A polyamide material, a method for its production and its use for transporting, distributing or storing hydrogen

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of polyamide materials, by weight parts, including the following components: polyamide resin 59-71 parts;Active group grafting contains the rubber of repeating unit derived from olefin 3-30 parts;High-density polyethylene 0.5-10 parts;Ketone carbonyl polymer 5-60 parts.The application improves mechanical properties by adding high-density polyethylene in polyamide resin, while maintaining good gas barrier properties;At the same time, active group grafting contains the rubber of repeating unit derived from olefin, which can improve the compatibility of polyamide resin and high-density polyethylene, but also can improve toughness, also can improve the behavior of foaming during hydrogen circulation test, further, the introduction of ketone carbonyl polymer can make the infrared welding of gas barrier polyamide material more firm, but also can further improve the foaming during hydrogen circulation test, so that the polyamide composite material of the application is especially suitable for application in the field of transporting, distributing or storing hydrogen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer materials technology, and in particular to a polyamide material, its preparation method, and its application in the transportation, distribution, or storage of hydrogen. Background Technology

[0002] Improving energy density, reliability, safety, and economic efficiency in hydrogen storage are key challenges for the widespread commercialization of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) and other hydrogen fuel cell applications. While some lightweight FCEVs have emerged in a limited market, affordable onboard hydrogen storage remains a major obstacle. High-pressure gas storage tank liners can be single-layer or multi-layered. Single-layer linings typically use polyamide and are usually required to be at least 4 mm thick to meet hydrogen permeation requirements or other design applications.

[0003] In the existing technology, it is difficult for the polyamide lining of high-pressure gas storage tanks to simultaneously achieve the advantages of good hydrogen barrier properties and no foaming during hydrogen circulation tests.

[0004] The fundamental cause of bubbling during hydrogen cycling tests is that the rapid pressure difference during low-pressure-high-pressure hydrogen cycling prevents hydrogen molecules within the material's internal structure from quickly reaching equilibrium under the influence of diffusion down the concentration gradient. This leads to the accumulation of microcracks at the accumulation sites, which then expand into bulge structures. This behavior is more likely to occur in plastic liners with interfaces, defects, or pores, as described in US11359766 B2, which illustrates the bubbling behavior in multilayer structures. Similarly, in rotational molding, when powder-encapsulated gases and moisture cannot be eliminated in time during the molding process, it not only damages the strength of the liner structure but also becomes a trigger point for subsequent bubbling.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN101831170A discloses a high-viscosity PA6 / PE alloy, comprising 75-90% PA6, 5-15% PE, 3-5% toughening agent, and 2-5% compatibilizer. The toughening agent is a core-shell impact modifier of methyl acrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer or a silicone-modified acrylic impact modifier; the compatibilizer is a graft or block copolymer of PA6 and PE. The patent also discloses that this alloy has good gas barrier properties. However, firstly, the patent does not record the test results for its gas barrier properties; secondly, the patent is mainly used for corrugated pipes, automotive hoses, and automotive fuel bottles, but these products do not require gas barrier properties; thirdly, the patent states that the melting point of PE is 160-180℃, far exceeding the melting point range of conventional PE, and those skilled in the art cannot replicate this experimental result. Fourth, the toughening agent in this patent does not contain active groups, and the silicon-modified acrylic impact modifier is not compatible with PE. Therefore, those skilled in the art can infer that the patented alloy cannot improve the bubbling behavior during the hydrogen cycling test. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects and provide a polyamide material that has the advantages of good hydrogen barrier properties and good infrared welding strength, and significantly improves the defect of easy bubbling during hydrogen cycling test.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A polyamide material, by weight, comprises the following components:

[0009] 59-71 parts of polyamide resin;

[0010] 3-30 parts of rubber derived from repeating units containing olefins and grafted with active groups;

[0011] 0.5-10 parts of high-density polyethylene;

[0012] 5-60 parts of ketone carbonyl polymer;

[0013] Ketone carbonyl polymers are selected from compounds containing alternating ketone units derived from repeating units of olefin comonomers and repeating units derived from carbon monoxide;

[0014] The active group is selected from at least one of maleic anhydride group and epoxy group.

[0015] The density range of the high-density polyethylene is 0.93 g / cm³. 3 -0.97g / cm 3 The preferred concentration is 0.95 g / cm³. 3 -0.96g / cm 3 Measurements were performed according to GB / T 19466.1-2004.

