Photovoltaic roof, preparation method thereof and roof mounting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic roof, a preparation method thereof and a roof mounting method, and relates to the field of photovoltaic building integration. The photovoltaic roof comprises a plurality of installation units which are spliced with each other, each installation unit comprises two arc-shaped supports which are oppositely arranged, a plurality of flat photovoltaic tiles are fixed between the two arc-shaped supports in the arc-shaped direction, a bent arc connecting piece is arranged between every two adjacent flat photovoltaic tiles, and the bent arc connecting pieces are used for connecting the flat photovoltaic tiles on the two sides of the bent arc connecting pieces. The two sides, not in contact with the flat photovoltaic tiles, of the bent arc connecting piece are connected with the arc-shaped supports respectively. The invention further provides a preparation method and an installation method of the photovoltaic roof, while the photovoltaic roof of the curved surface structure is provided, multiple factors such as curved surface radian are considered, the installation method such as a photovoltaic tile connection string mode is optimized, the defect that the curved surface structure greatly reduces the generating capacity of photovoltaic tiles is greatly improved, the product structure is stable, and the service life is long; the problems that in the prior art, generating capacity is greatly reduced, production cost is high, and product life is short are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of building-integrated photovoltaics, and particularly to a photovoltaic roof and a preparation method thereof, and a roof installation method. Background Art

[0002] The application of photovoltaic products in buildings has always been a research hotspot. Especially in the past two years, with the strong implementation of the national "dual carbon" policy and the gradual increase in the support for green buildings, the application demand for photovoltaic products in buildings and even the number of related patent applications have shown an explosive growth. When it comes to photovoltaic products applied in buildings, they are divided into two types: building-attached photovoltaic products (i.e., BAPV, Building Attached Photovoltaic), and building-integrated photovoltaic products (i.e., BIPV, Building Integrated Photovoltaic). Among them, BAPV directly installs the existing photovoltaic products on the outer surface of the building, and the photovoltaic products do not undertake functions such as wind and rain protection, heat insulation, and structural load-bearing of traditional building materials.

[0003] The BIPV products, on the other hand, are products that simultaneously possess the two functional attributes of photovoltaic and building materials. And the installation positions of BIPV products on buildings are usually the installation positions of traditional building materials, and they also undertake functions such as wind and rain protection, heat insulation, and structural load-bearing of traditional building materials. Since most buildings have a design life of more than 70 years, this also requires that the building materials used should also reach a service life of more than 70 years as much as possible. However, most of the photovoltaic products on the market have a design life of only 25 - 30 years, failing to meet the ultra-long life requirements of building materials. Therefore, from the perspective of the overall aesthetics of the building and the long life of the building, many architects prefer to use BIPV products. In addition, in the mid-latitude and low-latitude regions where our country is located, the building roof has better solar irradiation conditions compared to the building facade. Therefore, the application of BIPV products on the building roof has always been a market hot topic. And the so-called photovoltaic tiles usually refer to BIPV products applied to the building roof.

[0004] In the roof design of modern buildings, many designers like to apply curved surface elements in order to pursue the artistic expressiveness of the building. A typical example is the "egg-shaped" roof design of the National Grand Theatre.

[0005] Existing photovoltaic roof-related technologies, such as the invention patent with publication number CN106996164A: A photovoltaic building curved tile assembly and its production process, and a series of similar patents, such as the invention patent with publication number CN108988747A: A double-glass photovoltaic tile and its preparation method, the utility model patent with publication number CN208028074U: A curved photovoltaic tile, etc., are made of curved glass combined with flexible photovoltaic cells. However, the use of curved glass in this type of technology has high requirements for laminating equipment, and usually requires the use of autoclaves for laminating production. It is impossible to use the mainstream flat laminator in the current photovoltaic industry for production, resulting in high production costs.

[0006] Existing photovoltaic roof-related technologies, such as the invention patent with publication number CN111464118A: photovoltaic tile substrate, photovoltaic tile and photovoltaic roof, are to bond flat photovoltaic modules on the color steel tile metal substrate, and mainly use the metal substrate to bond the roof. Although the production cost of this technology has been reduced, the actual function of the building material covering is still mainly the color steel tile metal substrate component. Since the chemical stability of metal such as acid and alkali corrosion resistance is far less than that of glass, the life of BIPV building materials manufactured using this technology is not as long as that of glass building materials.

[0007] Existing photovoltaic roof-related technologies include the utility model patent with publication number CN218041338U: a tile frame and photovoltaic tile, which adopts the form of a tile frame combined with a small-sized flat glass photovoltaic module, and uses a small-sized glass-based photovoltaic module as the main shielding and covering structure of the roof. While the small-sized glass is close to the curved surface of the roof, the chemical durability of the glass itself also has a long life. However, the use of the tile frame in this technology also increases the production cost of the product accordingly.

