High-strength prestressed anchorage device for railway engineering

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pre-stressed anchorage devices, and discloses a high-strength pre-stressed anchorage device for railway engineering, which comprises an anchor backing plate, a spiral bar, an anchor cable, a clamping piece and a working anchor plate, the working anchor plate is mounted in the anchor backing plate, a mandrel is coaxially and rotatably mounted in the anchor backing plate, and the mandrel can rotate around the axis of the mandrel; the core shaft and the working anchor plate are connected through a connecting assembly, and when the core shaft is screwed, the connecting assembly can drive the working anchor plate to move outwards in the axial lead direction of the anchor bearing plate; by means of the connecting assembly, after construction is finished, pulling force can be applied to the anchor cable again, so that the anchoring performance of the prestressed anchorage device is improved, tightening of the anchor cable can be removed, the clamping force of the clamping piece on the anchor cable is weakened, the clamping force between the clamping piece and the clamping hole is also weakened, the clamping piece is pulled out more easily, and the anchoring performance of the prestressed anchorage device is improved. In this way, the prestressed anchorage device can be adjusted after construction is finished.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prestressed anchors, and particularly to a high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering. Background Art

[0002] A prestressed anchor refers to a permanent anchoring device used in prestressed concrete, which is an anchor tool for maintaining the tension of prestressed tendons and transmitting it to the interior of concrete. It is commonly used in highway bridges, railway bridges, urban interchanges, high-rise buildings, rock slope anchoring, etc. According to the construction method, it is divided into the pre-tensioning method and the post-tensioning method. In the post-tensioning method, concrete is first poured, and cable duct holes are reserved in the concrete. After the concrete reaches a certain strength, the cables are threaded through, and the steel strand cables are tensioned and anchored, thereby applying pre-compressive stress to the concrete structure. According to the different structural configurations, it is divided into two types: bonded and unbonded. Bonded means that the steel strands are bonded to the surrounding concrete, and unbonded means that the steel strands are coated with anti-lubricating oil and wrapped with polyvinyl chloride sleeves, so that the steel strands are completely separated from the concrete. However, over time, large tensile deformations will occur in the steel strands in the later stage, resulting in weakened tension at both ends of the steel strands, and thus the pre-compressive stress applied to the concrete structure becomes weaker. Also, since it is very difficult to adjust the prestressed anchor after use, therefore, the weakening of the pre-compressive stress easily leads to the weakening of the anchoring performance of the prestressed anchor, which needs to be improved.

[0003] In addition, when the existing prestressed anchors are in use, first install the anchor backing plate and spiral reinforcement, then pour the concrete, insert the cable into the anchor backing plate, insert the wedge-shaped grip, then use a positioner to limit the movement of the wedge-shaped grip, and use tools such as a jack to clamp and tension the cable. After the tensioning is completed, remove the jack. The wedge-shaped grip retracts and clamps the cable under the cable tension. In this process, if the construction is improper, for example, the jack does not clamp one or several cables, or the tensioning distance is not enough, then after the construction is completed, the pre-compressive stress applied by the cable to the concrete structure will not meet the requirements. Also, since the wedge-shaped grip retracts and clamps the cable under the cable tension, it is very difficult to remove the wedge-shaped grip and the cable for re-construction.

[0004] Based on the above, the present invention proposes a high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the problems mentioned in the above background, the present invention provides a high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows.

[0007] A high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering, comprising an anchor backing plate, a spiral rib, a cable, a wedge and a working anchor plate. The working anchor plate is installed in the anchor backing plate. A mandrel is coaxially and rotatably installed in the anchor backing plate, and the mandrel can rotate around its own axis. The connection between the mandrel and the working anchor plate is realized through a connection component. When the mandrel is screwed, the connection component can drive the working anchor plate to move outward along the axis of the anchor backing plate.

[0008] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, a cable channel and a core hole are penetrated through the end of the anchor backing plate. A plurality of cable channels are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the anchor backing plate. The core hole is coaxial with the anchor backing plate. The mandrel is installed in the core hole. One end of the mandrel extends out of the anchor backing plate and is provided with a nut. An installation groove is also coaxially arranged at the end of the anchor backing plate close to the nut. The installation groove is communicated with the cable channel;

[0009] The working anchor plate is slidably sleeved in the installation groove along the axis of the anchor backing plate. The working anchor plate is in the shape of an annular body. An inner shoulder is arranged on the inner ring surface of the working anchor plate. A first spring is sleeved outside the mandrel between the inner shoulder and the nut. A clamping hole is penetrated through the end of the working anchor plate. A plurality of clamping holes are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the working anchor plate. The number of the clamping holes, the wedges, the cables and the cable channels is the same.