[0016] The high-density polyethylene has a melting point range of 100℃-140℃, and the testing standard is GB / T19466.1-2004.

[0017] The melt index range of the high-density polyethylene is 0.1 to 20 g / 10 min, and the test standard is ISO 1133 with test conditions of 190°C and 2.16 kg.

[0018] In the ketone carbonyl polymer, the olefinic comonomer is selected from one or more of ethylene, propylene, butene, hexene, octene, decene, dodecene, tetradecene, hexadecene, and octadecene.

[0019] In the ketone carbonyl polymer, the ketone carbonyl content, as determined by elemental analysis, is 20wt%-85wt%; preferably, the ketone carbonyl content, as determined by elemental analysis, is 35wt%-70wt%.

[0020] The elemental analysis method for determining the ketone carbonyl content of ketone carbonyl polymers is as follows:

[0021] The ketone carbonyl polymer is separated and extracted from the polyamide resin composition using a suitable solvent, which is selected from one or more of toluene, xylene, formic acid, acetic acid, methanol, n-butanol, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide. The polyamide resin composition is dissolved or swollen to obtain a solution or precipitate of the ketone carbonyl polymer. The obtained solution or precipitate is dissolved multiple times and subjected to vacuum rotary distillation to obtain a purified ketone carbonyl polymer extract.

[0022] Ketone carbonyl polymer extracts were prepared using one or more chromatographic grade solvents selected from toluene, xylene, formic acid, acetic acid, methanol, n-butanol, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide to prepare ketone carbonyl polymer solutions of 2 mg / ml to 10 mg / ml. After complete dissolution, the solutions were filtered, and the solutions and mobile phases were degassed by ultrasonication. The prepared solutions were then subjected to elemental analysis.

[0023] Elemental analysis can determine the proportions of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. Oxygen originates from carbonyl oxygen, and its measured proportion is ω. oxygen The ketone carbonyl content of the ketone carbonyl polymer can be calculated using the following formula: ω=ω oxygen ×M CO / M O Among them, M CO The numerical value for the molar mass of the ketone carbonyl group, in grams per mole (g / mol) [M] CO =28.01]; M O This is the numerical value of the molar mass of oxygen atoms, expressed in grams per mole (g / mol). O =15.99].

[0024] The preparation method of the ketone carbonyl polymer is described in reference to patent publication number CN1035120A.

[0025] The number-average molecular weight of the ketone carbonyl polymers of this invention is 10,000-300,000, and is measured using gel permeation chromatography.

[0026] The rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins is selected from at least one of polyolefin rubbers, polyacrylonitrile rubbers containing repeating units derived from olefins, polyacrylic rubbers containing repeating units derived from olefins, and polyester rubbers containing repeating units derived from olefins; preferably, the rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins is selected from polyolefin rubbers.

[0027] In the maleic anhydride-grafted rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins, the maleic anhydride group accounts for 0.1wt%-5wt% of the weight of the maleic anhydride-grafted rubber, preferably 0.5wt%-2wt%; in the epoxy group-grafted rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins, the epoxy group accounts for 0.1wt%-10wt% of the weight of the epoxy group-grafted rubber, preferably 2wt%-8wt%.

[0028] Methods for grafting maleic anhydride groups and epoxy groups onto rubber include, but are not limited to: using processing equipment such as single-screw extruders, twin-screw extruders, and internal mixers to complete the melt grafting of rubber components; adding grafting monomers (such as maleic anhydride or glycidyl methacrylate GMA) in the molten rubber state; reacting at a temperature of 150-200℃ and a rotation speed of 200-500 rpm; controlling the concentration of reacting monomers; and selecting initiators such as dicumyl peroxide or benzoyl peroxide, with the amount not exceeding 0.3% of the total feed weight. The epoxy group grafting monomers can be glycidyl methacrylate GMA, glycidyl acrylate, etc.

[0029] Specifically, the polyolefin rubber is selected from at least one of saturated polyolefin rubber and unsaturated polyolefin rubber; the saturated polyolefin rubber is selected from ethylene-octene copolymer, polyethylene rubber, polypropylene rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, linear low-density polyethylene rubber, ethylene-butene rubber, and chlorinated polyethylene rubber; the unsaturated polyolefin rubber is selected from at least one of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and styrene-isoprene copolymer.

