Interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge live detector and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric power detection, and particularly discloses an interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge live detector and method, the detector comprises a detector body, a wire and a detection head, the detector body is provided with a display device and a control panel, the detection head comprises a fixing shell, an interdigital sensor and a clamping mechanism, and the fixing shell is provided with a power supply. The interdigital sensor is arranged in an arc-shaped groove of the fixed shell, the clamping mechanism comprises a hinge arm, a clamping plate and a two-way worm, the hinge arm is meshed with the two-way worm through a worm gear, the clamping plate is connected with an extension plate and a driving wheel, and the detection head is further provided with an adsorption surface and a suction cup which are controlled by an air pump. Through a mechanical transmission structure that a worm gear is driven by a two-way worm, and in combination with a pneumatic extension plate controlled by an air pump, rapid self-adaptive clamping of the detection head on cables with different diameters is realized. Worm and gear transmission has the self-locking characteristic, constant clamping force can be kept through mechanical meshing after clamping, and looseness caused by vibration in the detection process is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power detection, and particularly to a finger-type composite ultrasonic partial discharge live detector and method. Background Art

[0002] The finger-type composite ultrasonic partial discharge live detector is used for on-line monitoring and fault warning of partial discharges in equipment such as transformers, GIS (gas-insulated switchgear), and high-voltage cables. Partial discharge (PD) is an important sign of insulation deterioration of power equipment; For example, a partial discharge detector disclosed in the prior art patent with the publication number CN221039304U includes a detector main body and a connecting wire. The detector main body is provided with a placement groove, which is equipped with an operation panel. The operation panel is equipped with a connecting panel, and the connecting panel is equipped with a fixing panel. The operation panel is provided with an operation cavity, and the connecting panel and the fixing panel are provided with telescopic cavities. The fixing panel and the connecting panel are equipped with movable rods, the movable rods are equipped with a traction plate, the traction plate is equipped with a clamping rod, the fixing panel is provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping rod is clamped with the clamping groove. The movable rod is equipped with a pressing block, the movable rod is equipped with a fixing plate, and the movable rod is equipped with a telescopic spring. The above-mentioned partial discharge detector solves the problem that the existing partial discharge detector and the detection line are placed separately, which is not convenient to carry, and the detection line cannot be adjusted according to the length required by the power equipment through the cooperation of the placement groove and the connecting panel; Although the existing detectors can detect cables and cabinets, during detection, the detection head usually needs to be fixed on the cable or cabinet, and auxiliary tools (usually manual assistance) are required for fixing. And after the detection head is adapted to the cable, when switching to the cabinet detection environment, the adapted shape of the detection head needs to be reset. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this part is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this part, as well as in the abstract and title of the present application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this part, the abstract, and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0004] The present invention provides a finger-type composite ultrasonic partial discharge live detector and method, which can solve the problem that after the detection head is adapted to the cable, when switching to the cabinet detection environment, the adapted shape of the detection head needs to be reset. The specific solutions are as follows: On the one hand, the present invention provides a finger-type composite ultrasonic partial discharge live detector, which includes a detector body, a wire and a probe head. The detector body is provided with a display device and a control panel. The probe head includes a fixed shell, a finger sensor and a clamping mechanism. The finger sensor is arranged in the arc-shaped groove of the fixed shell. The clamping mechanism includes a hinged arm, a clamping plate and a bidirectional worm. The hinged arm is engaged with the bidirectional worm through a worm gear. The clamping plate is connected to an extension plate and a driving wheel. The probe head is also provided with a suction surface and a suction cup controlled by an air pump; Among them, the hinged arm and the clamping plate can be switched between a clamping state and an unfolded state. When the hinged arm and the clamping plate are in the clamping state, they can be adapted to the surface of the cable. When the hinged arm and the clamping plate are in the unfolded state, they can be adapted to a flat surface; In the above solution, a non-contact finger sensor combined with a ball sliding design is adopted to achieve high-sensitivity detection while avoiding physical contact wear. The finger sensor can sense the weak signal of partial discharge without contacting the cable through the alternating electric field coupling principle, effectively eliminating the risk of signal interference or device damage caused by friction of traditional contact sensors. The balls are embedded in the receiving grooves on the side wall of the arc-shaped groove and can freely roll, reducing the frictional resistance when the probe head moves through free rolling, ensuring that the sensor maintains a constant distance from the cable surface, and avoiding detection errors caused by vibration or deviation. In addition, the ball structure combined with the linkage design of the driving wheel and the transmission belt enables the probe head to automatically roll along the cable for detection without manual dragging, greatly reducing the operation complexity and improving the detection efficiency.

