Nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system

Abstract

The invention discloses a nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system which is applied to the technical field of personal radiation dose measurement. Comprising a portable measuring device, a cloud server and a remote monitoring terminal, the portable measuring device comprises a radiation dose measuring module, a remote communication module, a control module and a power supply module, the control module is connected with the radiation dose measuring module and the remote communication module, and the portable measuring device is in communication connection with the cloud server through the remote communication module. The remote monitoring terminal is in communication connection with the cloud server, and the power supply module supplies power to the portable measuring equipment. The radiation dose measurement module is provided with a neutron radiation dose measurement unit and a ray radiation dose measurement unit. The portable measuring device monitors the radiation dose level received by the responder in real time, a nuclear emergency rapid classification system based on the portable measuring device and the remote monitoring terminal is established, management is convenient, and necessary radiation dosimetry information is provided for follow-up radiation damage treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of personal radiation dose measurement, and more specifically, to a nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system. Background Art

[0002] In nuclear emergency response operations, the first responders arriving at the accident site include firefighters, police, or medical treatment personnel, who are collectively referred to as initial responders or first responders. The activities of such personnel are in the golden period of rescue, and for the overall emergency response operation, they are undoubtedly crucial, necessary, and indispensable. The vast majority of initial responders are not professional radiation protection technicians. At the beginning of the rescue operation, they may very likely be in a high-radiation-risk space without knowing it. In the absence of nuclear emergency instruments and equipment, they are exposed to high-level radiation at the scene, thereby leading to the formation of a group of secondary acute or subacute radiation injuries, and in severe cases, causing acute or subacute radiation sickness cases.

[0003] However, the purposes of occupational personal monitoring and nuclear emergency personal monitoring are different. After a nuclear accident occurs, initial responders may arrive at the scene earlier than professional radiation protection personnel, and the emergency rescue operation will then be launched. At this time, personal radiation monitoring often needs to be carried out passively, but due to the lack of professional instruments or emergency preparations, it cannot be effectively implemented in an extreme situation; initial responders enter the scene in advance, and the irradiated may have formed a group of secondary acute or subacute radiation injuries, expanding the base of the population that needs radiation injury treatment, while also increasing the complexity of the actions in the middle and late stages of the nuclear emergency and raising the treatment difficulty; due to the inability to obtain the irradiated information of all personnel at the scene, nuclear emergency personal monitoring often lacks planning, systematicness, and controllability. After professional radiation protection personnel arrive at the scene and need to reclassify the personnel, the best period for nuclear emergency treatment may be missed. In nuclear emergency monitoring, the radiation field situation is very complex, with co-existing complex injuries such as radiation injuries and mechanical injuries, and the activities of personnel are unknown. The personal exposure doses of initial responders and the injured at the scene cannot be effectively recorded in a timely manner, losing the time-sensitive radiation dosimetry information, and can only be made up by subsequent medical monitoring, with a long cycle and poor results. Therefore, how to provide a nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system, which can effectively collect the radiation dosimetry information of primary responders.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system includes a portable measurement device, a cloud server, and a remote monitoring terminal. The portable measurement device includes a radiation dose measurement module, a remote communication module, a control module, and a power supply module. The control module is respectively connected to the radiation dose measurement module and the remote communication module. The portable measurement device communicates with the cloud server through the remote communication module. The remote monitoring terminal communicates with the cloud server. The power supply module powers the portable measurement device.

[0007] Optionally, the radiation dose measurement module includes a surface coating, a clamping box, a neutron radiation dose measurement unit, and a ray radiation dose measurement unit. The neutron radiation dose measurement unit and the ray radiation dose measurement unit are arranged side by side in the clamping box, and the surface coating is arranged on the surfaces of the neutron radiation dose measurement unit and the ray radiation dose measurement unit.

[0008] Optionally, the neutron radiation dose measurement unit is used to measure the personal radiation dose caused by neutrons. The neutron radiation dose measurement unit uses a Geiger-Müller counter to measure the radioactive count of the activation foil, and calculates the neutron flux based on the radioactive count of the activation foil. The calculation formula is:

[0009]

[0010] In the formula, Ф is the neutron flux, λ is the residual nuclear decay constant, ε is the detection efficiency of the counter for γ rays with energy E, δ is the percentage intensity of γ rays emitted by the residual nucleus during one decay, M is the molar or gram atomic mass number of the target nucleus isotope, N A is Avogadro's constant, σ eff is the effective activation cross-section of the foil material, N is the radioactive count of the activation foil measured by the Geiger-Müller counter, m is the mass number of the target nucleus isotope in the activation foil, Δt is the measurement time interval, e -2λΔt is the decay time correction factor of the activity within the time interval Δt; the measured radioactive count caused by neutrons is converted into the neutron personal dose equivalent Hp(10).