[0030] Specifically, the polyacrylonitrile rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins is selected from at least one of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, hydrogenated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, acrylonitrile isoprene rubber, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

[0031] Specifically, the polyacrylic rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins is selected from at least one of ethylene-acrylic acid polymers and ethylene-acrylic acid ionomers;

[0032] Specifically, the polyester rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins is selected from at least one of ethylene-acrylate rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate polymer, butadiene-acrylate rubber, ethylene-n-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, and methacrylate-butadiene-styrene type core / shell elastomers.

[0033] The polyamide resin is selected from at least one of aliphatic polyamide resin and semi-aromatic polyamide resin.

[0034] The aliphatic polyamide resin is selected from PA66, PA46, PA610, PA612, PA56, PA510, PA512, PA910, PA912, PA913, PA914, PA915, PA616, PA936, PA1010, PA1012, PA1013, PA1014, PA1210, PA1212, PA1213, PA1214, PA614, PA613, PA615, PA616, etc.

[0035] The semi-aromatic polyamide is selected from PA MXD6, PA10T, PA10T1010, PA10T66, PA6T, PA6T66, PA9T, etc.

[0036] The polylactam is selected from PA5, PA6, PA11, PA12, etc.

[0037] In the polyamide material of the present invention, the polyamide resin accounts for not less than 33 wt% of the total polyamide material.

[0038] The relative viscosity of the polyamide resin should be selected between 2.0 and 4.0, and concentrated sulfuric acid with a mass concentration of 96% should be used according to ISO 307:2007. The melting point range of the polyamide resin can be 170-330℃.

[0039] Depending on actual needs, 0-2 parts of additives may be added. The additives are selected from at least one of the following: release agent, antioxidant, lubricant, colorant, light stabilizer, antistatic agent, and anti-aging agent.

[0040] The method for preparing the polyamide material of the present invention includes the following steps: mixing the components evenly according to the formula, and granulating by extrusion through a twin-screw extruder. The screw temperature range can be selected as 250-330℃, and the rotation speed range can be selected as 100-800rpm, to obtain the polyamide material.

[0041] The polyamide material of the present invention is used for the transportation, distribution or storage of hydrogen.

[0042] The present invention also proposes a pipeline or container for transporting, distributing, or storing gases, comprising a material layer made of the aforementioned polyamide material. Preferably, the material layer structure is in direct contact with the gas. The material layer can be an inner lining structure, a layered structure, or a membrane structure of the pipeline or container.

[0043] In one embodiment, the pressure range of the gas is 0.3 to 100 MPa.

[0044] Preferably, the pipeline or container for transporting, distributing, or storing the gas is a pipeline or container for transporting, distributing, or storing hydrogen, including but not limited to pressurized hydrogen storage tanks and hydrogen transport pipelines. The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] Ketone carbonyl polymers containing alternating ketone units derived from olefinic comonomer repeating units and carbon monoxide repeating units can form hydrogen bonds with polyamides. The segmental structure of their olefinic comonomers is compatible with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and spontaneously distributes at the polyamide-polyethylene interface, reducing interfacial tension, improving polyethylene dispersion, reducing stress concentration, and enhancing infrared welding strength. Ketone carbonyl polymers also exhibit excellent crystallinity, improving the material's barrier properties. Because the compatibilizing effect of ketone carbonyl polymers reduces the use of rubber with olefin-derived repeating units grafted with active groups as reactive compatibilizers, the rubber with olefin-derived repeating units grafted with active groups is not excessively consumed in stabilizing the polyethylene interface. Therefore, the rubber phase can be better stabilized and dispersed, resulting in smaller rubber particles. As the particle size decreases, the critical stress for rubber interface disruption and cavitation exceeds the shear yield stress of the matrix, thus enabling it to withstand the pressure difference of hydrogen charge / discharge without cavitation or bubbling. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] The experimental materials used in this invention are sourced from the following sources:

[0048] PA66: EPR24, Pingdingshan Shenma, relative viscosity 2.4, melting point 264℃;

[0049] PA1012: PA1012, Shandong Guangyin, relative viscosity 2.4, melting point 178℃;

[0050] PA56: ECOPENT 1273 Resin, Kaisai Biotechnology, melting point 254℃, relative viscosity 2.3;

