Plastic shell classification device

Abstract

The invention discloses a plastic shell classification device which comprises a feeding mechanism for conveying plastic shells one by one, a recognition mechanism for recognizing the types of the plastic shells and a classification mechanism for classifying and collecting the plastic shells according to the recognition result of the recognition mechanism. The identification mechanism comprises a visual identification module which is arranged at the lateral lower part of the discharge port of the feeding mechanism and is used for carrying out visual identification on the plastic shell, and an infrared identification module for carrying out infrared identification on the plastic shell; the conveying assembly is arranged below a discharging port of the feeding mechanism and used for conveying the plastic shell to be matched with visual identification and infrared identification; and the conveying channel is arranged on one side of the infrared identification module and used for conveying the identified plastic shell to the classification mechanism. Through cooperation of the classification mechanism, the recognition mechanism and the classification mechanism, automatic classification of the plastic shells is achieved, the classification process is environmentally friendly, and the plastic shell classification device is suitable for large-scale popularization and high in classification efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a classification device, and more particularly to a plastic housing classification device. Background Art

[0002] Plastics related to household appliances account for a large proportion of the plastic waste produced annually. Properly handling these waste household appliances can not only recycle and reuse resources, but also reduce environmental pollution.

[0003] The existing technologies mainly use the methods of sinking and floating, magnetic density separation, flotation, and manual identification to classify plastic housings. However, for the classification technology of small household appliance plastic housing materials, the sinking and floating and magnetic density separation methods use the density difference of plastics for sorting, require large sorting pools and have high requirements for material purity, and are not suitable for large-scale promotion; the flotation method requires plastic crushing and the preparation of flotation agents, pollutes the environment, and has high costs; manual identification and classification rely on the subjective judgment of observers, are prone to misjudgment and have low efficiency, and are not suitable for large-scale classification factories. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: The object of the present invention is to provide a plastic housing classification device that is suitable for large-scale promotion, environmentally friendly, and highly efficient.

[0005] Technical Solution: A plastic housing classification device disclosed by the present invention includes a feeding mechanism for sequentially conveying plastic housings, an identification mechanism for identifying the types of plastic housings, and a classification mechanism for classifying and collecting plastic housings according to the identification results of the identification mechanism. The identification mechanism includes a visual recognition module arranged at the lower side of the discharge port of the feeding mechanism for visually recognizing plastic housings, an infrared recognition module for infrared recognition of plastic housings, a transfer assembly arranged below the discharge port of the feeding mechanism for transferring plastic housings to cooperate with visual recognition and infrared recognition, and a transfer channel arranged on one side of the infrared recognition module for transferring the recognized plastic housings to the classification mechanism.

[0006] Further, the transfer assembly includes a support plate and a bottom plate arranged in parallel, four connecting rods arranged in parallel and hinged to the support plate and the bottom plate at both ends respectively, a linkage shaft fixedly connected to one of the connecting rods, a special-shaped cam located on one side of the linkage shaft and driving the linkage shaft to rotate, a first motor for driving the special-shaped cam to rotate, and a first spring installed between the connecting rod and the bottom plate for resetting the connecting rod. The two connecting rods on the same side and the corresponding sides of the support plate and the bottom plate form a parallelogram. The connecting rod is longer than the corresponding sides of the support plate and the bottom plate. Protrusions for avoiding movement interference are arranged on the connecting rod fixedly connected to the linkage shaft and the other connecting rod on the same side.

[0007] Further, the support plate has the following four periodic states under the linkage action of the special-shaped cam driving the linkage shaft:

[0008] State 1: The support plate is horizontally arranged and stays directly below the discharge port of the feeding mechanism to cooperate with the visual recognition module for recognition;

[0009] State 2: The support plate rotates from State 1 towards the direction of the infrared recognition module and then horizontally stays directly below the infrared recognition module to cooperate with the infrared recognition module for recognition;

[0010] State 3: The support plate rotates from State 2 towards the direction of the conveying channel and tilts towards the direction of the conveying channel;

[0011] State 4: Under the action of the first spring, the support plate returns to the position of the initial State 1.