[0011] Optionally, the ray radiation dose measurement unit is used to measure the personal radiation dose caused by X / γ and β rays. The ray radiation dose measurement unit uses a thermoluminescence dose measurement system. When the crystal of the ray radiation dose measurement unit is irradiated by X / γ and β rays, the electrons in the valence band of the crystal obtain enough energy to jump to the conduction band, leaving holes in the valence band. The ionized and excited electrons and holes are respectively captured by the defects in the metastable energy level in the lattice. The defects are the luminescence centers. When the phosphor is heated, the electrons and holes escape from the luminescence centers, and energy is released during the recombination process, that is, thermoluminescence. The photomultiplier tube is used to collect the optical signal and convert it into an electric current signal to realize the quantitative analysis of X / γ and β rays.

[0012] Optionally, the portable measurement device further includes an electronic tag for storing the identity information and personal radiation dose of the carrier of the portable measurement device. The electronic tag is read by a tag reading device to obtain the recorded identity information and personal radiation dose measurement information, and the tag reading device sends the identity information and personal radiation dose measurement information to a remote monitoring terminal.

[0013] Optionally, the portable measurement device further includes an alarm module, which includes an LED light and a buzzer, and gives an audible and visual alarm based on the current personal radiation dose measurement value and the alarm threshold.

[0014] Optionally, the remote monitoring terminal includes a data processing module, a data transmission module, a visualization module, and a human-computer interaction module. The data processing module classifies the radiation levels of all monitored personnel based on the personal radiation dose measurement values to provide a reference for subsequent nuclear emergency treatment. The data transmission module is used to receive the personal radiation dose measurement data sent by the portable measurement device. The visualization module is used to display the personal radiation dose measurement data. The human-computer interaction module is used to realize the interaction between the user and the remote monitoring terminal.

[0015] Optionally, the data processing module designs reference thresholds for different radiation levels based on the cumulative value and instantaneous dose rate of the personal radiation dose, and divides the risk levels of the responders monitored for personal radiation dose into 4 risk levels according to the measurement results, and designs different measures for different risk levels.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system, which has the following beneficial effects: The present invention realizes the passive recording of the nuclear emergency personal doses of all on-site personnel in the early stage of nuclear emergency operations in the absence of professional equipment or instruments through the portable measurement device; The present invention utilizes the real-time communication between the radiation portable measurement device and the remote monitoring terminal, and cooperates with the real-time monitoring of the radiation portable measurement device to quickly classify all on-site personnel according to the personal dose level in the first time, and maximally meets the requirements of planning, controllability, and systematicness of nuclear emergency personal monitoring; Collect timely and necessary radiological information to facilitate targeted nuclear injury treatment in the middle and late stages of the emergency response operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system of the present invention. Specific implementation manner

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system, as Figure 1 shown, including a portable measurement device, a cloud server, and a remote monitoring terminal. The portable measurement device includes a radiation dose measurement module, a remote communication module, a control module, and a power supply module. The control module is respectively connected to the radiation dose measurement module and the remote communication module. The portable measurement device is communicatively connected to the cloud server through the remote communication module, and the remote monitoring terminal is communicatively connected to the cloud server. The power supply module powers the portable measurement device.

[0021] Furthermore, the radiation dose measurement module includes a surface coating, a clamping box, a neutron radiation dose measurement unit, and a ray radiation dose measurement unit. The neutron radiation dose measurement unit and the ray radiation dose measurement unit are arranged side by side in the clamping box, and the surface coating is arranged on the surfaces of the neutron radiation dose measurement unit and the ray radiation dose measurement unit.