[0051] PA510: ECOPENT E-3102, Kaisai Biotechnology, melting point 214℃, relative viscosity 2.2;

[0052] PA6: HY-2500A, Jiangsu Haiyang Chemical Fiber, relative viscosity 2.4, melting point 222℃;

[0053] PA11: BMNO, Arkema, relative viscosity 2.4, melting point 188℃;

[0054] PA10T: Vicnyl 700, Kingfa Science & Technology, relative viscosity 2.2, melting point 316℃;

[0055] PA6T / 66: Kingfa Science & Technology's PA6T / 66, relative viscosity 2.3;

[0056] PA6T / 6I: PA6T / 6I, Kingfa Science & Technology, relative viscosity 2.3;

[0057] Rubber 1: MAH-g-SEBS, MAH content 0.1wt%, self-made;

[0058] Rubber 2: MAH-g-SEBS, MAH content 0.5wt%, self-made;

[0059] Rubber 3: MAH-g-SEBS, MAH content 2wt%, self-made;

[0060] Rubber 4: MAH-g-SEBS, MAH content 5wt%, self-made;

[0061] Rubber 5: MAH-grafted butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, MAH content 1.5wt%, self-made;

[0062] Rubber 6: MAH-grafted ethylene-acrylic acid polymer, MAH content 1wt%, self-made;

[0063] Rubber 7: MAH-grafted ethylene-acrylate rubber, MAH content 2.5wt%, self-made;

[0064] Rubber 8: GMA-g-SEBS, GMA content 0.1wt%, self-made;

[0065] Rubber 9: GMA-g-SEBS, GMA content 2wt%, self-made;

[0066] Rubber 10: GMA-g-SEBS, GMA content 8wt%, self-made;

[0067] Rubber 11: GMA-g-SEBS, GMA content 10wt%, self-made;

[0068] Rubber 12: GMA-grafted butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, GMA content 2.5wt%, self-made;

[0069] Rubber 13: GMA-grafted ethylene-acrylic acid polymer, GMA content 4wt%, self-made;

[0070] Rubber 14: GMA-grafted ethylene-acrylate rubber, GMA content 0.5wt%, self-made;

[0071] Rubber 15: SEBS, also a raw material for graft modification of the above-mentioned rubbers 1-4 and 8-11, TUFTEC M1913, manufactured by Asahi Kasei;

[0072] Rubber 16: Butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, which is also the raw material for graft modification of rubber 5 and rubber 12 mentioned above, Perbunan N, manufactured by ARLANXEO;

[0073] Rubber 17: Ethylene-acrylic acid polymer, also a raw material for graft modification of the above-mentioned rubber 6 and rubber 13, Primacor 1410, manufactured by Dow Chemical.

[0074] Rubber 18: Ethylene-acrylate rubber, which is also the raw material for graft modification of the above-mentioned rubbers 7 and 14, HytempAEM, manufacturer Zeon Corporation;

[0075] High-density polyethylene A: density is 0.96 g / cm³ 3 It has a melting point of 133℃, is grade PE100, and is manufactured by Saudi Basic Industries Corporation.

[0076] High-density polyethylene B: density is 0.95 g / cm³ 3 It has a melting point of 128°C, brand name Hostalen ACP 9255, and is manufactured in Basel.

[0077] Medium-density polyethylene: density is 0.93 g / cm³ 3 It has a melting point of 125°C, is grade MPE930, and is manufactured by Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC).

[0078] LDPE: density is 0.925 g / cm³ 3 It has a melting point of 110℃, is grade LDPE 2426H, and is manufactured by Sinopec.

[0079] LLDPE: density is 0.917 g / cm³ 3 It has a melting point of 124℃, the grade is LLDPE PE2309, and the manufacturer is ExxonMobil.

[0080] Antioxidant: 4,4'-Di(phenylisopropyl)diphenylamine, commercially available;

[0081] Lubricant: Dipentaerythritol, YIHUA;

[0082] Release agent: Silicone masterbatch, MB50-002.

[0083] Ketone carbonyl polymer AJ: A copolymer of carbon monoxide and olefin comonomers was prepared according to patent CN1035120A (the molar ratio of olefin comonomers is specified).