[0005] Preferably, balls are arranged on the side wall of the arc-shaped groove of the fixed shell, and the balls are embedded in the receiving grooves and can freely roll; In the above solution, through the mechanical transmission structure of driving the worm gear by a bidirectional worm, combined with the pneumatic extension plate controlled by an air pump, the present invention realizes the rapid adaptive clamping of the probe head to different cable diameters. The worm and worm gear transmission has a self-locking characteristic, and a constant clamping force can be maintained through mechanical engagement after clamping to prevent loosening caused by vibration during detection. The air pump drives the extension plate to extend through positive pressure, expanding the wrapping area of the clamping plate on the cable. With the steel wire limit design, it is ensured that the extension plate only slides along a predetermined direction, avoiding deviation or falling off. At the same time, the negative pressure of the air pump and the suction cup cooperate to realize the stable adsorption of the probe head on the flat surface such as the cabinet, adapting to the detection requirements of multiple scenarios.

[0006] Preferably, the clamping plate and the hinged arm are connected through a sliding groove and a sliding block, and a first telescopic rod is arranged between them.

[0007] Preferably, an air inlet box is arranged on the outer wall of the clamping plate, the extension plate is communicated with the air inlet box through an arc-shaped rod, and the air pump drives the extension plate to expand and contract through positive pressure.

[0008] Preferably, the driving wheel is linked through a transmission wheel and a transmission belt and is controlled to rotate by a driving device; In the above solution, the detection head integrates a dual-mode movement solution of a driving wheel and a negative pressure adsorption surface, breaking through the limitation of the traditional detection equipment which is only applicable to a single scenario of cables or planes. The driving wheel is driven by a micro motor and cooperates with the transmission belt to realize synchronous rotation of multiple wheels, enabling the detection head to move autonomously along curved or inclined cables. The adsorption surface generates negative pressure through an air pump and, combined with the elastic support of the telescopic tube and the spring, can form a stable adsorption on the surface of the cabinet. Even if there are bumps or oil stains on the surface, it can be reliably fixed. In addition, the electromagnetic valve controls the cavities separated by the partition plate to realize independent regulation of the air circuits of the suction cup and the negative pressure holes, avoiding cross-interference.

[0009] Preferably, the adsorption surface is provided with negative pressure holes, and the suction cup is connected to the air pump through a telescopic tube and a spring.

[0010] Preferably, a partition plate and an electromagnetic valve are provided in the air inlet box for switching the air flow path to control the extension plate and the suction cup.

[0011] Preferably, an anti-detachment steel wire is provided between the extension plate of the detection head and the arc-shaped groove, and the telescopic tube of the suction cup can be replaced with an electric telescopic rod.