[0012] Further, the special-shaped cam is smoothly connected by a first arc portion, a second arc portion, a third arc portion, and a fourth arc portion. The distance between the rotation center of the special-shaped cam and the center of the linkage shaft is L, the radius of the linkage shaft is R, the radius of the first arc portion is R1, and R1 < L - R; the radius of the second arc portion is R2, and R2 > L - R; the radius of the third arc portion is R3, and R3 = L - R; the radius of the fourth arc portion is R4, and R4 > L - R.

[0013] Further, one side of the top of the conveying channel is fixedly connected with a box body with an open bottom, and the infrared recognition module is installed inside the box body.

[0014] Further, the feeding mechanism includes a fixing plate provided with a discharge port for the plastic shell to fall, a support column fixedly connected to the fixing plate and used for supporting the fixing plate, an annular plate fixedly connected to the fixing plate and having an opening, a feeding channel fixedly connected to the fixing plate and located at the opening of the annular plate, a first baffle hinged at the opening of the annular plate and opened by the thrust of the plastic shell, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the center of the fixing plate, a plurality of partition plates annularly and arrayedly distributed and fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating shaft, and a driving component for driving the rotating shaft to rotate so that the partition plates convey the plastic shells to the discharge port one by one; a bearing plate is fixedly connected between the two support columns, the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bearing plate, and the bracket of the first motor is fixedly connected to the bearing plate.

[0015] Further, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the fixing plate. The bottom edge of the first baffle is fixedly connected with a slider slidably connected to the arc-shaped groove, and a second spring for resetting the first baffle is fixedly connected between the slider and the vertical inner wall of the arc-shaped groove.

[0016] Further, the driving component includes a second motor fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixing plate, a first bevel gear fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor, and a second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear. The bottom end of the rotating shaft extends below the fixing plate and is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear.

[0017] Further, the sorting mechanism includes a plurality of collection boxes arranged in an annular array, a sorting platform adapted to the plurality of collection boxes, and a plurality of electric push rods independently hinged to the bottom end of the sorting platform to tilt the sorting platform towards different collection boxes.

[0018] Further, a plurality of fixing columns distributed in an annular array are fixedly connected to the top end of the sorting platform, and a second baffle is movably arranged between adjacent two fixing columns, and the top end of the second baffle is hinged to the corresponding fixing column.

[0019] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable advantages: Through the cooperation of the sorting mechanism, the recognition mechanism and the classification mechanism, the automatic sorting of plastic shells is realized, and the sorting process does not involve density separation, chemical reagents, etc. The sorting process is green and environmentally friendly, suitable for large-scale promotion and has high sorting efficiency. The present invention sorts the color and material of the plastic shell successively, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the recognition result. The feeding mechanism of the present invention rotates periodically through the partition plate, and cooperates with the first baffle and the second spring to realize the one-by-one feeding of the plastic shells, avoiding the stacking of plastic shells, improving the stability and uniformity of feeding, and ensuring that the plastic shells can enter the subsequent recognition mechanism orderly, which can assist in improving the accuracy and recognition efficiency of the recognition mechanism. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention with the support columns removed;

[0022] Figure 3 is of the present invention Figure 2 top view;

[0023] Figure 4 is a bottom view of the driving component of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the transfer component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the transfer component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the sorting mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the state structure of the connecting rod in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 Front view of the special-shaped cam and the linkage shaft of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 Another front view of the special-shaped cam and the linkage shaft in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 Network framework diagram of the lightweight visual recognition network model in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 Network framework diagram of the lightweight plastic spectral material recognition model in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] A plastic shell classification device disclosed by the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, includes a feeding mechanism 1, a recognition mechanism, and a classification mechanism 2. The feeding mechanism 1 conveys plastic shells one by one; the recognition mechanism recognizes the types of plastic shells one by one. The recognition mechanism includes a visual recognition module 4 and an infrared recognition module. When recognizing, first perform visual recognition on the plastic shell to recognize the color of the plastic shell, and then perform infrared recognition on the plastic shell to recognize the material of the plastic shell; the classification mechanism 2 classifies and collects plastic shells according to the recognition results of the recognition mechanism. The recognition mechanism further includes a transfer component 6 and a transfer channel 7. The transfer component 6 is used to transfer plastic shells to cooperate with visual recognition and infrared recognition. The transfer channel 7 is arranged directly above the classification mechanism 2. The transfer component 6 transfers the recognized plastic shells to the transfer channel 7, and the plastic shells fall to the classification mechanism 2 through the transfer channel 7. The visual recognition module and the infrared recognition module select mature recognition devices in the prior art.