[0008] Existing photovoltaic roof-related technologies, such as the utility model patent with publication number CN218897186U: a detachable diamond-shaped photovoltaic tile assembly, directly using small-sized flat photovoltaic modules to lay photovoltaic roofs, not only directly reducing material costs, but also further reducing subsequent roof maintenance and replacement costs due to its convenient disassembly. However, the technology uses glass holes near the corners and a single purlin support structure design, which is easy to cause glass breakage under environmental wind pressure, which actually reduces the product life.

[0009] At the same time, the curved surface paving of photovoltaic products will inevitably affect the power generation performance. Can a photovoltaic roof be developed that can fit the curved surface element design of the architect, meet the long life requirements of the building while being low-cost, and minimize the impact of the curved surface paving on power generation through special design? This has always been a problem that has plagued the BIPV industry. Summary of the invention

[0010] The present invention aims to solve the problems of significantly reduced power generation, relatively high production costs, and relatively low product lifespan of existing curved photovoltaic roofs. The photovoltaic roof of the present invention can conform to the curved surface elements designed by architects, and while meeting the long lifespan requirements of buildings, it can achieve low costs. Through special design, the impact of power generation caused by curved surface paving is reduced.

[0011] The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above object:

[0012] A photovoltaic roof, the photovoltaic roof includes several mutually spliced installation units, each installation unit includes two arc-shaped brackets arranged oppositely, several flat photovoltaic tiles are fixed between the two arc-shaped brackets along the arc direction, arc-shaped connectors are respectively arranged between adjacent flat photovoltaic tiles, each arc-shaped connector is used to connect the flat photovoltaic tiles on its two sides, and the two sides of each arc-shaped connector that do not contact the flat photovoltaic tiles are respectively fixedly connected to the arc-shaped brackets.

[0013] Furthermore, each arc-shaped connector includes an arc-shaped structural member and slots opened on both sides of the arc-shaped structural member, and the side edges of each flat photovoltaic tile that do not contact the arc-shaped brackets are clamped in the slots adjacent to it.

[0014] Furthermore, the bending angle of each arc-shaped connector is 90° - 270°.

[0015] Furthermore, a wire threading channel is arranged inside the arc-shaped bracket, and the wire threading channel is used to place the cables of the flat photovoltaic tiles.

[0016] The present invention also provides a preparation method for the above photovoltaic roof, including the following steps: S1, providing several arc-shaped brackets, flat photovoltaic tiles and arc-shaped connectors; S2, using the arc-shaped connectors to respectively connect adjacent flat photovoltaic tiles to obtain a first prefabricated component; S3, fixing the first prefabricated component on two oppositely arranged arc-shaped brackets to obtain an installation unit; S4, preparing several installation units according to the above steps, and connecting and fixing the arc-shaped brackets of different installation units to realize the connection of multiple installation units to obtain a finished photovoltaic roof product.

[0017] Furthermore, in S2, the connection between the arc-shaped connector and the flat photovoltaic tile is specifically that after clamping the two sides of the flat photovoltaic tile in the arc-shaped connector, adhesive bonding connection is adopted or fastening connection is adopted with fasteners and then sealed with sealant.

[0018] Further, in S3, the connection method between the first prefabricated part and the arc-shaped bracket is that the two ends of the flat photovoltaic tile in contact with the arc-shaped bracket are respectively fixed to the arc-shaped bracket, or the flat photovoltaic tile is laid on two arc-shaped brackets.

[0019] The present invention also provides a roofing installation method, including the following steps:

[0020] A1. Use the photovoltaic roofing as described above to sequentially cover the roof of the building to be installed;

[0021] A2. Divide the roof into a south slope and a north slope, or an east slope and a west slope according to the roof orientation, select the horizontal line passing through the midpoint in the length direction of the roof and parallel to the width direction as the horizontal central axis, and select the vertical line passing through the center point in the length and width directions of the roof as the vertical central axis;

[0022] A3. The length direction is the length direction of the vertical projection of the roof on the ground, and the width direction is the width direction of the vertical projection of the roof on the ground; if the projection of the roof on the ground is a circle or a regular polygon, then select the east-west direction or the side most parallel to the east-west direction on the projection as the length direction, select the north-south direction or the side most parallel to the north-south direction on the projection as the width direction. The horizontal central axis and the vertical central axis form a reference section. Then, on the south-north slope or the east-west slope respectively, connect the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection line of the reference section and the roof in series into one or several strings of tile strings;