[0012] Preferably, the interdigital sensor is a non-contact sensor based on electric field coupling, and its interdigital electrodes form an alternating electric field to detect the disturbance of the target object.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention provides an interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge live detection method, including the following steps: S1. Install the detection head on the surface of the object to be measured, and select the clamping form or the unfolded form according to the surface shape of the object to be measured: S2. When the object to be measured is a cable, rotate the bidirectional worm of the detection head to drive the worm wheel to drive the articulated arm to close, so that the clamping plate fits and clamps the surface of the cable; S3. When the object to be measured is a flat surface, rotate the bidirectional worm in the reverse direction to unfold the articulated arm, adjust the extension plate through the driving wheel to make the clamping plate flat, and start the air pump to make the adsorption surface or the suction cup adsorb and fix; S4. Collect ultrasonic signals through the interdigital sensor, and after being processed by the detector body, output the partial discharge detection result on the display device.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can at least achieve one of the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention adopts a non-contact interdigital sensor combined with a ball sliding design, which realizes high-sensitivity detection while avoiding physical contact wear. The interdigital sensor can sense weak signals of partial discharge through the principle of alternating electric field coupling without contacting the cable, effectively eliminating the risk of signal interference or device damage caused by friction in traditional contact sensors. The ball is embedded in the receiving groove on the side wall of the arc-shaped groove, and the friction resistance during the movement of the probe head is reduced by free rolling, ensuring a constant distance between the sensor and the cable surface and avoiding detection errors caused by vibration or deviation. In addition, the ball structure is combined with the linkage design of the driving wheel and the transmission belt, enabling the probe head to automatically roll along the cable for detection without manual dragging, greatly reducing the operation complexity and improving the detection efficiency.

[0015] 2. Through the mechanical transmission structure of driving the worm gear by a bidirectional worm and combining the pneumatic extension plate controlled by an air pump, the present invention realizes the quick adaptive clamping of the probe head for different cable diameters. The worm gear transmission has a self-locking characteristic, and a constant clamping force can be maintained through mechanical meshing after clamping to prevent loosening caused by vibration during detection. The air pump drives the extension plate to extend through positive pressure, expanding the wrapping area of the clamping plate on the cable. With the steel wire limit design, it is ensured that the extension plate only slides along the predetermined direction, avoiding deviation or falling off. At the same time, the negative pressure of the air pump cooperates with the suction cup to realize the stable adsorption of the probe head on the flat surface such as in the cabinet, meeting the detection requirements of multiple scenarios.

[0016] 3. The probe head integrates a dual-mode movement solution of a driving wheel and a negative pressure adsorption surface, breaking through the single-scene limitation of traditional detection equipment that is only applicable to cables or planes. The driving wheel is driven by a micro motor and realizes synchronous rotation of multiple wheels through the transmission belt, enabling the probe head to move autonomously along curved or inclined cables. The adsorption surface generates negative pressure through an air pump and, combined with the elastic support of the telescopic tube and the spring, can form a stable adsorption on the cabinet surface. Even if the surface has unevenness or oil stains, it can be reliably fixed. In addition, the solenoid valve controls the cavity separated by the partition to realize independent regulation of the air path between the suction cup and the negative pressure hole, avoiding cross-interference.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent specification, and part of them will become obvious from the specification or be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures specifically pointed out in the written specification and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings. Among them: Figure 1Isometric view of the whole of the present invention; Figure 2 Isometric view of the present invention in the open state; Figure 3 Isometric view of the detection head of the present invention; Figure 4 Isometric view of the fixed shell of the present invention; Figure 5 Overall isometric view of the fixed shell of the present invention; Figure 6 Isometric view of the detection head of the present invention in the usage state; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of part A in; Figure 8 Side view of the present invention; Figure 9 Isometric view of the drive wheel of the present invention; Figure 10 Structural diagram of the detection environment of the cabinet of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, the reference numerals are as follows: 1, detector body; 101, display device; 102, control panel; 3, plug; 2, wire; 6, detection head; 4, cable; 5, wire core; 601, fixed shell; 602, interdigital sensor; 603, hinge ear; 604, ball; 605, clamping plate; 606, hinge arm; 607, worm; 608, double-headed worm; 609, sliding groove; 610, sliding block; 611, first telescopic rod; 612, extension plate; 613, arc rod; 614, intake box; 615, through hole; 616, partition; 617, solenoid valve; 618, spring; 619, telescopic tube; 620, suction cup; 621, drive wheel; 622, transmission wheel; 623, transmission belt; 624, drive device; 625, adsorption surface; 626, intake pipe; 627, air pump; 628, steel wire; 7, cabinet. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] The following will specifically describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the drawings form a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment 1: As Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a finger-type composite ultrasonic partial discharge live detector, which includes a detector body 1. The detector body 1 is provided with a display device 101 and a control panel 102. Among them, the display device 101, the control panel 102 and the detector body 1 are electrically connected to achieve the effect of overall control, and can monitor the detected data and adjust the detected parameters respectively. A plug 3 is arranged at the rear end of the detector body 1. The plug 3 is connected to the main board of the detector body 1. A wire 2 is inserted into the plug 3. The other end of the wire 2 is connected to a detection head 6. The detection head 6 can be attached to a cable 4 or other objects to be detected. Among them, a wire core 5 is arranged inside the cable 4. The cooperation of the detection head 6 and the detector body 1 can detect the discharge condition of the wire core 5; As Figure 3 shown in the figure, the detection head 6 can wrap around the cable 4, and can move along the cable 4 as the detector body 1 moves, so that the staff does not need to pull the detection head 6, thus realizing the detection of each position of the cable 4.