[0010] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, the part of the mandrel located in the installation groove is provided with an external thread, and the part of the mandrel provided with the external thread is named a threaded section;

[0011] The connection component includes a nut threadedly installed outside the threaded section. The nut and the first spring are respectively located on both sides of the inner shoulder;

[0012] The connection component further includes a connection part located between the bottom of the installation groove and the working anchor plate.

[0013] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, a plurality of groups of connection parts are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the mandrel.

[0014] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, the connection part includes a one-way block slidably installed in the installation groove along the axis of the anchor backing plate. A second spring is arranged between the one-way block and the bottom of the installation groove. A driving block exists between the one-way block, the nut and the working anchor plate. The driving block can move radially along the mandrel.

[0015] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, a first inclined surface is arranged on the side of the driving block facing the nut, and a second inclined surface is arranged on the side of the nut facing the driving block. The first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are attached. The distance between the second inclined surface and the axis of the mandrel increases along the axis of the mandrel and from the bottom of the installation groove to the direction of the working anchor plate.

[0016] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, the end surface of the working anchor plate facing the bottom of the installation groove includes an inner plane perpendicular to the axis of the anchor plate and an outer arc surface located on the side of the inner plane away from the axis of the anchor plate, the inner plane is perpendicular to the axis of the anchor plate, the outer arc surface is located on the side of the inner plane facing the bottom of the installation groove, and the distance between the outer arc surface and the axis of the anchor plate decreases along the direction of the axis of the anchor plate and from the bottom of the installation groove to the working anchor plate;

[0017] A lifting arc surface is arranged on one side of the driving block away from the axis line of the anchor plate, and the lifting arc surface is fitted with the outer arc surface of the working anchor plate.

[0018] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, initially, the inner plane of the working anchor plate is in contact with the side of the driving block that is away from the bottom of the installation groove.

[0019] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, a tooth groove is provided on one side of the driving block facing the bottom of the installation groove, and a plurality of tooth grooves are arranged in an array along the movement direction of the driving block, and two groove walls of the tooth groove along the movement direction of the driving block are respectively an inclined groove wall close to the core shaft and a flat groove wall away from the core shaft, and the inclined groove wall is parallel to the inclined surface 1;

[0020] A convex tooth is arranged on one side of the one-way block away from the bottom of the installation groove, and a plurality of convex teeth are arranged in an array along the moving direction of the driving block. Initially, some of the convex teeth are located in the corresponding tooth grooves, and the two side surfaces of the convex teeth along the moving direction of the driving block are respectively in contact with the two groove walls of the tooth groove along the moving direction of the driving block;

[0021] The one-way block and the driving block are both provided with avoidance gaps for avoiding the anchor cables.

[0022] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, a plug hole is provided through the end surface of the working anchor plate, and the axis of the plug hole intersects with the end surface of the one-way block.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] During normal construction, the connection components do not need to be driven and triggered by the staff;

[0025] When the construction is completed, if the prestressed anchor is used for a long time, resulting in large tensile deformation of the anchor cable in the later stage, the tensile force at both ends of the anchor cable becomes weak, and the pre-compressive stress applied to the concrete structure becomes weak, that is, the anchoring performance becomes weak. Workers can drive the mandrel to rotate by screwing the nut with a tool, so that the thread nut moves closer to the bottom of the installation groove. Through the cooperation of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface, the thread nut can drive the driving block to move away from the axis line of the mandrel. Through the cooperation of the jacking arc surface and the outer arc surface, the driving block can drive the working anchor plate to move unidirectionally away from the bottom of the installation groove. The movement of the working anchor plate can apply tension to the anchor cable again, thereby improving the anchoring performance of the prestressed anchor. Further, while screwing the nut, if workers limit the movement of the wedge by using the existing limiter technology, the clamping and fixing of the wedge to the anchor cable can be further improved;