[0023] A4. Use the plane passing through the vertical central axis and perpendicular to the reference section as the reference section, and calculate the gradient g at the top position according to the preset formula;

[0024] A5. Use the plane passing through the middle position in the height direction of the roof and perpendicular to the reference section as the middle-height section; if the absolute value of the gradient g obtained in step A4 is less than or equal to 0.01, then translate the reference section along the tangent direction of the intersection line of the middle-height section and the roof at the position of the reference section to the adjacent photovoltaic tile, and then respectively connect the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection line of the reference section and the roof in series into one or several strings of tile strings on the south-north slope or the east-west slope; if the absolute value of the gradient g obtained in step A4 is greater than 0.01, then rotate the reference section around the intersection line of the reference section and the reference section to the adjacent photovoltaic tile, and then respectively connect the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection line of the reference section and the roof in series into one or several strings of tile strings on the south-north slope or the east-west slope;

[0025] A6. Repeat steps A4 and A5 until all photovoltaic tiles are connected into tile strings;

[0026] A7. On the south-north slope or the east-west slope respectively, connect the positive and negative poles of the tile strings with the same height and length in parallel into one or several groups of arrays;

[0027] A8. Connect the positive and negative poles of the array to one or more inverters to complete the installation on the roof.

[0028] Furthermore, in step A4, the preset formula is:

[0029] where Δl is the horizontal span of the calculation area, Δh is the height difference of the intersection line in the area with a span of Δl, and the intersection line is the intersection line of the reference section and the roof.

[0030] Furthermore, the value of Δl ranges from 20 cm to 500 cm.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] 1. A photovoltaic roof involved in the present invention provides an arc-shaped curved surface structure by setting a plurality of mutually spliced installation units, optimizing the structure of each installation unit, setting two arc-shaped brackets, arranging several flat photovoltaic tiles on the arc-shaped brackets and connecting the flat photovoltaic tiles respectively using arc-shaped connectors, enabling the photovoltaic roof of the present invention to meet the requirements of buildings with a curved surface design.

[0033] At the same time, due to the simple structure of the installation unit and the low cost of the components used, the overall cost of the roof can be effectively reduced.

[0034] In addition, a large number of curved photovoltaic tiles are used in the prior art to provide a curved surface structure, resulting in a significant reduction in power generation. However, for the photovoltaic roof of the present invention, since the photovoltaic tiles are paved in sequence as flat photovoltaic tiles, each photovoltaic tile is still a flat structure independently. At the same time, through a complete set of installation methods, the connection and stringing methods of the photovoltaic tiles are optimized considering the influences of multiple factors such as the roof orientation, curved surface radian, installation height, and photovoltaic tile size. Therefore, the influence of the curved surface structure on the power generation of the photovoltaic tiles can be greatly reduced, and the reduction in power generation is minimized.

[0035] At the same time, using photovoltaic tiles made of flat glass material makes the overall structure more stable, greatly improving the outdoor chemical resistance and wind pressure and snow pressure resistance of the roof, and thus enabling the roof to have a longer lifespan.

[0036] In summary, using flat photovoltaic tiles to directly cover the curved surface of the photovoltaic roof can significantly reduce the production cost compared with curved photovoltaic tiles and photovoltaic tiles with tile frames. At the same time, it can introduce curved surface elements to the building roof. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic roof of the present invention uses photovoltaic tiles made of flat glass as the main covering material of the roof, and through a complete set of installation methods, the connection and stringing method of the photovoltaic tiles are optimized considering the influence of multiple factors such as roof orientation, curved surface radian, installation height, and photovoltaic tile size, reducing the impact on power generation caused by curved surface paving, and greatly improving the outdoor chemical resistance and wind pressure and snow pressure resistance of the roof, thereby enabling the roof to have a longer lifespan.

[0037] 2. A preparation method of a photovoltaic roof involved in the present invention is simple and easy to operate. The prepared photovoltaic roof is convenient to install, can fit the curved surface element design of the building designer, and can meet the long lifespan requirement of the building. Since the components used have low costs, it can effectively reduce the preparation cost, and the impact on power generation caused by curved surface paving is reduced through a special installation method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 Structural schematic of an installation unit of a photovoltaic roof involved in the present invention Figure 1 。

[0039] Figure 2 Structural schematic of an installation unit of a photovoltaic roof involved in the present invention Figure 2 。

[0040] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of a bending arc connecting piece of a photovoltaic roof involved in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 Schematic of a roof installation method involved in the present invention Figure 1 。

[0042] Figure 5 Schematic of a roof installation method involved in the present invention Figure 2 。

[0043] Figure 6 Structural schematic of an installation unit of a photovoltaic roof involved in the present invention Figure 3 。

[0044] 1 - Arc bracket, 2 - Flat photovoltaic tile, 3 - Bending arc connecting piece, 4 - Enlarged details of the complete roof, 5 - Reference section, 6 - Mid - height section, 7 - Reference section, 8 - Cable, 9 - Connector.