[0022] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, the detection head 6 includes a fixed shell 601. One end of the fixed shell 601 close to the outer wall of the cable 4 is provided with an arc-shaped groove matching the outer wall of the cable 4. An interdigital sensor 602 is installed inside the arc-shaped groove. It should be noted that the interdigital sensor 602 is non-contact type and can detect the object to be detected without contacting the object to be detected. Among them, one end of the wire 2 away from the detector body 1 is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed shell 601, and the wire 2 is electrically connected to the interdigital sensor 602. The electrical signal detected by the interdigital sensor 602 can be sent to the central processor built in the detector body 1; It should be noted that the working principle of the non-contact interdigital sensor 602 is: based on the signal coupling of the electric field or electromagnetic field, the signal perception is realized by detecting the disturbance of the target object to the field distribution around the sensor, and an alternating electric field is formed in the surrounding space through the interdigital electrode structure. When the object to be detected (such as a live device, biomolecule, etc.) enters this electric field, it will change the distribution of the electric field or cause capacitance / impedance changes, thereby generating a detectable electrical signal (such as current or voltage fluctuation). This signal is directly related to the physical or chemical properties of the detected target (such as dielectric constant, charge distribution, concentration, etc.). The non-contact sensor needs to combine high-frequency signal modulation technology and noise suppression algorithm to distinguish the target signal from environmental interference. For example, by optimizing the impedance matching of the interdigital electrodes, the attenuation of the signal in air or other media can be reduced; In order to prevent the detection head 6 from wearing the fixed housing 601 and the interdigital sensor 602 when moving on the cable 4 and affecting the detection accuracy, balls 604 are provided on the side of the fixed housing 601 close to the cable 4, that is, on the side wall of the arc-shaped groove. Moreover, accommodation grooves matching the balls 604 are formed on the side wall of the arc-shaped groove, so that the balls 604 can move freely inside the accommodation grooves, and the shape of the accommodation grooves is configured such that the balls 604 cannot fall off from the accommodation grooves.

[0023] As Figure 5 shown, two clamping plates 605 are symmetrically arranged up and down on one side of the fixed housing 601. A depression is provided on the adjacent side of the two clamping plates 605, so that the two clamping plates 605 can just wrap the cable 4 during use. Hinge arms 606 are also provided at the upper and lower ends of the fixed housing 601. One end of the hinge arm 606 is hinged to the upper and lower ends of the fixed housing 601. Specifically, hinge ears 603 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the fixed housing 601, and hinge holes are formed in the middle of the hinge ears 603. Correspondingly, a hinge column is connected to one end of the hinge arm 606, and the hinge column is hinged to the hinge hole. Among them, the middle part of the clamping plate 605 is slidably connected to one end of the hinge arm 606. A sliding groove 609 is formed at one end of the hinge arm 606, and a sliding block 610 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the clamping plate 605. Among them, the sliding block 610 is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove 609, and a first telescopic rod 611 is connected between the outer wall of the sliding block 610 and the inner wall of the sliding groove 609. The first telescopic rod 611 can drive the sliding block 610 to slide inside the sliding groove 609.

