Water area suspension pollution detection and evaluation method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to a water area suspension pollution detection and evaluation method which comprises the following steps: constructing a space coordinate system, and implanting a water body and a terrain model into the space coordinate system; measuring the initial water body turbidity Tj of the water body to be detected; obtaining detection coordinates (xi, yi, zj) of the turbidity determination module; constructing a water body turbidity model (x, y, z, T '); judging whether the water body turbidity T'is greater than a preset standard water body turbidity T standard, if so, judging that the water body to be detected is a polluted water body, and if not, judging that the water body to be detected is a qualified water body. Detection can be carried out in real time, obtained data are accurate, the detection cost is low, detection of a single detection point is avoided, the detection data volume is large, and the data are accurate; by constructing the water turbidity model, observation is convenient and visual, data are accurate, detection is convenient, detection data can be obtained in real time, data processing is timely, and timely countermeasure processing is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water pollution detection, and in particular to a method and system for detecting and evaluating suspended pollution in water areas. Background Art

[0002] The water in a sewage treatment plant is an available water resource with development and utilization value, which is of great significance for solving the problem of water resource shortage in the region. To develop and utilize the water resource in the sewage treatment plant, it is first necessary to ensure that the water body is clean and not polluted. When the water body is polluted, a rapid coagulation reagent for suspended pollution needs to be used to treat the water body. An important standard for evaluating the water body is the turbidity of the water body. The effect of the rapid coagulation reagent for suspended pollution is evaluated by comparing the turbidity of the water body before and after treatment. The existing detection is to take a water sample, put it into a container and label it, and then return to the laboratory for detection by a spectrophotometer. The detection ability is poor and the efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the problems of inability to detect the water resource in the coal mining area in real time, high detection cost and low efficiency, the primary object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting and evaluating suspended pollution in water areas that can perform detection in real time, obtain accurate data, and have a low detection cost.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for detecting and evaluating suspended pollution in water areas, the method comprising the following steps in sequence:

[0005] (1) Construct a spatial coordinate system and implant a water body and a terrain model into the spatial coordinate system;

[0006] (2) Measure the initial water body turbidity T of the water body to be detected through a turbidity measurement module j；

[0007] (3) Obtain the detection coordinates (x i , y i , z j ) of the turbidity measurement module through a detection and positioning module;

[0008] (4) Construct a water body turbidity model (x, y, z, T') according to the initial water body turbidity T j and the detection coordinates (x i , y i , z j );

[0009] (5) Judge whether the water body turbidity T' is greater than a preset standard water body turbidity T 标 . If the judgment result is yes, determine that the water body to be detected is a polluted water body; otherwise, determine that the water body to be detected is a qualified water body.

[0010] Step (2) specifically refers to: calculating the light transmittance ε:

[0011]

[0012] In the formula, A is the detected intensity of the light beam, and A0 is the light source intensity; A' is the amount of light intensity loss, and the calculation formula is:

[0013] A' = A1' - A2';

[0014] In the formula, A1' is the first light intensity loss obtained by irradiating the water sample to be detected without suspended matter with a light source of a preset intensity and a preset slope length; A2' is the second light intensity loss obtained by irradiating distilled water with a light source of a preset intensity and a preset slope length;

[0015] After calculating the light transmittance ε, according to the corresponding relationship between the light transmittance ε and the turbidity, the preliminary water turbidity T is obtained.