[0026] During the construction process, if the construction is improper, for example, the jack does not clamp one or several anchor cables tightly, or the tensioning distance is not enough, after the construction is completed, the pre-compressive stress applied by the anchor cable to the concrete structure will not meet the requirements. At this time, as long as the concrete has not been poured, workers can insert a tool into the jacking hole to push the one-way block to move closer to the bottom of the installation groove. The tool can be a toroid, and the end face of the toroid extends with insertion rods. There are several insertion rods corresponding to the jacking holes. By inserting the insertion rods into the jacking holes, the one-way blocks of all connecting components are pushed to move closer to the bottom of the installation groove at the same time. At this time, the anchor cable is no longer taut. Then, by using the existing technology to limit the movement of the toroid and keep it in the current state unchanged, and then pulling out the wedge with a tool, such as a long-handled clamp. Since the anchor cable is no longer taut at this time, the clamping force of the wedge on the anchor cable becomes weak, and the clamping force between the wedge and the clamping hole also becomes weak, making it easier to pull out the wedge. Finally, the prestressed anchor is re-constructed.

[0027] In addition, it should be noted that in the connection component of the present application, the thread nut and the mandrel are only responsible for driving. During normal construction, the working anchor plate is limited by the cooperation of the one-way block and the driving block. The significance is to avoid damage to the threaded connection between the thread nut and the mandrel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Structural schematic of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 Structural schematic of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 3 Cross-section of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 4 Cross-section of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the anchor backing plate, the mandrel and the working anchor plate;

[0033] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the working anchor plate and the connecting assembly;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting component.

[0035] The reference numerals in the drawings are:

[0036] 100, anchor backing plate; 101, spiral reinforcement; 102, cable; 103, wedge; 104, working anchor plate; 1041, wedge hole; 1042, socket; 1043, inner shaft shoulder; 105, mandrel; 1051, nut; 106, connecting assembly; 1061, screw nut; 1062, driving block; 1063, one-way block; 1064, second spring; 107, cable channel; 108, first spring. Specific embodiments

[0037] In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following will, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, describe in detail the specific embodiments, structures, features and their effects of the present invention as follows.

[0038] In this application, high strength means that after long-term use, high-strength anchoring performance can still be maintained.

[0039] Refer to Figures 1-7 , a high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering, including an anchor backing plate 100, a spiral reinforcement 101, a cable 102, a wedge 103 and a working anchor plate 104. Among them, the working anchor plate 104 is installed in the anchor backing plate 100, and a mandrel 105 is coaxially and rotatably installed in the anchor backing plate 100. The mandrel 105 can rotate around its own axis. The mandrel 105 and the working anchor plate 104 are connected by a connecting assembly 106. When the mandrel 105 is screwed, the connecting assembly 106 can drive the working anchor plate 104 to move outward along the axis of the anchor backing plate 100. The spiral reinforcement 101, the cable 102 and the wedge 103 are all components of the existing prestressed anchor and can be realized by the prior art, so they will not be elaborated.

[0040] Refer to Figure 5 And Figure 6, a cable hole 107 and a core hole are provided through the end of the anchor backing plate 100. Among them, a plurality of cable holes 107 are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the anchor backing plate 100. The core hole is coaxial with the anchor backing plate 100. The core shaft 105 is installed in the core hole. One end of the core shaft 105 extends out of the anchor backing plate 100 and is provided with a nut 1051. An installation groove is also coaxially provided at the end of the anchor backing plate 100 close to the nut 1051. The installation groove communicates with the cable hole 107.

[0041] The working anchor plate 104 is slidably sleeved in the installation groove along the axis direction of the anchor backing plate 100. The working anchor plate 104 is in the shape of an annular body. An inner shaft shoulder 1043 is provided on the inner ring surface of the working anchor plate 104. A first spring 108 is sleeved outside the core shaft 105 between the inner shaft shoulder 1043 and the nut 1051.

[0042] Clamping holes 1041 are provided through the end of the working anchor plate 104. A plurality of clamping holes 1041 are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the working anchor plate 104. The number of the clamping holes 1041, the wedge-shaped pieces 103, the cables 102 and the cable holes 107 is the same.