[0024] As Figure 6 shown, a bidirectional worm 608 is installed inside the fixed housing 601. A rotation hole (not shown in the figure) matching the bidirectional worm 608 is formed inside the fixed housing 601, and the bidirectional worm 608 rotates inside the rotation hole. In order to realize the rotation of the hinge arm 606, a worm gear 607 is provided at the end of the hinge arm 606 with the hinge column. The worm gear 607 is arranged in the middle interlayer of the hinge arm 606, and the central axis of the worm gear 607 is concentric with the rotation axis of the hinge movement of the hinge arm 606. Among them, both ends of the bidirectional worm 608 respectively extend to one end of the two hinge arms 606, so as to mesh with the two worm gears 607. A driving source is installed at one end of the bidirectional worm 608. The driving source drives the bidirectional worm 608 to rotate, thereby driving the worm gear 607 to rotate, so as to realize the rotation of the hinge arm 606. When the hinge arm 606 rotates, the clamping plates 605 can be driven to rotate, so that the two clamping plates 605 can clamp the cable 4 or loosen the cable 4; As Figure 7 、 Figure 8As shown in the figure, in order to prevent the detection head 6 from detaching from the cable 4, an extension plate 612 is provided at one end of the clamping plate 605. An arc-shaped groove is formed at one end of the clamping plate 605. One end of the extension plate 612 is slidably installed in the arc-shaped groove. When the extension plate 612 extends out, it can increase the wrapping area of the cable 4. One end of the extension plate 612 located inside the arc-shaped groove is connected to an arc-shaped rod 613. A through hole 615 is formed inside the arc-shaped groove. The outer wall of the clamping plate 605 is connected to an air inlet box 614. One end of the air inlet box 614 communicates with the through hole 615. The top of the air inlet box 614 is connected to an air inlet pipe 626. The air inlet pipe 626 is connected to an air pump 627. The air pump 627 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed shell 601, thus ensuring good heat dissipation. The air pump 627 can generate negative pressure and positive pressure. When the air pump 627 generates positive pressure, the gas enters the arc-shaped groove from the air inlet box 614 and the through hole 615, thereby pushing the extension plate 612 to extend outwards. And a steel wire 628 is connected between the extension plate 612 and the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove. The steel wire 628 has no elasticity. The extension plate 612 can be pulled by the steel wire 628 to prevent the extension plate 612 from detaching from the arc-shaped groove; It should be noted that the principle of the air pump generating positive pressure and negative pressure is mainly based on the mechanism of gas compression and volume change, and the gas pressure state is changed by the movement of the mechanical structure; Positive pressure refers to the state where the gas pressure is higher than the external atmospheric pressure. The air pump realizes this process by compressing the gas volume; Mechanical compression mechanism: The piston, screw or diaphragm of the air pump reciprocates under the action of a driving mechanism (such as an electric motor or a pneumatic motor), compressing the gas in the pump cavity. For example: Piston air pump: When the piston moves backward, it sucks air. When it moves forward, it compresses the gas, increasing the pressure in the pump cavity. Finally, high-pressure gas is output through the exhaust valve; Screw air pump: The gas is compressed by the rotation of the screw, gradually reducing the gas volume, forming a continuous high-pressure output; Pneumatic booster pump: Using compressed air to drive the piston, the low-pressure gas is pressurized step by step to the set value; Negative pressure (vacuum) refers to the state where the gas pressure is lower than the external atmospheric pressure. The air pump forms a vacuum by expanding the pump cavity volume to achieve suction; For example, diaphragm vacuum pump: The motor drives the diaphragm to reciprocate. When the diaphragm moves backward, the volume of the pump cavity increases, and the internal pressure decreases. The external gas is sucked in through the intake valve under the atmospheric pressure difference; When the diaphragm moves forward, it closes the intake valve and compresses the gas, and finally discharges it through the exhaust valve; And piston vacuum pump: The piston moves backward to expand the pump cavity volume, forming a negative pressure to suck in gas. Subsequently, the piston compresses the gas and discharges it.