[0084]

[0085] Preparation method of polyamide composite material in the examples and comparative examples: According to the formula, the components are mixed evenly and extruded and granulated by twin-screw extruder. The screw temperature range is 250-300℃ (the highest temperature of the screw barrel is the melting point of polyamide +20℃) and the rotation speed range is 450rpm to obtain polyamide composite material.

[0086] Test methods:

[0087] (1) Hydrogen Barrier Properties: Hydrogen permeability testing is typically performed using a gas permeameter, based on steady-state or unsteady-state permeation principles. During the test, a 4mm thick sample is placed between two isolated chambers. One chamber is filled with high-pressure hydrogen (4MPa), while the other is kept at low pressure or under vacuum. In steady-state testing, the amount of hydrogen permeating through a unit area of ​​material per unit time is calculated by measuring the gas flow rate on the low-pressure side, combined with the sample thickness, gas pressure difference, and temperature. The permeability coefficient is expressed in mol·m / m². 2 The permeability coefficient is expressed in ·s·Pa. This invention requires a permeability coefficient lower than 4 × 10⁻⁶. -16 mol·m / m 2 ·s·Pa.

[0088] (2) Bubbling behavior during hydrogen cycling test: The sample was injection molded into a template with a thickness of 80mm × 10mm × 4mm. According to the hydrogen cycling test method in GB / T 42610-2023, the following experimental steps were set: Cycling pressure conditions: The ambient temperature was adjusted to 23℃, and the sample was placed in a hydrogen environment within a specific pressure range of 3MPa to 70MPa. Multiple slow pressurization cycles (completed within 30min) and depressurization cycles (completed within 5min) were performed, with a total of 100 cycles. The performance of the sample was evaluated. Observation of bubble formation: During the cycling process, the material was closely observed for bubbling or pores, especially during the depressurization process. Usually, the formation of bubbles is caused by the local pressure generated by hydrogen inside or on the surface of the material. Then, the sample was removed and cryogenically sliced ​​using liquid nitrogen. The presence of pores in the cut surface was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The ability to resist bubbling during the hydrogen cycling test was judged based on the number of pores. When the number of holes with a diameter greater than 0.5μm and less than 5μm is less than 1, the grade is 1; when the number of holes is greater than or equal to 1 and less than 5, the grade is 2; when the number of holes is greater than or equal to 5 and less than 10, the grade is 3, which is acceptable; when the number of holes is greater than or equal to 10, the grade is 5; when a hole with a diameter greater than or equal to 5μm and less than 50μm appears, the grade is 6; when a hole with a diameter greater than or equal to 50μm appears, the grade is 7.

[0089] (3) Evaluation of Infrared Welding Strength: Polyamide material was injection molded into 60mm×14mm×2mm strips, and both ends of the strips were melted by infrared heating. Then, the melted ends of the two strips were brought into contact with each other, pressure was applied, and the contact depth at the molten position was controlled to be 1-5mm for welding to obtain welded strips. The tensile strength of the welding rod was then tested according to ISO527-2:2012, and the fracture point was observed. If the fracture point of the welding rod is the tensile strength of the strip body, it is a body fracture, which is the best. If the fracture point of the welding rod is the infrared welding point, the tensile strength of the welding rod at the time of breakage was recorded, and the tensile strength of the strip was tested. The infrared welding strength percentage was calculated as: tensile strength of welding rod / tensile strength of tensile strip * 100%. The requirement was met when the infrared welding strength percentage was > 80%.

[0090] Table 1: Weight parts of each component and test results of the polyamide composite material in the examples

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Continued from Table 1:

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Continued from Table 1:

[0097]

[0098] Continued from Table 1:

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] As can be seen from Examples 5 / 10-22, when the content of active rubber groups is preferred and polyolefin rubber is preferred, the infrared welding strength is improved, the anti-foaming performance is better, and the hydrogen barrier properties are better.

[0102] Continued from Table 1:

[0103]

[0104]

[0105] As can be seen from Examples 5 / 24-32, the performance is better when the ketone carbonyl content is optimized.

[0106] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the permeability coefficient of the polyamide material of the present invention is less than 4.0 × 10⁻⁶. -16mol·m / m 2 The infrared welding strength percentage reaches over 80%, and the anti-bubbling effect reaches level 2 or above.