[0016] Step (3) specifically refers to: connecting a plurality of turbidity measurement modules in series to a connecting member, the connecting member being a straight rod or a rope, installing the plurality of turbidity measurement modules and the detection and positioning module on an unmanned remotely operated survey ship, and the detection and positioning module measuring the position of the unmanned remotely operated survey ship as (x i , y i , 0); numbering the turbidity measurement modules on the connecting member, the first turbidity measurement module being located at the end of the connecting member, then the deployment depth L of the connecting member is:

[0017] L = Z m - l';

[0018] where Z m is the maximum depth of the water body to be measured, and l' is the distance between the connecting member and the bottom of the water body to be measured;

[0019] The detection depth of the turbidity measurement module is:

[0020]

[0021] where j is the number of the turbidity measurement modules on the same connecting member; D k is the distance between the turbidity measurement modules numbered k and k + 1, k = 1, 2,..., j; when j is the largest, D j is the distance between the turbidity measurement module numbered j and the water surface;

[0022] Obtain the detection coordinates (x i , y i , z j ) of the turbidity measurement module.

[0023] Step (4) specifically refers to: from the detection coordinates (xi , y i , z j ) Select two coordinate points s and m with known water turbidity from among them. The coordinates of point s are (x s , y s , z s ), and the coordinates of point m are (x m , y m , z m ). The turbidity of point s is T S , and the turbidity of point m is T m ; T S ∈ T j , T m ∈ T j ;

[0024] With (x s , y s , z s ) as the center, construct a spherical space with a preset radius r, and define the water turbidity within this spherical space as T S ; With (x m , y m , z m ) as the center, construct a spherical space with a preset radius r, and define the water turbidity within this spherical space as T m ;

[0025] Connect point s and point m into a straight line, and calculate the water turbidity of the coordinate points on this straight line:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, (x, y, z) is the coordinate point to be obtained; P is the value of the change trend vector:

[0028]

[0029] Then, use the coordinate point (x, y, z) obtained from formula (1) as a new coordinate point with known water turbidity, and substitute it into formula (1) for iterative calculation until the distance between the coordinate points with known water turbidity within the entire spatial coordinate system is less than or equal to the preset radius r, to obtain the water turbidity model (x, y, z, T').

[0030] Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for a water area suspended pollution detection and evaluation method, including:

[0031] A turbidity measurement module, used to detect the water to be detected in the water accumulation area in real time to obtain the preliminary water turbidity T;

[0032] A detection and positioning module, used to position the turbidity measurement module and obtain the detection coordinates (x of the turbidity measurement modulei , y i , z j );

[0033] Turbidity model construction module, which constructs a water turbidity model by detecting coordinates (x i , y i , z j ) and the initial water turbidity T;

[0034] Judgment and analysis module, which judges whether the water turbidity is greater than the preset standard water turbidity T 标 . If the judgment result is yes, it determines that the water to be detected is polluted water; otherwise, it determines that the water to be detected is qualified water.

[0035] The turbidity measurement module includes:

[0036] Light source emission module, which is used to emit a light source with a preset intensity and a preset wavelength. The intensity of the light source is A0, and the light source emission module uses a beam generator; the preset intensity is from 100 Lux to 2000 Lux, and the preset wavelength is from 550 nm to 700 nm;

[0037] Light ray receiving module, which is used to receive the light beam formed by the light source and obtain the detected intensity A of the light beam;

[0038] Turbidity analysis module, which is used to obtain the initial water turbidity T according to the detected intensity A and the intensity A0 of the light source.

[0039] The detection and positioning module uses a GPS module. Multiple turbidity measurement modules are connected in series to a connector. The connector is a straight rod or a rope. The multiple turbidity measurement modules and the detection and positioning module are installed on an unmanned remotely controlled survey ship. A central controller is set on the unmanned remotely controlled survey ship, and the central controller communicates with the multiple turbidity measurement modules and the detection and positioning module respectively.

[0040] The multiple turbidity measurement modules and the detection and positioning module are installed on an unmanned remotely controlled survey ship, and the multiple turbidity measurement modules and the detection and positioning module both communicate with the background server remotely.