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] Therefore, the following detailed description of the provided embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] An embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic roof. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the photovoltaic roof includes several mutually spliced installation units. Each installation unit includes two arc-shaped brackets 1 arranged oppositely. Between the two arc-shaped brackets 1, several flat photovoltaic tiles 2 are fixed along the arc direction. Between adjacent flat photovoltaic tiles 2, arc-shaped connectors 3 are respectively provided. Each arc-shaped connector 3 is used to connect the flat photovoltaic tiles 2 on both sides thereof. The two sides of each arc-shaped connector 3 that do not contact the flat photovoltaic tiles 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the arc-shaped brackets 1.

[0048] It can be understood that for a photovoltaic roof involved in the present invention, by setting multiple mutually spliced installation units and optimizing the structure of each installation unit, two arc-shaped brackets 1 are provided, several flat photovoltaic tiles 2 are arranged on the arc-shaped brackets 1, and the flat photovoltaic tiles 2 are respectively connected by arc-shaped connectors 3, so that the roof is covered with multiple flat photovoltaic tiles 2 and arc-shaped connectors 3, thereby providing an arc-shaped curved surface structure, enabling the photovoltaic roof of the present invention to meet the requirements of buildings with curved surface designs.

[0049] At the same time, since the structure of the installation unit is simple and the components used have low costs, the overall cost of the roof can be effectively reduced.

[0050] In addition, it is very important that the prior art uses a large number of curved surface photovoltaic tiles to provide a curved surface structure, resulting in a significant reduction in power generation. However, for the photovoltaic roof of the present invention, since the paving of the photovoltaic tiles is the sequential paving of flat photovoltaic tiles, and each photovoltaic tile is still a flat structure independently, and at the same time, through a complete set of installation methods, the connection and stringing methods of the photovoltaic tiles are optimized considering the influence of multiple factors such as the roof orientation, the curvature of the curved surface, the installation height, and the size of the photovoltaic tiles. Therefore, the influence of the curved surface structure on the power generation of the photovoltaic tiles can be greatly reduced, and the reduction in power generation can be minimized.

[0051] Meanwhile, the use of photovoltaic tiles made of flat glass material makes the overall structure more stable, greatly improves the outdoor chemical resistance and wind pressure and snow pressure tolerance of the roof, and thus gives the roof a longer lifespan.

[0052] In summary, directly using the flat photovoltaic tile 2 to cover the curved surface of the photovoltaic roof can significantly reduce the production cost compared with the curved photovoltaic tile and the photovoltaic tile with a tile frame, and at the same time can introduce curved surface elements to the building roof. At the same time, the photovoltaic roof of the present invention uses photovoltaic tiles made of flat glass material as the main covering material of the roof, and through a complete set of installation methods, the connection and stringing method of the photovoltaic tiles is optimized considering the influence of multiple factors such as the roof orientation, the curved surface radian, the installation height, and the size of the photovoltaic tiles, reducing the impact on power generation caused by the curved surface paving, and also greatly improving the outdoor chemical resistance and wind pressure and snow pressure tolerance of the roof, and thus giving the roof a longer lifespan.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the flat photovoltaic tile 2 is preferably a glass material photovoltaic tile without holes at the corners. It can be understood that using a glass material photovoltaic tile without holes at the corners as the main covering material of the roof can further improve the outdoor chemical resistance and wind pressure and snow pressure tolerance of the roof, and further extend the lifespan of the roof. Optionally, there are cadmium telluride power generation glasses produced by Chengdu Zhongcai Optoelectronic Materials Co., Ltd.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the arc-shaped connecting member 3 can be outdoor long-life materials such as stainless steel, anodized aluminum, and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 3 , each of the arc-shaped connecting members 3 includes an arc-shaped structural member and slots opened on both sides of the arc-shaped structural member, and the side edges of each flat photovoltaic tile 2 that do not contact the arc-shaped bracket 1 are clamped in the adjacent slots. It should be noted that the arc-shaped connecting member can be an integral casting or a split member.