[0025] Inside the intake box 614, it is divided into upper and lower cavities by a partition plate 616. The upper cavity is connected to the through hole 615, and the middle of the partition plate 616 is also separated by an electromagnetic valve 617. A telescopic tube 619 is arranged below the lower cavity. The bottom of the telescopic tube 619 is connected to a suction cup 620. A spring 618 is connected between the top end of the telescopic tube 619 and the partition plate 616, and the spring 618 is default in an extended state; As Figure 9 shown, several driving wheels 621 are connected to the extension 612. One end of each of the several driving wheels 621 is connected to a transmission wheel 622. The several transmission wheels 622 are coupled and connected by a transmission belt 623. It should be noted that the transmission wheel 622 can be a sprocket or a pulley, and the transmission belt 623 can be a chain or a belt. One end of one of the driving wheels 621 is connected to a driving device 624, and the driving device 624 can be a micro motor. The driving device 624 drives the driving wheel 621 to rotate, and then through the transmission wheels 622 and the transmission belt 623, the several driving wheels 621 rotate, so that the driving wheels 621 can roll along the surface of the cable 4, and then with the cooperation of the ball 604, the entire detection head 6 can form a rolling connection along the surface of the cable 4.

[0026] As a possible embodiment, as Figure 10 shown, in order to enable the detection head 6 to be used on a flat surface such as a cabinet 7, an adsorption surface 625 is provided at one end of the fixed shell 601. A number of negative pressure holes are opened on the adsorption surface 625, and the negative pressure holes can extend to the air pump 627 through the cavity and pipeline inside the fixed shell 601; When the detection head 6 is applied to a flat surface, by rotating the bidirectional worm 608, the bidirectional worm 608 drives the two worm wheels 607 to rotate, and the worm wheels 607 drive the articulated arm 606 and the clamping plate 605 to rotate, so that the clamping plate 605 is in a vertical state, and the suction cup 620 automatically extends under the high elastic force of the spring 618, so that the suction cup 620 adheres to the cabinet 7. At this time, the air pump 627 generates negative pressure, so that both the negative pressure holes and the suction cup 620 generate negative pressure, so that the detection head 6 can be adsorbed on the surface of the cabinet 7; It should be noted that the spring 618 can also be replaced with an electric telescopic rod, so as to drive the suction cup 620 to perform telescopic movement through the electric telescopic rod.

[0027] Embodiment 2: The technical solution of this embodiment is different from that of Embodiment 1 in that this embodiment provides a method for detecting partial discharge with live finger-type composite ultrasonic waves, including the following steps: S1: Locate the cable, align the arc-shaped groove of the detection head 6 with the surface of the cable 4 to ensure that the interdigital sensor 602 is facing the position of the wire core 5; S2: Activate the positive pressure mode of the air pump. Start the air pump 627 through the control panel 102, select the "positive pressure mode", and the gas enters the intake box 614 through the intake pipe 626. The positive pressure pushes the extension plate 612 to extend outward from the arc-shaped groove of the clamping plate 605 to wrap the cable 4. S3: Clamp the cable. Operate the control panel 102 to start the drive source such as a motor to drive the bidirectional worm 608 to rotate; the bidirectional worm 608 drives the two-sided worm wheels 607 to rotate synchronously, causing the articulated arm 606 to rotate towards the cable direction; the clamping plate 605 slides along the sliding groove 609 through the sliding block 610, and the first telescopic rod 611 assists in adjusting the clamping force; when the clamping plate 605 completely clamps the cable, stop the drive source, and the detection head 6 is fixed on the surface of the cable 4. S4: Start the drive wheel. Start the drive device 624 such as a micro motor through the control panel 102, and the drive wheel 621 rolls along the surface of the cable 4. The transmission wheel 622 is linked with the transmission belt 623 to ensure that all drive wheels 621 rotate synchronously, driving the detection head 6 to move along the cable.