[0041] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: First, the present invention can perform real-time detection, obtain accurate data, and has a small detection cost. It avoids single-point detection, has a large amount of detection data, and the data is accurate; Second, by constructing a water turbidity model, it is convenient and intuitive to observe, the data is accurate, the detection is convenient, the detection data can be obtained in real time, the data processing is timely, and it is convenient for timely countermeasure processing. Description of the Drawings

[0042] Figure 1 It is the method flow chart of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is the system structure block diagram of the present invention. Specific implementation mode

[0044] As Figure 1 shown, a method for detecting and evaluating suspended pollution in water areas, the method comprises the following steps in sequence:

[0045] (1) Construct a spatial coordinate system, and implant the water body and terrain models into the spatial coordinate system;

[0046] (2) Measure the initial water turbidity T of the water body to be detected through the turbidity measurement module j；

[0047] (3) Obtain the detection coordinates (x i , y i , z j ) of the turbidity measurement module through the detection and positioning module;

[0048] (4) According to the initial water turbidity T j and the detection coordinates (x i , y i , z j ), construct a water body turbidity model (x, y, z, T');

[0049] (5) Judge whether the water body turbidity T' is greater than the preset standard water body turbidity T 标 . If the judgment result is yes, determine that the water body to be detected is a polluted water body; otherwise, determine that the water body to be detected is a qualified water body.

[0050] Step (2) specifically refers to: calculating the light transmittance ε:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, A is the detection intensity of the light beam, A0 is the light source intensity; A' is the light intensity loss amount, and the calculation formula is:

[0053] A' = A1' - A2';

[0054] In the formula, A1' is the first light intensity loss amount obtained by irradiating the water sample of the water body to be detected without suspended matter with a light source of a preset intensity and a preset slope length; A2' is the second light intensity loss amount obtained by irradiating distilled water with a light source of a preset intensity and a preset slope length;

[0055] After calculating the light transmittance ε, according to the corresponding relationship between the light transmittance ε and the turbidity, obtain the initial water turbidity T. The corresponding relationship between the light transmittance ε and the turbidity is obtained by preparing a turbidity standard solution:

[0056] Weigh 10 g of diatomaceous earth that has passed through a 0.1 mm sieve (150 mesh). Add a little distilled water to a mortar and grind it into a paste, then transfer it to a 1000 mL graduated cylinder and add water to the mark. Stir well, let it stand for 24 h, and carefully transfer the upper 800 mL suspension to a second 1000 mL graduated cylinder by siphoning. Add water to the second graduated cylinder to 1000 mL, stir well and let it stand for another 24 h. Siphon out the upper 800 mL suspension containing finer particles and discard it. Dilute the sediment at the bottom with water to 1000 mL. After stirring well, store it in a stoppered glass bottle as the turbidity stock solution, which contains diatomaceous earth particles with a diameter of about 400 μm.

[0057] Take 50 mL of the above suspension and place it in a pre-weighed evaporating dish. Evaporate it to dryness on a water bath. Bake it in an oven at 105 °C for 2 h, cool it in a desiccator for 30 min, and weigh it. Repeat the above operation, that is, bake for 1 h, cool, and weigh until constant weight. Calculate the weight of diatomaceous earth contained in each milliliter of the suspension.

[0058] Absorb the suspension containing 250 mg of diatomaceous earth and place it in a 1000 mL volumetric flask. Add water to the mark and shake well. The turbidity of this solution is 250 degrees. Absorb 100 mL of the standard solution with a turbidity of 250 degrees and place it in a 250 mL volumetric flask. Dilute it to the mark with water. This solution is the standard solution with a turbidity of 100 degrees.