[0056] It can be understood that slots are provided at both ends of each arc-shaped connecting member 3 in contact with the flat photovoltaic tile 2 for clamping the side surface of the flat photovoltaic tile 2 to be connected. And the two sides of the arc-shaped connecting member 3 that do not contact the flat photovoltaic tile 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the arc-shaped bracket 1.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the slot can be adaptively adjusted according to the shape of the side edge of the flat photovoltaic tile 2. For example, if the side edge of some flat photovoltaic tiles 2 is arc-shaped, the slot is correspondingly set to be arc-shaped; and if the side edge of some flat photovoltaic tiles 2 is straight, the slot is correspondingly set to be straight.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bending angle of each arc-shaped connecting member 3 is 90° to 270°.

[0059] It can be understood that, according to the angle of the curved surface designed for the building, the bending angle of the curved arc connecting member 3 can be adjusted so that the photovoltaic roof of the present invention can fit the building surface.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 6 , a wire threading channel 9 is provided inside the arc-shaped bracket 1, and the wire threading channel 9 is used for placing the cable 8 passing through the flat photovoltaic tile 2. As Figure 6 , the cable 8 passes through the wire threading channel 9, and the connector 9 of the flat photovoltaic tile 2 is connected to the cable 8, realizing the electrical connection of the flat photovoltaic tile 2.

[0061] It can be understood that when installing the photovoltaic roof of the present invention, placing the cable of the flat photovoltaic tile 2 through the wire threading channel can effectively protect the lines of the photovoltaic roof, improve the safety of the photovoltaic roof, the setting of the wire threading channel protects the cable, enhances the outdoor chemical resistance and wind pressure and snow pressure tolerance of the photovoltaic roof of the present invention, and further enhances the service life of the roof.

[0062] The present invention also provides a preparation method for the above-mentioned photovoltaic roof, please refer to Figure 4 , the preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Provide several arc-shaped brackets 1, flat photovoltaic tiles 2 and curved arc connecting members 3; S2. Use the curved arc connecting member 3 to connect adjacent flat photovoltaic tiles 2 respectively to obtain a first prefabricated part; S3. Fix the first prefabricated part on two oppositely arranged arc-shaped brackets 1 to obtain an installation unit; S4. Prepare several installation units according to the above steps, and connect and fix the arc-shaped brackets 1 of different installation units, that is, splice and fix multiple installation units to realize the connection of multiple installation units and obtain a finished photovoltaic roof.

[0063] It can be understood that the preparation method of the photovoltaic roof involved in the present invention is simple, easy to operate, the prepared photovoltaic roof is convenient to install, can fit the curved surface element design of the architectural designer, and can meet the long service life requirements of the building. Since the components used have low costs, the preparation cost can be effectively reduced, and the power generation impact caused by the curved surface paving is reduced through a special installation method.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, please continue to refer to Figure 2 , in S2, the connection between the curved arc connecting member 3 and the flat photovoltaic tile 2 is specifically that after clamping both sides of the flat photovoltaic tile 2 in the curved arc connecting member 3, adhesive bonding connection is adopted or fastening connection is adopted with fasteners and then sealed with sealant.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adhesive may be an adhesive such as a silicone-based structural adhesive. The fastener may be a self-tapping screw, a clamp, etc. The sealant may be a sealant such as a silicone-based sealant or butyl rubber.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, please continue to refer to Figure 1 , in S3, the connection manner between the first prefabricated member and the arc-shaped bracket 1 is that the two ends of the flat photovoltaic tile 2 in contact with the arc-shaped bracket 1 are respectively fixed to the arc-shaped bracket 1, or the flat photovoltaic tile 2 is laid on the two arc-shaped brackets 1 and is adhesively connected or tightly connected by a fastener.

[0067] The present invention also provides a roofing installation method. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , and the installation method includes the following steps:

[0068] A1. Use the photovoltaic roofing as described above to sequentially cover the roofing of the building to be installed;

[0069] A2. Divide the roofing into a south slope and a north slope, or an east slope and a west slope according to the roofing orientation. Select the horizontal line passing through the midpoint of the roofing in the length direction and parallel to the width direction as the horizontal central axis, and select the vertical line passing through the center point of the roofing in the length and width directions as the vertical central axis;

[0070] A3. The length direction is the length direction of the vertical projection of the roofing on the ground, and the width direction is the width direction of the vertical projection of the roofing on the ground; if the projection of the roofing on the ground is a circle or a regular polygon, then select the east-west direction or the side most parallel to the east-west direction on the projection as the length direction, and select the north-south direction or the side most parallel to the north-south direction on the projection as the width direction. The horizontal central axis and the vertical central axis form a reference section. Then, on the south and north slopes or the east and west slopes respectively, connect the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection position of the reference section and the roofing in series into one or several strings of tile strings;

[0071] A4. Use the plane passing through the vertical central axis and perpendicular to the reference section as the reference section, and calculate the gradient g at the top position according to a preset formula;