[0035] As Figures 2 - 4As shown, the feeding mechanism 1 includes a fixing plate 16, a support column 17, an annular plate 18, a first baffle 20, a rotating shaft 21, a partition plate 22 and a driving component. An outlet 3 for the plastic shell to fall is provided on the fixing plate 16. The support column 17 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 16 and is used to support the fixing plate 16. The annular plate 18 is fixedly installed on the fixing plate 16, and there is an opening on the annular plate 18. The feeding channel 19 is fixedly installed on the fixing plate 16 and is located at the opening of the annular plate 18. One end of the first baffle 20 is hinged to the opening of the annular plate 18. When the plastic shell falls through the feeding channel 19 to the fixing plate 16, the plastic shell squeezes the first baffle 20 to open it, so that the plastic shell enters the inside of the annular plate 18. An arc-shaped groove 23 is provided on the fixing plate 16. The bottom edge of the first baffle 20 is fixedly connected with a slider that is slidably connected to the arc-shaped groove 23, and a second spring 25 for resetting the first baffle 20 is fixedly connected between the slider and the vertical inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 23; the rotating shaft 21 is rotatably connected to the center of the fixing plate 16. There are multiple partition plates 22, and the multiple partition plates 22 are annularly and arrayedly distributed and fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating shaft 21. The driving component is installed at the bottom end of the fixing plate 16 and drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate.

[0036] The driving component includes a second motor 26 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixing plate 16, a first bevel gear 27 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 26, and a second bevel gear 28 meshed with the first bevel gear 27. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 21 extends below the fixing plate 16 and is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 28.

[0037] The plastic shell falls through the feeding channel 19 onto the fixing plate 16. The connection between the feeding channel 19 and the fixing plate 16 is a ramp structure, which is beneficial for the plastic shell to squeeze and open the first baffle 20 by gravity and slide onto the fixing plate 16 and approach the center of the fixing plate 16. As Figure 3 shown, the rotating shaft 21 drives the partition plate 22 to rotate counterclockwise. The partition plate 22 closest to the opening of the annular plate 18 rotates counterclockwise to drive the plastic shell forward and squeeze the first baffle 20. The first baffle 20 closes the opening of the annular plate 18 under the action of the partition plate 22 and the second spring 25 to prevent other plastic shells from entering the fixing plate 16 and causing accumulation; when the partition plate 22 rotates away from the opening of the annular plate 18, the partition plate 22 separates from the first baffle 20, and the force exerted by the partition plate on the first baffle 20 is lost. The first baffle 20 is opened under the gravity impact of the next plastic shell. Repeat the above steps, and finally the plastic shells fall one by one through the outlet 3 onto the transfer component 6.

[0038] The identification module 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing plate 16, and the identification module 4 is located at the lower side of the outlet 3. Preferably, a uniform light source for assisting the identification module 4 to identify is installed at the bottom end of the fixing plate 16.

[0039] A cross bar 5 is fixedly connected between two support columns 17. A conveying channel 7 is fixedly connected to the cross bar 5. And on one side of the top of the conveying channel 7, a box body 34 with an open bottom is fixedly connected. An infrared recognition module is installed inside the box body 34. Preferably, a halogen lamp for assisting the infrared recognition module to recognize is installed on the box body 34.