[0043] During normal construction and use, like the prior art, first place the anchor backing plate 100 and the spiral reinforcement 101 well, then pour concrete. Then, after the end of the cable 102 passes through the reserved pipeline, it continues to pass through the cable hole 107 and the clamping hole 1041. Then insert the wedge-shaped pieces 103 into the clamping holes 1041. The cable 102 is located inside the wedge-shaped pieces 103. Then limit the movement of the wedge-shaped pieces 103 through a stopper, clamp the cable 102 through a jack, and start to tension it outwards. After the tensioning is completed, remove the jack. The wedge-shaped pieces 103 retract under the tension of the cable 102 and clamp the cable 102. Finally, cut off the redundant cable 102. This process is the same as the use process of the existing unbonded prestressed anchor, and will not be elaborated too much. In addition, since the cable 102 will pull the wedge-shaped pieces 103 inwards, causing the wedge-shaped pieces 103 to retract and clamp the cable 102, therefore, the working anchor plate 104 receives a force towards the inside of the anchor backing plate 100. And due to the limitation of the connecting assembly 106, the working anchor plate 104 will not move inwards. That is, the use of the prestressed anchor of the present application is equivalent to the use of the prestressed anchor in the prior art.

[0044] Refer to Figure 5 , the part of the core shaft 105 located in the installation groove is provided with an external thread, named the threaded section. The connecting assembly 106 includes a nut 1061 threadedly installed outside the threaded section. The nut 1061 and the first spring 108 are respectively located on both sides of the inner shaft shoulder 1043.

[0045] The connecting assembly 106 further includes a connecting component between the bottom of the installation groove and the working anchor plate 104. Preferably, a plurality of groups of connecting components are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the core shaft 105.

[0046] The connecting parts include a one-way block 1063 which is slidably installed in the installation groove along the axial direction of the anchor plate 100, a spring 1064 is arranged between the one-way block 1063 and the bottom of the installation groove, and a driving block 1062 is present between the one-way block 1063, the nut 1061 and the working anchor plate 104, and the driving block 1062 can move along the radial direction of the core shaft 105.

[0047] A slope one is provided on the side of the driving block 1062 facing the nut 1061, and a slope two is provided on the side of the nut 1061 facing the driving block 1062. The slope one is in contact with the slope two, and the distance between the slope two and the axis line of the core shaft 105 increases along the axis line direction of the core shaft 105 and from the bottom of the installation groove to the direction of the working anchor plate 104. Therefore, when the nut 1051 is screwed to drive the core shaft 105 to rotate, thereby driving the nut 1061 to move close to the bottom of the installation groove, the driving block 1062 can be driven to move away from the axis line of the core shaft 105 through the cooperation of the slope one and the slope two.

[0048] The end surface of the working anchor plate 104 facing the bottom of the installation groove includes an inner plane perpendicular to the axis of the anchor plate 100 and an outer arc surface located on the side of the inner plane away from the axis of the anchor plate 100, wherein the inner plane is perpendicular to the axis of the anchor plate 100, the outer arc surface is located on the side of the inner plane facing the bottom of the installation groove, and the distance between the outer arc surface and the axis of the anchor plate 100 decreases along the direction of the axis of the anchor plate 100 and from the bottom of the installation groove to the working anchor plate 104.

[0049] A lifting arc surface is provided on the side of the driving block 1062 away from the axis line of the anchor plate 100, and the lifting arc surface is in contact with the outer arc surface of the working anchor plate 104. When the driving block 1062 moves away from the axis line of the core shaft 105, the working anchor plate 104 can be driven to move away from the bottom of the installation groove through the cooperation between the lifting arc surface and the outer arc surface. Preferably, initially, the inner plane of the working anchor plate is in contact with the side of the driving block 1062 away from the bottom of the installation groove. The significance of this is that during normal use, the connecting component 106 is required to limit the working anchor plate 104 from moving close to the bottom of the installation groove. Therefore, in the present application, the restriction purpose is achieved by the driving block 1062.

[0050] Reference Figure 7 A tooth groove is provided on one side of the driving block 1062 facing the bottom of the mounting groove, and a plurality of tooth grooves are arranged in an array along the movement direction of the driving block 1062. The two groove walls of the tooth groove along the movement direction of the driving block 1062 are respectively an inclined groove wall close to the core shaft 105 and a flat groove wall away from the core shaft 105, and the inclined groove wall is parallel to the inclined surface 1.