[0022] Furthermore, the neutron radiation dose measurement unit is used to measure the personal radiation dose caused by neutrons. The neutron radiation dose measurement unit uses a Geiger-Muller counter to measure the radioactive count of the activation foil, and calculates the neutron flux based on the radioactive count of the activation foil. The calculation formula is:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, Ф is the neutron flux, λ is the residual nuclear decay constant, ε is the detection efficiency of the counter for γ rays with energy E, δ is the percentage intensity of γ rays emitted by the residual nucleus during one decay, M is the molar or gram atomic mass number of the target nuclear isotope, N A is Avogadro's constant, σ eff is the effective activation cross section of the foil material, N is the radioactive count of the activation foil measured by the Geiger-Muller counter, m is the mass number of the target nuclear isotope in the activation foil, Δt is the measurement time interval, e -2λΔt is the decay time correction factor of the activity within the time interval Δt; the measured radioactive count caused by neutrons is converted into the neutron personal dose equivalent Hp(10).

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, a certain stable isotope under neutron irradiation with a flux of φ(E) generates a radioactivity of:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, represents the neutron flux to be measured; considering the influence of the natural abundance a of the activation foil nuclide, it can be rewritten as:

[0028]

[0029] The neutron flux obtained is:

[0030]

[0031] The radioactive count of the activation foil is measured using a Geiger-Müller counter as:

[0032] N(E,t) = A i ε(E)δ(E)λe -2λΔt

[0033] From the above formula, it can be obtained that:

[0034]

[0035] Substituting the above formula into the neutron flux calculation formula, the relationship between the neutron flux and the radioactive count of the activation foil is obtained.

[0036] Furthermore, the ray radiation dose measurement unit is used to measure the personal radiation dose caused by X / γ and β rays. The ray radiation dose measurement unit adopts a thermoluminescent dose measurement system. When the crystal of the ray radiation dose measurement unit is irradiated by X / γ and β rays, the electrons in the valence band of the crystal obtain sufficient energy to jump to the conduction band, leaving holes in the valence band. The ionized and excited electrons and holes are respectively captured by the defects in the metastable energy level in the crystal lattice. The defects are the luminescence centers. When the phosphor is heated, the electrons and holes escape from the luminescence centers, and energy is released during the recombination process, that is, thermoluminescence. The photomultiplier tube is used to collect the optical signal and convert it into an electrical signal to realize the quantitative analysis of X / γ and β rays.

[0037] Furthermore, the portable measurement device further includes an electronic tag. The electronic tag is used to store the identity information and personal radiation dose of the carrier of the portable measurement device. The electronic tag is read by a tag reading device to obtain the recorded identity information and personal radiation dose measurement information. The tag reading device sends the identity information and personal radiation dose measurement information to the remote monitoring terminal.

[0038] Further, the portable measurement device further includes an alarm module, which includes an LED lamp and a buzzer, and gives an audible and visual alarm based on the current personal radiation dose measurement value and the alarm threshold.

[0039] Further, the remote monitoring terminal includes a data processing module, a data transmission module, a visualization module, and a human-computer interaction module. The data processing module classifies the radiation levels of all monitored personnel based on the personal radiation dose measurement values, providing a reference for subsequent nuclear emergency treatment. The data transmission module is used to receive the personal radiation dose measurement data sent by the portable measurement device. The visualization module is used to display the personal radiation dose measurement data. The human-computer interaction module is used to realize the interaction between the user and the remote monitoring terminal.

[0040] Further, the data processing module designs reference thresholds for different radiation levels based on the cumulative value and instantaneous dose rate of the personal radiation dose, and classifies the risk levels of the responders monitored for personal radiation dose into 4 risk levels according to the measurement results, and designs different measures for different risk levels.

[0041] In the embodiments of the present invention, the 4 risk levels are specifically divided into low risk, medium risk, high risk, and critical risk. Specifically:

[0042] The dose range for low risk is cumulative dose <50 mSv and instantaneous dose rate <100 μSv / h. Low-risk monitoring is applicable to peripheral support personnel among the responders, such as logistics personnel and command and communication personnel. Low-risk personnel need to evaluate the radiation dose every 1 hour and are provided with basic protective equipment. The dose range for medium risk is cumulative dose 50–250 mSv and instantaneous dose rate 100–500 μSv / h. Medium-risk monitoring is applicable to front-line operators among the responders. For medium-risk personnel, exposure time needs to be restricted, and they are forced to wear full-body protective equipment. Medical screening is required after the task, and they are prohibited from returning to high-dose areas within 48 hours. The dose range for high risk is cumulative dose 250–500 mSv and instantaneous dose rate >500 μSv / h. High-risk monitoring is applicable to fire and rescue personnel among the responders. For high-risk personnel, their personal radiation dose is monitored in real time and remotely, and medical intervention is carried out immediately after evacuation. The dose range for critical risk is cumulative dose ≥500 mSv. Critical risk is applicable to all responders. For critical-risk personnel, they need to be forcibly evacuated and sent to the hospital, are prohibited from participating in radiation-related tasks, and are subject to long-term health tracking.