[0040] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the transfer assembly 6 includes a support plate 8, a bottom plate 9, a connecting rod 10, a linkage shaft 11, a special-shaped cam 12, a first motor 13 and a first spring 14. The support plate 8 and the bottom plate 9 are arranged in parallel. There are four connecting rods 10 in total. The four connecting rods 10 are arranged in parallel and are respectively hinged to the support plate 8 and the bottom plate 9 at both ends. The sides of the two connecting rods 10 on the same side corresponding to the support plate 8 and the bottom plate 9 form a parallelogram. Preferably, the connecting rod 10 is longer than the corresponding sides of the support plate 8 and the bottom edge 9. A bearing plate 24 is fixedly connected between two adjacent support columns 17. The bottom plate 9 is fixedly connected to the bearing plate 24. The linkage shaft 11 is fixedly connected to one of the connecting rods 10. Protrusions 15 to avoid movement interference are provided on the connecting rod 10 connected to the linkage shaft 11 and another connecting rod 10 on the same side. The bracket of the first motor 13 is fixedly connected to the bearing plate 24. The special-shaped cam 12 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 13. The special-shaped cam 12 is located on one side of the linkage shaft 11. The first motor 13 drives the special-shaped cam 12 to rotate. The special-shaped cam 12 rotates and presses the linkage shaft 11. The linkage mechanism composed of the connecting rod 10, the support plate 8 and the bottom plate 9 is linked under the movement of the connecting rod 10, so that the support plate 8 drives the plastic shell to move towards the infrared recognition module or the conveying channel 7. The first spring 14 is fixedly connected between the bottom plate 9 and the connecting rod 10. And the connecting rod 10 is reset under the action of the first spring 14. Preferably, there are two first springs 14 in total, and the two first springs 14 are symmetrically arranged to improve the stability of the linkage mechanism composed of the connecting rod 10, the support plate 8 and the bottom plate 9 when resetting.

[0041] The support plate 8 has the following four periodic states under the linkage action of the special-shaped cam 12 driving the linkage shaft 11:

[0042] State 1: The support plate 8 is horizontally arranged and stays directly below the discharge port 3 of the feeding mechanism 1 to cooperate with the vision recognition module 4 for recognition;

[0043] State 2: The support plate 8 rotates from State 1 towards the infrared recognition module and then horizontally stays directly below the infrared recognition module to cooperate with the infrared recognition module for recognition;

[0044] State 3: The support plate 8 rotates from State 2 in the direction away from the conveying channel 7 and tilts towards the conveying channel 7, so that the plastic shell on the support plate 8 falls onto the conveying channel 7;

[0045] State Four: The support plate 8 returns to the position of the initial State One under the action of the first spring 14, facilitating the support plate 8 to catch the plastic shell falling from the discharge port 3.

[0046] As Figure 9 shown, the special-shaped cam 12 is smoothly connected by a first arc portion, a second arc portion, a third arc portion, and a fourth arc portion, and the sum of the central angles of the first arc portion, the second arc portion, the third arc portion, and the fourth arc portion is 360°. The distance between the rotation center of the special-shaped cam 12 and the center of the linkage shaft 11 is L, the radius of the linkage shaft 11 is R, the radius of the first arc portion is R1, and R1 < L - R; the radius of the second arc portion is R2, and R2 > L - R; the radius of the third arc portion is R3, and R3 = L - R; the radius of the fourth arc portion is R4, and R4 > L - R. Preferably, the first arc portion can be smoothly connected by multiple arc segments with different curvatures, as long as the radius of all arc segments is less than L - R; the second arc portion can be smoothly connected by multiple arc segments with different curvatures, as long as the radius of all arc segments is greater than L - R; the fourth arc portion can be smoothly connected by multiple arc segments with different curvatures, as long as the radius of all arc segments is greater than L - R.

