laser cutting head is towards workbench arrangement, be equipped with the support assembly of supporting and fixing to the wedge steel plate on the workbench, detect the detection component of the thickness of wedge steel plate and the balance component of laser cutting head damping, The support assembly includes a grid plate that is arranged on the workbench in a lifting manner. The grid plate includes a plurality of support plates and an abutment plate. The plurality of support plates and the abutment plate are arranged in a spaced manner along the length direction of the workbench. The abutment plate is located on the horizontal side of the plurality of support plates. The abutment plate and the adjacent support plate are arranged in a stepped manner. When the wedge-shaped steel plate is placed on the grid plate, the inclined side of the wedge-shaped steel plate is attached to the top wall of the support plate, and the large end of the wedge-shaped steel plate is movably attached to the side wall of the abutment plate. The workbench is provided with a driving member for driving the grid plate to synchronously lift in steps. The detection component includes two photoelectric sensors arranged on the installation frame. The two photoelectric sensors are arranged in a spaced manner and are consistent with the arrangement direction of the grid plate. The workbench is provided with a control module. The photoelectric sensors, the driving member, and the moving assembly are electrically connected to the control module. The workbench is provided with a fixed frame. The driving member includes guide columns arranged on the opposite side walls of the grid plate. The fixed frame is rotatably provided with a driving plate. The rotation axis of the driving plate is located on the side of the abutment plate away from the support plate. The driving plate is provided with a guide groove. The guide columns are movably arranged in the guide groove and are slidably matched with the guide groove. The fixed frame is provided with a limiting structure for preventing the grid plate and the fixed frame from relatively rotating and a power member for driving the driving plate to rotate. The power member is electrically connected to the control module.

2. The laser cutting apparatus having a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member further includes a connecting rod rotatably arranged on the guide column. One end of the connecting rod away from the guide column extends obliquely downward to the side of the abutment plate close to the support plate and is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the fixed frame. The workbench is provided with an air cooling assembly for cooling the wedge-shaped steel plate.

3. The laser cutting apparatus having a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air cooling assembly includes a suction hood arranged in the workbench. The suction hood is located at the bottom of the fixed frame. The suction hood is attached to the side wall close to the fixed frame. The suction hood is provided with a suction pipe. One end of the suction pipe away from the suction hood is connected to a suction pump. A collection box is arranged between the suction hood and the suction pipe. The collection box is provided with a filter screen.

4. The laser cutting apparatus having a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The balance component includes a balance block movably arranged in the installation frame. The inner top wall of the installation frame is provided with a steel wire rope. The balance block is connected to the steel wire rope. The laser cutting head is arranged on the balance block. The balance block is provided with a counterweight. The laser cutting head and the counterweight are arranged opposite to each other and correspond to the two open ends of the installation frame, respectively. The mounting frame is provided with a plurality of dampers for keeping the balance block balanced, the damper comprises a cylinder body rotatably arranged on the inner side wall of the mounting frame, a piston rod is coaxially and slidably arranged in the cylinder body, one end of the piston rod protrudes out of the cylinder body, the protruding end of the piston rod is rotatably connected with the balance block, a piston block is arranged on the piston rod, the piston block is slidably matched with the inner circumferential wall of the cylinder body, high-viscosity damping medium is injected into the cylinder body, and a plurality of flow resistance holes are formed in the piston block for the damping medium to pass through.

5. The laser cutting apparatus having a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of first adjusting holes and a plurality of second adjusting holes are formed in the piston block, the number of the plurality of first adjusting holes is consistent with the number of the plurality of second adjusting holes, and the plurality of first adjusting holes and the plurality of second adjusting holes are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the piston block, a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve are respectively arranged in the first adjusting hole and the second adjusting hole, the opening and closing directions of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are opposite, and the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are opened when the pressure exceeds a set pressure.

6. The laser cutting apparatus having a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protruding end of the piston rod is provided with a travel switch, the travel switch is movably matched with the side wall of the cylinder body, and the travel switch is electrically connected with the control module.

7. The laser cutting apparatus having a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The balance block is fixed with a mounting block, the laser cutting head is provided with a plug-in block on the side wall close to the mounting block, the mounting block is provided with a plug-in slot for movably inserting the plug-in block, the plug-in block is movably matched with the inner circumferential wall of the plug-in slot, the cross section of the plug-in block is a notched circle, the mounting block is threadedly connected with a tight cover, the tight cover is coaxially arranged with the plug-in block, and the side walls of the tight cover and the plug-in block that are close to each other are movably tightly matched.

8. The laser cutting apparatus having a flexible dynamic balancing mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The counterweight block is threadedly fixed with the balance block.

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