[0072] A5. Use a plane perpendicular to the reference section and passing through the middle position in the height direction of the roof as the mid-height section; if the absolute value of the gradient g obtained in step A4 is less than or equal to 0.01, translate the reference section along the tangent direction of the intersection line of the mid-height section and the roof at the position of the reference section to the adjacent photovoltaic tile, and then respectively connect the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection line position of the reference section and the roof in series into one or several strings of tile strings on the north and south slopes or the east and west slopes; if the absolute value of the gradient g obtained in step A4 is greater than 0.01, rotate the reference section around the intersection line of the reference section and the reference section to the adjacent photovoltaic tile, and then respectively connect the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection line position of the reference section and the roof in series into one or several strings of tile strings on the north and south slopes or the east and west slopes;

[0073] A6. Repeat steps A4 and A5 until all photovoltaic tiles are connected into tile strings;

[0074] A7. On the north and south slopes or the east and west slopes respectively, connect the positive and negative poles of the tile strings with the same height and length in parallel into one or several groups of arrays;

[0075] A8. Connect the positive and negative poles of the array to one or more inverters to complete the installation of the roof.

[0076] It can be understood that the roof installation method of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, can save the cost of enterprises, improve the quality and aesthetics of products, so that the application space of this installation method is wide and has great advantages.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step A4, the preset formula is:

[0078]

[0079] where Δl is the horizontal span of the calculation area, Δh is the height difference of the intersection line in the Δl span area, and the intersection line is the intersection line of the reference section and the roof.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, the value of Δl is 20 cm to 500 cm. Specifically, the preferred value of Δl is 40 cm.

[0081] Embodiment 1

[0082] In this embodiment, a photovoltaic roof is provided. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the photovoltaic roof includes several mutually spliced installation units, each installation unit includes two arc-shaped brackets 1 arranged oppositely, several flat photovoltaic tiles 2 are fixed between the two arc-shaped brackets 1 along the arc direction, and bending arc connectors 3 are respectively arranged between adjacent flat photovoltaic tiles 2. Each bending arc connector 3 is used to connect the flat photovoltaic tiles 2 on both sides thereof, and the two sides of each bending arc connector 3 that do not contact the flat photovoltaic tiles 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the arc-shaped brackets 1.

[0083] Embodiment 2

[0084] In this embodiment, on the basis of Embodiment 1, please refer to Figure 3 , each bending arc connector 3 includes an arc-shaped structure member and slots opened on both sides of the arc-shaped structure member. The side edges of each flat photovoltaic tile 2 that do not contact the arc-shaped brackets 1 are clamped in the adjacent slots. The bending angle of each bending arc connector 3 is 90°.

[0085] Embodiment 3

[0086] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, a wire threading channel is arranged inside the arc-shaped bracket 1, and the wire threading channel is used to place the cables of the flat photovoltaic tiles 2.

[0087] Embodiment 4

[0088] In this embodiment, a preparation method of the above-mentioned photovoltaic roof is provided, including the following steps: S1, providing several arc-shaped brackets 1, flat photovoltaic tiles 2 and bending arc connectors 3; S2, using the bending arc connectors 3 to connect adjacent flat photovoltaic tiles 2 respectively to obtain a first prefabricated part; S3, fixing the first prefabricated part on two oppositely arranged arc-shaped brackets 1 to obtain an installation unit; S4, preparing several installation units according to the above steps, and connecting and fixing the arc-shaped brackets 1 of different installation units to realize the connection of multiple installation units to obtain a finished photovoltaic roof. In S2, the connection between the bending arc connector 3 and the flat photovoltaic tile 2 is to carry out bonding connection by using an adhesive or carry out fastening connection by using fasteners and then carry out sealing by combining with a sealant. In S3, the connection method between the first prefabricated part and the arc-shaped bracket 1 is that the flat photovoltaic tile 2 is laid on the two arc-shaped brackets 1, and bonding connection or fastening connection by using fasteners can be adopted.

[0089] Embodiment 5

[0090] In this embodiment, a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned photovoltaic roof is provided, including the following steps: S1. Provide a plurality of arc-shaped brackets 1, flat photovoltaic tiles 2, and arc-shaped connectors 3; S2. Use the arc-shaped connectors 3 to connect adjacent flat photovoltaic tiles 2 respectively to obtain a first prefabricated component; S3. Fix the first prefabricated component on two oppositely arranged arc-shaped brackets 1 to obtain an installation unit; S4. Prepare a plurality of installation units according to the above steps, and connect and fix the arc-shaped brackets 1 of different installation units to realize the connection of multiple installation units and obtain a finished photovoltaic roof product. In S2, the connection between the arc-shaped connector 3 and the flat photovoltaic tile 2 is achieved by bonding with an adhesive or by fastening with a fastener and then sealing with a sealant. In S3, the connection method between the first prefabricated component and the arc-shaped bracket 1 is that the two ends of the flat photovoltaic tile 2 in contact with the arc-shaped bracket 1 are respectively fixed to the arc-shaped bracket 1.