[0059] Add 1 g of mercuric chloride to the above stock solution and each standard solution to prevent the growth of bacteria. Steps for measuring water samples with a turbidity lower than 10 degrees:

[0060] Absorb 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10.0 mL of the standard solution with a turbidity of 100 degrees into 100 mL colorimetric tubes. Add water to dilute to the mark and mix well. These are the standard solutions with turbidities of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 degrees. Take the above standard solutions and detect them through a turbidity measurement module to obtain the corresponding light transmittance. Mix well the water samples with a turbidity above 10 degrees. That is, obtain the standard solutions of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 degrees, transfer them to a set of 250 mL stoppered glass bottles, add 1 g of mercuric chloride to each bottle to prevent the growth of bacteria, and tightly stopper and store. Take the above standard solutions and detect them through a turbidity measurement module to obtain the corresponding light transmittance. According to the light transmittance, select the standard solution that produces a visual effect similar to that of the water sample, record its turbidity value, and obtain the corresponding relationship or conversion table between the light transmittance ε and the turbidity.

[0061] Step (3) specifically refers to: Connect multiple turbidity measurement modules in series to a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is a straight rod or a rope. Install multiple turbidity measurement modules and a detection and positioning module on an unmanned remotely controlled survey ship. The detection and positioning module measures the position of the unmanned remotely controlled survey ship as (x i , yi , 0); Number the turbidity measurement modules on the connecting piece. If the first turbidity measurement module is located at the end of the connecting piece, then the placement depth L of the connecting piece is:

[0062] L = Z m - l';

[0063] Where, Z m is the maximum depth of the water body to be measured, and l' is the distance between the connecting piece and the bottom of the water body to be measured;

[0064] Based on the current position of the unmanned remote-controlled survey ship at (x i , y i ), query the spatial coordinate system. The maximum depth of the water body and terrain model is obtained as 10 m. In this water accumulation area, the specified remaining height l' at the bottom is 2 m. Then, control the placement depth of the connecting piece to be 8 m, and the distance between each turbidity measurement module is 3 m. The placement depth is adjusted in real time through the water body and terrain model, which is convenient for detection. At this time, damage caused by contact between the turbidity measurement module and the water body bottom is avoided, and waste of detection resources is also avoided.

[0065] The detection depth of the turbidity measurement module is:

[0066]

[0067] Where, j is the number of the turbidity measurement module on the same connecting piece; D k is the distance between the turbidity measurement modules numbered k and k + 1, where k = 1, 2,..., j; when j is the largest, D j is the distance between the turbidity measurement module numbered j and the water surface; D1 = 8 m, D2 = 5 m, D3 = 2 m. Through this method, vertical rapid detection can be carried out by the navigation of the unmanned remote-controlled survey ship, and the detection speed is fast.

[0068] Obtain the detection coordinates (x i , y i , z j ) of the turbidity measurement module.

[0069] Step (4) specifically refers to: Select two coordinate points s and m with known water turbidity from the detection coordinates (x i , y i , z j ). The coordinates of point s are (x s , y s , z s ), and the coordinates of point m are (x m , y m , z m ). The turbidity of point s is T S , and the turbidity of point m is Tm ; T S ∈T j , T m ∈T j ;

[0070] With (x s , y s , z s ) as the center, construct a spherical space with a preset radius r, and define the water turbidity within this spherical space as T S ; With (x m , y m , z m ) as the center, construct a spherical space with a preset radius r, and define the water turbidity within this spherical space as T m ;

[0071] Connect point s and point m into a straight line, and calculate the water turbidity of the coordinate points on this straight line:

[0072]

[0073] where (x, y, z) is the coordinate point to be determined; P is the value of the change trend vector:

[0074]

[0075] Then, take the coordinate point (x, y, z) obtained by formula (1) as the new known coordinate point of water turbidity, and substitute it into formula (1) for iterative calculation until the distance between the known coordinate points of water turbidity within the entire space coordinate system is less than or equal to the preset radius r, to obtain the water turbidity model (x, y, z, T').