[0043] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0044] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to practice or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system, characterized in that: It includes a portable measuring device, a cloud server and a remote monitoring terminal. The portable measuring device includes a radiation dose measurement module, a remote communication module, a control module and a power supply module. The control module is connected to the radiation dose measurement module and the remote communication module respectively. The portable measuring device is connected to the cloud server through the remote communication module, the remote monitoring terminal is connected to the cloud server, and the power supply module supplies power to the portable measuring device.

2. A nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation dose measurement module includes a surface coating, a clamping box, a neutron radiation dose measurement unit and a radiation dose measurement unit. The neutron radiation dose measurement unit and the radiation dose measurement unit are arranged side by side in the clamping box, and the surface coating is arranged on the surface of the neutron radiation dose measurement unit and the radiation dose measurement unit.

3. A nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The neutron radiation dose measurement unit is used to measure the personal radiation dose caused by neutrons. The neutron radiation dose measurement unit uses a Geiger-Mueller counter to measure the radioactive count of the activated foil and calculates the neutron flux based on the radioactive count of the activated foil. The calculation formula is: In the formula, Ф is the neutron flux, λ is the decay constant of the remaining nucleus, ε is the detection efficiency of the counter for gamma rays with energy E, δ is the percentage intensity of gamma rays emitted by the remaining nucleus after one decay, M is the gram molecule or gram atom mass number of the target nuclear isotope, and N is A is Avogadro's constant, σ eff is the effective activation cross section of the foil material, N is the radioactivity count of the activated foil measured by the Geiger-Mueller counter, m is the mass number of the target nuclear isotope in the activated foil, Δt is the measurement time interval, and e is the ... -2λΔt is the decay time correction factor for activity within the time interval Δt; it converts the measured neutron-induced radioactivity counts into neutron personal dose equivalent Hp(10).

4. A nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The X-ray radiation dose measurement unit is used to measure personal radiation dose caused by X / γ and β rays. The X-ray radiation dose measurement unit adopts a thermoluminescence dose measurement system. When the crystal of the X-ray radiation dose measurement unit is irradiated by X / γ and β rays, the electrons in the valence band of the crystal obtain enough energy to transition to the conduction band, leaving holes in the valence band. The ionized and excited electrons and holes are captured by defects in the lattice at metastable energy levels. The defects are luminescence centers. When the phosphor is heated, electrons and holes escape from the luminescence centers and release energy in the recombination process, which is thermoluminescence. Photomultiplier tubes are used to collect light signals and convert them into current signals to achieve quantitative analysis of X / γ and β rays.

5. The nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portable measuring device also includes an electronic tag, which is used to store the identity information and personal radiation dose of the carrier of the portable measuring device. The electronic tag is read by a tag reading device to obtain the recorded identity information and personal radiation dose measurement information. The tag reading device sends the identity information and personal radiation dose measurement information to the remote monitoring terminal.

6. A nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portable measuring device also includes an alarm module, which includes an LED light and a buzzer, and performs an audible and visual prompt alarm based on the current personal radiation dose measurement value and the alarm threshold.

7. A nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote monitoring terminal includes a data processing module, a data transmission module, a visualization module and a human-computer interaction module. The data processing module classifies the radiation levels of all monitored personnel based on the personal radiation dose measurement values ​​to provide a reference for subsequent nuclear emergency treatment. The data transmission module is used to receive personal radiation dose measurement data sent by portable measuring equipment. The visualization module is used to display personal radiation dose measurement data. The human-computer interaction module is used to realize the interaction between the user and the remote monitoring terminal.

8. A nuclear emergency rapid classification personal radiation dose measurement system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data processing module designs reference thresholds for different radiation levels based on the cumulative value of personal radiation dose and instantaneous dose rate. According to the measurement results, the risk levels of responders subject to personal radiation dose monitoring are divided into four risk levels, and different measures are designed for different risk levels.

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