[0047] In the initial state, the first arc portion is located on one side of the linkage shaft 11. The first motor 13 drives the special-shaped cam 12 to rotate. The first arc portion does not contact the linkage shaft 11. When the special-shaped cam 12 rotates, the linkage shaft 11 remains stationary. Here, the support plate 8 is horizontally arranged and stays directly in front of the discharge port 3. The plastic shell falls through the discharge port 3 onto the support plate 8. Then, the visual recognition module 4 performs color recognition on the plastic shell on the support plate 8. At this time, the support plate 8 is in state one; after the visual recognition module 4 finishes recognition, the first motor 13 drives the second arc portion of the special-shaped cam 12 to rotate to one side of the linkage shaft 11. The linkage shaft 11 moves under the extrusion of the second arc portion, causing the connecting rod 10 connected to it to move synchronously. Under the combined action of the connecting rod 10, the bottom plate 9, and the support plate 8, the connecting rod 10 drives the support plate 8 to rotate towards the direction of the infrared recognition module. During this process, the support plate 8 always remains horizontal. When the support plate 8 is directly below the infrared recognition module, the third arc portion moves to one side of the linkage shaft 11. The linkage shaft 11 stays in its current position under the action of the third arc portion, facilitating the infrared recognition module to identify the material of the plastic shell. At this time, the support plate 8 is in state two; after the infrared recognition module finishes recognition, the fourth arc portion moves to one side of the linkage shaft 11. The linkage shaft 11 moves under the extrusion of the fourth arc portion, causing the connecting rod 10 connected to it to move synchronously. Under the combined action of the connecting rod 10, the bottom plate 9, and the support plate 8, the support plate 8 moves towards the direction of the transfer channel 7 and tilts towards the direction of the transfer channel 7. The protrusion 15 is provided to prevent movement interference of the parallelogram formed by the connecting rod 10, the bottom plate 9, and the support plate 8 during this process. The inclination of the support plate 8 causes the plastic shell to fall into the transfer channel 7. At this time, the support plate 8 is in state three; after the plastic shell falls into the transfer channel 7, the first arc portion rotates to one side of the linkage shaft 11. At this time, the first arc portion does not contact the linkage shaft 11, that is, the force exerted by the special-shaped cam 12 on the linkage shaft 11 disappears. The connecting rod 10 resets under the action of the first spring 14, causing the support plate 8 to return directly below the discharge port 3. At this time, the support plate 8 is in state four. During actual use, the residence time of the support plate 8 directly below the discharge port 3 can be controlled by the central angle of the first arc portion. The path length of the support plate 8 moving from directly below the discharge port 3 to directly below the infrared recognition module can be controlled by the central angle of the second arc portion. The residence time of the support plate 8 staying directly below the infrared recognition module can be controlled by the central angle of the third arc portion. The path length of the support plate 8 moving towards the transfer channel 7 and the inclination angle towards the transfer channel 7 can be controlled by the central angle of the fourth arc portion.

[0048] Preferably, as Figure 10As shown in the figure, the first arc portion of the special-shaped cam 12 is composed of two arc sub-portions with different diameters. The radius of arc sub-portion one is r1, and r1 = L - R; the radius of arc sub-portion two is r2, and r2 is less than L - R. When arc sub-portion one is on one side of the linkage shaft 11, the linkage shaft 11 stays directly below the discharge port 3 under the action of arc sub-portion one. The setting of arc sub-portion one is beneficial to improving the stability of the support plate 8 directly below the discharge port 3; when arc sub-portion two is on one side of the linkage shaft 11, arc sub-portion two does not contact the linkage shaft 11, and the linkage shaft 11 returns to the positive direction of the discharge port 3 under the action of the first spring 14. During actual use, the time for the support plate 8 to stay directly below the discharge port 3 is controlled by the central angle of arc sub-portion one, and the time for the support plate 8 to return from state four to the initial state is controlled by the central angle of arc sub-portion two.

[0049] When the support plate 8 stays directly below the discharge port 3, the schematic structural diagram of the connecting rod 10 is as Figure 8 (a) shown; when the support plate 8 stays directly below the infrared recognition module, the schematic structural diagram of the connecting rod 10 is as Figure 8 (b) shown; when the support plate 8 tilts towards the conveying channel 7, the schematic structural diagram of the connecting rod 10 is as Figure 8 (c) shown.