[0076] As shown in Figure 2, this system includes:

[0077] A turbidity measurement module, used to detect the water to be detected in the water accumulation area in real time to obtain the preliminary water turbidity T;

[0078] A detection and positioning module, used to position the turbidity measurement module and obtain the detection coordinates (x i , y i , z j ) of the turbidity measurement module;

[0079] A turbidity model construction module, which constructs a water turbidity model through the detection coordinates (x i , y i , z j ) and the preliminary water turbidity T;

[0080] A judgment and analysis module, which judges whether the water turbidity is greater than the preset standard water turbidity T 标, if the judgment result is yes, it is determined that the water body to be detected is a polluted water body; otherwise, it is determined that the water body to be detected is a qualified water body.

[0081] The turbidity measurement module includes:

[0082] A light source emission module for emitting a light source with a preset intensity and a preset wavelength. The intensity of the light source is A0, and the light source emission module uses a beam generator; the preset intensity is from 100 Lux to 2000 Lux, and the preset wavelength is from 550 nm to 700 nm;

[0083] A light ray receiving module for receiving the light beam formed by the light source and obtaining the detected intensity A of the light beam;

[0084] A turbidity analysis module for obtaining the preliminary water body turbidity T according to the detected intensity A and the intensity A0 of the light source.

[0085] The detection and positioning module uses a GPS module. Multiple turbidity measurement modules are connected in series to a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is a straight rod or a rope. The multiple turbidity measurement modules and the detection and positioning module are installed on an unmanned remotely operated survey ship. A central controller is arranged on the unmanned remotely operated survey ship, and the central controller communicates with the multiple turbidity measurement modules and the detection and positioning module respectively.

[0086] The multiple turbidity measurement modules and the detection and positioning module are installed on an unmanned remotely operated survey ship, and the multiple turbidity measurement modules and the detection and positioning module are both in remote communication with the background server.

[0087] The water body and terrain model is a technology that combines a geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing technology in water, and is used to detect and record the position, shape, size, depth and other attributes of underwater features. The methods for obtaining the water body and terrain model generally include: sonar technology, electromagnetic induction technology, photoacoustic remote sensing technology, unmanned submersible technology, multibeam sonar technology, etc. When constructing the coordinate system, the water surface of the water body can be used as z = 0, the east-west direction can be used as the x-axis, and the north-south direction can be used as the y-axis. Other coordinate setting methods are not excluded.

[0088] In summary, the present invention can perform detection in real time, obtain accurate data, and has a small detection cost. It avoids detecting at a single detection point, has a large amount of detection data, and the data is accurate; by constructing a water body turbidity model, it is convenient and intuitive to observe, the data is accurate, the detection is convenient, the detection data can be obtained in real time, the data processing is timely, and it is convenient for timely countermeasure processing.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and evaluating suspended pollution in waters, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps in order: (1) Construct a spatial coordinate system and embed the water body and terrain models into the spatial coordinate system; (2) Measure the preliminary turbidity T of the water body to be tested through the turbidity measurement module j； (3) Obtain the detection coordinates (x i ,y i ,z j ); (4) Based on the preliminary water turbidity T j and the detection coordinates (x i ,y i ,z j ), construct water turbidity model (x, y, z, T'); (5) Determine whether the water turbidity T' is greater than the preset standard water turbidity T 标 If the judgment result is yes, the water body to be tested is determined to be a polluted water body, otherwise, the water body to be tested is determined to be a qualified water body.

2. The method for detecting and evaluating suspended pollution in water areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step (2) specifically refers to: calculating the light transmittance ε: Where A is the detected intensity of the light beam, A0 is the light source intensity, and A' is the light intensity loss. The calculation formula is: A' = A1' - A2'; Wherein, A1' is the first light intensity loss amount obtained by irradiating the water sample to be tested without suspended matter with a light source of preset intensity and preset slope length; A2' is the second light intensity loss amount obtained by irradiating distilled water with a light source of preset intensity and preset slope length; After the light transmittance ε is calculated, the preliminary water turbidity T is obtained according to the corresponding relationship between the light transmittance ε and turbidity.