[0051] On one side of the one-way block 1063 away from the bottom of the installation groove, there are convex teeth. A number of convex teeth are arranged in an array along the movement direction of the driving block 1062. Initially, some convex teeth are located in the corresponding tooth grooves, and the two side surfaces of the convex teeth along the movement direction of the driving block 1062 are respectively attached to the two groove walls of the tooth groove along the movement direction of the driving block 1062. In this way, through the cooperation of the one-way block 1063 and the second spring 1064, a one-way movement structure can be formed to enable the driving block 1062 to only move away from the axis of the mandrel 105.

[0052] Avoidance notches for avoiding the anchor cable 102 are provided on both the one-way block 1063 and the driving block 1062.

[0053] Refer to Figure 4 And Figure 5 , a jack hole 1042 is also penetrated through the end face of the working anchor plate 104. The axis line of the jack hole 1042 intersects with the end face of the one-way block 1063, and a number of jack holes 1042 are provided corresponding to the connecting components.

[0054] During normal construction use, the connecting assembly 106 does not need to be triggered by the staff.

[0055] When the construction is completed and the prestressed anchor is used for a long time, resulting in large tensile deformation of the anchor cable 102 in the later stage, the tensile force at both ends of the anchor cable 102 becomes weak, and the precompression stress applied to the concrete structure becomes weak, that is, the anchoring performance becomes weak. The staff can drive the mandrel 105 to rotate by screwing the nut 1051 with a tool, so that the wire nut 1061 moves closer to the bottom of the installation groove. Through the cooperation of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface, the wire nut 1061 can drive the driving block 1062 to move away from the axis of the mandrel 105. Through the cooperation of the jacking arc surface and the outer arc surface, the driving block 1062 can drive the working anchor plate 104 to move in a one-way manner away from the bottom of the installation groove. The movement of the working anchor plate 104 can apply a tensile force to the anchor cable 102 again, thereby improving the anchoring performance of the prestressed anchor. Further, when screwing the nut 1051, if the staff restricts the movement of the wedge 103 through the existing limiter technology, the clamping and fixing of the wedge 103 to the anchor cable 102 can be further improved.

[0056] During the construction process, if the construction is improper, for example, the jack does not clamp one or several anchor cables, or the tensioning distance is insufficient, then after the construction is completed, the pre-stress applied by the anchor cable to the concrete structure will not meet the requirements. At this time, the staff can insert a tool into the jacking hole 1042 to push the one-way block 1063 to move closer to the bottom of the installation groove. The tool can be an annular body, and the end face of the annular body extends with insertion rods. A plurality of insertion rods are provided corresponding to the jacking holes 1042. By inserting the insertion rods into the jacking holes 1042, the one-way blocks 1063 of all connecting components are pushed to move closer to the bottom of the installation groove simultaneously. At this time, the anchor cable 102 is no longer taut. Then, the movement of the annular body is restricted by the prior art to keep the current state unchanged. Then, the wedge 103 is pulled out by a tool, such as a long-handled clamp. Since the anchor cable 102 is no longer taut at this time, the clamping force of the wedge 103 on the anchor cable 102 becomes weaker, and the clamping force between the wedge 103 and the clamping hole 1041 also becomes weaker, making it easier to pull out the wedge 103;

[0057] In addition, it should be noted that in the connection assembly 106 of the present application, the wire nut 1061 and the core shaft 105 are only responsible for driving. During normal construction, the working anchor plate 104 is limited by the cooperation of the one-way block 1063 and the driving block 1062. The significance lies in avoiding damage to the threaded connection between the wire nut 1061 and the core shaft 105.

[0058] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it does not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments by using the disclosed technical content within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any brief modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering, comprising an anchor plate (100), a spiral rib (101), an anchor cable (102) and a clip (103), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a working anchor plate (104), wherein the working anchor plate (104) is installed in the anchor plate (100), wherein a core shaft (105) is coaxially installed in the anchor plate (100), wherein the core shaft (105) can rotate around its own axis, and the core shaft (105) and the working anchor plate (104) are connected via a connecting assembly (106), and when the core shaft (105) is screwed, the connecting assembly (106) can drive the working anchor plate (104) to move outward along the axis direction of the anchor plate (100).