[0050] As Figure 7 shown, the sorting mechanism 2 includes a collection box 29, a sorting platform 30, and an electric push rod 31. There are multiple collection boxes 29, and the multiple collection boxes 29 are arranged in a circular array. There are multiple electric push rods 31 in total, and the multiple electric push rods 31 are independently hinged to the bottom end of the sorting platform 30, and the electric push rod 31 plays a role in supporting the sorting platform 30. The sorting platform 30 is directly above the center of the circular array distribution of the multiple collection boxes 29; a plurality of fixedly arranged columns 32 distributed in a circular array are fixedly connected to the top end of the sorting platform 30, and a second baffle 33 is movably arranged between adjacent two fixedly arranged columns 32, and the top end of the second baffle 33 is hinged to the corresponding fixedly arranged column 32. The position and quantity of the second baffle 33 are adapted to the collection box 29. The auxiliary design of the multi-directional second baffle 33 ensures that the plastic shell will not fall by mistake and improves the reliability of sorting.

[0051] The sorting platform 30 and the electric push rod 31 can draw on the Stewart platform in the prior art. During actual use, the plastic shell identified by the identification mechanism falls onto the sorting platform 30 through the conveying channel 7. According to the identification result of the identification mechanism, multiple electric push rods 31 are adjusted in cooperation to make the sorting platform 30 tilt towards the direction of the corresponding collection box 29, and the plastic shell pushes the corresponding second baffle 33 and falls into the corresponding collection box 29.

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] A plastic shell classification device disclosed by the present invention is the same as that in Embodiment 1 except for the visual recognition module 4 and the infrared recognition module.

[0054] The plastic shells pass through the visual recognition module 4 and the infrared spectrum recognition module in sequence. The visual recognition module processes visible light images and accurately extracts the color information of the shells; the infrared spectrum recognition module accurately obtains the material information by analyzing the spectrum data. Combining the corresponding recognition algorithms, the color and material characteristics of the shells are comprehensively analyzed as a whole. Finally, the classification platform 30 accurately classifies according to the recognition results, realizing the efficient recycling and sorting of plastic shells.

[0055] The visual recognition module 4 in this embodiment is constructed as follows: First, take a photo of the plastic shell on the support platform 8 directly below the discharge port 3, and label the taken photo of the plastic shell to obtain the labeled samples; divide the samples into a training set and a validation set in a ratio of 7:3, use the training set to train the lightweight visual recognition network model, and use the validation set to verify the algorithm accuracy as a reference. Finally, save the model with the highest accuracy for actual production, that is, obtain the visual recognition model for identifying the color of the plastic shell. The lightweight visual recognition network model consists of three parts: Backbone (main network), Neck (neck network), and Head (detection head), and realizes lightweight optimization through modular design to improve the feature extraction ability, multi-scale fusion effect, and detection accuracy.

[0056] As Figure 11 shown, the network framework of the lightweight visual recognition network model is as follows: At the Backbone end, the model first uses the standard convolutional layer (Conv) for basic feature extraction, introduces the C2f and improved C2fCIB modules to enhance the feature reuse ability, combines the CBAM attention mechanism to strengthen the key feature expression, and the SPPF further improves the global perception ability. At the Neck end, the model uses Upsample for upsampling and performs feature fusion through Concat to construct a bidirectional feature pyramid (BiFPN), effectively improving the multi-scale feature expression ability and optimizing the small target detection effect. At the same time, the C2fCIB further enhances the feature circulation and information expression. At the Head end, the detection head (Detect) acts on feature maps of different scales to accurately predict the target box coordinates, categories, and confidence levels, ensuring excellent detection capabilities for large, medium, and small targets. While maintaining lightweight, the overall framework further optimizes the feature extraction, fusion, and detection strategies, making it more efficient, accurate, and capable of meeting the requirements of real-time target detection tasks.