3. The method for detecting and evaluating suspended pollution in water areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step (3) specifically refers to: connecting a plurality of turbidity measurement modules in series to a connecting member, the connecting member being a straight rod or a rope, installing a plurality of turbidity measurement modules and a detection and positioning module on an unmanned remote-controlled measuring vessel, and the detection and positioning module measuring the position of the unmanned remote-controlled measuring vessel as (x i ,y i ,0); number the turbidity measurement modules on the connector, the first turbidity measurement module is located at the end of the connector, and the insertion depth L of the connector is: L=Z m -l’; Among them, Z m is the maximum depth of the water body to be measured, l' is the distance between the connector and the bottom of the water body to be measured; The detection depth of the turbidity measurement module is: Wherein, j is the number of the turbidity measurement module on the same connector; D k is the distance between the turbidity measurement modules numbered k and k+1, k = 1, 2, ..., j; when j is the largest, D j is the distance between the turbidity measurement module numbered j and the water surface; Get the detection coordinates (x i ,y i ,z j ).

4. The method for detecting and evaluating suspended pollution in water areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step (4) specifically refers to: from the detection coordinate (x i ,y i ,z j ) select two coordinate points s and m with known water turbidity. The coordinate of point s is (x s ,y s , z s ), the coordinates of point m are (x m ,y m , z m ), the turbidity at point s is T S , the turbidity at point m is T m ; T S ∈T j , T m ∈T j ; With (x s ,y s , z s ) as the center, a spherical space is constructed with a preset radius r, and the turbidity of the water in the spherical space is defined as T S ; with (x m ,y m , z m ) as the center, a spherical space is constructed with a preset radius r, and the turbidity of the water in the spherical space is defined as T m ; Connect points s and m into a straight line and calculate the water turbidity of the coordinate points on the straight line: Among them, (x, y, z) is the coordinate point to be found; P is the trend vector value: Then, the coordinate point (x, y, z) obtained by formula (1) is used as the new coordinate point of the known water turbidity, and is substituted into formula (1) for a circular calculation until the distance between the coordinate points of the known water turbidity in the entire spatial coordinate system is less than or equal to the preset radius r, and the water turbidity model (x, y, z, T') is obtained.

5. A system for implementing the method for detecting and evaluating suspended pollution in water areas according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: The turbidity measurement module is used to detect the water body to be detected in the water accumulation area in real time to obtain the preliminary water turbidity T; The detection and positioning module is used to locate the turbidity measurement module and obtain the detection coordinates (x i ,y i ,z j ); The turbidity model building module detects the coordinates (x i ,y i ,z j ) and preliminary water turbidity T to construct a water turbidity model; Judgment analysis module, judge whether the water turbidity is greater than the preset standard water turbidity T 标 If the judgment result is yes, the water body to be tested is determined to be a polluted water body, otherwise, the water body to be tested is determined to be a qualified water body.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The turbidity measurement module comprises: A light source emission module is used to emit a light source with a preset intensity and a preset slope length. The intensity of the light source is A0. The light source emission module uses a beam generator. The preset intensity is 100 Lux to 2000 Lux, and the preset slope length is 550 nm to 700 nm. A light receiving module, used for receiving a light beam formed by a light source and obtaining a detection intensity A of the light beam; The turbidity analysis module is used to obtain preliminary water turbidity T according to the detection intensity A and the intensity A0 of the light source.

7. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The detection and positioning module adopts a GPS module, and multiple turbidity measurement modules are connected in series to a connecting piece, which is a straight rod or a rope. Multiple turbidity measurement modules and the detection and positioning module are installed on an unmanned remote-controlled measurement ship. A central controller is arranged on the unmanned remote-controlled measurement ship, and the central controller communicates with multiple turbidity measurement modules and the detection and positioning module respectively.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multiple turbidity determination modules and detection and positioning modules are installed on an unmanned remote-controlled measurement ship, and the multiple turbidity determination modules and detection and positioning modules are in remote communication with a background server.

Images