[0028] S5: Monitor data in real time. The interdigital sensor 602 detects the partial discharge signal of the wire core 5 through non-contact electric field coupling. The electrical signal is transmitted to the detector body 100 through the wire 2, and the display device 101 displays the electric field disturbance waveform and discharge intensity in real time. The operator adjusts the detection parameters such as sensitivity and filtering frequency through the control panel 102.

[0029] Flat surface detection: S1: Switch to the adsorption mode. Switch the air pump 627 to the "negative pressure mode" through the control panel 102, and close the electromagnetic valve 617 to isolate the upper and lower cavities of the intake box 614. S2: Adjust the position of the clamping plate. Reverse-drive the bidirectional worm 608 to rotate the clamping plate 605 to a vertical state perpendicular to the fixed shell 601, and release the clamping of the cable. S3: Adsorb the cabinet surface. Press the adsorption surface 625 of the detection head 6 tightly against the surface of the cabinet 7. The suction cup 620 automatically extends and fits under the elastic force of the spring 618. The air pump 627 generates negative pressure, and the negative pressure holes of the adsorption surface 625 and the suction cup 620 adsorb simultaneously to fix the detection head 6.

[0030] In summary, the present invention adopts a non-contact interdigital sensor 602 combined with a sliding design of a ball 604, achieving high-sensitivity detection while avoiding physical contact wear. The interdigital sensor can sense weak signals of partial discharge through the principle of alternating electric field coupling without contacting the cable 4, effectively eliminating the risk of signal interference or device damage caused by friction in traditional contact sensors. The ball 604 is embedded in the receiving groove on the side wall of the arc-shaped groove and reduces the frictional resistance when the probe head 6 moves through free rolling, ensuring a constant distance between the sensor and the surface of the cable 4 and avoiding detection errors caused by vibration or deviation. In addition, the linkage design of the ball structure in cooperation with the driving wheel 621 and the transmission belt 623 enables the probe head 6 to automatically roll along the cable for detection without manual dragging, greatly reducing the operation complexity and improving the detection efficiency. Through the mechanical transmission structure of driving the worm gear 607 by the bidirectional worm 608 and combining with the pneumatic extension plate 612 controlled by the air pump 627, the present invention realizes the rapid adaptive clamping of the probe head 6 for different cable diameters. The worm gear and worm drive has a self-locking characteristic and can maintain a constant clamping force through mechanical meshing after clamping to prevent loosening caused by vibration during the detection process. The air pump 627 drives the extension plate 612 to extend through positive pressure, expanding the wrapping area of the clamping plate 605 on the cable 4. In cooperation with the wire 628 limiting design, it ensures that the extension plate 612 slides only along a predetermined direction, avoiding deviation or detachment. At the same time, the negative pressure of the air pump in cooperation with the suction cup 620 can realize the stable adsorption of the probe head 6 on plane surfaces such as the cabinet 7, meeting the detection requirements of multiple scenarios. The probe head 6 integrates a dual-mode movement solution of the driving wheel 621 and the negative pressure adsorption surface 625, breaking through the single-scenario limitation of traditional detection equipment that is only applicable to cables or planes. The driving wheel 621 is driven by a micro motor 624, and multiple wheels rotate synchronously in cooperation with the transmission belt 623, enabling the probe head 6 to move autonomously along curved or inclined cables. The adsorption surface 625 generates negative pressure through the air pump 627 and can form a stable adsorption on the surface of the cabinet 7 in combination with the elastic support of the telescopic tube 619 and the spring 618, and can be reliably fixed even if the surface has unevenness or oil stains. In addition, the solenoid valve 617 controls the cavity separated by the partition plate 616 to realize independent air path regulation of the suction cup 620 and the negative pressure hole, avoiding cross-interference. Through the modular structure design, the present invention significantly reduces the equipment maintenance complexity and usage cost.