[0107] Table 2: Weight parts of each component and test results of polyamide composites in Comparative Examples 1-7

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] As can be seen from Comparative Examples 1-4, the compatibility of rubber grafted without active groups with high-density polyethylene and polyamide is insufficient, resulting in poor hydrogen barrier properties, poor foaming during hydrogen cycling tests, and also affecting the infrared welding strength.

[0111] As can be seen from Comparative Examples 5-7, non-high-density polyethylene has poor gas barrier properties in this patented solution, especially poor foaming during the hydrogen cycling test.

[0112] Table 2 (Continued): Weight parts of each component and test results of polyamide composites in Comparative Examples 8-11

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] As shown in Comparative Example 8, the absence of high-density polyethylene cannot improve the reduced hydrogen barrier properties caused by rubber, resulting in poor foaming during the hydrogen cycling test.

[0116] As shown in Comparative Example 9, the infrared welding performance is insufficient when the polymer does not contain ketone carbonyl groups.

[0117] As shown in Comparative Example 10, if the content of ketone carbonyl polymer is too high, it will also impair the infrared welding performance.

[0118] As can be seen from Comparative Example 11, the properties are poor when high-density polyethylene and ketone carbonyl polymers are not present.

Claims

1. A polyamide material, characterized in that, By weight, it includes the following components: 59-71 parts of polyamide resin; 3-30 parts of rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins grafted with active groups; 0.5-10 parts of high-density polyethylene; 5-60 parts of ketone carbonyl polymer; The ketone carbonyl polymers are selected from compounds containing alternating ketone units derived from olefinic comonomer repeating units and carbon monoxide repeating units. The ketone carbonyl content of the ketone carbonyl polymers is determined to be 35wt%-70wt% by elemental analysis. The active group is selected from maleic anhydride group and epoxy group; In the maleic anhydride-grafted rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins, the maleic anhydride group accounts for 0.5 wt%-2 wt% of the weight of the maleic anhydride-grafted rubber. In the epoxy group-grafted rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins, the epoxy group accounts for 2wt%-8wt% of the weight of the epoxy group-grafted rubber.

2. The polyamide material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The density range of the high-density polyethylene is 0.93 g / cm³. 3 -0.97 g / cm 3 .

3. The polyamide material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The olefinic comonomer is selected from one or more of ethylene, propylene, butene, hexene, octene, decene, dodecene, tetradecene, hexadecene, and octadecene.

4. The polyamide material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins is selected from at least one of polyolefin rubbers, polyacrylonitrile rubbers containing repeating units derived from olefins, polyacrylic rubbers containing repeating units derived from olefins, and polyester rubbers containing repeating units derived from olefins.

5. The polyamide material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins is selected from polyolefin rubbers.

6. The polyamide material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The polyolefin rubber is selected from at least one of saturated polyolefin rubber and unsaturated polyolefin rubber; the saturated polyolefin rubber is selected from ethylene-octene copolymer, polyethylene rubber, polypropylene rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene-butene rubber, and chlorinated polyethylene rubber; the unsaturated polyolefin rubber is selected from at least one of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and styrene-isoprene copolymer. The polyacrylonitrile rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins is selected from at least one of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, hydrogenated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, acrylonitrile isoprene rubber, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer. The polyacrylic rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins is selected from at least one of ethylene-acrylic acid polymers and ethylene-acrylic acid ionomers; The polyester rubber containing repeating units derived from olefins is selected from at least one of ethylene-acrylate rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate polymer, butadiene-acrylate rubber, ethylene-n-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, and methacrylate-butadiene-styrene type core / shell elastomers.

7. The polyamide material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The polyolefin rubber is selected from saturated polyolefin rubber; the saturated polyolefin rubber is linear low-density polyethylene rubber.

8. The polyamide material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyamide resin is selected from at least one of aliphatic polyamide resin and semi-aromatic polyamide resin; by weight, it also includes 0-2 parts of additives, which are selected from at least one of mold release agent, antioxidant, and lubricant.

9. A method for preparing the polyamide material according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: According to the formula, the components are mixed evenly, extruded and granulated to obtain polyamide material.

10. The application of the polyamide material according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Used for transporting, distributing, or storing hydrogen.

11. A pipeline or container for transporting, distributing, or storing gases, characterized in that, A material layer containing the polyamide material according to any one of claims 1-8 or the polyamide material prepared by the preparation method according to claim 9.

Images