[0091] Embodiment 6

[0092] In this embodiment, a roof installation method is provided. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , including the following steps:

[0093] a. Connect the flat photovoltaic tiles front and back through arc-shaped connectors. The arc-shaped connectors can be prefabricated and fixed with a certain arc angle, or can be angle-adjustable connectors such as those with hinges. The range of the angle is 90° to 270°.

[0094] The material of the arc-shaped connector can be outdoor long-life materials such as stainless steel, anodized aluminum, and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber. The outer surface of the flat photovoltaic tile must be made of flat glass material. Optionally, there is cadmium telluride power generation glass produced by Chengdu Zhongcai Optoelectronic Materials Co., Ltd., etc.

[0095] The connection between the arc-shaped connector and the flat photovoltaic tile can be achieved by bonding with an adhesive such as a silicon-based structural adhesive, or by fastening with fasteners such as self-tapping screws and clamps and then sealing with sealants such as silicon-based sealant and butyl rubber.

[0096] b. Cover the above-mentioned front and back-connected BIPV products on the surface of the bracket. The bracket can be bent according to the curved surface design of the building roof. The flat photovoltaic tile is supported by the bracket, which can be supported inside the back of the flat photovoltaic tile or at both ends of the back of the flat photovoltaic tile. The covering and fixing of the flat photovoltaic tile on the bracket can be achieved by bonding with an adhesive such as a silicon-based structural adhesive, or by fastening with fasteners such as self-tapping screws and clamps and then sealing with sealants such as silicon-based sealant and butyl rubber.

[0097] c. Divide the roof into a south slope and a north slope, or an east slope and a west slope according to the roof orientation. To reduce the impact on power generation caused by the curved surface paving, the design adopts a horizontal line passing through the midpoint in the length direction of the roof and parallel to the width direction as the horizontal central axis, and a vertical line passing through the center points in the length and width directions of the roof as the vertical central axis. The length direction is the length direction of the vertical projection of the roof on the ground, and the width direction is the width direction of the vertical projection of the roof on the ground. If the projection of the roof on the ground is a circle or a regular polygon, then select the east-west direction or the side on the projection that is most parallel to the east-west direction as the length direction, and select the north-south direction or the side on the projection that is most parallel to the north-south direction as the width direction. The horizontal central axis and the vertical central axis form a reference section. Then, on the north and south slopes or the east and west slopes respectively, connect the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection line position of the reference section and the roof in series into one or several strings of tile strings.

[0098] d. Adopt a plane passing through the vertical central axis and perpendicular to the reference section as the reference plane. For the intersection line of the reference plane and the roof, calculate the gradient g at the top position according to the following formula.

[0099]

[0100] Where Δl is the horizontal span of the calculation area, with a value ranging from 20 cm to 500 cm, preferably 40 cm. Δh is the height difference of the intersection line in the Δl span area.

[0101] e. Adopt a plane perpendicular to the reference section and passing through the middle position in the height direction of the roof as the middle-high section. The middle position in the height direction of the roof is preferably the midpoint position between the roof top and the roof bottom. If the absolute value of the gradient g calculated in the previous step ≤ 0.01, then translate the reference section along the tangent direction of the intersection line of the middle-high section and the roof at the reference section position to the adjacent photovoltaic tile, and then connect the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection line position of the reference section and the roof in series into one or several strings of tile strings on the north and south slopes or the east and west slopes respectively. If the absolute value of the gradient g calculated in the previous step > 0.01, then rotate the reference section around the intersection line of the reference section and the reference plane to the adjacent photovoltaic tile, and then connect the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection line position of the reference section and the roof in series into one or several strings of tile strings on the north and south slopes or the east and west slopes respectively.

[0102] f. Repeat steps d and e until all photovoltaic tiles are connected into tile strings.

[0103] g. On the north and south slopes or the east and west slopes respectively, connect the positive and negative poles of the tile strings with the same height and length in parallel into one or several groups of arrays.

[0104] h. After connecting the positive and negative poles of the array to one or several inverters, this photovoltaic roof can work normally, and the installation of the roof is completed.