[0031] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0032] In the description of the specification, claims, and the above-mentioned drawings of the embodiments of the present application, terms such as "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0033] In the embodiments of the present application, it is not to be understood that the devices or elements indicated or implied must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more unless otherwise specifically and precisely defined.

[0034] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and utilize the present invention well. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge charge detector, comprising a detector body (1), a conductor (2) and a detection head (6), characterized in that: The detector body (1) is provided with a display device (101) and a control panel (102); the detection head (6) comprises a fixed shell (601), a forked finger sensor (602) and a clamping mechanism; the forked finger sensor (602) is arranged in a circular arc groove of the fixed shell (601); the clamping mechanism comprises an articulated arm (606), a clamping plate (605) and a bidirectional worm (608); the articulated arm (606) is meshed with the bidirectional worm (608) via a worm gear (607); the clamping plate (605) is connected to an extension plate (612) and a driving wheel (621); the detection head (6) is further provided with an adsorption surface (625) and a suction cup (620) controlled by an air pump (627); The articulated arm (606) and the clamping plate (605) are switchable between a clamping state and an unfolded state. When the articulated arm (606) and the clamping plate (605) are in the clamping state, they can adapt to the surface of the cable (4). When the articulated arm (606) and the clamping plate (605) are in the unfolded state, they can adapt to a flat surface.

2. The interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge charge detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ball (604) is provided on the side wall of the arc-shaped groove of the fixed shell (601); the ball (604) is embedded in the receiving groove and can roll freely.

3. The interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge charge detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping plate (605) and the hinged arm (606) are connected via a sliding groove (609) and a sliding block (610), with a first telescopic rod (611) being provided between the two.

4. The interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge charge detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet box (614) is provided on the outer wall of the clamping plate (605); the extension plate (612) is connected to the air inlet box (614) via an arc-shaped rod (613); and the air pump (627) drives the extension plate (612) to extend and retract through positive pressure.

5. The interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge charge detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving wheel (621) is linked via a transmission wheel (622) and a transmission belt (623), and is controlled to rotate by a driving device (624).

6. The interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge charge detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption surface (625) is provided with a negative pressure hole, and the suction cup (620) is connected to the air pump (627) via a telescopic tube (619) and a spring (618).

7. The interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge charge detector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air inlet box (614) is provided with a partition plate (616) and an electromagnetic valve (617) for switching the air flow path to control the extension plate (612) and the suction cup (620).

8. The interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge charge detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-dropping steel wire (628) is provided between the extension plate (612) and the arc-shaped groove of the detection head (6), and the telescopic tube (619) of the suction cup (620) can be replaced by an electric telescopic rod.

9. The interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge charge detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interdigital sensor (602) is a non-contact sensor based on electric field coupling, and its interdigital electrodes form an alternating electric field to detect disturbances of a target object.

10. An interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge charge detection method, using an interdigital composite ultrasonic partial discharge charge detector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Install the detection head (6) to the surface of the object to be measured, and select the clamping form or the unfolding form according to the shape of the surface of the object to be measured: S2. When the object to be measured is a cable (4), the bidirectional worm (608) of the rotating detection head (6) drives the worm wheel (607) to drive the articulated arm (606) to close, so that the clamping plate (605) and the surface of the cable (4) are adapted to be clamped; S3. When the object to be measured is a flat surface, the bidirectional worm (608) is rotated in the opposite direction to unfold the articulated arm (606), the extension plate (612) is adjusted by the driving wheel (621) to make the clamping plate (605) flat, and the air pump (627) is started to make the adsorption surface (625) or the suction cup (620) adsorb and fix; S4. Collecting ultrasonic signals through the interdigital sensor (602), processing them through the detector body (100), and outputting partial discharge detection results on the display device (101).

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