[0057] The steps for the visual recognition module 4 in this embodiment to achieve color recognition are as follows: First, take a photo of the plastic shell to be recognized, then de-jitter the photo, and then perform foreground detection on the photo. During the foreground detection process, in order to improve the image quality, suppress shadows and light, and transmit the processed plastic shell photo to the visual recognition model, and the visual recognition model recognizes the color of the plastic shell.

[0058] The construction method of the infrared recognition module in this embodiment is as follows: First, collect the spectral data of the plastic shell on the support platform 8 directly below the visual recognition module, label the collected spectral data to obtain the labeled samples; divide the samples into a training set and a validation set in a ratio of 7:3, use the training set to train the lightweight plastic spectral material recognition model, and use the validation set to verify the algorithm accuracy as a reference. Finally, save the model with the highest accuracy for actual production, that is, obtain the infrared recognition model for recognizing the material of the plastic shell.

[0059] As Figure 12 shown, the network framework of the lightweight plastic spectral material recognition model is as follows: This lightweight plastic spectral material recognition model adopts a modular design, reduces the repeated stacking of Fused-MBConv and MBConv modules to reduce computational redundancy and improve inference efficiency. The input layer receives multi-channel spectral image data, and first passes through a 3×3 convolution (Conv), batch normalization (BN), and activation function (SIG) to extract basic features. In the feature extraction stage, the network consists of two sub-modules, Fused-MBConv-shortcut and Fused-MBConv. The output dimension of Fused-MBConv-shortcut is 24, while the output dimension of Fused-MBConv is 48, providing feature information at different levels. Subsequently, the MBConv-shortcut module further performs deep feature extraction and finally outputs a 48-dimensional feature, while the MBConv structure is similar to it, but the configuration of some layers is different, and finally outputs a 64-dimensional feature. In the feature fusion stage, the model adopts an efficient feature splicing and weighting strategy to enhance the information expression ability. Finally, after pooling (Pooling) and flattening the features through the Flatten layer, a 5-dimensional feature vector is generated. This network introduces an alternately used shortcut connection strategy in the architecture to optimize the feature transmission path and improve the information flow efficiency. At the same time, it removes the ProgressiveLearning strategy and simplifies the training process, enabling the model to have better computational efficiency and deployment flexibility while ensuring high recognition accuracy. The overall optimization scheme not only improves the accuracy of spectral recognition but also enhances the adaptability of the model in complex environments, making it more suitable for real-time spectral analysis tasks.

[0060] The steps for the infrared recognition module in this embodiment to achieve material recognition are as follows: First, collect the spectral data of the plastic shell. To improve the accuracy of recognition, preprocess the spectral data first to obtain high-quality spectral data, and then transmit the spectral data to the infrared recognition model, which recognizes the material of the plastic shell.

Claims

1. A plastic shell classification device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a feeding mechanism (1) for conveying plastic shells one by one, an identification mechanism for identifying the types of plastic shells, and a classification mechanism (2) for classifying and collecting the plastic shells according to the identification results of the identification mechanism, wherein the identification mechanism comprises a visual identification module (4) arranged below the side of a discharge port (3) of the feeding mechanism (1) for visually identifying the plastic shells, an infrared identification module for infrared identifying the plastic shells, a transfer component (6) arranged below the discharge port (3) of the feeding mechanism (1) and for transferring the plastic shells to cooperate with visual identification and infrared identification, and a transmission channel (7) arranged on one side of the infrared identification module and for transferring the identified plastic shells to the classification mechanism (2).

2. The plastic shell classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission component (6) comprises a support plate (8) and a base plate (9) arranged in parallel, four connecting rods (10) arranged in parallel and hinged at both ends to the support plate (8) and the base plate (9), a linkage shaft (11) fixedly connected to one of the connecting rods (10), a special-shaped cam (12) located on one side of the linkage shaft (11) and driving the linkage shaft (11) to rotate, a first motor (13) driving the special-shaped cam (12) to rotate, and a first spring (14) installed between the connecting rod (10) and the base plate (9) for realizing the reset of the connecting rod (10), and the two connecting rods (10) located on the same side form a parallelogram with the sides corresponding to the support plate (8) and the base plate (9), and the connecting rod (10) is longer than the sides corresponding to the support plate (8) and the base plate (9), and the connecting rod (10) fixedly connected to the linkage shaft (11) and the other connecting rod (10) located on the same side are both provided with a protrusion (15) for avoiding motion interference.