2. A high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anchor cable channel (107) and a core hole are provided through the end of the anchor plate (100), a plurality of anchor cable channels (107) are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the anchor plate (100), the core hole is coaxial with the anchor plate (100), a core shaft (105) is installed in the core hole, one end of the core shaft (105) extends out of the anchor plate (100) and is provided with a nut (1051), and an installation groove is coaxially provided at the end of the anchor plate (100) near the nut (1051), and the installation groove is communicated with the anchor cable channel (107); The working anchor plate (104) is slidably sleeved in the installation groove along the axis direction of the anchor pad (100), the working anchor plate (104) is in the shape of a circular ring, the inner ring surface of the working anchor plate (104) is provided with an inner shaft shoulder (1043), the outer sleeve of the core shaft (105) is provided with a spring 1 (108) located between the inner shaft shoulder (1043) and the nut (1051), the end of the working anchor plate (104) is penetrated by a clamping hole (1041), and a plurality of clamping holes (1041) are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the working anchor plate (104), and the number of the clamping holes (1041), the clamping sheet (103), the anchor cable (102) and the anchor cable channel (107) is the same.

3. A high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The portion of the mandrel (105) located in the installation groove is provided with an external thread and the portion of the mandrel (105) provided with the external thread is named as a threaded section; The connection assembly (106) comprises a nut (1061) threadedly mounted on the outside of the threaded section, and the nut (1061) and the spring 1 (108) are respectively located on both sides of the inner shaft shoulder (1043); The connection assembly (106) also includes a connection component located between the bottom of the installation groove and the working anchor plate (104).

4. A high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting parts are arranged in a plurality of groups in an array along the circumferential direction of the core shaft (105).

5. A high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting component comprises a one-way block (1063) slidably installed in the installation groove along the axis direction of the anchor plate (100); a second spring (1064) is arranged between the one-way block (1063) and the bottom of the installation groove; a driving block (1062) is arranged between the one-way block (1063), the nut (1061) and the working anchor plate (104); and the driving block (1062) can move along the radial direction of the core shaft (105).

6. A high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first inclined surface is provided on the side of the driving block (1062) facing the nut (1061), and a second inclined surface is provided on the side of the nut (1061) facing the driving block (1062). The first inclined surface is in contact with the second inclined surface, and the distance between the second inclined surface and the axis of the core shaft (105) increases along the axis of the core shaft (105) and from the bottom of the installation groove to the direction of the working anchor plate (104).

7. A high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end surface of the working anchor plate (104) facing the bottom of the installation groove comprises an inner plane perpendicular to the axis of the anchor plate (100) and an outer arc surface located on the side of the inner plane away from the axis of the anchor plate (100), the inner plane is perpendicular to the axis of the anchor plate (100), the outer arc surface is located on the side of the inner plane facing the bottom of the installation groove, and the distance between the outer arc surface and the axis of the anchor plate (100) decreases along the direction of the axis of the anchor plate (100) and from the bottom of the installation groove to the working anchor plate (104); A lifting arc surface is provided on the side of the driving block (1062) away from the axis of the anchor plate (100), and the lifting arc surface is in contact with the outer arc surface of the working anchor plate (104).

8. A high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: Initially, the inner plane of the working anchor plate is in contact with the side of the driving block (1062) facing away from the bottom of the installation groove.

9. A high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: A tooth groove is arranged on one side of the driving block (1062) facing the bottom of the installation groove, and a plurality of tooth grooves are arranged in an array along the movement direction of the driving block (1062), and two groove walls of the tooth groove along the movement direction of the driving block (1062) are respectively an inclined groove wall close to the core shaft (105) and a flat groove wall away from the core shaft (105), and the inclined groove wall is parallel to the inclined surface 1; A convex tooth is arranged on one side of the one-way block (1063) away from the bottom of the installation groove, and a plurality of convex teeth are arranged in an array along the movement direction of the driving block (1062). Initially, some of the convex teeth are located in the tooth grooves corresponding thereto, and the two side surfaces of the convex teeth along the movement direction of the driving block (1062) are respectively in contact with the two groove walls of the tooth groove along the movement direction of the driving block (1062); The one-way block (1063) and the driving block (1062) are both provided with an avoidance notch for avoiding the anchor cable (102).

10. A high-strength prestressed anchor for railway engineering according to claim 9, characterized in that: The end surface of the working anchor plate (104) is penetrated by an insertion hole (1042), and the axis of the insertion hole (1042) intersects with the end surface of the one-way block (1063).

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