[0105] The above embodiments are only one implementation manner of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent for the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic roof, characterized in that, The photovoltaic roof includes several mutually spliced installation units. Each installation unit includes two arc-shaped brackets arranged oppositely. Between the two arc-shaped brackets, several flat photovoltaic tiles are fixed along the arc direction. Bend arc connectors are respectively arranged between adjacent flat photovoltaic tiles. Each bend arc connector is used to connect the flat photovoltaic tiles on its two sides, and the two sides of each bend arc connector that do not contact the flat photovoltaic tiles are respectively fixedly connected to the arc-shaped brackets.

2. A photovoltaic roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each bend arc connector includes an arc-shaped structural member and slots opened on both sides of the arc-shaped structural member. The side edges of each flat photovoltaic tile that do not contact the arc-shaped brackets are clamped in the slots adjacent to it.

3. A photovoltaic roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bending angle of each bend arc connector is 90° - 270°.

4. A photovoltaic roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, A wire threading channel is arranged inside the arc-shaped bracket, and the wire threading channel is used to place the cables of the flat photovoltaic tiles.

5. A method for preparing a photovoltaic roof according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Provide several arc-shaped brackets, flat photovoltaic tiles and bend arc connectors; S2. Use the bend arc connectors to connect the adjacent flat photovoltaic tiles respectively to obtain a first prefabricated part; S3. Fix the first prefabricated part on two oppositely arranged arc-shaped brackets to obtain an installation unit; S4. Prepare several installation units according to the above steps, and connect and fix the arc-shaped brackets of different installation units to realize the connection of multiple installation units and obtain a finished photovoltaic roof.

6. The preparation method of a photovoltaic roof according to claim 5, characterized in that In S2, the connection between the bend arc connector and the flat photovoltaic tile is specifically that after clamping the two sides of the flat photovoltaic tile in the bend arc connector, adhesive bonding or fastening connection with fasteners is adopted and then sealed with sealant.

7. The preparation method of a photovoltaic roof according to claim 5, characterized in that In S3, the connection method between the first prefabricated part and the arc-shaped bracket is that the two ends of the flat photovoltaic tile in contact with the arc-shaped bracket are respectively fixedly connected to the arc-shaped bracket, or the flat photovoltaic tile is laid on the two arc-shaped brackets.

8. A roofing installation method, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: A1. Use the photovoltaic roof according to any one of claims 1 - 4 to sequentially cover the roof of the building to be installed; A2. Divide the roof into a south slope and a north slope, or an east slope and a west slope according to the roof orientation. Select the horizontal line passing through the midpoint of the roof length direction and parallel to the width direction as the horizontal central axis, and select the vertical line passing through the center point of the roof length and width directions as the vertical central axis; A3. The length direction is the length direction of the vertical projection of the roof on the ground, and the width direction is the width direction of the vertical projection of the roof on the ground; if the projection of the roof on the ground is a circle or a regular polygon, then select the east-west direction or the side most parallel to the east-west direction on the projection as the length direction, select the north-south direction or the side most parallel to the north-south direction on the projection as the width direction. The horizontal central axis and the vertical central axis form a reference section. Then, on the south-north slope or the east-west slope, the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection position of the reference section and the roof are connected in series into one or several strings of tile strings; A4. Use the plane passing through the vertical central axis and perpendicular to the reference section as the reference section, and calculate the gradient g at the top position according to a preset formula; A5. Use the plane perpendicular to the reference section and passing through the middle position in the height direction of the roof as the mid-height section; If the absolute value of the gradient g obtained in step A4 is less than or equal to 0.01, translate the reference section along the tangent direction of the intersection line of the mid-height section and the roof at the reference section position to the adjacent photovoltaic tile, and then connect the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection line position of the reference section and the roof in series into one or several strings of tile strings on the north and south slopes or the east and west slopes respectively; If the absolute value of the gradient g obtained in step A4 is greater than 0.01, rotate the reference section around the intersection line of the reference section and the reference section to the adjacent photovoltaic tile, and then connect the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic tiles at the intersection line position of the reference section and the roof in series into one or several strings of tile strings on the north and south slopes or the east and west slopes respectively; A6. Repeat steps A4 and A5 until all photovoltaic tiles are connected into tile strings; A7. On the north and south slopes or the east and west slopes respectively, connect the positive and negative poles of the tile strings with the same height and length in parallel into one or several groups of arrays; A8. Connect the positive and negative poles of the array to one or more inverters to complete the installation of the roof.

9. A roofing installation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the step A4, the preset formula is Wherein, Δl is the horizontal span of the calculation area, Δh is the height difference of the intersection line in the Δl span area, and the intersection line is the intersection line of the reference section and the roof.

10. The preparation method of a photovoltaic roof according to claim 9, characterized in that, The value of the said Δl is 20 cm to 500 cm.

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