3. The plastic shell classification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support plate (8) has the following four periodic states under the linkage action of the special-shaped cam (12) driving the linkage shaft (11): State 1: the support plate (8) is arranged horizontally and stays directly below the discharge port (3) of the feeding mechanism (1) to cooperate with the visual recognition module (4) for recognition; State 2: the support plate (8) rotates from state 1 toward the infrared recognition module and then stays horizontally just below the infrared recognition module to cooperate with the infrared recognition module for recognition; State three: the support plate (8) rotates from state two toward the direction of the conveying channel (7) and tilts toward the direction of the conveying channel (7); State 4: the support plate (8) returns to the initial state 1 position under the action of the first spring (14).

4. The plastic shell classification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The special-shaped cam (12) is composed of a first arc-shaped portion, a second arc-shaped portion, a third arc-shaped portion and a fourth arc-shaped portion which are smoothly connected. The distance between the rotation center of the special-shaped cam (12) and the center of the linkage shaft (11) is L, the radius of the linkage shaft (11) is R, the radius of the first arc-shaped portion is R1, and R1 is less than L-R; the radius of the second arc-shaped portion is R2, and R2 is greater than L-R; the radius of the third arc-shaped portion is R3, and R3 is less than L-R; the radius of the fourth arc-shaped portion is R4, and R4 is greater than L-R.

5. The plastic shell classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A box body (34) with an open bottom is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the transmission channel (7), and the infrared recognition module is installed inside the box body (34).

6. The plastic shell classification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (1) comprises a fixed plate (16) provided with a discharge port (3) for the plastic shell to fall down, a support column (17) fixedly connected to the fixed plate (16) and used to support the fixed plate (16), an annular plate (18) fixedly connected to the fixed plate (16) and having an opening, a feeding channel (19) fixedly connected to the fixed plate (16) and located at the opening of the annular plate (18), a first baffle (20) having one end hinged to the opening of the annular plate (18) and opened by the thrust of the plastic shell 0), a rotating shaft (21) rotatably connected to the center of a fixed plate (16), a plurality of partition plates (22) distributed in an annular array and fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating shaft (21), and a driving component for driving the rotating shaft (21) to rotate so that the partition plates (22) transport the plastic shells one by one to the discharge port (3); a bearing plate (24) is fixedly connected between the two support columns (17), the bottom plate (9) is fixedly connected to the bearing plate (24), and a bracket of the first motor (13) is fixedly connected to the bearing plate (24).

7. The plastic shell classification device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed plate (16) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (23); a slider slidably connected to the arc-shaped groove (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the first baffle plate (20); and a second spring (25) for returning the first baffle plate (20) to its original position is fixedly connected between the slider and the vertical inner wall of the arc-shaped groove (23).

8. The plastic shell classification device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving component comprises a second motor (26) fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixing plate (16), a first bevel gear (27) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (26), and a second bevel gear (28) meshingly connected to the first bevel gear (27), and the bottom end of the rotating shaft (21) extends to the bottom of the fixing plate (16) and is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (28).

9. The plastic shell classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The classification mechanism (2) comprises a plurality of collection boxes (29) arranged in a circular array, a classification platform (30) adapted to the plurality of collection boxes (29), and a plurality of electric push rods (31) independently hinged at the bottom end of the classification platform (30) to enable the classification platform (30) to tilt toward different collection boxes (29).

10. The plastic shell classification device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top of the classification platform (30) is fixedly connected to a plurality of fixed columns (32) distributed in a circular array, and a second baffle (33) is movably arranged between two adjacent fixed columns (32), and the top of the second baffle (33) is hinged to the corresponding fixed column (32).

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